Republic of the Philippines

PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

SUBJECT MODULE: AIRCRAFT AVIONICS AND AUTOPILOT SYSTEM

SUBJECT CODE: AE 312
MODULE TITLE: Module 4 :RADIO COMMUNICATION

COURSE LEARNING MODULE LEARNING TOPIC LEARNING OUTCOME

OUTCOME OUTCOME

CLO [Link] knowledge and MLO 1. Recall an overview of TLO 1. State the principle and
understanding of basic operation basic Radio Fundamentals operation of Radio
and function of interface system of Fundamentals.
MLO 2. Analyze how reception
Aircraft Avionics that culminates a TLO 2. Distinguish the reception
and transmission works in a
comprehensive flight simulation. and transmission Radio
Communication block diagram
Communication antenna
CLO 2. Develop creative, logical, MLO 3. Distinguish the function of
critical thinking, and analyzing the HF, VHF and Satcom Antenna
block diagram using schematic
symbols

MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

CONTENTS

TITLE PAGES TIME ALLOCATION

[Link] Fundamentals… 4 5 mins
[Link] Fundamentals 5 5 mins
3. Radio Propagation 6 5 mins
4. Radio Frequency 7 5 mins
5. Aircraft Antenna 8 5 mins
6. Acoustic Component 9 5 mins
7. Audio Control Panel 10 5 mins
[Link] Management Panel 11 5 mins
9. Very High Frequency (VHF) 12 5 mins
9.1 ACARS 13 5 mins
10 High Frequency 14 5 mins
11. CVR 15 5 mins
12 Static Discharger 16 5 mins
12.1 Kinds of Static Discharge 17-18 5 mins
ACTIVITY NO.4 19 20 mins
REFERENCES 20

MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

LEARNING MATERIALS
To help you successfully completed on a productive fashion on this course, we have
included the following Learning Materials.

MODULES
This module includes a sequence of discussions; workshop activity at the end of the
topics; separate online assignments and quizzes through Google Classroom (TBA),
covering the key points of its topic and the separate Laboratory Exercises Module. The
key assignment questions and quizzes are put to assess your understanding of the
concepts discussed. Following confirmation of the activities carried out, the answers for
your clarification are provided. Other course requirement for your interpretations and
discussion will be present on the first day of classes.

ASSESMENT CRITERIA:
Created a Rubrics through Google Classroom that shall serve as a basis for evaluation
of the Assignment and Quizzes given.

KEY LEARNING POINTS

Key Learning points are highlighted through the text and are designed to emphasize
particularly important issues and conclusions.

SUMMARY
Each topic ends with summary drawing together the main point of the content of the
topic

MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

-is an electronic device which produces radio waves with an antenna. The purpose of most
transmitters is radio communication of information over a distance. The information is provided to
the transmitter in the form of an electronic signal, such as an audio (sound) signal from a microphone,
a video (TV) signal from a video camera, or in wireless networking devices, a digital signal from a
computer.

Acoustic Components

-microphone
-handset
-boom headset

Analog
Electronic Transmitter
Digital Processor

Transducer

Simple block Diagram of a Transmitter

Radio Transmission system may be classified in terms of type of information they are
transmitting:
[Link]- telephony transmitter
➢ Is for transmission of music and speech
2. Radio- telegraphy transmitter
➢ Is for transmission of signals
3. TV transmitter
➢ Is for transmission of moving picture.
4. Code Transmitter
➢ Is the transmission of codes.

MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

➢ is an electronic device that receives radio waves and converts the information carried
by them to a usable form. The information produced by the receiver may be in the form
of sound, moving images (television), or digital data.

Receiver Characteristics

1. Receiver’s sensitivity may be defined as its ability to drive the output transducer to an
acceptable level
2. Receiver’s Selectivity may be defined as the extent to which a receiver of
differentiating between the desired signal and disturbances at other frequency

MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

➢ is the way radio signals are transmitted from one point to another inside the
earth’s atmosphere or free space.

1. Ground Wave
➢ is a radio wave that travels along Earth’s surface. It also called SURFACE WAVE. Changes in
terrain have a strong effect on ground waves. Ground wave propagation is much better over
water than dessert terrain.

2. Sky Wave
➢ Used for long distance transmission. It has the ability to strike the ionosphere, be refracted from
it to ground, strike the ground, be reflected back toward the ionosphere..

MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

3. Space Wave
➢ The propagated wave is direct from transmitting to receiving antenna and does not travel along
the ground. And it is also called line-of-sight transmission disturbances.

4. Satellite Communication
➢ A communication satellite is placed into synchronous orbit, which means its position remains
fixed with respect to the earth’s rotation

MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

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MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

AUDIO CONTROL PANEL

ACP There are three Audio Control Panels (ACPs) located next to an RMP. The ACPs control
the channel and volume of transmission /reception. Two are located on the center pedestal, a third
one on the overhead panel. In case of a faulty CAPT or F/O ACP, the third occupant ACP can be
selected by a manual switch.

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MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

The Radio Management Panels (RMPs) give the capability of tuning all communication radios. The
frequencies are tuned by using the 2 concentric knobs.
There are two RMPs located on the center pedestal and a third optional one on the overhead panel.
To establish communication on radio
1. Tune the frequency using knob and selects what type of frequency key using RMP
2. To transmit and receive the voice signals, on the ACP, pressed the designated frequency and
its corresponding knob.

ACP

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MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

➢ VHF operates at 118-135 MHz frequency range. VHF provides much clearer reception and is
much less affected by atmospheric conditions but the electromagnetic waves in the VHF band are
limited to line of sight. The pilot selects the appropriate channel assigned to a particular tower
frequency and then transmits. ICAO has designated VHF as the standard radio communication
system for ATC purposes.
The VHF transceivers are the same and interchangeable. VHF 1 and VHF 2 are usually used by the
flight crew for voice communications. VHF 3 is used for Aircraft Communication Addressing and
Reporting System (ACARS) functions and as back-up voice communications if there is a failure of
system 1 or 2

9.1 AIRCRAFT COMMUNICATION ADDRESSING AND REPORTING SYSTEM (ACARS)

➢ ACARS is a digital data link system for the transmission of messages between aircraft and ground stations,
which has been in use since 1978
ACARS messages may be of three types based upon their content:

• Air Traffic Control (ATC)

• Aeronautical Operational Control (AOC)
• Airline Administrative Control (AAC)

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MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

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MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

➢ Records the conversation of pilots and ambiance sound on flight deck every 30 mins.
Solid State Cockpit Voice Recorder (SSVR)
The SSCVR records the last 2 hours of the flight crew conversations and communications and aural warnings. It records
automatically in flight and on ground when at least 1 engine is running and for 5 minutes after the last engine is shut
down.

NOTE: The CVR can be activated manually. To do this, push the ReCorDeR/GrouND ConTroL P/BSW

Erase is only possible, aircraft on the ground, Rand L main landing gear shock absorbers compressed and parking brake
applied

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MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

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MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

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MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

SUMMARY
The ITU has assigned frequencies for use by aircraft analog voice dialogue in parts of the “High
Frequency” (3-30 MHz) band and in the 118-137 MHz section of the wider “Very High Frequency”
range. Aircraft can use radios operating in the HF radio band for long-range communications as
the signals are reflected by the ionosphere. Unfortunately when using HF the link audio quality is
very poor due to this long propagation of the wave. Aircraft can use radios operating in the VHF
band to communicate with other radios in line-of-sight coverage. These signals do not reflect off
the ionosphere or penetrate obstacles such as mountains or buildings. The advantage of VHF
over HF is that the link quality is much better and there is greater reuse of the frequency channel.

KEY POINTS
With the mechanics of flight secured, early aviators began the tasks of improving operational
safety and functionality of flight. These were developed in large part through the use of reliable
communication and navigation systems. Today, with thousands of aircraft aloft at any one time,
communication and navigation systems are essential to safe, successful flight. Continuing
development is occurring. Smaller, lighter, and more powerful communication and navigation
devices increase situational awareness on the flight deck. Coupled with improved displays and
management control systems, the advancement of aviation electronics is relied upon to increase
aviation safety

ACTIVITY NO.4(ESSAY)
Instruction: Arial 12, 1x1-inch margin, 1.5 spacing, Insert Picture (if Applicable) and Submit it in a PDF Form

1. Give examples of each Radio Transmission in terms of type of information they are transmitting.
2. Explain the Transmitter Block Diagram.
3. Identify the advantages and disadvantages of each mode of Radio propagation.
4. Explain how to communicate the ATC Tower using RMP and ACP.
5. Explain the function of Static Discharger.

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MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

Activity
Instructions: Write your full name, the subject, your course, year, the date of submission of the activity,
the activity number or the assignment number and the module topic it follows.

REFERENCES:
A320 General Familiarization by SIA Engineering Philippines

Aircraft Avionics by SIA Engineering Philippines

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MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

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MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES

 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

Honesty Clause
I pledge that I shall be submitting my work with my own ideas. Researching
data would be easy with the use of the internet but should I be needing to
cite from sources, I shall include them as references along with my answers
to properly address the rightful owner of those data.

_________________________________

Signature over Printed Name

Student

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MODULE 4. RADIO COMMUNICATION FLEXIBLE MODALITIES