D E N K A

E R
Elastomer Copolymerized from Ethylene Vinyl Aceteate and Acrylic Esters

Characteristics of DENKA ER
DENKA ER, developed originally by Denki Kagaku Kogyo K. K. is an elastomer
copolymerized from ethylene, vinyl acetate and acrylic esters. It is a quiet special
elastomer having excellent heat resistance and oil resistance.

-(-CH2-CH2-)l-(-CH2-CH-)m-(-CH2-CH-)n-(R)-
｜ ｜ ｜
O C=O X
O=C-R O-R
ethylene vinyl acetate acrylate cure site

In present application, rubber parts are used to the newest automobile, in severe
conditions and complex deteriorating factors cause lower durability than expected.
DENKA ER has an extremely excellent resistance to cyclic deterioration against to
heat/ozone or heat/oil aging combined. DENKA ER has the performance that has
such a requirement it meets. DENKA ER is suitable for the rubber parts required
the highest cost and performance.
Table.1 shows typical 9 kinds of the synthetic rubber, rated approximately in
weathering resistance, heat resistance, lubricant oil resistance, complex aging
resistance and low temperature resistance.

Perform ance in com parison with Synthetic Rubbers

Lubricant Oil Resistance Cyclic Aging Low
Weather Heat Resistance
Rubber JIS No.1 Engine Temperature
Resistance Resistance Oil & Heat
Test Oil Oil Resistance

DENKA V V V V V G

ER
ACM V V V V P G
AEM V V V V P G
High Nitril P F V F － G
NBR
ECO V G V P － V
Q V E V F － E
FKM V E V V － F
CSM G G V F － G
CR F F V F － G
* E; Excellent > V; Very good > G; Good > F; Fair > P; Poor, － ; Out of
Com parison
* JIS No.1 Test Oil： sim ilar to ASTM No.1 Oil
* Engine Oil： M obil 1 / SAE 5W -40, API Service SJ/CD

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D E N K A E R
Elastomer Copolymerized from Ethylene Vinyl Aceteate and Acrylic Esters

Raw property of DENKA ER

DENKA ER has the six kinds in its grade, which the viscosity of each grade is
adjusted to the range of 35 - 50 in consideration of processing in the rubber parts
manufacture.
Fore kinds has the epoxy base cure site, that its cure speed isn't so fast, and two
kinds has the carboxyl base cure site that this is so fast as curing site.
The raw form is in bale and the color is light yellow. DENKA ER is packed with
25Kgs craft paper bag.

Raw Property of DENKA ER

M ooney Volatile M atter
Type Cure Site
Viscosity ％
ER-3400 Epoxy 36 – 44 1% ≧
ER-5300 Epoxy 44 – 52 1% ≧
ER-8401 Epoxy 36 – 41 1% ≧
ANX-3 Epoxy 41 – 49 1% ≧
ER A403 Carboxyl 41 – 49 1% ≧
ER A804 Carboxyl 36 – 44 1% ≧
＊ M ooney Viscosity： M L 1+4 at 100℃

Heat & Oil Resistance of DENKA ER

DENKA ER is designed so that the use to be taken a severe durability may
respond. In other words, it prepares for the grade that can cope with the various
requirement of the severe durability.
DENKA ER has the grade for the use that the durability from high temperature to
low temperature is taken seriously it meets, in addition more for the use that the
durability to oil is taken much seriously most it meets, too.
Moreover, DENKA ER has the A series with the fast curing speed, as well which
compression durability is excellent in. Though it is of course, enough the high
temperature durability of DENKA ER is kept.
DENKA ER be able to find on the figure with in standing higher heat durability
and selectable uses for contacted lubricant use in order to oil resistance
Approxim ately enduring Tem perature Range and Oil-Resistance
Oil Resistance,
Enduring Temperature
Volume Change, %
Grade
IRM 903 ATF
-40℃ -30℃ -20℃ 125℃ 150℃ 175℃ 200℃ 150℃,70h 150℃,70h
ER-3400 0 - 10 0
ER-5300 20 - 30 5 - 15
ER-8401 60 - 70 15 - 25
ANX-3 30 - 40 5 - 15

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D E N K A E R
Elastomer Copolymerized from Ethylene Vinyl Aceteate and Acrylic Esters
ER A403 20 - 30 0 - 10
ER A804 45 – 55 10 - 20
IRM 903 ; New Lubricant Test Oil equivalent to ASTM No. 3 Oil
ATF ; Autom atic Transm ission Fluid

Volume  Change  in  IRM903  %

0
| 10
| 20
| 30
| 40
| 50
| 60
| 70
| 80
|
200 -
Endurable  Temperature,  ℃

180 - A403 A804

ANX3
5300 8401
AEM

160 - ACM

3400

140 -

ECO CSM

120 -
NBR CR

5300
Brittleness  Temperature    ℃

-‐‑‒20.0 - A403

ACM
3400
-‐‑‒30.0 - ANX3 8401

A804
(AEM)

-‐‑‒40.0 - CSM

CR

-‐‑‒50.0 -

| | | | | | | | |
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Volume  Change  on  IRM903  %

Heat & Oil Resistance M ap

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D E N K A E R
Elastomer Copolymerized from Ethylene Vinyl Aceteate and Acrylic Esters

Characteristic and Uses of DENKA ER

Grade Characteristics Uses
3400 ・ The most excellent in Oil Resistance, with superior
durability to Sour Gasoline, so suitable for rubber
parts used incorporated with Automotive Fuel Fuel parts
System. Hose
・ In a fuel resistance comparable to that of High- Nitrile Oil Seal
Rubber, with superior durability to Sour Gasoline.
・
5300 ・ Heat Resistance up to 175 ℃ with comparatively
balanced performance in Oil Resistance & Low
Temperature Durability.
・ Suitable to the rubber parts used under stringent
conditions especially requiring Heat & Oil Resistance,
i.e., under cyclic aging exposed at high temperature
within oil immersion.
・
8401 ・ General Purpose type. Oil Cooler Hose
・ Heat Resistance & Low Temperature Durability is the Air Duct Hose
most balanced. Oil Resistance at the level comparable Hose Cover
to Chloroprene Rubber. Gasket
・ Suitable to the rubber parts used under severe cyclic Packing Seal
aging condition required Heat Resistance & Low
Temperature Durability.
・
ANX-3 ・ Oil Resistance & Low Temperature Durability is most
balanced.
・ This type is also superior to Heat Resistance, and used
to any other rubber parts.
・
A403 ・ Excellent Compression Durability in order to have
the fast curing speed, so suitable for molding rubber
parts.
・ More excellent in the Heat Resistance than DENKA
ER 8401, because of a most stable cured structure.
・ Heat Resistance with the high level performance
following Silicone Rubber, reaches more than 175℃.
・ Designed so that it can use for the molding rubber
parts required with the advanced Oil Resistance.
・ Oil Cooler Hose
Air Duct Hose
A804 ・ Excellent Compression Durability in order to have
Oil Seal
the fast curing speed and the tight cured structure, so
Gasket
suitable for molding rubber parts.
Packing Seal
・ More excellent in the Heat Resistance than DENKA
ER 8401, because of a most stable cured structure.
・ Heat Resistance with the high level performance
following Silicone Rubber, reaches more than + 175℃.
・ Designed so that it can use for the molding rubber
parts required with the Low Temperature Durability,
kept rubber-like elasticity at approximate -40℃ for a
long time.

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D E N K A E R
Elastomer Copolymerized from Ethylene Vinyl Aceteate and Acrylic Esters

Compounding and Processing

In according to design the selection of the applicable ingredients and a formulation
in DENKA ER, it is easily processed same as the other rubber material with the
ordinal rubber processing machines.

Compounding Formulation

! Recommendable Cure System

A designing of the vulcanizing ingredient is the cardinal technology that the
character of the rubber product is decided as. The cure system was developed to
make the most suitable for DENKA ER from many experiment data An individual
our own cure system will be recommended based on this researching.
In the utility rubber parts production, it is encouraged to design it referring to our
prescription example.
Ａbout the curing method of DENKA ER, the two steps method is suitable as a
cure method equally with the general acrylic rubber. The press vulcanization or
the steam curing is adopted as the first step method, and the air oven cure or the
steam oven cure is used for the second step is suitable.

Exam ple of curing form ulation for Epoxy Grade

Ingredient Amount & Comment
CN-25; 1-Cyanoethyl-2-Methyl Imidazole ( 25% in Filler) 2.0 phr
Sodium Laurylsulfate 1.0 phr
Ammonium Benzoate 0.3 phr
Evaluation of; Safety for scorching Good
Stability of Stocked Compound Very good
Cure rate Fair Slow
Heat-resistance Very good
Compression Set Very good
*CN-25 is developed and patented by DENKA

Exam ple of curing form ulation for Carboxyl Grade

Ingredient Amount & Comment
KA-4; 2,2’-bis[4-(4-Aminophenoxy)Phenyl] Propane 1.0 phr －
Hexa-Methylene di-Amine Carbamate － 0.6 phr
DOTG; 1,3-di-ortho-Tolyl Guanidine 1.0 phr 1.5 phr
Stearyl Amine 0.3 phr 0.3 phr
Evaluation of; Safety for scorching Good Fair
Stability of Stocked Compound Very good Good
Cure rate Fast Excellent Fast
Heat-resistance Very good Very good
Compression Set Very good Very good
*KA-4 is developed and patented by DENKA

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D E N K A E R
Elastomer Copolymerized from Ethylene Vinyl Aceteate and Acrylic Esters

! Stearic Acid for Prevention of Stickiness

DENKA ER is slightly sticky to roll and it is a necessity to add stearic acid 1.0phr
or over as processing aid in the formulating.
In case of roll mixing, the surface temperature of roll is adjusted especially
important at around 50℃.
If the raw rubber shall be mixed directly with an open roll, in advance the stearic
acid may be blended with the raw rubber. Firstly stearic acid shall be mixed in a
raw rubber, after then cut back shall be down.
The compounding can be done with a kneader or an internal mixer, in this case the
stearic acid shall be added together with the reinforcing agent such as carbon
black and plasticizer.
The stearic acid sufficiently dispersed in the compound releases the roll stickiness
and the smoother roll mixing can be obtained.
! Combination of Liquid Paraffin with Stearic Acid
In case of high stickiness formulation or smoother roll mixing required, the
addition of lower viscosity liquid paraffin in amount of 1 – 3phr to do better
lubricating effects of stearic acid and better processability can be obtained.
! Addition of Stearyl Amine for Safety Processing
For DENKA ER A-series to need of the higher viscosity compound or the
smoothest processing without a scorch trouble, the addition of stearyl amine in
amount of 0.2 - 0.5phr is suggested.
However that quantity is desirable that it doesn't exceed 0.5phr, because stearyl
amine has a tendency to retard the curing speed of A-Series too much.

Processing

! Compounding with Internal Mixing Machine

By the formulation with Stearic Acid, Liquid Paraffin and Stearyl Amine DENKA
ER can be mixed smoothly under the same condition as other synthetic rubber,
but the temperature of machine rotor in the step of discharge is suggested over
60℃ to make smoothly dumping from the outlet.
! Dump Temperature Suggestion without Curing Agent
Even if DENKA ER has a stable chemical structure, the dump temperature of the
compound mixed without curing agents is desirable under 150℃ in order to keep
a securable processing and in order to accomplish the safety dumping.
! Mixing Temperature and Processing with Curing Agent
The compound with curing agents is generally tendency to be scorch under high
temperature. For the prevention of the scorch trouble under compounding DENKA
ER, it is necessary to be controlled the mixing temperature under 110℃ through
compounding. As the best processing, it is compounding with open roll.
When an internal type mixer cannot but be used, the two-stage compounding is
suggested. At first stage DENKA ER is compounded with lubricant, carbon and
plasticizer and cooling out of chamber, without curing agents, after then desirably
add the curing agents.

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D E N K A E R
Elastomer Copolymerized from Ethylene Vinyl Aceteate and Acrylic Esters

! Extrusion
Within the ordinary temperature range at die head is suitable between from 90℃
to 110℃, without big variance in extruding the rate of volume, and the die swelling,
stable good extruded unvulcanizate can be obtained.
The fluidity of DENKA ER compound does not depend on temperature. As for the
extruded profile form hardly change while cured in the oven. It is good
characteristics of DENKA ER that can be maintained the good profile of final
product.

! Injection Molding
DENKA ER A-Series is improved on a cure speed and can be used for molding
parts using injection machine.
Suitable curing condition of A-Series is at approximate 170℃ during 5min. to
10min.. The molding temperature is increased more, and it is possible that curing
time is made fast, too.

Car Hose

Boots

Gasket

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 D E N K A E R
Elastomer Copolymerized from Ethylene Vinyl Aceteate and Acrylic Esters

Summary of Properties DENKA ER [ Epoxy Type ]

ER-3400 ER-5300 ER-8401 ANX-3

Unvulcanized Compound
Mooney Viscosity ML1+4 at 100℃ 50 52 50 60
Scorch 5 points rise Time Min. 29 27 24 21
with ML at 125℃.
Vulcanizates; Primary Curing at 170℃, 20 min. in Press, Post Curing at 170℃, 4 hrs in Air Oven
100% Modulus Mpa 3.7 5.4 5.5 3.7
Tensile Strength (TB) MPa 11.9 14.9 12.0 11.7
Elongation (EB) % 270 250 190 250
Hardness Shore-A 66 78 70 61
Compression Set
at 150℃ after 70hr % 46 27 28 28
Oil Resistance; immersed in at 150℃ after 70hr
Vol. Change in IRM903 % ＋4 ＋26 ＋64 +37
Vol. Change ASTM#1 % ‐3 ＋2 ＋18 ＋3
Vol. Change in Engine Oil % ＋0 ＋11 ＋24 ＋0
Vol. Change in ATF Oil % ＋0 ＋8 ＋21 ＋0
Low Temperature Properties
Brittleness Point at 50% failure ℃ ‐28 ‐15 ‐31 ‐28
Gehman’s Stiffness Temperature
T2 ℃ ‐11 ‐5 ‐16 ‐11
T5 ℃ ‐20 ‐12 ‐25 ‐20
T10 ℃ ‐23 ‐15 ‐28 ‐23
T100 ℃ ‐32 ‐23 ‐36 ‐32
Heat Resistance at 150℃ in Air Oven after 70hr
Retained TB % 107 102 98 103
Retained EB % 67 84 79 80
Change of Hardness Shore-A ＋6 ＋3 ＋4 ＋5
Heat resistance at 175℃ in Air Oven after 70hr
Retained TB % 103 93 102 97
Retained EB % 63 80 79 76
Change of Hardness Shore-A ＋9 ＋3 ＋4 ＋6
【Formulation】 phr
DENKA ER 100
Stearic Acid 1
Liquid Paraffin1) 1
Substituted diphenylamine 1
MAF Carbon 50
CN-252) 2
Sodium Laurylsufate 1
Ammonium Benzoate 0.3
1) Mixture of saturated hydrocarbons
2) 1-Cyanoethyl-2-methyl imidazole

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 D E N K A E R
Elastomer Copolymerized from Ethylene Vinyl Aceteate and Acrylic Esters

Summary of Properties DENKA ER [ A-Series ]

ER-A403 ER-A804
Unvulcanized Compound
Mooney Viscosity ML1+4 at 100℃ 58 54
Scorch 5 points rise Time Min. 16 11
with ML at 125℃.
Vulcanizates; Primary Curing at 170℃, 20 min. in Press, Post Curing at 170℃, 4 hr in Air Oven
100% Modulus Mpa 5.6 5.6
Tensile Strength (TB) MPa 11.0 9.4
Elongation (EB) % 210 160
Hardness Shore-A 70 64
Compression Set
at 150℃ after 70hr % 9 12
Oil Resistance; immersed in at 150℃ after 70hr
Volume Change in IRM903 % ＋22 ＋49
Volume Change ASTM#1 % ‐1 ＋3
Volume Change in Engine Oil % ＋5 ＋15
Volume Change in ATF Oil % ＋6 ＋16
Low Temperature Properties
Brittleness Point at 50% failure ℃ ‐19 ‐35
Gehman’s Stiffness Temperature
T2 ℃ ‐6 ‐19
T5 ℃ ‐15 ‐29
T10 ℃ ‐18 ‐32
T100 ℃ ‐26 ‐40
Heat Resistance at 150℃ in Air Oven after 70hr
Retained TB % 95 102
Retained EB % 86 106
Change of Hardness Shore-A ＋2 ＋5
Heat resistance at 175℃ in Air Oven after 70hr
Retained TB % 92 89
Retained EB % 100 106
Change of Hardness Shore-A ＋2 ＋4
【Formulation】 phr
DENKA ER 100
Stearic Acid 1
Liquid Paraffin 1) 1
Stearyl Amine 0.3
Substituted diphenylamine 1
MAF Carbon 50
KA-42) 1
DOTG3) 1
1) Mixture of saturated hydrocarbons
2)2,2’bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl] propane
3)1,3-Di-ortho-tolyl guanidine

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D E N K A E R
Elastomer Copolymerized from Ethylene Vinyl Aceteate and Acrylic Esters

Characteristics of DENKA ER A-Series

DENKA ER A-Series, A-403 and A-804 is improved on a cure speed with holding
the specialty performance of the DENKA ER. The curing curve of the DENKA ER
A-Series is so far by the comparison with the general-purpose grade, as shown
below. DENKA ER A-series makes it possible to use not only for injection in
requirement with short curing processing, but also for press molding parts.

Curing Curve for DEN KA ER A-series

The most superior characteristics of DENKA ER A-series is in the point which

durability against the compressed deformation under the high temperature
circumstance.
DENKA ER A-series is the most suitable for the car parts such as Oil seal,
Air-Duct Hose and Oil-pan gasket.

100
C om pression S et at 175℃、％

80
at  175℃
after 7 0H r
after 1 44H r
60 after 2 88H r
after 5 00H r

40

20

0
ER A 804 ER A 403 ER 8401as ref.

H igh Tem perature Com pression Set of Rapid Curing Type DEN KA
ER

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