IBPS-AFO

CRASH COURSE

Horticulture – 3
Olericulture
 Based on Parts Used
Onion Bulb
Garlic Cloves
Pod French bean, Cluster bean, Cow pea
Fruit Cucurbitaceae family, Okra, Tomato, Brinjal,
Sweet pepper, Chilli
Knob Knol-Khol
Flower bud Broccoli
Head Cabbage
Curd Cauliflower
Corms Taro, Elephant foot yam
Spears (Young shoots) Asparagus
 Elephant foot Yam

Taro
Sweet Potato
 Crop Features Varieties
Cabbage Indole -3-carbinol Pusa Mukta (Black rot resistant), Pusa drumhead
(Black leg resistant) Pride of India (Early &
round), Copenhagen market, September, Pusa
ageti, Pusa sambandh (Synthetic variety), Golden
Acre (Earliest)

Cauliflower Yield: Early: 80 – Early variety: Pusa Early Synthetic, Early

120q/ha, Main: Kunwari, Pusa Deepali, Pusa
150 – 200q/ha, Katki, Pusa Kartiki, Pant Shubra
Snowball: 250 – Mid variety: Pusa Sharad, Pusa Shubra:
300q/ha Resistant to black rot, Improved Japanese (Israel)
Late variety: Pusa Snowball-1&2, Pusa
Himjyoti, Pusa Snowball-16, Ooty-1, Pusa
Snowball K-1: Resistant to black rot
 Crop (Family – Edible part
Brassicaceae/Cruciferae)

Broccoli Brassica oleracea var Immature flower bud, Varieties: Palam

Italica SR: 400 – 500g/ha Samridhi, Pusa
KTS- 1

Brussels Brassica oleracea var Mini heads (on axils of Varieties: Jade
Sprout Gemmifera leaves), SR: 500g/ha cross, Hilds ideal,
Rubina

Kale Brassica oleracea var Leaves

Acephala
 Diseases of Cole Crops
Black Rot Bacteria Xanthomonas campestris
Curd Rot/Soft Rot Bacteria Erwinia crotovera
Stalk Rot Bacteria Sclerotinia scleratium
White rust/White blisters Fungus Albugo candida
Back leg/Dry rot Fungus Fusarium sp.
 Physiological disorders of Cauliflower
Blindness Fail to form any curd Damage in early stage by insect,
low temperature & frost
Buttoning Development of small N2 deficiency, high temperature
curd in young plant
Hollow stem - Excess N2
Whiptail Only midrib of leaf Mo deficiency & common in
blade develops acidic soil
 Physiological disorder of Caulifower
Browning Brown colour of curd Boron deficiency
(Brown/Red rot)
Chlorosis Yellow mottling of Magnesium deficiency
lower older leaves
Riceyness Velvety curd, flower Excess Nitrogen, High
buds Humidity
Fuzziness Flower pedicel Cultivation in abnormal time
elongate
Varieties of Tomato
• Arka Vikas: Suitable for drought condition
• Arka Abhijit: Suitable for long transport
• Flavr Savr: Transgenic variety
• Pusa Ruby: Sioux X Improved Meeruti
• Hisar Anmol: Resistance to Tomato leaf curl
virus
• Roma, Sioux, Improved Meeruti, Arka Saurabh,
Pant Bahar, Punjab Chhuhara, Pusa Uphar
 Varieties of Tomato
• Selection-120: 1st root knot nematode
resistant variety
• Hisar Lalit: Root knot nematode resistance
• Pusa Sheetal, Pusa H-1, Arka Meghali
• Hisar Arun: Extreme early variety
• Pusa early dwarf → Improved meeruti X
Red cloud
• Marglobe → Marvel X Globe
 PHYSIOLOGICAL DISORDER OF TOMATO
Cracking Boron deficiency
Blotchy ripening Potassium deficiency
Puffiness Low/high temp, Lack of fertilization, Poor Pollination

Blossom End Rot Ca deficiency, High temp, Irregular moisture supply

Sun scald Excess exposure to sunrays
Cat Face Abnormal growing condition
Golden Fleck Excess of Ca-Oxalate, Low K:Ca ratio
Blotchy ripening Puffiness Blossom End Rot

Sun scald Cat Face Golden Fleck

 Varieties of Brinjal
• Early maturing variety: Pusa
Purple Long
• Pant Samrat, Punjab Bahar, Azad
Kranti, Pusa Anmol, Arka
Navneet
• Pusa Purple Round, Pusa Bhairav,
Pusa Upkar, Arka Shirish
• Hybrid varieties: Pusa Kranti,
Pant Rituraj, Pusa Bindu
 Varieties of Chilli
• Pusa Jwala, Pusa Sadabahar, Pant C-1, Punjab Lal, Bhagyalaxmi, Phule
Jyoti, Andhra Jyoti, Arka Lohit
• Arka Suphal → Resistant to powdery mildew
• NP 46-A → Resistant to thrips
• Jwalamukhi → Suitable for HDP
• Punjab Surkha → Multiple disease resistant variety
• Punjab Lal → Suitable for colour extraction
• Pusa Jwala → NP 46-A X Puri red
• Pant C-1 → NP 46-A X Kandhari
 DISEASES OF CHILLI
• Little Leaf: Mycoplasma (Transmit – Leaf hoppers)
• Anthracnose (Dieback): Colletotrichum capsica
• Leaf curl virus: (Transmit – Whitefly)
• Mosaic virus: (Transmit – Aphids)
• Little Leaf: Mycoplasma (Transmit – Leaf Hoppers)
• PESTS OF CHILLI
• Thrips: Scirtothrips dorsalis
• PHYSIOLOGICAL DISORDER
• Blossom end Rot (Excess Nitrogen)
• Frog Eye Rot
Crop Climate Varieties
(Scientific Name)
Okra (Dried fruit: 13-22% Tropical Africa, Warm Arka Anamika, Arka Abhay,
edible oil, 20-24% protein) season vegetable, Hissar Unnat, Varsha Uphar,
Abelmoschus esculentum Fruit type: Capsule Pusa Sawani, Pusa
(Malvaceae) Makhmali, Azad Kranti

Pea: Pisum sativum, Ethiopia, Arkel, Jawahar Matar

Fabaceae Mediterranean 1,2,3,5, Pant Uphar, Arka
areas Chaitra, Arka Uttam, Arka
Sampoorna, Arka Priya
Disease of Peas
➢ Pea Powdery Mildew: Erysiphe polygoni
➢ Ascochyta: Ascochyta pisii
➢ Pea Wilt: Fusarium oxysporum
➢ Pea Rust: Uromyces pisi
 Diseases of Cucurbits
Powdery Mildew Erisyphe cichoracearum
Downy Mildew Pseudopernospora cubensis

Witches Broom Mycoplasma Transmitted by Leaf

(Bitter gourd) hoppers

Green Mottle Virus Transmitted by seeds and

Mosaic (Cucumber) Aphids

Bud Necrosis Virus Transmitted by seeds and

(Watermelon) Aphids
 Thrips

Fruit fly

Pests of Cucurbits Red Pumpkin Beetle

Red Pumpkin Aulacophora
Beetle fovecollis
Fruit fly Bactrocera
cucurbitae
Thrips Thrips tabaci
Crop Origin Climate

Potato (17th Solanum tuberosum, South America Flowering point →

century by CPRI → (Peru), 2n=4x=48 LDP, Tuber point →
Portuguese) 1949,Shimla SDP

Onion Allium cepa, Cross Central Asia Cool season crop, long
(Alliaceae) pollinate: Protandry (Afghanistan) day and high temp
Pink
revolution

Garlic Allium sativum, Central Asia Winter season

(Alliaceae) Cloves
Crop Climate Features Seed Rate
Potato 15 - 25°C Tuberization → Black heart: O2 def./ Poor
20°C (17-19°C) ventilation (Storage
Tuberization stop → disease)
>30°C Hollow heart: Excessive
N2

Onion Rabi: 25 – 30t/ha, Catchecol (Anti Bulb: 1000 – 1200kg/ha,

Kharif: 15 – 20t/ha Fungal), Temp: Rabi: 10 – 12 kg, Kharif:
12.8 - 21°C, (15.5 - 12 – 15 kg, 200m2 area: 5
25°C) (Bulb – 8kg/ha
formation)
Garlic Winter season Cloves: 8-10mm dia.
➢Potato: unfit for • TRUE POTATO SEED
consumption • Developed by Ramanujan(TPS)
(Solanin is > than
• SEED PLOT TECHNIQUE
20 mg/100 gm (5
mg/100 gm) • Developed by Pushkarnath: Disease
free (Virus) seed in northern plains
 Diseases and Pests of Potato
• Potato Tuber Moth : Field as well as storage
• Late Blight : Fungus : Phytophthora infestans (Irish
famine, 1845)
• Early Blight : Fungus : Alternaria solanin
• Black Scrub : Fungus : Rhizoctonia solani
• Wart : Fungus : Synchytrium endobioticum
• Golden Nematode : Globodera rostochienensis (K. Swarna
– Resistant)
 Varieties of Onion
• Hybrid: Arka Peetamber, Arka Lalima, Arka Kirthiman
• Rabi Varieties: Punjab Naroya, Agrifound Light Red, Punjab
White, Arka Vishwas, Arka Peetamber, Arka Lalima, Pusa Ratnar,
Pusa Madhvi, Arka Lalima
• Kharif Varieties: Agrifound Dark Red, Arka Kalyan, N-53
• Arka Pragati: Both season
• Pusa Red, Phule Swarna (Yellow Onion) Nasik Red, Pusa White
Round, Punjab Selection
 Varieties of Garlic
• Agri Found White
• Agri Found Parvati
• Pant Lohit
• Yamuna Safed
• PG 17
• Species: Allium ampeloprasum
 Diseases and pests of Onion
(i) Thrips: Most destructive pest
(ii) Onion fly: Hylemya antiqua (Synonym:
Delia antiqua)
(iii) Purple blotch: Fungus: Alternaria porii
• Most favourable temperature: 28-30 °C
• Resistant varieties: Nasik red, Arka
Kalyan
(iv) Black mould : Fungus: Aspergillus niger
(v) Onion Smut: Urocystis cepulae
Tea
 Botanical description
• Golden Leaf, Queen of Beverage crop
• Botanical Name: Camellia sinensis
• Family: Theaceae
• Study of Tea: Tsiology
• Fruit: Capsule
• Colouring compounds: Theaflavins &
Thearufigens
• Centering
• Skiffing
 3 main types of Tea
• Green Tea:
Unfermented/unoxidized
• Oolong Tea: Partly fermented
• Black Tea: Fermented
• Propagation: Softwood
cutting/Single node cutting
• Planting: Single Hedge or
Double Hedge System
 Harvesting
• Plucking: When bush is 3 years
old
• Two leaves and a bud
• Store: 3% moisture when packed
• Processing:
• CTC Tea: Wither, Rolling,
Fermentation, Drying, Sort &
Grade, Gapping, Pack &
Transport
 Varieties
• Tea Research started in
1893 (UPASI: United
Planters association of
South India, Connor,
TN)
• UPASI 9, UPASI 1,
UPASI 2, UPASI 8
Pests of Tea
• Red Coffee Borer:
Zeuzera coffeae
• Tea mosquito Bug:
Helopeltis theivora
• Yellowing: Sulphur
deficiency
• Imperta cylindrica:
Weed of Tea
Coffee
Botanical description
• King of Beverage Crop
• Botanical Name: Coffea sp.
• Family: Rubiaceae
• Origin : Ethiopia
• Perennial Crop
• Short Day plant
• Fruit type: Drupe
• Propagate: Seed
• Species: Coffea arabica (Self-
Pollinated)
• Coffea robusta (Cross-
Pollination)
• Training: Single System
• Varieties: Kent, San Roman,
Cauvery
• Pest: Coffee Berry Borer
(Hypothenemus hampei)
Disease & Pest of Coffee
• Coffee leaf rust: Fungus
(Hemelia vestatrix)
• Resistant variety: Coffea
liberica
• White stem borer: Xylotrechus
quadripes
• Black bean/ black jollo:
depletion of carbohydrate
Coconut
 Botanical description
• Botanical Name: Coccos nuccifera
• Family: Arecaceae
• Kalpavriksha
• Coconut oil: Lauric Acid
• Inflorescence: Spadix
• Fruit type: Drupe
• Humid tropical perennial
monoecious palm
• Edible part: Endosperm
Botanical description
• Moisture in copra: 5-6%, oil
content: 70%
• Economic Life: 60 years
• Propagation: Seed
• 12 – 13 month for ripening
from opening of
inflorescence
 Varieties
• Tall Varieties: West Coast
Tall, Kalpa Mitra, Kalpa
Pratiba, Kalpa Thenu, Kalpa
Tharu, Kalpa Haritha,
Chandra Kalpa
• Dwarf Varieties: Kalpa
Raksha, Chowghat Orange
Dwarf, Kalpa Sree, Kalpa
Jyothi, Kalpa Surya
 Diseases and Pest
• Root wilt: MLOs
• Transmitted by lacebug
• Basal end rot: Fungus
(Ganoderma lucidum)
• Pest: Rhinoceros beetle
• Red palm weevil
• Black headed caterpillar
 Physiological Disorders
• Crown choking: B deficiency
• Little leaf: Zn deficiency
Cashewnut
 Botanical description
• Botanical Name: Anacardium
occidentale
• Family: Anacardiaceae
• Origin: Brazil
• Shelling percentage: 20 – 25%
• Propagation: Epicotyl grafting and
Soft wood grafting
• Training and pruning: Aug – Sept
• Floatation method
 Diseases & Pest
• Dieback or Pink disease:
Fungus
• Tea mosquito bug: Helopeltis
antonii
• Leaf miner: Conopomorpha
syngramma
Rubber
 Botanical description
• Botanical Name: Hevea
brasiliensis
• Family: Euphorbiaceae
• Origin: Brazil
• Rubber Research Institute of
India: 1955 (Kottayam, Kerala)
• International Rubber Research
and Development board, Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia
• Propagation: Forkert budding
• RRII – 105: Highest yielding
clone in the world
• Latex: Tapping
• Tapping depth: 1mm close to
cambium
• Tapping time: Early morning
• Measuring rubber%:
Metrolac, Latex meter
• Tapping panel dryness
(Brown Blast):
• Control: Give tapping rest for 3 –
12 months, reduce tapping
intensity
• Peak yield: after 14 year of
planting
• The yield steeply increases year
by year
• Arecanut:
• Mahali or koleroga or Fruit
rot: Fungus (Phytophthora
palmivora)

• Bud rot: Fungus

(Ganoderma lucidum)
Ornamental Horticulture
 Bonsai
• Japanese art of growing miniature
trees & shrubs by extreme
dwarfing.
• Origin: China
• Size: 30 – 60 cm
• Root Pruning and Repotting (every
2 – 3 years)
• Pomegranate, Tamarind, Apple,
Citrus, Juniper, Pine, Maple,
Cypress
• 5 cm to maximum 1 metre
Flower Arrangement
2 styles:
1. Occidental (Western Style)
• Massing of flowers
2. Oriental (Eastern Style)
• Line arrangement of foliage and flowers
• Japanese flower arrangement: Ikebana
• 3 basic line: Earth (Hikae), Man (Soe),
Heaven (Shin)
• Nageire, Moribana, Jiyubana,
Morimono
 Style of gardening

Formal garden Informal garden

Symmetrical pattern Asymmetrical pattern, Represent natural
beauty
Mughal garden, Persian garden, Italian Japanese garden, English Garden (Lawn,
Garden, French Garden Rockery, Annuals, Shrubbery)
FEATURES: Nahars, Trees (Fruit : Life, Nature in Miniature (Japanese Garden) :
Cypress : Death & eternity), Baradari, Ideas of heaven & meditation, Water,
Terraces (8 or 7) stone, stone lantern, Pagoda, Ponds,
waterfalls, Island bridges
French Garden : How to think big Types : Hill (Tsukiyama Niwa), Flat
Italian Garden : Stairs (Hira Niwa), Passage (Roji Niwa), Tea
Persian Garden : Idea of heaven Garden (Outer: Soto roji, Inner: Uchi
roji), Sand (Kyoto sand garden)
 Rose
➢ Queen of flower/ Symbol of beauty/
national flower of U.K
➢ Botanical name: Rosa indica/Rosa
chinensis
➢ Family: Rosaceae
➢ Type of Fruit → Hips
➢ Gulkand is prepared by mixing →
Petals (1) : Sugar (1), Edward
variety, R. damascena, R. chinensis,
R. gallica
 Rose propagation
➢ Best time of planting (NI) → Sep – Oct
(Upto Feb)
➢ Commercial method of propagation → T-
budding (EI : Jan – March, NI : Dec - Feb)
➢ Cutting: June to November
➢ For development of new variety → Seed
➢ Commercial life of rose → 8 Years
(2kg/plant/year), Prune : Oct – Nov (45
days later, new flowers harvest)
Varieties
• Hybrid Tea (HT), 100 – 150 stems/plant: Hybrid perpetual X
Tea roses Eg: La France (By Guillot in France - 1867) : Super
star, Paradise, First Red, Homi Bhabha, Rakatgandha
• Floribunda : Mohini, Jumping Jack
• Induced Mutation (IARI):
• Abhisarika from Kiss of Fire
• Pusa christina from Christian Dior
• Madhosh from Gulzar
• Teas: Tea scented china rose, R. chinensis X [Link],
Lady Hillingdon
• Grandiflora: HT X Floribunda (Queen Elizabeth, June Bride)
 Varieties
• Ryosas: R. ryosa (Hardy, resistant to cold, salt tolerant, black
spot resistant)
• IHBT: Damask Rose varieties – Jwala, Himroz
• Fragrance: R. alba, R. canina, R. centifolia, R. gallica, R.
gigantea, R. moschata, R. multiflora, R. wichuriana
• Austrian briars (R. foetida and R. lutea): Source of yellow
colour, Persian Yellow: Babur King intoduced
➢ Miniature Roses (Button Roses): Baby gold star, Cinderella
➢ Red flower → Crimson glory, Happiness
➢ Thornless → Pusa mohit, Suchitra
 Varieties
➢Red & Crimson colour → Cyanidins
➢Blue/Purple colour → Delphinidine
➢Orange - Red to Scarlet colour → Pelargonidin
➢White, yellow and brown colour: Favonols & carotenoids
➢Chocolate brown coloured rose hybrid: Mohini
➢Arka Parimala: Mod. Resistant to Thrips and Black spot
➢To increase shelf-life of flower → Pulsing treatment (Sucrose
is main component)
Rose
• Special practices: Wintering, Pinching,
Disbudding, Deshooting, Defoliation,
Bending, Bud capping, Trimming,
Pulsing
• Harvest: Tight bud stage
• Diseases of Rose:
➢ Die back of rose
➢ Powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca
panosa)
➢ Black spot
MEDICINAL PLANTS
 Common Scientific Name Alkaloids Plant Part used
name
Aloe Aloe vera Aloin and C- Leaves (Gel-
Glucosides Glucomannan)

Indian Withania Withanine, Roots

ginseng somnifera Somniferine,
Withaferine

Kalmegh Andrographis Andrographolide, Leaves, Roots

paniculata Andrographidin

Safed Chlorophytum Saponin Roots

muesli borivilianum
 Indian ginseng

Aloe

Kalmegh Safed muesli

 Common Scientific Name Alkaloids Plant Part used
name
Foxglove Digitalis Digoxin Leaves
lanata

Opium Papaver Opium, Codeine, Latex from fruit

somniferum Morphine capsule

Sarpagandha Rauvolfia Alkaloid, Dried Root

serpentina Serpentine,
Resperine
Senna Cassia Sennosides Leaves & Pods
angustifolia
 Foxglove Opium

Sarpagandha Senna
 Common Scientific Name Alkaloids Plant Part used
name

Long Pepper Piper longum Alkaloids-Piper Spike, Roots

longuminine, Piper
longumine
Mulathi Glycyrrhiza Glycyrrhizin (Sweet Roots
glabra substance), Isoliqril
(Yellow colour)
Belladona Atropa Hyoscine, Leaves
belladona Hyoscyamine,
Atropine
Long Pepper Mulathi

Belladona
 Common Scientific Alkaloids Plant Part used
name Name

Isabgol Plantago Mucilage husk Seed and Husk

ovata (Xylose, Arabinose,
Galacturonic acid)

Henbane Hyoscyamus Hyoscyamine Leaves

niger

Glory Lily Gloriosa Colchicine Seeds

(TN) superba
Isabgol

Henbane

Glory Lily
 Common Scientific Alkaloids Plant Part used
name Name
Cinchona Cinchona Quinine Bark
officinalis

Datura Datura Hyoscine, Tropane Whole plant

stratmonium

Madhunashi Gymnema Gymnemic acid Leaves

ni sylvestris

Stevia Stevia Stevioside, Leaves

rebaudiana Rebaudioside
 Cinchona Datura

Madhunashini Stevia
Q. Which mango variety yields on an average 16 t/ha
and about 1600 plants can be accommodated in one
hectare.? (AFO-2016)
(a) Amrapalli
(a) Amrapalli
(b) Ratna
(c) Mallika
(d) Neelum
(e) Anmol
Q. Dieback in citrus and cracking of apple is due to the
deficiency of.? (AFO-2016), Citrus Cracking (AFO-
2017)
(a) Zinc
(b) Calcium
(c) Iron
(d) Nitrogen
(e) Boron
Q. In India, micro propagation in fruits crops is most
common and popular in.? (AFO-2016)

(a) Guava
(b) Apple
(c) Banana
(d) Mango
(e) Jackfruit
Q. Causal agent of Bacterial spot in citrus?
(AFO-2017)
a. Pseudomonas syringae
b. Xanthomonas
Xanthomonascampestris [Link].
campestris Citri
Citri
c. Xanthomonas campestris pv. citrumelo
d. Pseudomonas solani
e. None of these
Q. Economic life span of coconut in years for
coconut palm.? (AFO-2017)

(a) 25 yrs
(b) 35 yrs
(c) 45 yrs
(d) 50 yrs
(e) 60 yrs
Q. Which one is variety of onion.? (AFO-2017)

(a) Pusa Kiran

(b) Agri found
(c) Pusa Jal
(d) Pusa Jyoti
(e) None of the above
Q. Totapuri variety of Mango belongs to
which state.? (AFO-2018)

(a) Orissa
(b) Gujarat
(c) Andhra Pradesh
(d) Karnataka
(e) Maharashtra
Q. Ratna variety of Mango is a cross of.?
(AFO-2018)

a. Alphonso × Neelum
b. Amarpali × Neelum
c.
c. Neelam
Neelam ×× Alphonso
Alphonso
d. Dasehari × Sensation
e. Amarpali × Sensation
Q. What is the optimum pH required for Guava?
(AFO-2018)
a. 4.5 – 5.5
b. 4- 6
c. Less than 6.5
d. 6.5 - 8
e. More than 8
Q. What is the optimum pH required for Banana.?
(AFO-2018)

a. 4.5 – 5.5
b. 6.5-7.5
c. 4- 6
d. less than 6.5
e. More than 7.5
Q. Which of the following is a perennial crop?
(AFO-2018)

a. Banana
b. Garlic
c. Tomato
d. Coconut
e. Sugar beet
Q. Crown cleaning related to.? (AFO-
2020)
a. Coconut
a.
b. Mango
c. Banana
d. Coffee
e. Pineapple
Q. Disease of rose greyish white powdery patches are seen on the
tender leaves and flower buds, mature leaves get malformed and flower
bud fail to open and plant present wilted appearance.? (AFO-2020)

a. Powdery mildew
b. Downy mildew
c. Black spot
d. Rust
e. Crown gall
Q. Removal of Male bud in banana.? (AFO-
2020)
a. Disbudding
b. Dehorning
c. Denavelling
d. Desuckering
e. None of these
Q. Irregular bearing mango variety is.?
(AFO-2020)
a. Kesar
b. Pairi
c. Neelum
d. Totapuri
e. Himsagar
Q. Which of the following medicinal plant is
known as laxative medicinal plant? (AFO-2020)

a. Henbane
b. Guggal
c. Isabgol
d. Ashwagandha
e. Cuscutta
Q. Blossom End Rot is in________ and is due to the
deficiency of______.? (AFO-2021)

a. Tomato, Fe
b.
b. Tomato,
Tomato, Ca
Ca
c. Onion, Fe
d. Onion, Ca
e. Potato, P
Q. Symptoms of powdery mildew of pea are first seen
on which part of the plant.? (AFO-2021)

a. Stem
b. Leaves
c. Fruits
d. Roots
e. Flower
Q. Pusa Nanha variety of papaya is developed by.?
(AFO-2022)
(a) Mutation
(b) Selection
(c) Somatic hybridization
(d) Both A and B
(e) None of these
Q. Coorg is a commercial variety of.? (AFO-
2022)
(a) Cocoa
(b) Cherry
(c) Tea
(d) Coffee
(e) Rubber
Q. Cricket ball & Kalipatti variety of which
crop.? (AFO-2022)
(a) Sapota
(b) Ber
(c) Guava
(d) Pear
(e) Plum
Q. Guava flesh pink spot variety which is also
known as sardar.? (AFO-2022)
(a) L-49
(b) Alhabad safeda
(c) Allahabad surkha
(d) Safeda
(e) None of these
Q. Fruit of different varieties and grown in
different states which of the following is variety of
citrus? (AFO-2018)
a. Monthan
b. Robusta
c. King Mandarin
d. Neelum
e. Poovan
Q. Citrus species that can only be propagated
by means of seed.? (AFO-2023)

(a) Sweet Lime

(b) Acid lime
(c) Rangpur Lime
(d) Tahiti lime
(e) Rough Lime
Q. Canker in citrus is transmitted by
the vector.?
(a) Papilio demoleus
(b) Diaphorina citri
(c)
(c) Phyllocnistis
Phyllocnistiscitrella
citrella
(d) Aleurocanthus wolgumi
(e) Venturia inequalis
Q. Which rootstock of grape is resistant to
Pierce’s disease.?
(a) Solanis
(b) Salt creek
(c) Dogridge
(d)
(d) Temple
Temple
(e) 1613
Q. Which is the physiological disorder of
Annona.?
(a) Fruit cracking
(b) Stone
(c) Stonefruit
fruit
(c) Fruit drop
(d) Powdery mildew
(e) Downey mildew
Q. Protogynous diurnally synchronous
dichogamy is present in which of the
following plants?
(a) Chestnut
(b) Avocado
Avocado
(c) Pistachionut
(d) Pecanut
(e) Walnut
Q. The term “metaxenia” was coined by
Swingle and Nixon, who discovered this
phenomenon in fruits of which plant?
(a) Oil palm
(b) Palmyra palm
(c) Datepalm
Datepalm
(d) Avocado
(e) Cherry
Q. AKBAR is a hybrid cultivar of?

(a) Pear
(b) Apple
Apple
(c) Peach
(d) Plum
(e) Date palm
Q. The finally made tea contains how much
moisture.?
(a) 4%
(b) 3%
3%
(c) 5%
(d) 6%
(e) 7%
Q. Berry borer is a serious pest of.?

(a) Grape
(b) Tomato
Coffee
(c) Coffee
(d) Strawberry
(e) Papaya
Q. In cucurbits, femaleness is increased by.?

(a) Ethrel
(b) Maleic Hydrazide
(c) NAA
(d) All
Allof
ofthe
theabove
above
(e) None of the above
Q. Rose is commercially propagated by.?

(a) Cutting
(b) Grafting
(c) Layering
(d)Budding
(d) Budding
(e) Runner
Q. Krishan Bhog is a variety of.?

(a) Litchi
(b) Ber
(c) Aonla
(d) Jamun
(e)Mango
(e) Mango
Q. Seed plot technique in potato is developed
by.?
(a) G. Kallo
(b) Harbhajan Singh
(c)
(c) Pushkarnath
Pushkarnath
(d) Dr. B.P. Pal
(e) Arjun Singh
Q. Bitterness in carrot is due to.?

(a) Isopentanol
(b) Carotene
(c) Isocoumarin
Isocoumarine
(d) Sulphoraphane
(e) Isolinalool
Q. Frog eye leaf spot is a disease of.?

(a) Tomato
(b) Potato
(c) Cabbage
(d) Chilli
(d) Chilli
(e) Brinjal
Q. Bolting in onion occurs if temperature goes
below.?
(a) 20℃
(b)15℃
(b) 15℃
(c) 25℃
(d) 30℃
(e) 10℃
Q. Use of immature fruits for preparation of
jelly leads to.?
(a) Failure to set
(b) Formation of crystals
(c) Foggy
Foggyjelly
jelly
(d) Charring of jelly
(e) All of the above
Q. Calyx splitting is a disorder of.?

(a) Rose
(b) Chrysanthemum
(c) Carnation
Carnation
(d) Tuberose
(e) Anthurium