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History

Motorcycles manufactured by Royal Enfield

Bullet

Classic

Hunter

Shotgun

Scram

Himalayan

Interceptor 650 and Continental GT 650

Meteor 350/650

Guerrilla

Bear 650

Manufacturing plants

See also

References
Further reading

External links

Royal Enfield

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the Indian motorcycle manufacturer. For the former British motorcycle
manufacturer, see Royal Enfield (England).

Royal Enfield Motors Ltd.

Company type Subsidiary

Industry Automotive

Predecessor Royal Enfield (1901–1971)

Founded 1955; 70 years ago (as Enfield Motors)

1901; 124 years ago (as The Enfield Cycle Company Limited)

Headquarters Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India[1]

Areas served Worldwide

Key people

B Govindarajan (Managing Director)

Products Motorcycles

Production output Increase 846,000 units (2018)

Revenue Increase ₹8,965 crore (US$1.1 billion) (2018)

Operating income Increase ₹2,808 crore (US$330 million) (2018)

Net income Increase ₹1,960 crore (US$230 million) (2018)

Parent Eicher Motors

Subsidiaries

Royal Enfield North America

Royal Enfield UK

Royal Enfield Brazil

Royal Enfield Thailand

Harris Performance Products

Website [Link]

Royal Enfield is an Indian motorcycle manufacturer, headquartered and manufactured in Chennai.[1]

Royal Enfield is the oldest motorcycle manufacturer in continuous production.[2]

The first Royal Enfield motorcycle was built in 1901 by The Enfield Cycle Company of Redditch,
Worcestershire, England, the company was responsible for the design and original production of the
Royal Enfield Bullet, the longest-lived motorcycle design in history.[3] Licensed from the original
English Royal Enfield by Madras Motors, the company is now a subsidiary of Eicher Motors, an Indian
automaker.[4] The company makes classic-looking motorcycles including the Royal Enfield Bullet,
Classic 350, Royal Enfield Thunderbird, Meteor 350, Classic 500, Interceptor 650, Continental, Hunter
350 and many more. Royal Enfield also makes adventurous and offroading motorcycles like the
Royal Enfield Himalayan. Their motorcycles are equipped with single-cylinder and twin-cylinder
engines.[5]

History

Bullet with plain "Enfield" tank badge

Royal Enfield Bullet Electra 350, Pure Black

Royal Enfield Bullet Electra 350, 2004

Royal Enfield Classic 350, 2010 model

Logo used from 1995 to early 2014

Royal Enfield Bullet, Lake Rewalsar. 2010

After India gained independence in 1947, the then government looked for a suitable motorcycle for
the army patrolling the borders. In 1952 they chose the Royal Enfield Bullet, in 1954 ordering 800
units of the 350 cc model. In 1955, the Redditch company partnered with Madras Motors in India to
form 'Enfield India' to assemble, under licence, the 350 cc Royal Enfield Bullet motorcycle in Madras
(now Chennai), including the factory tooling, sold to Enfield India.[6] By 1962, all components were
made in India. Enfield India used the 1960 engine (with metric bearing sizes); Royal Enfield still
makes essentially the same bike in 350 cc and 500 cc models, and now different models for other
market segments.[7]

In the year 1990, Royal Enfield collaborated with the Eicher Group, an automotive company in India,
and merged with it in 1994.[8] Apart from bikes, Eicher Group is involved in the production and sales
of commercial vehicles and automotive gears. Although Royal Enfield experienced difficulties in the
1990s, and ceased motorcycle production at their Jaipur factory in 2002,[9] by 2013 the company
opened a new primary factory in the Chennai suburb of Oragadam on the strength of increased
demand for its motorcycles. This was followed in 2017 by the inauguration of another new factory of
a similar size to the facility at Oragadam (capacity 600,000 vehicles per year) at Vallam Vadagal. The
original factory at Tiruvottiyur became secondary, and continues to produce some limited-run
motorcycle models.[10][11][12][13]

In November 2015, a flooding, produced by the heaviest rainfall in Chennai in over a century, caused
Royal Enfield to cut production by 4,000 motorcycles, followed by a shutdown of the plants in
Thiruvottiyur and Oragadam on 1 December, as well as the company offices in Chennai.[14]
Production resumed at 50% capacity on 7 December and operations at both plants were back to
normal on 14 December.[15]

Royal Enfield announced its first takeover of another company in May 2015 with the purchase of a
UK motorcycle design and manufacturing firm, Harris Performance Products,[16][17] that had
previously developed the chassis of the Royal Enfield Continental GT Cafe Racer.[18] Harris work
with the UK-based part of Royal Enfield's development team, who are based at the UK Technology
Centre at Bruntingthorpe Proving Ground in Leicestershire. The team was established in January
2015, and moved into their new, purpose-built facility in May 2017. By the end of 2019, the team
numbered 155 and carries out the full spectrum of design and development activities, from concept
generation and clay design to engineering design, prototyping and validation.

Royal Enfield currently sells motorcycles in more than 50 countries. Royal Enfield surpassed Harley-
Davidson in global sales in 2015.[19][20]

Continental GT 535 2014

2014 Continental GT 535

In August 2015, Royal Enfield Motors announced it is establishing its North American headquarters
and a dealership in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, with the intention to offer three bikes, the Bullet 500,
Classic 500 and Continental GT 535 Cafe Racer as they feel this engine size represents an under-
served market. The dealership will be Royal Enfield's first company-owned store in the U.S.,
according to Rod Copes, president of Royal Enfield North America.[21][22] The company wants to
establish about 100 dealerships in American cities starting with Milwaukee.

Later in August 2015, parent-business Eicher announced its entry in Indonesia as a part of its global
strategy in the mid-sized (250–750 cc) motorcycle segment, initially starting retail operations from a
dealership in Jakarta.[23][24] From April to September, 2015, Royal Enfield's domestic sales were
50% higher than the previous year, despite a declining motorcycle market in India.[25]

Motorcycles manufactured by Royal Enfield

Main article: List of Royal Enfield motorcycles

Bullet
Main article: Royal Enfield Bullet

A 2002 model RE Bullet

The Royal Enfield Bullet has the longest unchanged production run of any motorcycle, having
remained continuously in production since 1948.[26][27] The Bullet marque is even older and has
passed 75 years of continuous production. The Royal Enfield and Bullet names were derived from
the British company which had been a subcontractor to the Royal Small Arms Factory in Enfield,
London.[27]

It has been long associated with the Police and Armed forces in India and owning one is considered a
privilege by most Indians and continues to remain ever popular in India. Although the Bullet 500 was
discontinued due to poor sales, The Next Generation Bullet 350 was launched on September 1, 2023.
It has a retro style and is priced at ₹1.74 lakh (US$2,090) in India. In January 2024 Royal Enfield
Bullet 350 was launched in two new colors- Military Silver Black and Military Silver Red.[28]

Classic

Main article: Royal Enfield Classic

Royal Enfield Classic 350 and Classic 500 are models of Royal Enfield motorcycles which have been in
production since 2009. The Classic series of Royal Enfield motorcycles are inspired by the Royal
Enfield G2 350cc Bullet motorcycle, first produced in 1948.[29] It has also been confused often with
the Bullet for their similar look in design as the Classic is a modernised version of the original Royal
Enfield [Link] 350

Hunter

Main article: Royal Enfield Hunter 350

The Royal Enfield Hunter 350[30][31][32] is a roadster motorcycle launched by Royal Enfield in
August 2022[33][34] in India. It is powered by 349cc BS6 engine that produces 20.2 bhp and 27 Nm
of torque. The Hunter 350[35] is the most affordable motorcycle under the new J-platform, and the
second least expensive bike after Royal Enfield Bullet 350. The motorcycle features a retro-style
single-piece seat, a classic round headlamp, a flat handlebar and a sculpted fuel tank. Within a
month of launch Hunter 350 becomes the second highest selling Royal Enfield
motorcycle.[36]Hunter 350

Shotgun

Royal Enfield Shotgun 650 is a 648cc, parallel-twin motor that pumps out 46.40bhp at 7,250rpm and
a peak torque of 52.3Nm at 5,650rpm. The oil-cooled engine is paired to a six-speed gearbox, with a
slipper clutch. The factory-custom bobber based on the same platform as the new Continental GT
650. A limited edition Shotgun was launched at the Motoverse 2023 with an attractive blue-and-
black color scheme.[37] Later on the production version was revealed which had the same
specifications as the Motoverse edition except the color scheme .[38]Shotgun 650

Scram

The Royal Enfield Scram is a minimalistic street scrambler which is a close cousin to the Himalayan
411, even saying "Himalayan Scram" on the side panels and has the same fuel tank as the 2015-2023
Himalayan. It is powered by a 411cc BS6-2.0 emissions standard air cooled engine which produces
24.3 bhp and 32nm torque.[39] It was launched in March 2022 as Enfield's first ADV crossover.

Royal Enfield unveiled a new Scram model called the "Scram 440", as a replacement for the Scram
411 based on the same engine platform in November 2024. The new update model features an
updated engine which goes up in cubic capacity from 411cc to 443cc; Power and torque have
climbed from 24.3hp at 6,500rpm and 32Nm at 4,250rpm to 25.4hp at 6,250rpm and 34Nm at
4,000rpm.[40]Scram 440

Himalayan

Main article: Royal Enfield Himalayan

Original Royal Enfield Himalayan (2015-2023)

The Royal Enfield Himalayan is an adventure touring motorcycle manufactured by Royal Enfield. It
was revealed in February 2015 and launched in early 2016. Pierre Terblanche led the design team
during Himalayan's development.[41] It is specially designed for use on adventure trails.

An entirely new Himalayan was launched on 24 November 2023, with a liquid cooled Sherpa 450
engine, switchable ABS as standard, and improved design and build quality. It is the first motorcycle
in Royal Enfield's history to be powered by a liquid cooled engine. It was named the Royal Enfield
Himalayan 450, and the old model was discontinued in November 2023.[42]Himalayan 450 Sherpa
450

Interceptor 650 and Continental GT 650

Main articles: Royal Enfield Interceptor 650 and Royal Enfield Continental GT

Royal Enfield unveiled a 650 cc twin-cylinder engine at their Technology Centre, Harris Performance
Products, in Leicestershire, England, in November 2017 to power a new generation of Royal Enfield
motorcycles. It was showcased at the Milan Motorcycle Show on 7 November 2017 in Italy,[43]
where two motorcycles based on the engine, the Interceptor 650 and Continental GT 650 were
revealed.[44] Both models were introduced to the US market in November 2018 to positive
reviews.[45][46] The Interceptor is marketed as the INT650 in the United States where Honda has a
trademark on the "Interceptor" name.[47] In 2020 to 2021, the 650cc twins were the best-selling
motorcycles in Great Britain.[48]

The Royal Enfield Continental GT is a Neo-retro Café Racer .The first model to use the name, the
Continental GT 250, was produced by Royal Enfield in 1960s Britain. The name was revived in the
2010s with the Continental GT 535 (now discontinued) and Continental GT 650.

Meteor 350/650

Main article: Royal Enfield Meteor

Super Meteor 650 Celestial Red variant

Royal Enfield launched a new lineup of cruiser motorcycles on 6 November 2020 named the Meteor.
It replaced the Thunderbird 350 and 350X series which were discontinued earlier that year. It uses a
349 cc single cylinder engine featuring a single overhead camshaft system (SOHC), and a completely
new engine with fewer moving parts than the 346 cc. A 648 cc, air cooled version of the bike has
been revealed named the Royal Enfield Super Meteor 650 which was released on January 16,
2023.[49] It is the first Royal Enfield to offer the Tripper navigation system.[50]Meteor 350

Guerrilla

Main article: Royal Enfield Guerrilla 450

The Royal Enfield Guerrilla is a new roadster unveiled on 17 July, 2024 by Royal Enfield.[51][52] It is
based on the 2023 Himalayan featuring the same chassis, 6-speed gearbox, and the 452cc liquid-
cooled Sherpa Engine, with 39.47 bhp and 40 Nm of torque. The Guerrilla features a new rear sub-
frame, 17 inch alloy wheels, and a 140mm telescopic fork front suspension, while reducing the
stroke value of the rear suspension to 150mm.[53] The bike features a minimalistic design with a
smaller 11 litre fuel tank while retaining the round LED headlamp and flat-style handlebar, common
amongst its three variants.[54]

Bear 650

The Royal Enfield Interceptor Bear 650 was officially released on October 31, 2024.[55] It has been
described as "a stylish scrambler-styled standard based primarily on the brand's INT 650 model,
though with some notable differences."[56]

On the Design and Styling front, Bear 650 comes with a scrambler seat, side panel number boards,
and urban-off-road aesthetics. Full LED lights bring modern functionality.
Derived from the Shotgun series this motorcycle uses Showa USD Forks, but optimized for scrambler
duties with longer suspension travel. To complement its off-road credentials, the ride height has
been raised. The Interceptor Bear 650 retains the Interceptor 650's brakes but upgrades the front
disc size for added stopping power along with Dual-channel ABS with a switchable rear ABS.

Equipped with a full-color TFT screen with integrated navigation brings modern tech to the classic
platform. Powered by the 650cc parallel-twin engine delivering 47bhp and an increased torque of
57N-m (5N-m more than the Interceptor), while saving weight owing to two-into-one exhaust
system.

Manufacturing plants

Royal Enfield North America Headquarters in Milwaukee

Thiruvottiyur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India[57]

Oragadam Industrial Corridor, Oragadam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

SIPCOT Industrial Park, Vallam Vadagal, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India[58]

See also

List of Royal Enfield motorcycles

References

"Eicher Motors Integrated Annual Report 2023-24" (PDF).

Can the oldest global motorcycle brand become sexy & cool to draw in a younger audience?,
Economic Times, 23 December 2017.

Pullen, Greg (2021). Royal Enfield: A Complete History. The Crowood Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-1-78500-
853-5.

Sinha, Varun (15 January 2014). "Royal Enfield's success boosts Eicher Motors fortunes". NDTV.
Retrieved 7 November 2015.

Subramanian, Samanth (3 January 2014). "A Cult Motorcycle From India Takes on the World". The
New York Times. Retrieved 31 October 2015. A version of this article appears in print on 4 January
2014, on page B1 of the New York edition with the headline: A Cult Motorcycle From India Takes on
the World.

"History | Royal Enfield | "Made Like A Gun", Since 1901". Royal Enfield Australia. Retrieved 3
February 2021.

"History". Royal Enfield – Official Website. Retrieved 4 November 2015.

Lal, Siddhartha (3 January 2010). "Royal Enfield: Man among boys". The Economic Times. Archived
from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 31 October 2015.
 Sinha, Vivek (28 September 2002). "Enfield strikes at Lightning, to fly Thunderbird". The Economic
Times. TNN. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
Manufacturing at the Jaipur plant, which has a capacity to produce 13,000 mobikes, is under
suspension and according to the plan it is expected to resume operations as soon as the Chennai
plant achieves full capacity utilisation.

Thakkar, Ketan (14 May 2012). "Eicher Motors to invest Rs 350 crore in Chennai for Royal Enfield's
new plant". The Economic Times. Archived from the original on 9 January 2014. Retrieved 30
October 2015.

"Royal Enfield rolls out first motorcycle from Oragadam plant". The Economic Times. PTI. 30 April
2013. Archived from the original on 3 May 2013. Retrieved 30 October 2015.

Sunny, Ken (1 October 2015). "Royal Enfield sales jump 59% in September 2015". International
Business Times, India Edition. Retrieved 30 October 2015.

Balachandar, G. (13 November 2014). "Royal Enfield to set up second project at Oragadam
corridor". The Hindu. Retrieved 30 October 2015.

"Production at Royal Enfield's Chennai plant hit by floods". Business Line. PTI. 3 December 2015.
Retrieved 4 December 2015.

"Royal Enfield resumes normal operations at two plants in Chennai". Daily News and Analysis. PTI.
18 December 2015. Retrieved 31 December 2015.

Narasimhan, T. E. (12 May 2015). "Royal Enfield buys UK-based firm Harris Performance". BS
Motoring. Business Standard. Retrieved 30 October 2015.

"Royal Enfield acquires UK based Harris Performance company". The Financial Express (India). PTI.
12 May 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2015. ...Royal Enfield will acquire all assets, employees, trade
names, technical know-how and intellectual property of Harris Performance Products Ltd, the
company said in a statement without disclosing the deal value.

Yu, Andria (3 August 2014). "Motorcycle review: Royal Enfield looks for comeback". USA Today.
Retrieved 30 October 2015.

Doval, Pankaj (2 February 2015). "Royal Enfield races past Harley-Davidson in global sales". The
Times of India. Retrieved 7 November 2015. Although HD motorcycles sell at a huge premium over
their RE kin (HD's most affordable model in India sells for around Rs 5 lakh while RE's most expensive
model comes for Rs 2 lakh), what's remarkable is the stunning turnaround by one of the world's
oldest motorcycle brands.

Balachandran, Manu (22 February 2015). "How Royal Enfield won over the Indian motorcyclist—and
now looks unstoppable". Quartz. Retrieved 1 November 2015.

Nabanita Singha Roy (18 January 2015). "Royal Enfield President rides a Continental GT". RushLane.
Retrieved 30 October 2015.

"Royal Enfield names Rod Copes as President for North American operations". The Economic Times.
PTI. 6 August 2014. Retrieved 24 October 2015. Copes has previously worked with Harley-Davidson
for nearly 20 years, most recently as Head of Global Sales and Customer Service.

Philip, Lijee (24 September 2015). "How Royal Enfield's Siddhartha Lal seeks to replicate India's
success in overseas markets". The Economic Times. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
"Royal Enfield enters Indonesian market in mid-sized motorcycle segment". Business Today. Indo-
Asian News Service. 24 August 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2015.

"Royal Enfield one bright spot in gloomy motorcycle market". The Economic Times. PTI. 18 October
2014. Retrieved 24 October 2015. The company's performance is in sharp contrast to the overall
segment, which has been reeling under a slowdown with rural sales affected by below normal
monsoon in several parts of the country.

"Bullet Classic Range". Retrieved 16 December 2008.

"Ep1". Our Guy in India. 2015. Channel 4.

"Royal Enfield Bullet 350 is now available in two new colors at Rs 1.79 lakh". Motorlane. 25 January
2024.

"2022 Royal Enfield Classic 350 First Look". Cycle World. Retrieved 17 June 2022.

"Royal Enfield launches Hunter 350". The Hindu. 10 August 2022.

"Royal Enfield Hunter 350 to launch on August 7: How to watch live, expected price, features and
more". DNA India. Retrieved 14 June 2023.

"Royal Enfield Hunter 350 to launch in India today: Watch it LIVE here [Video]". Zee News. Retrieved
14 June 2023.

"Royal Enfield Hunter 350 launched in India at Rs 1.50 lakh". Auto Car. 7 August 2022.

"Royal Enfield Hunter 350 revealed by MD Siddhartha Lal before the launch: Here are all the
features". The Economic Times. 5 August 2022. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 14 June 2023.

Dutta, Raajwrita (8 August 2022). "2022 Royal Enfield Hunter 350 Launch: Price, Booking in India, &
Specifications". TheQuint. Retrieved 14 June 2023.

"Royal Enfield Hunter 350 becomes second best-selling RE within a month of launch". Financial
Express. 16 September 2022.

"Shotgun 650 Launched, Royal Enfield Surprised everyone at Motoverse 2023". Motorlane. 3
December 2023.

"The Mighty Debut: Royal Enfield Shotgun 650's Production Version Reveal". Motorlane. 14
December 2023.

Roberson, William. "Ride Review: The Royal Enfield Scram 411 Is The Safest Motorcycle I've Ever
Ridden". Forbes. Retrieved 28 April 2024.

Mody, Rishaad. "Royal Enfield Scram 440 revealed, launch in January 2025". Autocar India.
Retrieved 23 November 2024.

"Design legend Pierre Terblanche joins Royal Enfield". [Link]. Retrieved 5 April 2020.

Motorcycle News, November 2023: Royal Enfield Himalayan (2024-on) Review

Sonil, Naveen (6 November 2017). "Royal Enfield unveils 650cc twin-cylinder engine". The Times of
India. Retrieved 6 November 2017.

"Royal Enfield Enters New Era With Two 650s, the Interceptor and Continental GT". 8 November
2017.
"2019 Royal Enfield Interceptor 650 and Continental GT | Road Test Review". 5 October 2018.

"2019 Royal Enfield Continental GT 650 First Ride". 18 November 2018.

"2019 Royal Enfield INT650 First Ride". 26 November 2018.

"THE UK'S BEST-SELLING MOTORCYCLE LAST MONTH WAS A ROYAL ENFIELD! | MCO Bikes Ltd".
[Link]. Retrieved 2 December 2021.

"Royal Enfield Meteor 350: How Different Is The New Engine?". carandbike. Retrieved 3 February
2021.

"Meet Royal Enfield's Tripper On-Board Navigation System". [Link]. Retrieved 3 February
2021.

"Royal Enfield Guerrilla 450 Bike Price, Colours & Images in India". [Link]. Retrieved
31 July 2024.

"Royal Enfield Guerrilla 450 review, first ride". India Today. 27 July 2024. Retrieved 31 July 2024.

"Royal Enfield Guerrilla 450 Price - Mileage, Images, Colours". BikeWale. Retrieved 31 July 2024.

"Royal Enfield Guerrilla 450 variant-wise features with price explained". The Times of India. 22 July
2024. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 31 July 2024.

Wheelen, Dustin. "2025 Royal Enfield Bear 650 first look: A new scrambler emerges". Revzilla.
Retrieved 7 January 2025.

"Royal Enfield Bear 650 First Look". Motorcycle Cruiser. Retrieved 7 January 2025.

"Royal Enfield – Official Website". [Link]. Retrieved 10 June 2017.

[Link]. "Royal Enfield to double its production capacity; setting up third plant in Tamil
Nadu – ET Auto". [Link]. Retrieved 10 June 2017.

Further reading

Gregson, Jonathan (1997). Bullet up the Grand Trunk Road. London: Sinclair-Stevenson. ISBN
9781856196604.

Hartley, Peter (1981). The story of Royal Enfield motor cycles. Cambridge Cambridgeshire: P.
Stephens. ISBN 9780850594676.

Köster, Dirk W. (16 April 2007). Royal Enfield : une légende vivante (in French). Boulogne-Billancourt:
ETAI. ISBN 978-2726887073.

Köster, Dirk W. (1 August 2009). Royal Enfield – die Legende lebt (in German) (Lizenzausg. ed.).
Münster: Monsenstein & Vannerdat. ISBN 978-3938568927.

May, Gordon G. (2005). Royal Enfield : the legend rides on : celebrating 50 years in India (1st ed.).
Chennai, India: Royal Enfield. ISBN 978-8190312905.

May, Gordon G. (30 November 2008). Overland to India: An 8400 Mile Adventure on a 55-year-old
Motorcycle. Rixon Groove. ISBN 978-0956116802.

May, Gordon G. (2014). Made in India – The Royal Enfield Bullet (4th ed.). Stockport, Cheshire: Royal
Enfield Books.
Walker, Mick (24 February 2003). Royal Enfield : the complete story. Marlborough, Wiltshire:
Crowood. ISBN 978-1861265630.

Wilson, Steve (18 September 2000). Down the road : genuine mileage on classic motorcycles.
Sparkford: Haynes. ISBN 9781859606513.

External links

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