Romanticism
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J.M.W. Turner, "Valley of Aosta: Snowstorm, Avalanche
Theand Thunderstorm,"
Persistence 1836/37.
of Memory, oil on canvas by Salvador Dalí, 1931
A movement in the arts and literature that originated in the
late 18th century, emphasizing inspiration, subjectivity,
and the primacy of the individual.
[Link]
DEFINITION AND HISTORY OF ROMANTICISM
● Romanticism was an art movement popularized in many
works of literature, painting, music, architecture, criticism, and
historiography in Western civilization from the late 18th to the
mid-19th century.
● Unlike its predecessors, Romanticism was subjective,
imaginative, personal, spontaneous, emotional, visionary, and
transcendental.
● Through this art movement, artists like Joseph Mallord William
Turner, Eugène Delacroix, Theodore Gericault, Francisco
Goya, and Caspar David Friedrich found inspiration in their
own imaginations.
[Link]
Romanticism Facts
LEFT: Whalley Bridge and Abbey, Lancashire: Dyers washing and drying cloth by JMW
Turner. RIGHT: Young Tiger Playing with its Mother (1830–31) by Eugène Delacroix
● Generally, Romantic artists worked in one medium: paint. In
the movement's early years, the artists predominantly focused
on landscape painting.
● Through the years, other forms of expression influenced by
the movement produced romantic arts.
DISCIPLINES OF ROMANTICISM
● While most Romantics were into
painting, some dabbled in sculpture.
François Rude, a French sculptor,
crafted the Marseillaise, a group of
reliefs on Paris' Arc de Triomphe.
● Other artists applied romanticism
through music. Most well-known
composers worked in the Romantic
style including Ludwig van Beethoven,
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Franz Liszt,
and Richard Wagner.
● Beethoven’s symphonies and piano
sonatas were distinctive for their
expressiveness and strong emotion.
[Link]
Romanticism Facts
Other well-known musicians influenced by Romanticism.
LEFT: Franz Liszt, CENTER: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, RIGHT: Carl Maria von Weber
● Popular in the late 18th and early 19th centuries,
Romanticism’s literary movement emphasized nature and the
importance of emotion and artistic freedom.
● Its literature is centered on the glorification of nature,
acceptance of emotions, emphasis on aesthetic beauty,
solitude, spiritual and supernatural elements, vivid sensory
imagery and use of personification.
● English poets like William Blake, William Wordsworth, and
Samuel Taylor Coleridge led the way in romanticism with their
works centered in mystical, the subconscious, and the
supernatural.
● Later, romanticism
also embraced
cultural nationalism,
historical
appreciation, and
the supernatural.
LEFT: Mary Shelley’s
“Frankenstein” and RIGHT: CR
Maturin’s the “Marquis de Sade”
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Romanticism Facts
● English
OZYMANDIAS Romantic poetry
BY PERCY BYSSHE SHELLEY
was also
I met a traveller from an antique land, introduced and
Who said—“Two vast and trunkless legs of stone
Stand in the desert. . . . Near them, on the sand, popularized in
Half sunk a shattered visage lies, whose frown, the works of
And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command, John Keats, Lord
Tell that its sculptor well those passions read Byron, and
Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless
things,
Percy Bysshe
The hand that mocked them, and the heart that Shelley.
fed; Ozymandias was written by
And on the pedestal, these words appear: the English Romantic poet
My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings; Shelley and was published
Look on my Works, ye Mighty, and despair! in the January 11, 1818
Nothing beside remains. Round the decay issue of The Examiner of
Of that colossal Wreck, boundless and bare London
The lone and level sands stretch far away.”
● Romantic architecture became popular from the mid- to
late-19th century. It was strongly influenced by romanticism in
literature, particularly the historical novels of Victor Hugo and
Walter Scott.
● Notable examples include the completion of Cologne
Cathedral in Germany by Karl Friedrich Schinkel, the Royal
Pavilion in Brighton by John Nash, and Hameau de la Reine
by royal architect Richard Mique. [Link]
NAME:_____________________________
One Romantic Look
Based on the facts you read, color the box of the paintings influenced
by Romanticism.
How do you distinguish
Romanticism art from
other art movements?
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
__________________
ROMANTICISM WORKSHEETS [Link]
Answer Key
One Romantic Look
Based on the facts you read, color the box of the paintings influenced
by Romanticism.
Minimalism
How do you distinguish
Romanticism art from
other art movements?
_______________________
Fauvism _______________________ Pop Art
_______________________
_______________________
__________________
Realism
Realism
Pop Art
ROMANTICISM WORKSHEETS [Link]
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[Link]