Problem No.
3(Paired t-test/two correlated random sample that is two
samples are not independent and the samples are paired together )
The following table shows the mean number of bacterial colonies per
plate obtained by four slightly different methods from soil samples taken
at 4 p.m. and 8 p.m. respectively.
Methods A B C D
4 p.m 29.75 27.50 30.25 27.80
Time
8 p.m 39.20 40.60 36.20 42.40
Are there significantly more bacteria at 8 p.m. than at 4 p.m.?
Solution to the Problem no.2
Here, 𝐻0 : 𝜇𝑑 = 𝜇𝑋 − 𝜇𝑦 = 0 𝑖. 𝑒. , 𝐻0 : 𝜇𝑥 = 𝜇𝑦
𝐻1 : 𝜇𝑥 ≠ 𝜇𝑦
𝑑ത
The required test statistic is t = with (n-1) d.f.
𝑠𝑑 / 𝑛
Here, we have n=4, 𝑑ҧ =10.78 and 𝑠𝑑 = 3.88
𝑑ത
The required test statistic is t= with (n-1) d.f.
𝑠𝑑 / 𝑛
10.78
= with 3 d.f. = 5.56 with 3 d.f.
3.88/2
Comment: The critical value of t at 5% level of significance with 3d.f. is 3.182,
the calculated value is more than the critical value. Hence, we reject the null
hypothesis.
• To calculate sample variance we need the following table.
Methods 4 p.m. (X) 8 p.m. (Y) d = Y-X 𝑑2
A 29.8 39.2 9.45 89.30
B 27.5 40.6 13.10 171.61
C 30.3 36.2 5.95 35.40
D 27.8 42.4 14.60 213.16
σ 𝑑 = 43.10 σ 𝑑 2 = 509.48
σ 𝑑 43.10
ഥ
𝑑 = = = 10.78
𝑛 4
1 (σ 𝑑 )2 1 (43.10)2
𝑠𝑑 = σ 𝑑2 − = 509.48 − = 3.88
(𝑛−1) 𝑛 3 4