Bachelor of Science in Industrial Technology

BSIT Res. No ____

Date:_______

i
 EVALUATING THE FUNCTIONALITY AND USER EXPERIENCE OF AN
ECO-FRIENDLY SOLAR-POWERED SPRINKLER FOR INDOOR
HOUSEHOLD TEMPERATURE CONTROL

KIERL D. CANIEL

SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY

SULTAN KUDARAT STATE UNIVERSITY
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY

Electronics

DECEMBER 2025

ii
 TRANSMITTAL

The undergraduate thesis attached hereto entitled “EVALUATING THE

FUNCTIONALITY AND USER EXPERIENCE OF AN ECO-FRIENDLY SOLAR-
POWERED SPRINKLER FOR INDOOR HOUSEHOLD TEMPERATURE CONTROL”
prepared and submitted by KIERL D. CANIEL, in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree Bachelor of Science in Industrial Technology is hereby endorsed for
approval.

JONATHAN VALDEZ CYRIL JOHN A. DOMINGO, [Link].

Adviser College Dean

__________________________ ____________________________
Date Signed Date Signed

ELMER C. BUENAVIDES, DIT

Campus Research Coordinator

____________________
Date Signed

Accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of

Science in Industrial Technology Major in Electronics.

MARY LYNN G. BAGBANUA, PhD.

Campus Director

_________________

iii
 Date Signed
APPROVAL SHEET

The undergraduate thesis attached hereto entitled “EVALUATING THE

FUNCTIONALITY AND USER EXPERIENCE OF AN ECO-FRIENDLY SOLAR-
POWERED SPRINKLER FOR INDOOR HOUSEHOLD TEMPERATURE CONTROL”
prepared and submitted by KIERL D. CANIEL, for the degree of Bachelor of Science in
Industrial Technology Major in Electronics has passed the standards set by the Sultan
Kudarat State University and was successfully defended before this guidance
committee.

_________________________ ____________________________
Member Member

__________________________ ____________________________
Date Signed Date Signed

JONATHAN VALDEZ
Adviser

____________________
Date Signed

Approved as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of

Science in Industrial Technology Major in Electronics.

CYRIL JOHN A. DOMINGO, [Link]. ELMER C. BUENAVIDES, DIT

College Dean Campus Research Coordinator

__________________________ ____________________________
Date Signed Date Signed

MARY LYNN G. MAGBANUA, PhD.

Campus Director

iv
 ____________________
Date Signed
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
Name: KIERL D. CANIEL
Address: New Panay Esperanza Sultan Kudarat

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Date of Birth: July 6, 2003
Place of Birth: New Panay Esperanza Sultan Kudarat
Age: 21
Father's Name: Ernie P. Caniel
Mother's Name: Claire [Link]
Religion: Catholic
Civil Status: Single
Nationality: Filipino
Dialect: Illonggo
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

(2022 – Present) Sultan Kudarat States University - Isulan Campus

BSIT Major In Electronics
(2019 – 2021) New Panay National High School
(2015 – 2019) New Panay National High School
(2009 – 2015) Guiamalia Elementary School

v
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE ii
TRANSMITTAL iii
APPROVAL SHEET iv
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA v
TABLE OF CONTENTS vi
LIST OF FIGURES viii
CHAPTER
I INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study 1
Objectives 2
Significance of the Study 3
Scope and Delimitation 4
Definition of Terms 5
II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Water Dispersion Efficiency 8

Sensor Responsiveness to Indoor Temperature 10

Changes
System Reliability During Operation 12

Usability and User Experience 13

Synthesis 15

Conceptual Framework 15

III METHODOLOGY
Research Design 17
Locale of the Study 17
Respondents of the Study 18
Sampling Procedure 19
Data Gathering Procedures 19
Data Gathering Instruments 20
Statistical Tools 20
References vi 22
Appendices
A Research Instrument 25
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page
1 Conceptual Framework of the Study 16

2 Location Map of the Study 18

vii
 Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Innovative, sustainable technologies are now crucial in a time when climate

change affects everyday comfort and energy usage. Solar-powered devices have

become dependable options for energy conservation and environmental control all

across the world (International Renewable Energy Agency [IRENA], 2023). Solar-

powered automatic irrigation and cooling systems are becoming more and more

common among these technologies because of their economical and environmentally

beneficial qualities. This project aims to further enhance localized indoor environments

through practical and user-centered innovations, in keeping with worldwide initiatives to

adopt green technologies.

The Department of Energy's support of solar projects in both urban and rural

areas is proof that the Philippines is still pushing for sustainable development and the

integration of renewable energy on a national level (DOE, 2022). However, indoor use

and human interaction have received little attention in the adaptation and evaluation of

functional instruments like automated sprinklers, which have mostly been focused on

agricultural applications. As a result, research on their usability and design is required in

indoor residential or educational settings where temperature control is crucial but

frequently disregarded.

There have been more local initiatives to support energy-efficient home solutions

and green living, especially in Sultan Kudarat. Isulan has just started a number of

barangay-level eco-awareness initiatives to lower energy use and promote sustainable

home habits, according to an article published by the Philippine News Agency (PNA,

2023). Solar-powered sprinklers are one example of a technical intervention that has

not yet been thoroughly investigated in local households and institutions. Gaining insight

into how such a technology works and how consumers interact with it might promote its

uptake and advancement.

The efficacy and sustained use of gadgets are determined by their functionality

and user experience. Designing technology that has an impact requires striking a

balance between functional performance and enjoyable user experiences, as

highlighted by Hassenzahl (2010). By evaluating end users' perceptions of the solar-

powered sprinkler system's usability, responsiveness, and convenience, this study

expands on that concept. It also looks into whether the device can control temperature

as planned without sacrificing usability.

Therefore, the goal of this study is to assess the functionality, usability, and user

satisfaction of a solar-powered sprinkler that is environmentally friendly and designed

for indoor temperature regulation in homes. The purpose of the study is to shed light on

how the system operates normally and how users engage with it while it is in use.

Future versions of design with a greater emphasis on user experience will be guided by

this evaluation, which will also serve as a foundation for system enhancement.

Objectives

This study aims to assess the functional performance and user experience of the

developed eco-friendly solar-powered sprinkler system. Specifically, it seeks to answer

the following questions:

2
 1. Evaluate the level of functionality of the solar-powered sprinkler system in terms

of:

a. Water dispersion efficiency;

b. Sensor responsiveness to indoor temperature changes;

c. System reliability during operation?

2. Evaluate the usability of the sprinkler system in terms of:

a. Ease of operation;

b. Interface intuitiveness (if applicable);

c. Overall satisfaction with the system?

3. Determine the issues encountered by users during the operation of the solar-

powered sprinkler system?

Significance of the Study

This study will be undertaken to evaluate the functionality and user experience of

an eco-friendly solar-powered sprinkler for indoor household temperature control. It

aims to provide meaningful insight into how the device performs in real-life settings and

how users interact with its features. The findings of this study will be beneficial to the

following:

Homeowners and Consumers. This study will help users understand how

effective and easy-to-use the solar-powered sprinkler is in controlling indoor household

temperature. It may assist them in assessing the practicality, usability, and reliability of

the product, influencing their decisions in adopting green home technologies.

Environmental Advocates. The research may serve as evidence that

sustainable innovations can not only contribute to environmental preservation but also

3
offer a positive and user-friendly experience. Insights from this study may encourage

stronger support for eco-friendly technologies that are accessible and comfortable to

use.

Product Developers and Engineers. The results of the study may provide

important feedback on system design, user interface, and overall functionality. This

information could help in refining future iterations of similar products and in integrating

user-centered design principles in sustainable innovations.

School Administrators and Academic Institutions. This study may inspire

institutions to adopt functional, energy-efficient systems within their campuses. It may

also be used as a learning reference for design thinking, engineering usability studies,

and renewable energy innovations.

Future Researchers. This study will offer foundational data for those wishing to

investigate usability, ergonomic efficiency, or functional enhancements in green

technologies. It may serve as a model for conducting user-experience-based

evaluations of sustainable devices.

Scope and Delimitation

The purpose of this study is to describe the operation and user experience of a

solar-powered sprinkler system that is environmentally friendly and controls indoor

temperature. The system's water dispersion efficiency, sensor responsiveness,

operational dependability, usability, interface design (if applicable), user happiness, and

any problems that may arise during operation are the main areas of focus. Survey

questionnaires will be the main instrument used to gather data for the evaluation, which

will be carried out in a few indoor locations in Isulan, Sultan Kudarat. Purposively

4
selected people with rudimentary knowledge of using domestic equipment will be the

responders. Long-term durability testing and comparisons with commercial systems are

not included in this study, which is restricted to short-term user evaluation.

Definition of Terms

To have a clearer understanding of the variables used in the study, the following

terms are defined conceptually and operationally:

Functionality. The variety of actions that can be carried out on a system and the

efficiency with which it accomplishes its intended objectives are conceptually referred to

as functionality (Oxford Dictionary, 2023). Operationally, this refers to the efficiency with

which the environmentally friendly sprinkler system driven by solar energy regulates

temperature, distributes water, and uses solar energy.

User Experience. From a conceptual standpoint, user experience (UX) includes

the feelings, thoughts, and responses that an individual has when utilizing a system,

product, or service (Norman & Nielsen, 2021). Operationally speaking, this describes

how users engage with the solar-powered sprinkler system, including their comfort level,

perceived utility, ease of use, and pleasure.

Eco-Friendly. According to the Cambridge Dictionary (2024), eco-friendly

products are those that do not negatively impact the environment and encourage

resource conservation. The sprinkler's solar-powered component, which lessens

dependency on energy and promotes environmental sustainability, is operationally

referred to here.

Solar-Powered Sprinkler. In theory, a solar-powered sprinkler is an apparatus

that runs a system that cools or irrigates a particular region using solar energy

5
(GreenTech Innovations, 2022). Operationally, it refers to the study's prototype, which

powers an interior temperature-regulating sprinkler with solar energy.

Indoor Temperature Control. The idea behind indoor temperature control is to

use different heating or cooling systems to keep the air temperature within a building at

a comfortable level (ASHRAE, 2023). From an operational standpoint, this refers to the

solar-powered sprinkler's capacity to use water dispersion to help lower room

temperature.

Satisfaction. According to Kotler and Keller (2021), satisfaction is a concept that

quantifies how satisfied a user is with a product based on their expectations and the

product's performance. Operationally, this is the degree of satisfaction consumers

report following their use of the sprinkler prototype.

System Responsiveness. According to ISO/IEC 25010:2023, responsiveness is

the system's ability to respond quickly and effectively to user orders or external stimuli.

Operationally, it describes the speed at which temperature variations cause the sprinkler

system to activate or modify its spraying function.

Ease of Use. From a conceptual standpoint, this describes how easy a product

is to use with little guidance or effort (Nielsen, 2022). Operationally speaking, this refers

to how simple it is for users to set up, start, and shut down the solar-powered sprinkler.

Sustainable Technology. The idea behind sustainable technology is to reduce

its negative effects on the environment and encourage long-term resource efficiency

(UNEP, 2022). Operationally, this means that the sprinkler incorporates water-saving

technologies and solar panels for environmentally friendly indoor cooling.

6
 Prototype. According to Ulrich and Eppinger (2020), a prototype is an early

sample or model used to evaluate a concept or procedure. In terms of operation, this

relates to the first functional model of the solar-powered sprinkler that was created and

examined for this study.

7
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

The researcher provides a review of related material pertinent to comprehension

and clarity of the topic under consideration. These are based on the findings of several

studies related to this research and consist of a combination of books, theses, and

studies from the internet written by both foreign and local authors.

Water Dispersion Efficiency

Water dispersion efficiency is an important factor in assessing the performance of

solar-powered sprinkler systems, particularly in agriculture and residential uses. These

types of systems are highly dependent on solar renewable energy, and their

performance in water distribution evenly and efficiently can have a great bearing on

their overall performance and sustainability. Therefore, many studies have centered on

making sense of factors influencing water dispersion and suggesting innovations to

improve it.

Garcia et al. (2023) highlighted the need for incorporating adaptive nozzle

systems capable of varying water flow in line with the level of solar energy available.

The study established that such adaptive features enabled the sprinklers to dynamically

regulate water output, regardless of low sunlight conditions. This technology feature

improves water-use efficiency by conserving water and sustaining efficient irrigation

against changing solar conditions.

Hwang et al. (2022) built on this by analyzing the role of nozzle attributes in

dispersion. They found that the diameter and inclination of the nozzle, as well as solar

panel orientation, determine the uniformity of water distribution. They argued that the

8
integration of adjustable nozzles into system designs is capable of greatly enhancing

dispersion efficiency, offering important input for the development of solar-powered

sprinkler technologies.

Apart from system design, environmental factors also affect water spreading.

Nguyen et al. (2021) recognized wind velocity and temperature as significant external

factors likely to interfere with uniform irrigation. Their study emphasized the need for

calibrating sprinkler systems to suit variable environmental parameters, thus

maintaining optimum performance in varied outdoor environments.

Wang et al. (2024) carried out a comparison study of conventional and solar-

powered sprinkler irrigation systems. Their results illustrated the capability of solar-

powered sprinklers to compete or even surpass the efficiency of conventional irrigation

systems in water-use efficiency when they are fitted with effective dispersion

mechanisms. This comparison highlights the ability of solar-powered systems to be a

key player in water conservation efforts, especially for areas that face water scarcity.

Additionally, Thompson and Jackson (2020) explored the impact of solar energy

storage on water dispersion consistency. According to their research, integrated energy

storage systems could keep water production consistent even during low-sunlight

periods. This consistency, aside from improving operational effectiveness, also makes

solar-powered sprinklers more functional under different environmental conditions.

Overall, collectively, the studies reviewed highlight the significance of integrating

smart design, environmental flexibility, and energy management in improving solar-

powered sprinkler systems' water dispersion efficiency. Such improvements are critical

in unlocking the full potential of green irrigation solutions.

9
Sensor Responsiveness to Indoor Temperature Changes

Sensor sensitivity is the key to the working efficacy of indoor temperature-control

solar-powered sprinkler systems. The efficacy of these systems is to a significant extent

reliant on their capacity to sense minute changes in temperature and activate a

response. Consequently, the precision, swiftness, and responsiveness of the onboard

sensors are key factors in ensuring effective and rapid temperature-control

mechanisms.

Zhang et al. (2022) investigated the use of temperature sensors in intelligent

irrigation systems and concluded that sensor responsiveness depended considerably

on both the technological design of the sensor and the power from solar panels. The

research established that highly developed sensors like infrared and thermocouples had

better responsiveness than regular sensors. These sophisticated sensors allowed for

more accurate water output adjustments according to real-time indoor temperature

variation, raising the entire system efficiency and environmental flexibility.

All temperature sensors are not created equal. Lee and Park (2021) researched

the limitations of low-cost sensors used in solar-powered systems and found that

though they were cheaper, they often had delayed responses and were inaccurate—

especially under extreme or varying indoor conditions. The research established that

while being cost-effective, the sensors had compromised system reliability. The

researchers thus recommended the employment of better-quality sensors to guarantee

prompt and precise responses to changes in the environment, particularly in

environments necessitating highly accurate climate control.

10
 Patel et al. (2023) also reinforced the point that sensor responsiveness relies not

only on technology but also on calibration. Their discovery pinpointed the essential use

of routine sensor calibration to ensure reliable temperature sensing in the long term. In

addition, the researchers observed that strategic placement of sensors in the indoor

environment greatly influences the responsiveness of the system. Inadequate

positioning may impede the sensors from sensing localized heat fluctuations, resulting

in inefficient water dispersion and diminished cooling performance.

This being the case, Kim et al. (2024) tested the performance of adaptive

sensors incorporated into solar-powered sprinklers. What their research proved was

that adaptive sensor—those with the ability to modulate their sensitivity according to the

environmental variables around them—greatly enhanced the responsiveness of the

system. Such sensors made it possible to achieve dynamic and more efficient water

output regulation, particularly indoors where temperature gradients could be shifting fast

as a result of occupancy or equipment.

Finally, Adams and Lewis (2020) studied the advantages of having sensor

networks installed in solar-powered systems. From their study, systems incorporating

multiple sensors installed in key areas across an indoor area had superior temperature

tracking functions. The multi-sensor system enabled the system to respond more

accurately and in a timely manner to temperature changes across various zones, thus

maximizing the sprinkler's overall cooling function.

Overall, these studies emphasize the need for high-quality, well-calibrated, and

adaptively integrated sensors to optimize the performance of solar-powered sprinkler

systems. Responsive and accurate sensors not only better control indoor temperatures

11
but also increase energy and water efficiency to make these systems more sustainable

and operational.

System Reliability During Operation

System dependability is a core concern that impacts the long-term sustainability

and widespread take-up of solar-powered sprinkler systems. The capacity of such

systems to function reliably under changing environmental conditions is critical,

particularly in scenarios where unbroken water supply and climate management are

paramount. A number of studies have investigated various aspects of reliability, ranging

from component longevity to sensor functionality and power management.

Sanchez et al. (2021) evaluated the reliability of solar-powered irrigation systems

within agricultural settings, specifically under varied weather conditions. Their work

identified that the systems performed reliably in most cases with high-quality solar

panels and weather-resistant materials. Yet, there were instances of failures due to

irregular solar radiation and system overloading noted by the researchers. These

challenges identify the need for more resilient system designs that tolerate

environmental variations and variable energy input.

In addition to these results, Miller and Thomas (2023) examined the operational

reliability of solar-powered sprinkler systems in agricultural as well as household

contexts. Their study highlighted the utility of power management options—like backup

batteries and energy storage systems—in ensuring steady performance during times of

restricted sunlight. They also noted the significance of regular maintenance as a most

essential practice to avoid operational failure and to assure long-term functionality in the

system.

12
 In another work, Liu et al. (2022) specifically examined the reliability of the

sensor-based control systems in solar-powered sprinklers. Although most systems

performed well, sensor faults and communication errors between sensors and control

devices were seen to greatly disrupt water distribution. To mitigate this problem, the

researchers suggested the use of redundancy systems, which can continue to function

sprinklers even in cases of failure of individual sensors.

Lee et al. (2024) tested the performance of solar-powered sprinkler systems in

indoor urban environments. What they found was that systems installed in more

controlled environments—where temperature and lighting levels are relatively stable—

proved to be more reliable. They also discovered that incorporating energy-saving

components and diagnostic automation features enhanced system stability and

minimized the risk of unscheduled downtime in fluctuating environments.

Finally, Zhang and Wu (2021) investigated the long-term reliability and durability

of solar-powered sprinkler systems for indoor temperature control. Their findings

reported that some system components such as solar panels and water pumps

developed performance degradation after prolonged use because of wear and tear. The

research concluded that high-grade, high-quality materials were required to ensure

extended system life and sustained operational performance.

Together, these investigations make it clear that although solar-powered sprinkler

systems hold high potential for sustainable irrigation and indoor cooling, their reliability

will depend on attention being paid to design integrity, component longevity, power

control, and routine system maintenance. Focusing on these elements will be most

important to ensuring the widespread adoption of such systems across different venues.

13
Usability and User Experience

Usability and overall user experience are crucial in determining the adoption and

success of solar-powered sprinkler systems, especially for indoor temperature control

purposes. A number of studies have investigated how users engage with and perceive

these systems.

A research conducted by Chen et al. (2023) analyzed the usability of solar-

powered systems at home. They reported that users enjoyed the ease of systems with

clear interfaces, including touchscreen buttons and automated modes. But they

identified that intricate setup processes and a lack of explicit instructions impaired user

satisfaction, and that enhancing user instructions would improve overall experience.

Similarly, Patel and Roberts (2022) investigated how interface design affects user

satisfaction in solar-powered irrigation systems. Their results showed that users tended

to adopt systems with intuitive interfaces that enabled them to make rapid adjustments.

The study pointed out the need to design systems with friendly interfaces to enhance

the prospects of mass adoption.

A study by Nguyen et al. in 2021 was centered around users' perceptions of

solar-powered systems for indoor climate control. Their findings indicated that ease of

use was a key driver behind user satisfaction. Users preferred systems that were

minimally input-intensive but still provided effective outcomes. The study highlighted the

importance of automatic functionality to limit user cognitive loads.

Lee and Kim, in their 2024 study, compared the satisfaction levels of users who

used solar-powered systems in urban dwellings. They discovered that the primary

determining factor for user satisfaction was that the system would provide a constant

14
indoor temperature with minimal energy use. Users also enjoyed the responsiveness of

the system to ambient temperature changes, with them observing that it made the living

space more comfortable.

Finally, Yang et al. (2020) analyzed the overall user experience of solar-powered

temperature control systems. They reported that most users were satisfied with the

performance of the system but suggested enhancement of ease in maintenance and

troubleshooting. The research indicated that offering users improved support services,

e.g., comprehensive guides and customer support, would enhance the overall

experience.

Synthesis

The literature reviewed provides valuable insights into the design, functionality,

and user experience of eco-friendly solar-powered sprinkler systems. The studies

emphasize the importance of optimizing water dispersion, ensuring sensor

responsiveness, and maintaining system reliability to enhance performance. Moreover,

user experience plays a crucial role in the adoption and satisfaction with these systems,

underscoring the need for intuitive interfaces, ease of operation, and reliable support

services. The findings of this review inform the current study’s focus on assessing the

functional performance and user experience of solar-powered sprinklers, ultimately

contributing to the development of more effective and user-friendly systems.

Conceptual Framework

This study adopts the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model to guide the evaluation

of the functionality and user experience of the eco-friendly solar-powered sprinkler. The

IPO framework allows a systematic approach to identifying key elements that influence

15
usability and operational performance. By concentrating on functionality and user

experience, the study aims to determine how the sprinkler system meets user

expectations in terms of ease of use, responsiveness, reliability, and overall satisfaction.

This framework ensures that the design and evaluation process are aligned with user-

centered goals, which are essential in assessing practical usability.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

- Solar-powered - Functional - Performance
sprinkler system testing ratings
- Evaluation - User evaluation - Usability
rubric - Data collection assessment
- Test users through checklist - Identified issues
- Indoor test area and feedback - Improvement
insights

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the Study

This framework simplifies the key stages of the study. The input includes the

prototype, evaluation tools, and selected users. The process involves testing the system

in an indoor setting, where users observe its performance and provide feedback using

structured tools. The output is the collected data on the system’s functionality, usability,

and any issues experienced during operation.

16
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter outlines the procedures used to assess the functionality and user

experience of the eco-friendly solar-powered sprinkler system designed for indoor

household temperature control. It describes the research design, respondents of the

study, sampling procedure, data gathering procedure, instruments for data collection,

and statistical tools used to analyze the collected data. The study seeks to evaluate the

system’s functional performance, user satisfaction, and overall ease of use.

Research Design

The study employs a descriptive evaluative quantitative research design in

measuring the functional performance and usability of the implemented eco-friendly

solar-powered sprinkler system. Descriptive in the research seeks to give a good

description of how the system functions as far as water dispersion efficiency, sensor

responsiveness, and operational reliability are concerned. The design is evaluative in

nature, permitting systematic evaluation of usability of the system in terms of ease of

use, intuitiveness of interface, and user satisfaction. A quantitative method is used for

gathering measurable data with the help of an ordered evaluation rubric, through which

it is possible for the researcher to analyze outcomes with the help of statistical

measures like mean, standard deviation, and frequency distribution (Creswell, 2018).

17
This design guarantees an objective and fact-based evaluation of the system's overall

performance and usability.

Locale of the Study

The study will be carried out in the Soccsksargen region of Mindanao, Philippines,

at Isulan, the capital town of Sultan Kudarat. Because it is easily accessible and close

to the researcher, this location was chosen specially to make it convenient to conduct

the evaluation and monitor the produced solar-powered sprinkler system. The typical

home environment of Isulan makes indoor temperature control a common concern,

particularly during hot and dry seasons. This area was chosen in order to collect more

contextually relevant data on the usability and functionality of the system. An eco-

friendly solar-powered sprinkler system can be evaluated in a realistic home-use setting

with the help of Isulan residents, who are a demographic that can profit from cost-

effective and sustainable technologies.

Figure 2. Location Map if the Study

18
Respondents of the Study

The respondents will be selected individuals living in Isulan who are willing and

available to assess the designed eco-friendly solar-powered sprinkler system. These

participants are selected through convenience sampling based on the accessibility of

the subjects to the researcher and their capability to provide informed feedback

following direct exposure to the system. The participants can be household members or

those who have elementary understanding of temperature control and the operation of

sprinklers, so that they can make meaningful and appropriate observations and

judgments about the study.

Sampling Procedure

This research will utilize a convenience sampling method, a non-probability

technique where subjects are chosen depending on their availability, accessibility, and

willingness to be involved. As the research aims to assess the functional performance

and usability of the eco-friendly solar-powered sprinkler system, the respondents

chosen are those easily accessible to the prototype and able to give quick feedback.

Convenience sampling is suitable in this case given its ease of use and effectiveness,

particularly when time and resource constraints are present (Etikan, Musa, & Alkassim,

2016). Convenience sampling enables direct relevant evaluative data to be gathered

from the users themselves who are actually using the system.

Data Gathering Procedures

Data will be collected through a combination of observation, surveys, and

interviews. The observational procedure will involve monitoring the system’s

performance in real-time, particularly assessing the efficiency of water dispersion, the

19
responsiveness of the sensors to indoor temperature changes, and the overall reliability

of the system during operation (Babbie, 2021). User satisfaction surveys will be

distributed to respondents to assess their perceptions of the system's ease of use,

interface intuitiveness, and overall satisfaction with its functionality (Dillman et al.,

2014). Additionally, in-depth interviews will be conducted to gather qualitative data about

specific challenges users encountered, their suggestions for improvement, and their

overall experience with the system (Kvale, 2007). This mixed data collection method

ensures both objective performance data and subjective user feedback.

Data Gathering Instruments

The data collection process will start with the researcher seeking permission from

the concerned authorities to carry out the research in the selected location. Upon

receiving approval, the researcher will present the green eco-friendly solar-powered

sprinkler system to the selected respondents and give a simple demonstration of its

operation and characteristics. Respondents will then engage the system under

simulated conditions while measures of its operation, sensor reactivity, uniformity, and

user satisfaction are gathered with temperature sensors, performance checklists, and

assessment rubrics.

Comments and observations concerning any functional constraint will also be

documented. The data will be gathered over a series of trials to ensure dependability

and comparability of outcomes. Throughout the process, the researcher will stay in

touch with the respondents to clarify instructions and verify accurate recording of data.

This systematic process is in accordance with best practices in data collection when

carrying out evaluative research (Creswell & Creswell, 2018).

20
Statistical Tools

The evaluative data gathered from the study will be analyzed using descriptive

statistics. The functionality level, which includes water dispersion efficiency, sensor

response, and system reliability, will be summed up by the mean scores and standard

deviations. Frequency distributions and percentages will be used to characterize user

feedback for usability aspects like overall happiness, simplicity of use, and interface

intuitiveness. In order to illustrate common functional limits, reported difficulties that

arise during operation will also be categorized and shown using frequency counts. The

performance and user experience of the solar-powered sprinkler system may be clearly

assessed with the help of these descriptive techniques (Creswell, 2014).

21
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 Appendix A: Research Instrument

Republic of the Philippines

SULTAN KUDARAT STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Industrial Technology
Isulan Campus, Isulan, Sultan Kudarat

EVALUATING THE FUNCTIONALITY AND USER EXPERIENCE OF AN

ECO-FRIENDLY SOLAR-POWERED SPRINKLER FOR INDOOR
HOUSEHOLD TEMPERATURE CONTROL

Instructions: Kindly rate each item based on your observation or

experience using the scale provided. You may also provide specific
comments or suggestions.
Respondent Profile
Name (Optional): ___________________________
Role: ☐ Teacher ☐ Student ☐ Technician ☐ Engineer ☐ Other: __________
Date of Evaluation: ________________________

Rating Scale
Rating Description
5 Strongly Agree
4 Agree
3 Neutral
2 Disagree
1 Strongly Disagree

Part 1 - Functionality: Water Dispersion Efficiency

Ite Statement Rating
m (1-5)
1 The sprinkler distributes water evenly across the
intended area.
2 Water output adjusts appropriately to solar energy

25
 input.
3 Water wastage is minimal during operation.
Part 2 - Functionality: Sensor Responsiveness
Ite Statement Rating
m (1-5)
1 The sensor accurately detects indoor temperature
changes.
2 The system responds promptly to changes in
temperature.
3 Water output adjusts appropriately in response to
sensor input.
Part 3 - Functionality: System Reliability
Ite Statement Ratin
m g (1-
5)
1 The system operates consistently without frequent
failures.
2 The system components are durable and withstand
usage over time.
3 Backup systems ensure functionality during low
sunlight conditions.

Part 4 - Usability: Ease of Operation

Ite Statement Ratin
m g (1-
5)
1 The system is easy to set up and use.
2 Basic operations can be performed without technical
support.
3 Instructions provided are clear and easy to
understand.
Part 5 - Usability: Interface Intuitiveness (if applicable)
Ite Statement Ratin
m g (1-
5)
1 The user interface is logically organized.
2 Controls and buttons are easy to identify and
understand.
3 I can navigate the system without confusion.
Part 6 - Usability: Overall Satisfaction

26
Ite Statement Ratin
m g (1-
5)
1 I am satisfied with the sprinkler system’s performance.
2 The system meets my expectations.
3 I would recommend this system to others.
Part 7 - Issues Encountered
Please describe any issues or problems you experienced while using the
system:
______________________________________________________________________________
___
______________________________________________________________________________
___
______________________________________________________________________________
___

27