General Information:

Unit: FGS Class: IX-Sci

Topic: Fundamentals of computer Duration of Class: 40 mints
Subject: Computer Month: August’2024
Prepared by: Adina Fatima No of teaching day(s):10

Objectives:
Students will be able to:
 Demonstrate the understanding about the history of computers.
 Outline the various generations of computer.
 Classify the computers as per their size and technology used to date.

Day 01

Methodology:
Discussion Method, Explanation Method

Teaching Aids:
White Board, Blue and Black markers, Duster.

Motivation: (5 mints)
Teacher will ask some questions to students:
What is Computer?
Why we use computer?
Is computer important in our life?
Who is the father of computer? Why he is called so?

Introduction:
Start the lesson by asking students whether they know what computer is? Elicit responses
from them before introducing the concept of computer. Write the definition of computer on
board, “Computer is an electronic device that makes our work easier.” OR “Computer is a
device which takes input from user, process it and gives output to the user.” OR “A computer
is an Electronic data processing machine or device that performs process, calculations and
operations based on instructions provided by a program.

Developmental Activity/ Subject Matter Delivery: (30 mints)

Computer: A computer is an Electronic data processing machine or device that performs

process, calculations and operations based on instructions provided by a program.

Evolution of computer: The evolution of computers is generally divided in three eras.

1. Mechanical Era
2. Electro mechanical Era
 3. Electronic Era

* Explanation of book page no 2-5

Copy Work: (5 mints)

 Subjective Type Questions (Marking in book)

Q1. List down the eras of evolution of computer.

Q2. Describe mechanical era of evolution of computer.

Recap: (5 mints)

Teacher will have a short recap of class by asking.

Definition of computer.
Name of different devices in Mechanical era.
Operations of different devices of mechanical era.
Day-02

General Information:
Unit: FGS Class: IX-Sci
Topic: Fundamentals of computer Duration of Class: 45 mints
Subject: Computer Month: August’2023
Prepared by: Adina Fatima

Objectives:
To explore the advancement of computers in all generations.
To explain different generations of computer.
To Design the generation table.

Methodology:
Discussion Method, Explanation Method

Teaching Aids:
White Board, Blue and Black markers, Duster.

Motivation: (5 mints)
In order to motivate the student teacher will trigger some questions.
1. What is a Electronic era?
2. How many generations of computer are there?
3. What was the principle of Charles’s dreamed computer?
Introduction:
After collecting responses of starter questions, Teacher could proceed with students in
context of Electronic era with its sub divided generations and their timelines.
Developmental Activity/ Subject Matter Delivery: (30 mints)

Let the students read from the text. We may have a discussion time towards the end of the
reading to clear any doubts that students may have. In which teacher will discuss electronic
era and each generation and its characteristics.

Electronic Era: The advancement in the vacuum or electron tube gave birth to the electronic
era. In this era the true computers were invented. Continuous advancement in electronic
engineering increased efficiency and speed of computers. This era is categorized in
generations on the basis of core technology used to build computers.
There are five generations of computer in electronic era.
 First Generation of computers (1940 – 1956)
 Second Generation of computers (1956 – 1963)
 Third Generation of computers (1964 – 1971)
 Fourth Generation of computers (1971 – Present)
 Fifth Generation of computers (Present – Beyond)
 First Second Third Fourth Fifth
Generation Generation Generation Generation Generation
(1940-1956) (1956–1963) (1964-1971) (1971-Present) (Present- Beyond)
Major Vacuum Transistors ICs Micro Improved
component tubes Processor microprocessor
Size Very Large Smaller than 1st Much Smaller than Smallest than 4th
generation smaller than 3rd generation generation
2nd
generation
Language Machine Assembly PASCAL, High level Artificial
Language language, COBOL language Intelligence
FORTRAN
Input/ Punched Punched cards Keyboard as Keyboard, Several devices
output device cards input, Mouse as were introduced
Monitor as input, Monitor as input and
output as output output device
Storage Magnetic Magnetic core Floppy disk Floppy Optical, Magnetic
medium Drums disk/Hard disk disks
Operating Batch Batch Time- GUI was Improved GUI
system processing os processing, sharing and developed
multi Realtime os
programming os
Examples ENIAC, IBM 7094, IBM IBM 360, Apple Robots, Expert
UNIVAC 1401 IBM 370 Macintosh, systems
IBM PC

* Explanation of book page no 5-7

Copy Work: (5 mint)

 Subjective Type Questions (Marking in Book)

Q3. Describe Electro-mechanical era of evolution of computer.

Q4. Describe Electronic era of evolution of computer.

Recap: (5 mints)
Teacher will have a short recap of class by asking.

Which device was developed in electro mechanical era?

Which language was used in 1st generation of computer?
Which technological advancement cause the categorization of generations?
Day-03

General Information:
Unit: FGS Class: IX-Sci
Topic: Fundamentals of computer Duration of Class: 45 mints
Subject: Computer Month: August’2023
Prepared by: Adina Fatima

Objectives:
To classify the computers as per their size and technology used to date.
To observe differences of analog and digital computers.
To recognize differences between general purpose and special purpose.

Methodology:
Discussion Method, Explanation Method

Teaching Aids:
White Board, Blue and Black markers, Duster.

Motivation: (5 mints)
Teacher will ask some questions to students:
1. What are digital computers?
2. What is the purpose of computer in different fields?
3. Which size of computer do we prefer in our daily life?

Introduction:
After collecting responses of starter question, Teacher could continue with classification of
computers according to technology, size and purpose.

Developmental Activity/ Subject Matter Delivery: (30 mints)

Classification of Computers:
Computers can be classified into different ways as shown below:

* Explanation of book page no 7-10

Copy Work/Homework: (5 mints)

 Subjective type Questions (marking in book)

Q.5 Define the type of computer according to technology or data handling.
Q.6 Explain the classification of computer according to size and memory.
Q.7 Define the type of computer according to purpose.

Recap: (5 mints)
Teacher will have a short recap about the class by asking,

Name types of computer on basis of size.

What are digital computers?
Which computers do we use in our homes?
Day-04

General Information:
Unit: FGS Class: IX-Sci
Topic: Fundamentals of computer Duration of Class: 45 mints
Subject: Computer Month: August’2023
Prepared by: Adina Fatima

Objectives:
To shed light on different aspects of the changing role of computer in our lives.
To tell about scope of the different careers in IT sector.

Methodology:
Discussion Method, Explanation Method

Teaching Aids:
White Board, Blue and Black markers, Duster.

Motivation: (5 mints)
Teacher will ask some questions to students:

1. Can you name some IT fields that you know so far?

2. What is your scope of learning computer science?

Introduction:
After collecting responses of starter question, Teacher could continue with students in
explaining the uses of computer in different fields of life.

Developmental Activity/ Subject Matter Delivery: (30 mints)

Teacher will explain students how IT is affecting our lifestyle by providing a variety of
choices for entertainment and day by day tasks and the Today and tomorrow of computers.
Computer in different fields of life: We are living today in the information
era and the information has become one of the most valuable assets. To process this
information, we make use of computers in various fields in our daily life. Computers
have been integrated in our life in different shapes and sizes like desktops, laptops,
mobile phones, gaming consoles and smart devices.
Careers in IT Fields: Today Computer Science plays a key role in all fields
of life. Computer Science (CS) jobs are ranked as having some of the highest salaries
in the world. It's no surprise that Computer Science and Information Technology (IT)
are changing tomorrow's job market.

* Explanation of book page no 10-14.

Copy Work/Homework: (5 mints)

 Subjective type Questions

Q.8 Discuss the uses of computer in any two fields.

Recap: (5 mints)

Teacher will ask students to answer the given question from home.
Teacher will have a short recap about the Lesson by asking,
Which fields or organizations pursue the use of computer?
What are the uses of computer in different fields?
Day-05

General Information:
Unit: FGS Class: IX-Sci
Topic: Fundamentals of computer Duration of Class: 45 mints
Subject: Computer Month: August’2023
Prepared by: Adina Fatima

Objectives:
To Describe computer hardware.
To explain the different parts of system unit.

Methodology:
Discussion Method, Explanation Method

Teaching Aids:
White Board, Blue and Black markers, Duster.

Motivation: (5 mints)
Teacher will ask some questions to students:
1. What is hardware?
2. What is system unit?
3. What is motherboard?
4. What is the full form of CPU?

Introduction:
After collecting responses of starter question, Teacher could continue with students in
explaining the function of system unit and its parts like: Motherboard and CPU.

Developmental Activity/ Subject Matter Delivery: (15 mints)

Teacher will explain students about computer hardware and how different parts of system
unit process our data to get the job done.
Hardware: Hardware is the physical parts of the computer that run programs
and applications. Hardware can be seen and touched while software cannot.
Computer Hardware: Computer hardware is a collection of all the physical
parts or components of a computer. It includes the computer casing, the CPU or
Central Processing Unit, computer memory, VGA graphics card, sound card, and the
motherboard.
System Unit: A System Unit is the part of a computer that contains the
primary devices. The system unit performs operations and produces results for
complex calculations. It includes the motherboard, CPU, RAM and other components,
as well as the case in which these devices are enclosed.

* Explanation of book page no 14-17.

Copy Work/Homework:

 Subjective type Questions (Marking in book)

Q.9 Define CPU and its parts.

Recap: (5 mints)

Teacher will have a short recap about the Lesson by asking,

Which parts does a system unit contain?
Which part of CPU performs logical operations?
Day-06

General Information:
Unit: FGS Class: IX-Sci
Topic: Fundamentals of computer Duration of Class: 45 mints
Subject: Computer Month: August’2023
Prepared by: Adina Fatima

Objectives:
To Describe computer hardware.
To explain the different parts of system unit.

Methodology:
Discussion Method, Explanation Method

Teaching Aids:
White Board, Blue and Black markers, Duster.

Motivation: (5 mints)
Teacher will ask some questions to students:
1. What are buses?
2. What is input/output devices?
3. Which input and output devices do we use commonly?
4. What are storage devices?
Introduction:
After collecting responses of starter question, Teacher could continue with students in
explaining buses, the function of input and output devices and difference of soft copy and
hard copy output devices and storage devices.

Developmental Activity/ Subject Matter Delivery: (15 mints)

Teacher will explain students about parts of system unit like: Busses, input and out devices
and storage devices along with its categories and their functions.

Buses: In computer, Buses are the electric paths on which data is sent and
received by different components. They are just like roads. They also connect all
internal components on the motherboard. There are three types of buses; control bus,
data bus and address bus.

Input devices: Input devices are used to enter data into computers. These
devices can be categorized into Text Entering, Pointing and Image Scanning Devices.

Output devices: A hardware device that sends data from a computer (CPU) to
another device or user is called an output device. The most common output devices of
a computer are monitor and printer. There are two types of output devices. Soft copy
Output devices, Hard copy output devices.
 Storage devices: A storage device refers to a hardware used to store
information. There are two types of storage devices; Primary and Secondary.

* Explanation of book page no 17-20.

Copy Work/Homework:

 Subjective type Questions (Marking in book)

Q.10 Define buses and its types.

Q.11 Differentiate between hard copy and soft copy output.
Q.12 Differentiate between Primary and secondary storage.

Recap: (5 mints)

Teacher will have a short recap about the Lesson by asking,

Which parts does a system unit connects components on motherboard?
Which output device give results in paper form?
Which storage device stores data permanently?
Day-07

General Information:
Unit: FGS Class: IX-Sci
Topic: Fundamentals of computer Duration of Class: 45 mints
Subject: Computer Month: August’2023
Prepared by: Adina Fatima

Objectives:
To explain the basic operations of computer.
To differentiate between four basic operations of computer.
To draw the block diagram of computer’s basic operations.

Methodology:
Discussion Method, Explanation Method

Teaching Aids:
White Board, Blue and Black markers, Duster.

Motivation: (5 mints)
Teacher will ask some questions to students:
1. What are the basic operations of computer?
2. What is difference between these basic operations?

Introduction:
After collecting responses of starter question, Teacher could continue with students in
explaining basic operations of computer on the given instruction.

Developmental Activity/ Subject Matter Delivery: (30 mints)

Teacher will explain students the basic operations of a computer.

Basic operations of a computer: A computer is a machine that acts according to the

instructions given by the user. A computer performs four basic operations: Input,
Process, Output and Storage.
* Explanation of book page no 20-21.

Copy Work/Homework: (5 mints)

 Subjective type Questions (Marking in book)

Q.13 Define basic operations of computer.

Q.14 Draw block diagram of basic operations of computer.

Recap: (5 mints)

Teacher will have a short recap about the Lesson by asking,

Which basic operations does a computer perform?
What are the three parts of CPU?
What does a command instruct the computer called?
Day-08

General Information:
Unit: FGS Class: IX-Sci
Topic: Fundamentals of computer Duration of Class: 45 mints
Subject: Computer Month: August’2023
Prepared by: Adina Fatima

Objectives:
To develop the understanding about computer software.
To Recognize various types o9f system software.
To List out the different applications software.
To differentiate between application and system software.

Methodology:
Discussion Method, Explanation Method

Teaching Aids:
White Board, Blue and Black markers, Duster.

Motivation: (3 mints)
Teacher will ask some questions to students:
1. What is software?
2. Name some software we use in our daily lives.
3. Do you know about the categorize of software?

Introduction:
After collecting responses of starter question, Teacher could continue with students in
explaining Software and its types and differences of system and application software.

Developmental Activity/ Subject Matter Delivery: (30 mints)

Teacher will explain students what the software is? And how many types of software are
there?

Software: Software is a set of instructions that a computer uses to perform a task. It is a

general term for a computer program. There are two main types of software; System
Software and Application Software.
These types of software also include their subdivisions. Like:
System software include: operating systems, device drivers, utility programs, and
language translators. While Application software include different types like:
Productivity software, Business software, Entertainment software, Educational software.
* Explanation of book page no 21-23.

Copy Work/Homework: (2 mints)

 Subjective type Questions (Homework)

Q.15 Differentiate between System and Application software.

Recap: (10 mints)

Teacher will have a short recap about the Lesson by asking,

What are the soft copy output devices?
What are pointing devices?
How many ages of computer evolution are there?
What was the first device of dark age?
What are the major components of each generations?
How many generations of computer are there?
Who dreamed of a computer?
Which basic operations does a computer perform?
Which part of computer process data?
General Information:
Unit: FGS Class: IX-Sci
Topic: Fundamentals of Operating System Duration of Class: 40 mints
Subject: Computer Month: September’2024
Prepared by: Adina Fatima No of teaching day(s):5

Objectives:
Students will be able to:
 Define an operating system and understand its importance
 Identify and describe the main functions of an operating system.
 Understand how these functions contribute to the overall operation of a computer
system.

Day 01

Methodology:
Discussion Method, Explanation Method

Teaching Aids:
White Board, Blue and Black markers, Duster.

Motivation: (5 mints)
Teacher will ask some questions to students:
What is an operating system?
Why do we need an operating system in a computer??
Can you name any operating systems you know?

Introduction:
Introduce the concept of an operating system by eliciting responses from students. Write the
following definition on the board: “An Operating System (OS) is a software that manages
computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer
programs." Explain the importance of an operating system as the backbone of a computer
system, enabling users and applications to interact with the hardware.

Developmental Activity/ Subject Matter Delivery: (30 mints)

Operating System: An Operating System (OS) is software that manages computer hardware
and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.

Functions of Operating System:

[Link]
[Link] Management

[Link] Interface or Command Interpreter:

[Link] Management:

[Link]/Output (I/O) Management

[Link] Management

[Link] Management

* Explanation of book page no 31-34

Copy Work: (5 mints)

 Subjective Type Questions (Marking in book)

Q1. Define Operating System. Give three examples of operating systems.

Q2. Describe the function of Operating System..

Recap: (5 mints)

Teacher will have a short recap of class by asking.

Definition of Operating System
List the functions of an OS?
Day-02

General Information:
Unit: FGS Class: IX-Sci
Topic: Fundamentals of Operating System Duration of Class: 45 mints
Subject: Computer Month: September’2024
Prepared by: Adina Fatima

Objectives:
Students will be able to:

 Define what a user interface is.

 Identify and describe various types of user interfaces.
 Identify the characteristics and uses of each type of interface.
 Understand the differences between Single User and Multi-User Operating Systems.

Methodology:
Discussion Method, Explanation Method

Teaching Aids:
White Board, Blue and Black markers, Duster.

Motivation: (5 mints)
Start with a brief discussion on how we interact with different devices daily (e.g.,
smartphones, computers, ATMs).
Ask students how they prefer to interact with their devices and why.
Ask students, “Have you ever had to wait for a computer to complete a task before you could
use it? What do you think happens behind the scenes to manage these tasks?”

Introduction:
Ask the students, “What do you use to interact with your smartphone or computer?”
Collect responses and discuss the different ways people interact with their devices. Write
down the definition of interface on board “An interface is the point of interaction that enables
communication between a user and a computer system or between two systems.” Ask
students if they use their computer alone or share it with others. .Then discuss Single User
and Multi-User OS

Developmental Activity/ Subject Matter Delivery: (30 mints)

Interface: An interface is the point of interaction that enables communication between a user
and a computer system or between two systems.

Types of Interface: The two types of interface are as follow

[Link]

[Link]

Single User Operating System

 Description: Designed to manage the computer for one user at a time.

Multi-User Operating System

 Description: Allows multiple users to access and use the computer simultaneously or
sequentially.

* Explanation of book page no 34-36

Copy Work: (5 mint)

 Subjective Type Questions (Marking in Book)

Q3. Differentiate between CLI and GUI. Write any two benefits of each.

Q4. What is the difference between single user and multi user OS?

Recap: (5 mints)
Teacher will have a short recap of class by asking.

What is interface? What are the types of user interface

Difference between single user and multiuser.

Day-03

General Information:
Unit: FGS Class: IX-Sci
Topic: Fundamentals of Operating System Duration of Class: 45 mints
Subject: Computer Month: September’2024
Prepared by: Adina Fatima

Objectives:
Students will be able to:

 Define different types of operating systems

 Explain the characteristics and use cases of Batch Processing OS,Time Sharing OS,
and Real-Time Processing OS.
 Differentiate between hard real-time and soft real-time operating systems.

Methodology:
Discussion Method, Explanation Method

Teaching Aids:
White Board, Blue and Black markers, Duster.

Motivation: (5 mints)
Begin by asking students:

 Have you heard of different types of operating systems?

 What type of operating system do you think your computer or smartphone uses?
 Why do you think there are different types of operating systems?
Introduction:
Introduce the topic by explaining that operating systems can be categorized based on how
they manage processes and resources. Write the definition on the board: “Operating systems
can be classified into various types based on their functionality and use cases, including
Batch Processing OS, Time Sharing OS, and Real-Time Processing OS.”

Developmental Activity/ Subject Matter Delivery: (30 mints)

Batch Processing OS:

 Definition: An operating system that executes batches of jobs without user

interaction. Jobs with similar needs are grouped and processed together.
Time Sharing OS:

 Definition: An operating system that allows multiple users to interact with the
computer simultaneously. It shares system resources among multiple users at the same
time.

Real-Time Processing OS:

 Definition: An operating system designed to process data as it comes in, typically

within a guaranteed time frame. Used in environments where time constraints are
critical.
Types:

 Hard Real-Time OS
 Soft Real-Time OS
* Explanation of book page no 36-38

Copy Work: (5 mint)

 Subjective Type Questions (Marking in Book)

Q5. Discuss different types of OS.

Q6. What is the major difference between Soft Real Time and Hard Real Time systems?

Recap: (5 mints)
Teacher will have a short recap of class by asking.

What is Operating System?

What are the types of Operating System?

Difference between Soft Real Time and Hard Real Time systems?

Day-04

General Information:
Unit: FGS Class: IX-Sci
Topic: Fundamentals of Operating System Duration of Class: 45 mints
Subject: Computer Month: September’2024
Prepared by: Adina Fatima

Objectives:
Students will be able to:

 Understand the steps involved in installing the Windows operating system.

 Perform a clean installation of Windows.

Methodology:
Discussion Method, Explanation Method

Teaching Aids:
White Board, Blue and Black markers, Duster.

Motivation: (5 mints)
Begin by asking students:

 Have you ever installed software on your computer?

 What operating system do you currently use?
 Why do you think it is important to know how to install an operating system?
 Have you faced any issues during software installation?
Introduction:
Introduce the topic by explaining the importance of installing an operating system. Write the
definition on the board: “Software installation is the process of setting up software on a
computer so that it can be executed and used.” Explain that today’s lesson will focus on the
steps to install the Windows operating system, which is a fundamental skill for computer
users

Developmental Activity/ Subject Matter Delivery: (30 mints)

Preparation for Installation:

 Requirements:
o A computer with a minimum hardware configuration (CPU, RAM, hard disk
space).
o A bootable Windows installation media (USB drive or DVD)

For installing Windows 10, we will need at least the following configuration.

Processor 1 GHz (speed of CPU should be at least 1 Gigahertz)

Memory 1 GB for 32 bit or 2 GB for 64 bit (RAM)

 Storage 32 GB (hard disk space should be atleast 32 Giga bytes)

Graphics Cards DirectX 9 or later with WWDM 1.0 driver (graphics card is computer
hardware that produces images seen on monitor screen)

Display 800x600 (computer monitor capability)

* Explanation of book page no 38-39

Copy Work: (5 mint)

 Subjective Type Questions (Marking in Book)

Q7. What will be the minimum configuration of installing Windows 10 OS?

Q8. Write down the major steps for installing Windows 10?

Recap: (5 mints)
Teacher will have a short recap of class by asking.

 What are the steps to prepare a computer for Windows installation?

 What are the key steps in the Windows installation process?

Day-05

General Information:
Unit: FGS Class: IX-Sci
Topic: Fundamentals of Operating System Duration of Class: 45 mints
Subject: Computer Month: September’2024
Prepared by: Adina Fatima

Objectives:
Students will be able to:
 Understand the importance of office automation software and antivirus software.
 Learn the steps to install office automation software.
 Learn the steps to install antivirus software.

Methodology:
Discussion Method, Explanation Method

Teaching Aids:
White Board, Blue and Black markers, Duster.

Motivation: (5 mints)
Begin by asking students:
 What office software do you use for creating documents, spreadsheets, and
presentations?
 Have you ever installed office software or antivirus on your computer?
 Why is it important to have antivirus software installed?
 What features do you think are essential in office automation software and antivirus
software?

Introduction:
Introduce the topic by explaining the importance of office automation software and antivirus
software in daily computing tasks.
Write the definitions on the board:
 “Office Automation Software includes applications like word processors,
spreadsheets, and presentation software that help in creating and managing documents
and data.”
 “Antivirus Software is designed to detect, prevent, and remove malware and other
malicious software from a computer.”

Developmental Activity/ Subject Matter Delivery: (30 mints)

To install MS- Office package we need to take following steps.

1Run the MS- Office setup from USB, DVD or Hard Disk backup.

2. Check the box marked 'I accept the terms of this agreement' and click on 'Continue'.

3. Enter Product Key.

4. Click on Install Now or Customize procedure.

[Link] the package which you want to install. Click on 'Install Now'.

6. Then installation begins.

7. MS Office installer will notify automatically after finishing the installation.

* Explanation of book page no 40-42

Copy Work: (5 mint)

 Subjective Type Questions (Marking in Book)

Q9. Define the process of software installation.

Q10. Why it is important to install an antivirus?

Q11. Write down the major steps for installing MS-Office.

Recap: (5 mints)
Teacher will have a short recap of class by asking.

What is the purpose of installing MS-Office?

Why it is important to install an antivirus?