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Internal Combustion Engine Performance

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
8 views9 pages

Internal Combustion Engine Performance

Uploaded by

movies2488
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ME301 Energy Systems I

Pranav Joshi
Dept. of Mech. Engg., IIT Kanpur

Aug-Dec 2025
Internal Combustion Engines

Performance parameters
Engine performance parameters

Chemical energy 𝐸 Indicated power 𝑖𝑝 Brake power 𝑏𝑝

Thermal losses Frictional power 𝑓𝑝

𝑖𝑝 𝑖𝑝
Indicated thermal efficiency 𝜂𝑖,𝑡ℎ = =
𝐸/𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑚ሶ × 𝐶𝑉

𝑏𝑝
Brake thermal efficiency 𝜂𝑏,𝑡ℎ =
𝑚ሶ × 𝐶𝑉

𝑏𝑝 𝜂𝑏,𝑡ℎ
Mechanical efficiency 𝜂𝑚 = =
𝑖𝑝 𝜂𝑖,𝑡ℎ
Engine performance parameters

𝑚ሶ 𝑎 /𝜌𝑎,𝑖 “Breathing ability”


Volumetric efficiency: 𝜂𝑣 =
𝑉𝑑 (𝑁/2)

𝜌𝑎,𝑖 = inlet air density (atmospheric/inlet manifold)

𝑟𝑝𝑚 N/2 inductions per


𝑁=
60 second in 4S engine

Meaningful only for 4S engines

Note: volume of air and not of air-fuel mixture

Actual thermal efficiency


Relative efficiency (or efficiency ratio): 𝜂𝑟𝑒𝑙 =
Air standard efficiency
Engine performance parameters

Mean effective pressure 𝒑𝒎 or mep


𝑖𝑝
Indicated mep: 𝑝𝑖𝑚 = 𝑝𝑖𝑚 𝐴𝐿𝑛𝐾 = 𝑖𝑝
𝐴𝐿𝑛𝐾
𝑛 = # power strokes per second
𝐾 = # cylinders

Area of the indicator diagram 𝑊


𝑝𝑖𝑚 = =
Length of the indicator diagram 𝐴𝐿

𝑏𝑝
Brake mep: 𝑝𝑏𝑚 =
𝐴𝐿𝑛𝐾

Mean piston speed: 𝑠𝑝ҧ = 2𝐿𝑁 𝑁 = rev/s


Engine performance parameters

𝑏𝑝 𝑝𝑏𝑚 𝐴𝐿𝑛𝐾
Specific power output 𝑃𝑠 = = = 𝑝𝑏𝑚 𝐿𝑛𝐾
𝐴 𝐴
𝑃𝑠 ∝ 𝑝𝑏𝑚 𝑠𝑝ҧ 𝑛 = # power strokes per second

fuel consumed per unit time 1


Specific fuel consumption (sfc): 𝑠𝑓𝑐 = ∝
power 𝜂𝑡ℎ
𝑚ሶ 𝑓
Indicated sfc: 𝑖𝑠𝑓𝑐 =
𝑖𝑝
𝑚ሶ 𝑓
Brake sfc: 𝑏𝑠𝑓𝑐 =
𝑏𝑝

𝑚ሶ 𝑎
Air-fuel ratio (𝐴/𝐹): 𝐴/𝐹 =
𝑚ሶ 𝑓
Engine performance parameters

Example problem:

Fuel
T
N
Engine performance parameters
Engine performance parameters

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