‫ﺑﺴﻤﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻲ‬

‫ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﮐﻤﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬

‫ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻲ ‪ 8‬ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ‬

‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬

‫ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ‬

‫ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬

‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﻣﻘﺪﺱ ﭘﻮﺭ‬
 ‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪ ‐١‬ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻴﻬﺎﻱ ﻃﺮﺡ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -1-1‬ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﺋﻲ )ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺳﺎزهاي(‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﻜﻠﺖ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‐١‐١‐١‬‬

‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻗﺎﺏ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻜﻞ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪‐٢‐١‐١‬‬

‫)ﻗﺎﺏ ﺧﻤﺸﻲ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ‪ +‬ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﻣﺴﻠﺢ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ( ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﻳﺎﻓﺮﺍﮔﻢ ﺻﻠﺐ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻝ ﻳﻜﻄﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺗﻴﺮﭼﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻠﻮﻙ ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻩﭘﻠﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﺎﻭﻩ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‐٣‐١‐١‬‬

‫ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻧﻮﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‐٤‐١‐١‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﺴﺎﺏ ‪ ١٠‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻛﻔﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻭ ‪ ۳۰‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻛﻔﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺯﻳـﺮﺯﻣﻴﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻛـﺪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳـﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪‐٥‐١‐١‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ‪ ‐٥/٩٠‬ﻭ ﻛﺪ ﻛﻒ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﻱ ﻃﺒﻘـﺎﺕ ﺑﺘﺮﺗﻴـﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﺑـﺮ‪، +١٢/٢٥ ، +٩/٠٥ ، +٥/٨٥ ، +۲/۶۵ ، ‐٠/١٥ ، ‐٢/٩٥‬‬

‫‪ +۱۸/۶۵ ، +١٥/٤٥‬ﻭ ﻛﺪ ﺧﺮﭘﺸﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ +٢١/٤٥‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﻱ ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫‪-6-1-1‬‬

‫‪ -2-1‬ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -1-2-1‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺑﺘﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ‪:‬‬

‫‪f c' = 250 Kg f / cm 2‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺣﺪ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﮕﺮﺩ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﻜﻠﺖ ﻭ ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ‪Fy = 4000 Kg f / cm 2 ( AIII ) :‬‬ ‫‪‐٢‐٢‐١‬‬

‫) ‪Fy = 3000 Kg f / cm 2 ( AII‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺣﺪ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﮕﺮﺩ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮﭼﻪ ﻫﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫‪‐٣‐٢‐١‬‬

‫‪Ec = 2.546 × 105 Kg f / cm 2‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻻﺳــﺘﻴﺴﻴﺘﻪ ﺑﺘﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪‐٤‐٢‐١‬‬

‫‪Es = 2.04 × 106 Kg f / cm 2‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻻﺳــﺘﻴﺴﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻮﻻﺩ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪‐٥‐٢‐١‬‬

‫‪qa = 1.75 Kg f / cm 2‬‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺶ ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﺧﺎﻙ ﻣﻔﺮﻭﺽ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫‪‐٦‐٢‐١‬‬

‫‪k s = 2.10 Kg f / cm 3‬‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﺧﺎﮎ ﻣﻔﺮﻭﺽ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫‪-7-2-1‬‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪ -3-1‬ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي ﻃــﺮاﺣﻲ )ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ و آﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ(‬

‫‪ ‐1-3-1‬ﺁﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‐١‐١‐٣‐١‬ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﺷﺸﻢ ﻣﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ )ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ(‬

‫‪ ‐٢‐١‐٣‐١‬ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ )ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ ٣٦٠‬ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ(‬

‫‪ ‐٢‐٣‐١‬ﺁﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‐١‐٢‐٣‐١‬ﺁﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ) ‪( ACI-318 95‬‬

‫‪ ‐٢‐٢‐٣‐١‬ﺁﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ )‪ Fema273‬ﻭ ‪ Fema356‬ﻭ ‪( Fema440‬‬

‫‪ ‐٣‐٢‐٣‐١‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺁﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ )‪ Fema274‬ﻭ ‪( Fema357‬‬

‫‪ ‐٤‐٢‐٣‐١‬ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ )ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ ٣٦٤‬ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ(‬

‫‪ ‐٥‐٢‐٣‐١‬ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺋﻲ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬

‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺘﻲ‪) FRP‬ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ‪ ۳۴۵‬ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ(‬

‫‪ ‐٦‐٢‐٣‐١‬ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﺩﻫﻢ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬

‫‪ ‐٣‐٣‐١‬ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‐١‐٣‐٣‐١‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ )ﻣﻴﻨﻮﺭﻭ ﻭﺍﮐﺎﺑﺎﻳﺎﺷﻲ(‬

‫‪ ‐٢‐٣‐٣‐١‬ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎ )ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﻣﻬﺪﻱ ﺗﻨﮑﺎﺑﻨﻲ ﭘﻮﺭ(‬

‫‪ ‐٣‐٣‐٣‐١‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻡﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ )ﺩﮐﺘﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﺭﻫﺎﺋﻲ‐ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﻧﻌﻤﺘﻲ(‬

‫‪ ‐٤‐٣‐٣‐١‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﮐﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ )ﺩﮐﺘﺮ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﻣﻴﺮﻗﺎﺩﺭﻱ(‬

‫‪ ‐٥‐٣‐٣‐١‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺧﻴﺰ )ﺍﺩﻣﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﻮﺙ(‬

‫‪ ‐٦‐٣‐٣‐١‬ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ )ﺩﮐﺘﺮ ﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ(‬

‫‪([Link]-Luigi Di Sarno) Fundamentals of ERTHQUAKE ENGINEERING -7-3-3-1‬‬

‫‪٢‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪ ‐٢‬ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ‬
‫‪ ‐١‐٢‬ﺑـﺎﺭﻣـﺮﺩﻩ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ‐۱‐١‐٢‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺤــﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﻲ ﺳﻘﻒ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.01 × 2100 = 21kg‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﻚ ﻛﻒ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.02 × 2100 = 42kg‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﺳﻪ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.05 × 600 = 30kg‬‬ ‫ﭘﻮﮐﻪ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮐﻔﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.05 × 2500 = 125kg‬‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﺍﻱ‬
‫‪5kg‬‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻮﻙ ﻳﻮﻧﻮﻟﻴﺘﻲ ﻧﺴﻮﺯ‬
‫‪0.20 × 0.25 × 2500 = 125kg‬‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.010 × 1600 = 16kg‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺩ ﮔﭻﻭﺧﺎﻙ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.005 × 1300 = 6.5kg‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺩ ﮔﭻ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻲ‬

‫ﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﻞ ______________________________________________ ‪370+100=470kg‬‬

‫‪ ‐۲‐١‐٢‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺤــﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﻲ ﺳﻘﻒ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺁﺧﺮ )ﭘﺸﺖ ﺑﺎﻡ(‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.01 × 2200 = 22kg‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺰﻭﮔﺎﻡ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.02 × 2100 = 42kg‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﺳﻪ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.10 × 1300 = 130kg‬‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻦ ﺳﺒﻚ )ﭘﻮﻛﻪ ﻭ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻥ( ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮐﻔﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﺎﻡ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.05 × 2500 = 125kg‬‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﺍﻱ‬
‫‪5kg‬‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻮﻙ ﻳﻮﻧﻮﻟﻴﺘﻲ ﻧﺴﻮﺯ‬
‫‪0.20 × 0.25 × 2500 = 125kg‬‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.015 × 1600 = 24kg‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺩ ﮔﭻﻭﺧﺎﻙ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.010 × 1300 = 13kg‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺩ ﮔﭻ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻲ‬

‫ﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﻞ ______________________________________________ ‪490kg‬‬

‫‪ ‐۳‐١‐٢‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺤــﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ‬

‫‪1 × 1 × 0.02 × 2100 = 42kg‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.20 × 850 = 170kg‬‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻮﮎ ﺳﻔﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﻮﻧﻮﻟﻴﺘﻲ )ﻋﺎﻳﻖ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ(‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.015 × 1600 = 24kg‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺩ ﮔﭻ ﻭﺧﺎﮎ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.005 × 1300 = 7kg‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺩ ﮔﭻ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻲ‬

‫ﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﻞ ______________________________________________ ‪240 kg‬‬

‫‪٣‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪ ‐۴‐١‐٢‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺤــﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻨﺎﺭﻱ‬

‫‪1 × 1 × 0.02 × 2100 = 42kg‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺩ ﻣﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﺳﻪ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.20 × 850 = 170kg‬‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻮﮎ ﺳﻔﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﻮﻧﻮﻟﻴﺘﻲ )ﻋﺎﻳﻖ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ(‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.015 × 1600 = 24kg‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺩ ﮔﭻ ﻭﺧﺎﮎ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.005 × 1300 = 7kg‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺩ ﮔﭻ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻲ‬

‫ﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﻞ ______________________________________________ ‪240 kg‬‬

‫‪ ‐۵‐١‐٢‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺤــﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﻲ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ )ﺗﻴﻐﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ(‬

‫‪1 × 1 × 0.07 × 850 = 60kg‬‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻮﮎ ﺳﻔﺎﻟﻲ ‪ ۷‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ‬
‫‪2 × 1 × 0.015 × 1600 = 48kg‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺩ ﮔﭻ ﻭ ﺧﺎﮎ‬
‫‪2 × 1 × 0.005 × 1300 = 13kg‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺩ ﮔﭻ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻲ‬

‫ﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﻞ ______________________________________________ ‪120 kg‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺗﻴﻐﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ ۱۰۰‬ﮐﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﮐﻒ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۶‐١‐٢‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺤــﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ )ﺩﺍﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻦ(‬

‫‪1 × 1 × 0.01 × 2100 = 21kg‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﻚ ﻛﻒ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.02 × 2100 = 42kg‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﺳﻪ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.05 × 1300 = 65kg‬‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻦ ﺳﺒﻚ )ﭘﻮﻛﻪ ﻭ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻥ(‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.15 × 2500 = 375kg‬‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﺍﻱ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.01 × 1300 = 13kg‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺩ ﮔﭻ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻲ‬

‫ﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﻞ ______________________________________________ ‪520 kg‬‬

‫‪ ‐۷‐١‐٢‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺤــﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ )ﺩﺍﻝ ﺭﺍﻩﭘﻠــﻪ(‬

‫‪1 × 1 × 0.02 × 2400 = 48kg‬‬ ‫ﺳﻨﮓ ﮔﺮﺍﻧﻴﺖ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.02 × 2100 = 42kg‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﺳﻪ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.10 × 1300 = 130kg‬‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻦ ﺳﺒﻚ )ﭘﻮﻛﻪ ﻭ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻥ(‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.20 × 2500 = 500kg‬‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﺍﻱ‬
‫‪1 × 1 × 0.01 × 1300 = 13kg‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺩ ﮔﭻ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻲ‬

‫ﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﻞ ______________________________________________ ‪730 kg‬‬

‫‪٤‬‬
 ‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪ ‐٢‐٢‬ﺑـﺎﺭ ﺯﻧـﺪﻩ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ‐١‐٢‐٢‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﻃﺎﻗﻬﺎ ‪ ٢٠٠‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐٢‐٢‐٢‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺭﺍﻩ ﭘﻠﻪ ﻫﺎ ‪ ٣٥٠‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐٣‐٢‐٢‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﭘﺸﺖ ﺑﺎﻡ ‪ ١٥٠‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐٤‐٢‐٢‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻦ ‪ ٣٠٠‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐٥‐٢‐٢‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﭘﺎﺭﮐﻴﻨﮓ ‪ ٥٠٠‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐٣‐٢‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ‪ ٢٨٠٠‬ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻳﺶ ‪:٣‬‬

‫‪ ‐١‐٣‐٢‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺛﻘﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ‪ ETABS2000‬ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺗﺤـﺖ ﺑﺎﺭﻫـﺎﻱ ﺛﻘﻠـﻲ ‪,‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ ‪ ,‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﻊ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪ ,‬ﺑﺪﻳﻨﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪:‬‬

‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﻛﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ‪:‬‬
‫‪∑W = ∑ M‬‬
‫‪i =1‬‬
‫‪i‬‬
‫‪i =1‬‬
‫‪i‬‬ ‫‪× 9.81 = 232111 × 9.81 = 2274030kg f‬‬

‫‪ ‐٢‐٣‐٢‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳــﻪ ﺑﺮﻭﺵ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‐١‐٢‐٣‐٢‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺿﺮﺍﻳﺐ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪) A=0.35‬ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ(‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻱ ﻃﺮﺡ‬
‫‪) I=1‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ(‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫‪) R=8‬ﻗﺎب ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻜﻞﭘﺬﻳﺮي ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ(‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ‐ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬
‫‪) R=8‬ﻗﺎب ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻜﻞﭘﺬﻳﺮي ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ(‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺷﺮﻗﻲ‐ ﻏﺮﺑﻲ‬
‫‪) II‬ﺧﺎﻛﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﺷﻦ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺳﻪ ﻣﺘﺮﺍﮐﻢ(‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻃﺒﻖ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﮊﺋﻮﺗﮑﻨﻴﮏ‬
‫‪Ts = 0.05 H 3 / 4 = 0.05 × 24.553 / 4 = 0.551sec‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺩ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺁﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻱ‬
‫‪Td = 1.64sec‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﭘﺮﻳﻮد ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎت ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ دﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﺎزه‬
‫‪Te = Ts × 1.25 < Td ⇒ Te = 0.689sec < 1.64sec ⇒ Ok‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﭘﺮﻳﻮد ﻣﻮﺛﺮ در ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎزﺗﺎب ﻃﺮح‬

‫‪٥‬‬
 ‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪Ts 3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﺯﺗﺎﺏ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫( × )‪T ≥ 0.70 ⇒ B = ( S + 1‬‬ ‫‪) ⇒ B = 2.02‬‬
‫‪Te‬‬

‫‪ ‐٢‐٢‐٣‐٢‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻧﻴﺮوي ﺑﺮش ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﺮوش اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﻣﻌﺎدل ‪:‬‬

‫‪ABI‬‬ ‫‪0.35 × 2.02 × 1‬‬
‫=‪V‬‬ ‫= ‪W ⇒V‬‬ ‫‪× 2274030 ⇒ V = 200967 Kg f‬‬
‫‪R‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬

‫‪ ‐٣‐٣‐٢‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳــﻪ ﺑﺮﻭﺵ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻃﻴﻔﻲ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﺮﻭﺵ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻃﻴﻔﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷـﻮﺩ ‪ ،‬ﺍﺑﺘـﺪﺍ ﺟـﺮﻡ ﻃﺒﻘـﺎﺕ ﻭﺳـﭙﺲ ﻃﻴـﻒ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺁﻳﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ‪ ٢٨٠٠‬ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ‪ ETABS2000‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺤﻠﻴـﻞ ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ ﻣـﻲﮔﻴـﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻧﺘـﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴـﻞ‬

‫ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻃﻴﻔﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳـﺒﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺑـﺮﻭﺵ ‪) CQC‬ﺟـﺬﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻌـﻲ‬

‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ( ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ) ‪ ( RESPONSE SPECTRUM BASE REACTIONS‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐١‐٣‐٣‐٢‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺟﺮﻣﻬﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﺛﻘﻞ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ 9.81 m/s2‬ﺟﺮﻣﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑـﻂ ﺯﻳـﺮ‬

‫‪W‬‬ ‫‪M‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ‪ ETABS‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬

‫=‪M‬‬ ‫= ‪MMI‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫) ‪× (I x + I y‬‬
‫‪9.81‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ‪ MASS SOURCE‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ‪ ETABS‬ﺿـﺮﻳﺐ ﺑـﺎﺭ ﻣـﺮﺩﻩ )‪ (DEAD‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑـﺮ ‪ 1‬ﻭ ﺿـﺮﻳﺐ ﺑـﺎﺭ ﺯﻧـﺪﻩ‬

‫)‪ (LIVE‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ 0.2‬ﻭ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺁﺧﺮ )‪ (WALL‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ 1‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻧﻴـﺰ‬

‫ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐٢‐٣‐٣‐٢‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‪:‬‬

‫‪AIB‬‬
‫= ‪ V‬ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜـﻪ ‪ W = M × g‬ﺑﻨـﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄـﻪ ﺑـﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳـﻪ ﺩﻳﻨـﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﺳـﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ‪× W‬‬
‫‪R‬‬

‫‪AI‬‬ ‫‪AIB‬‬
‫= ‪ S‬ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺷـﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻘـﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫= ‪ V‬ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ‪× g‬‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ‪× M × g‬‬
‫‪R‬‬ ‫‪R‬‬

‫‪0.35 × 1‬‬
‫= ‪ S‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ‪ ETABS‬ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻃﻴﻒ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ‪× 9.81 = 0.429‬‬
‫‪8‬‬

‫‪٦‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪ ‐٣‐٣‐٣‐٢‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻃﻴﻒ ﺑﺎﺯﺗﺎﺏ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻃﺮﺡ‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺻﺮﻳﺢ ﺁﺋﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ )ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ‪ (٢٨٠٠‬ﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻃﻴﻒ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺿـﺮﻳﺐ‬

‫‪2/3‬‬

‫⎜⎛ × )‪ B = ( S + 1‬ﻃﻴﻒ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ‪ TS = 0.5‬ﻣـﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ )ﺯﻣـﻴﻦ ﻧـﻮﻉ‪ (II‬ﺑـﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳـﺮ‬
‫⎞ ‪TS‬‬
‫⎟‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺗﺎﺏ ﻃﺮﺡ‬
‫⎠ ‪⎝T‬‬

‫‪2/3‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬

‫⎞ ‪⎛T‬‬
‫‪T = 0.0 ⇒ B = 1 + S × ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ ⇒ B = 1.00‬‬ ‫‪2/3‬‬
‫⎠ ‪⎝ T0‬‬ ‫⎞ ‪⎛T‬‬
‫⎟ ‪T = 1.3 ⇒ B = ( S + 1) × ⎜ S‬‬ ‫‪⇒ B = 1.322‬‬
‫‪T = 0.1 ⇒ B = S + 1 ⇒ B = 2.50‬‬ ‫⎠ ‪⎝T‬‬
‫‪2/3‬‬ ‫‪2/3‬‬
‫⎞ ‪⎛T‬‬ ‫⎞ ‪⎛T‬‬
‫⎟ ‪T = 0.5 ⇒ B = ( S + 1) × ⎜ S‬‬ ‫‪⇒ B = 2.500‬‬ ‫⎟ ‪T = 1.4 ⇒ B = ( S + 1) × ⎜ S‬‬ ‫‪⇒ B = 1.258‬‬
‫⎠ ‪⎝T‬‬ ‫⎠ ‪⎝T‬‬
‫‪2/3‬‬ ‫‪2/3‬‬
‫⎞ ‪⎛T‬‬ ‫⎞ ‪⎛T‬‬
‫⎟ ‪T = 0.8 ⇒ B = ( S + 1) × ⎜ S‬‬ ‫‪⇒ B = 1.828‬‬ ‫⎟ ‪T = 1.5 ⇒ B = ( S + 1) × ⎜ S‬‬ ‫‪⇒ B = 1.202‬‬
‫⎠ ‪⎝T‬‬ ‫⎠ ‪⎝T‬‬
‫‪2/3‬‬ ‫‪2/3‬‬
‫⎞ ‪⎛T‬‬ ‫⎞ ‪⎛T‬‬
‫⎟ ‪T = 0.9 ⇒ B = ( S + 1) × ⎜ S‬‬ ‫‪⇒ B = 1.690‬‬ ‫⎟ ‪T = 1.6 ⇒ B = ( S + 1) × ⎜ S‬‬ ‫‪⇒ B = 1.151‬‬
‫⎠ ‪⎝T‬‬ ‫⎠ ‪⎝T‬‬
‫‪2/3‬‬ ‫‪2/3‬‬
‫⎞ ‪⎛T‬‬ ‫⎞ ‪⎛T‬‬
‫⎟ ‪T = 1.0 ⇒ B = ( S + 1) × ⎜ S‬‬ ‫‪⇒ B = 1.575‬‬ ‫⎟ ‪T = 1.7 ⇒ B = ( S + 1) × ⎜ S‬‬ ‫‪⇒ B = 1.106‬‬
‫⎠ ‪⎝T‬‬ ‫⎠ ‪⎝T‬‬
‫‪2/3‬‬ ‫‪2/3‬‬
‫⎞ ‪⎛T‬‬ ‫⎞ ‪⎛T‬‬
‫⎟ ‪T = 1.1 ⇒ B = ( S + 1) × ⎜ S‬‬ ‫‪⇒ B = 1.478‬‬ ‫⎟ ‪T = 1.8 ⇒ B = ( S + 1) × ⎜ S‬‬ ‫‪⇒ B = 1.064‬‬
‫⎠ ‪⎝T‬‬ ‫⎠ ‪⎝T‬‬
‫‪2/3‬‬ ‫‪2/3‬‬
‫⎞ ‪⎛T‬‬ ‫⎞ ‪⎛T‬‬
‫⎟ ‪T = 1.2 ⇒ B = ( S + 1) × ⎜ S‬‬ ‫‪⇒ B = 1.395‬‬ ‫⎟ ‪T = 2.0 ⇒ B = ( S + 1) × ⎜ S‬‬ ‫‪⇒ B = 0.992‬‬
‫⎠ ‪⎝T‬‬ ‫⎠ ‪⎝T‬‬

‫‪ ‐٤‐٣‐٣‐٢‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻃﻴﻔﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﮑﻲ ﻃﻴﻔﻲ‪ ,‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ‪ ETABS‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﻮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺵ ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴـﻞ‬

‫ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ‪ %٩٠‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ )ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺩ( ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﺠﺪﺩﹰﺍ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘـﺎﺩﻳﺮ‬

‫ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺮﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻫـﺎﻱ ‪ SPEC1‬ﻭ‬

‫‪ SPEC2‬ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ‪ X‬ﻭ ‪ Y‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ‪:‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪VSPEC1 = VSPEC1X + VSPEC1Y ⇒ VSPEC1 = 80555 2 + 293732 = 85743kg f‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪VSPEC 2 = VSPEC 2 X + VSPEC 2Y ⇒ VSPEC 2 = 293732 + 113227 2 = 116975kg f‬‬

‫‪٧‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪ ‐٥‐٣‐٣‐٢‬ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺁﺋﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ )ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ‪ (٢٨٠٠‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻧﺎ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ‬

‫‪ %۱۰۰‬ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺑﺮ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﻜﻪ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ %۱۰۰‬ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ‬

‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ‪ %۱۰۰‬ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪Vs = 200967 Kg f‬‬ ‫‪Vs = 200967 Kg f‬‬
‫‪SPEC1 ⇒ VSPEC1 = 85743Kg f‬‬ ‫‪SPEC 2 ⇒ VSPEC 2 = 116975Kg f‬‬
‫‪Vs‬‬ ‫‪200967‬‬ ‫‪Vs‬‬ ‫‪200967‬‬
‫⇒∴‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 2.34383‬‬ ‫⇒∴‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 1.71804‬‬
‫‪VSPEC1‬‬ ‫‪85743‬‬ ‫‪VSPEC 2‬‬ ‫‪116975‬‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺿﺮﺍﻳﺐ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻃﻴﻒ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ‪ ، ETABS2000‬ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ‬

‫ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺮﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺧﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﻣﺎﺑﻴﻦ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ‪ ETABS2000‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ‪ ,‬ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻳﺖ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻲ ‪ %٥‬ﺑﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃـﻪ‬

‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻃﻴﻒﻫﺎ )‪ (SPEC1 , SPEC2‬ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۴‐٣‐٢‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻃﺒﻖ ﺁﺋﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺘﻦ ‪ ACI‬ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪1) → 1.40 DL + 1.70 LL‬‬
‫‪2,3) → 1.05 DL + 1.275 LL ± 1.403EQd‬‬
‫‪5,6) → 0.90 DL ± 1.43EQd‬‬ ‫‪ = DL‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣـــﺮﺩﻩ‬
‫‪7,8) → 1.05DL + 1.275LL ± 1.403EQd ± 0.3 × 1.403EQz‬‬ ‫‪ = LL‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﺯﻧـــﺪﻩ‬
‫‪9,10) → 0.9 DL ± 1.43EQd ± 0.3 × 1.43EQz‬‬
‫‪ = EQd‬ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ‬
‫‪11,12) → 1.05DL + 1.275LL ± 0.3 × 1.403EQd ± 1.403EQz‬‬
‫‪9,10) → 0.9 DL ± 0.3 × 1.43EQd ± 1.43EQz‬‬ ‫‪ = EQz‬ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬

‫‪٨‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪ ‐٣‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ‪ ٢٨٠٠‬ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻳﺶ ‪٣‬‬

‫‪ ‐١‐٣‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤـﺎﺳــﺒﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ )ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺛﻘﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ( ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻩ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ‪ ETABS2000‬ﻧﮕﺎﺭﺵ ‪ ٩/٢٠‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻓﺎﻳﻠﻬﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺯﻳـﺮ‬

‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺿـــﻴﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻡ ﻓـﺎﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﺩﻳﻒ‬

‫‪ A-Static‬ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﺎزه ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺑﺎرﮔﺬاري زﻟﺰﻟﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ‪ 2800‬وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ ‪3‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬

‫ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ دﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻃﻴﻔﻲ ﺳﺎزه ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻃﻴﻒ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ‪ 2800‬وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ ‪3‬‬ ‫‪A-Dyn‬‬ ‫‪۲‬‬

‫‪ ‐٢‐٣‬ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ‪ ،‬ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻨﺘـﺮﻝ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ‬

‫ﺩﻭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻭ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﮑﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻃﺮﺍﺣـﻲ ‪ ACI‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈـﻪ ﻣـﻲﮔـﺮﺩﺩ ﮐـﻪ ﺍﮐﺜـﺮ ﺳـﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺟﻮﺍﺑﮕﻮﻱ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺻﻌﻴﻒ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ‪ DCR‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ‪ 3.84 :‬ﻭ ‪ 2.47‬ﻭ ‪ 2.58‬ﻭ ‪2.11‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ‪ DCR‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ 4.46 :‬ﻭ ‪ 3.13‬ﻭ ‪ 2.87‬ﻭ ‪2.71‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ‪ DCR‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ‪ 3.93 :‬ﻭ ‪ 3.16‬ﻭ ‪ 2.19‬ﻭ ‪2.08‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ‪ DCR‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ‪ 3.67 :‬ﻭ ‪ 2.42‬ﻭ ‪ 1.77‬ﻭ ‪1.59‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ‪ DCR‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ‪ 2.61 :‬ﻭ ‪ 1.81‬ﻭ ‪ 1.47‬ﻭ ‪1.27‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ‪ DCR‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺷﺸﻢ‪ 1.95 :‬ﻭ ‪ 1.35‬ﻭ ‪ 1.31‬ﻭ ‪1.09‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ‪ DCR‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ 2.49 :‬ﻭ ‪ 1.45‬ﻭ ‪ 2.72‬ﻭ ‪2.22‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫‪٩‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ‪ B‬ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ )‪(DCR‬‬

‫‪١٠‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ‪ C‬ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ )‪(DCR‬‬

‫‪١١‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﮑﻲ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ‪ B‬ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ )‪(DCR‬‬

‫‪١٢‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﮑﻲ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ‪ C‬ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ )‪(DCR‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪١٣‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪ ‐٤‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‐١‐٤‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﻴﻒ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬

‫‪ ٢٨٠٠‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ‪ II‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻃﻴﻒ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﺭﺗﺠﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﻄﺮ ‪ ۱‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻫﺮ ﻋﻀﻮ ﻣﻄـﺎﺑﻖ ﺁﺋـﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣـﻪ‬

‫‪ Fema 356‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺑـﺎﺭ ﺟـﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮﺍﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫــﺎﻱ ﺑــﺎﺭ ﺟــﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺗﺤﻠﻴــﻞ ﻣــﻲﮔــﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑــﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻨﻈــﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻧــﺮﻡﺍﻓــﺰﺍﺭ ‪ ETABS2000‬ﻧﮕــﺎﺭﺵ ‪ 9.20‬ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴــﻞ‬

‫‪ Static Nonlinear‬ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﻭﺵ ﻃﻴﻒ‬

‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺎﻡ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ‪ Etabs‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺿـــﻴﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻡ ﻓـﺎﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﺩﻳﻒ‬

‫ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎزه ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آﺋﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ‪FEMA 356‬‬ ‫‪A-Nonlinear‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬

‫‪ ‐٢‐٤‬ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ‪:‬‬

‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻄﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﻀﺎ ﺍﺧﺘـﺼﺎﺹ ﻳﺎﻓﺘـﻪ ﻭ ﺑـﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫـﺎﻱ ﺑـﺎﺭ‬

‫ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ )‪ (Push Over‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﮐـﻪ ﺑـﺮ ﺍﺳـﺎﺱ ﺍﻧﺠـﺎﻡ ﻳـﮏ ﺁﻧـﺎﻟﻴﺰ‬

‫ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﮑﻲ ﻃﻴﻔﻲ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫‪Story‬‬ ‫‪Load‬‬ ‫‪Loc‬‬ ‫‪P‬‬ ‫‪VX‬‬ ‫‪VY‬‬ ‫‪SP1-FX‬‬ ‫‪SP2-FY‬‬

‫‪10274.95‬‬ ‫‪3659.7‬‬
‫‪STORY8-1‬‬ ‫‪SPEC1‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪10274.95‬‬ ‫‪3659.7‬‬
‫‪3701.99‬‬ ‫‪13254.05‬‬ ‫‪10274.95‬‬
‫‪STORY8-1‬‬ ‫‪SPEC2‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪3701.99‬‬ ‫‪13254.05‬‬
‫‪56113.33‬‬ ‫‪18701.52‬‬ ‫‪13254.05‬‬
‫‪STORY8‬‬ ‫‪SPEC1‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪56113.33‬‬ ‫‪18701.52‬‬
‫‪18778.59‬‬ ‫‪71870.24‬‬ ‫‪45838.38‬‬
‫‪STORY8‬‬ ‫‪SPEC2‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪18778.59‬‬ ‫‪71870.24‬‬
‫‪85100.42‬‬ ‫‪31120.32‬‬ ‫‪58616.19‬‬
‫‪STORY7‬‬ ‫‪SPEC1‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪85100.42‬‬ ‫‪31120.32‬‬
‫‪30094.98‬‬ ‫‪120003.1‬‬ ‫‪28987.09‬‬
‫‪STORY7‬‬ ‫‪SPEC2‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪30094.98‬‬ ‫‪120003.1‬‬

‫‪١٤‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

104995.8 40133.66 48132.84

STORY6 SPEC1 Bottom 0 104995.8 40133.66
39039.5 155382 19895.33
STORY6 SPEC2 Bottom 0 39039.5 155382
122705.8 47071.98 35378.89
STORY5 SPEC1 Bottom 0 122705.8 47071.98
46617.24 182917.5 17710.04
STORY5 SPEC2 Bottom 0 46617.24 182917.5
140342.6 53053.04 27535.49
STORY4 SPEC1 Bottom 0 140342.6 53053.04
52442.62 204623.5 17636.85
STORY4 SPEC2 Bottom 0 52442.62 204623.5
154465 57447.39 21706.06
STORY3 SPEC1 Bottom 0 154465 57447.39
56791.92 220210.3 14122.38
STORY3 SPEC2 Bottom 0 56791.92 220210.3
163167.1 59644.76 15586.74
STORY2 SPEC1 Bottom 0 163167.1 59644.76
59569.57 229508.4 8702.12
STORY2 SPEC2 Bottom 0 59569.57 229508.4
164062.7 59823.46 9298.16
STORY1 SPEC1 Bottom 0 164062.7 59823.46
59823.41 230604.8 895.59
STORY1 SPEC2 Bottom 0 59823.41 230604.8
1096.34

:‫ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬FEMA356 ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ‬

١٥
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ‬

‫‪١٦‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺛﻘﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ )‪ (PushOver‬ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺛﻘﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ )‪(PushOver‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ)ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ( ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ )‪(PushOver‬‬

‫‪١٧‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ)ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ( ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ )‪(PushOver‬‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻃﻴﻒ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻔـﻲ )‪ +‬ﻭ ‐( ﺑـﻪ‬

‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪+X‬‬

‫‪١٨‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪-X‬‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪+Y‬‬

‫‪١٩‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪-Y‬‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪+X‬‬

‫‪٢٠‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪-X‬‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪+Y‬‬

‫‪٢١‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪-Y‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮﮐﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺟـﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺗـﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻـﻞ ﭘﻼﺳـﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﻣﺰﺑﻮﺭ ﺳـﻄﺢ ﻋﻤﻠﮑـﺮﺩ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺘﻈـﺎﺭ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻱ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺗـﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﮔـﺮﺩﺩ‪،‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮐﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ‪ C-3‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻫﻴﭽﮑﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ‪ Life Safety‬ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ‬

‫ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻃﻴﻒ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻣﻴﮕﺮﺩﺩ ﮐﻪ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‐۱‬ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ‪ +X‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۲‬ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ‪ –X‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۳‬ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ‪ +X‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۴‬ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ‪ –X‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۵‬ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ‪ +Y‬ﻭ ‪ –Y‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﻟﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ‬

‫ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪٢٢‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ﺷﺮﻕ‐ﻏﺮﺏ )ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ‪ (X‬ﮐﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻭ ﺑـﺪﻳﻬﻲ ﺑـﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻴـﺎﺯﻱ ﺑـﻪ‬

‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﺍﻋﻀﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﭼﺮﺍﮐﻪ ﺍﺻﻮ ﹰﻻ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ﺷﻤﺎﻝ‐ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻄـﻪ‬

‫ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻫﻴﭽﮑﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺯ ‪ LS‬ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻧﻨﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪ +Y‬ﻭ ‪ –Y‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳـﺒﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳـﺪﻩ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‐۱‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪ +Y‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ‪V=501385.55kg , D=0.170m :‬‬

‫‪ ‐۲‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪ -Y‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ‪V=377179.90kg , D=0.106m :‬‬

‫‪ ‐۳‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪ +Y‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ‪V=310966.06kg , D=0.044m :‬‬

‫‪ ‐۴‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪ -Y‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ‪V=649318.21kg , D=0.107m :‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ﺷﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﺮﺡ‬

‫ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫‪P U S H O V E R‬‬ ‫‪C U R V E‬‬

‫‪Pushover Case DYP‬‬

‫‪Step‬‬ ‫‪Displacement‬‬ ‫‪Base Force‬‬ ‫‪A-B‬‬ ‫‪B-IO IO-LS LS-CP‬‬ ‫‪CP-C‬‬ ‫‪C-D‬‬ ‫‪D-E‬‬ ‫‪>E TOTAL‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪-0.0010‬‬ ‫‪0.0000‬‬ ‫‪942‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪947‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0.0190‬‬ ‫‪88561.3438‬‬ ‫‪939‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪947‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪0.0238‬‬ ‫‪110064.2734‬‬ ‫‪917‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪947‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪0.0447‬‬ ‫‪194984.6719‬‬ ‫‪873‬‬ ‫‪66‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪947‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪0.0669‬‬ ‫‪270278.8438‬‬ ‫‪839‬‬ ‫‪92‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪947‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪0.0877‬‬ ‫‪331361.2188‬‬ ‫‪813‬‬ ‫‪95‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪947‬‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪0.1105‬‬ ‫‪389466.1563‬‬ ‫‪786‬‬ ‫‪92‬‬ ‫‪68‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪947‬‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪0.1308‬‬ ‫‪436250.2813‬‬ ‫‪747‬‬ ‫‪108‬‬ ‫‪91‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪947‬‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪0.1513‬‬ ‫‪475914.8125‬‬ ‫‪714‬‬ ‫‪121‬‬ ‫‪110‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪947‬‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪0.1669‬‬ ‫‪502409.3438‬‬ ‫‪714‬‬ ‫‪121‬‬ ‫‪110‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪947‬‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪0.1669‬‬ ‫‪496161.4688‬‬ ‫‪682‬‬ ‫‪137‬‬ ‫‪125‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪947‬‬
‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪0.1808‬‬ ‫‪523447.5625‬‬ ‫‪682‬‬ ‫‪137‬‬ ‫‪123‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪947‬‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪0.1074‬‬ ‫‪186236.0938‬‬ ‫‪947‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪947‬‬

‫‪٢٣‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

P U S H O V E R C U R V E

Pushover Case DYN

Step Displacement Base Force A-B B-IO IO-LS LS-CP CP-C C-D D-E >E TOTAL

0 -0.0010 0.0000 941 4 1 0 0 0 0 1 947

1 -0.0052 -18446.5000 939 6 1 0 0 0 0 1 947
2 -0.0261 -111033.1484 916 29 1 0 0 0 0 1 947
3 -0.0484 -200167.2656 881 60 5 0 0 0 0 1 947
4 -0.0688 -271346.5938 835 95 16 0 0 0 0 1 947
5 -0.0894 -335557.1875 806 107 33 0 0 0 0 1 947
6 -0.1103 -389639.8750 761 120 65 0 0 0 0 1 947
7 -0.1326 -439397.9688 725 130 91 0 0 0 0 1 947
8 -0.1529 -475760.3125 716 132 97 0 0 1 0 1 947
9 -0.1594 -486600.9063 716 132 96 0 0 1 1 1 947
10 -0.1594 -480960.9688 715 131 96 0 0 0 1 4 947
11 -0.1593 -442501.8750 694 133 114 0 0 1 1 4 947
12 -0.1727 -463644.0313 692 135 114 0 0 0 2 4 947
13 -0.1727 -455104.9688 691 133 117 0 0 0 1 5 947
14 -0.1738 -456769.1875 691 133 117 0 0 0 1 5 947
15 -0.1738 -453655.0000 680 134 126 0 0 1 1 5 947
16 -0.1817 -465287.4375 680 134 126 0 0 0 2 5 947
17 -0.1817 -463546.0625 666 122 151 0 0 1 2 5 947
18 -0.1950 -482042.8750 666 122 151 0 0 0 2 6 947
19 -0.1811 -426223.6875 947 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 947

P U S H O V E R C U R V E

Pushover Case SYP

Step Displacement Base Force A-B B-IO IO-LS LS-CP CP-C C-D D-E >E TOTAL

0 -0.0010 0.0000 941 4 1 0 0 0 0 1 947

1 -0.0053 -32169.4863 937 8 1 0 0 0 0 1 947
2 -0.0279 -203877.5313 919 26 1 0 0 0 0 1 947
3 -0.0482 -339489.9063 889 52 5 0 0 0 0 1 947
4 -0.0700 -470843.5625 845 87 14 0 0 0 0 1 947
5 -0.0921 -588941.6250 803 108 35 0 0 0 0 1 947
6 -0.1128 -683717.6875 767 122 57 0 0 0 0 1 947
7 -0.1335 -764839.5000 725 134 87 0 0 0 0 1 947
8 -0.1548 -829423.5625 705 134 106 0 0 1 0 1 947
9 -0.1748 -880350.3750 705 132 108 0 0 0 1 1 947
10 -0.1748 -870166.0000 695 134 115 0 0 1 1 1 947
11 -0.1810 -892872.3750 695 134 114 0 0 2 1 1 947
12 -0.1058 -320869.4688 947 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 947

P U S H O V E R C U R V E

Pushover Case SYN

Step Displacement Base Force A-B B-IO IO-LS LS-CP CP-C C-D D-E >E TOTAL

0 -0.0010 0.0000 942 3 1 0 0 0 0 1 947

1 0.0190 151860.7031 940 5 1 0 0 0 0 1 947
2 0.0256 202278.9219 917 28 1 0 0 0 0 1 947
3 0.0466 344000.6563 883 58 5 0 0 0 0 1 947
4 0.0692 471433.9063 841 91 14 0 0 0 0 1 947
5 0.0925 586087.9375 815 95 36 0 0 0 0 1 947
6 0.1145 679909.8125 781 104 61 0 0 0 0 1 947
7 0.1348 755793.8750 749 108 89 0 0 0 0 1 947
8 0.1557 819692.8125 710 131 104 0 0 1 0 1 947
9 0.1772 875037.1250 708 133 104 0 0 0 1 1 947
10 0.1772 864099.5625 672 149 123 0 0 1 1 1 947
11 0.1969 930612.1250 669 149 125 0 0 2 1 1 947
12 0.0284 -305618.5000 947 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 947

‫ﺟﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮﮐﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻳﮏ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺯ ﺁﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺭﻳﺰﺵ ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑـﻪ ﺣـﺪ‬

.‫ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Collapse

٢٤
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋـﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪+X‬‬

‫‪٢٥‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪-X‬‬

‫‪٢٦‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪+Y‬‬

‫‪٢٧‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪-Y‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ﺷﺮﻕ‐ﻏﺮﺏ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬

‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪٢٨‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪ ‐٥‬ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‐١‐٥‬ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺳﻨﺠﻲ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﺗﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ )ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ( ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ﺷﻤﺎﻝ‐ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺘﻈـﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﻟـﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳـﺘﺎﻱ ﺷـﺮﻕ‐‬

‫ﻏﺮﺏ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﮕﻮﻱ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻧﻤـﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧـﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬

‫ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑـﺮ ﺗـﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺳـﺨﺘﻲ ﺟـﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳـﺘﺎﻱ‬

‫ﺷﺮﻕ‐ﻏﺮﺏ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺿﻌﻒ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬

‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺁﻟﺘﺮﻧﺎﺗﻴﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳـﻲ ﮔﺰﻳﻨـﻪﻫـﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠـﻒ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻬـﺴﺎﺯﻱ‬

‫ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻮﻧﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨﺎﺡ ﻏﺮﺑﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭﺕ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨـﺎﺡ ﺷـﺮﻗﻲ ﻭ ﺟﻨـﻮﺑﻲ ﻭ‬

‫ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨﺎﺡ ﻏﺮﺑﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻤﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺮﻳﻢ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ )ﺣﺮﻳﻢ ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ( ﻭﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻨـﺎﺡ‬

‫ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺬﺭ ‪ ٨‬ﻣﺘﺮﻱ ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻨـﺎﺡ ﺷـﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻧﻴـﺰ ﻭﺟـﻮﺩ ﻧـﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻬـﺎ ﺟﻨـﺎﺡ‬

‫ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻭﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻨـﺎﺡ ﺟﻨـﻮﺑﻲ‬

‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﻣﺸﮑﻼﺕ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺑﻨﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺨﻠﻒ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﻧﻪ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺁﻣﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟـﻮﺩ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻟﺘﺮﻧﺎﺗﻴﻮﻫـﺎ ﺑـﺎ ﻭﺟـﻮﺩ ﻣـﻮﺛﺮ‬

‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺣﺬﻑ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨﺎﺡ ﺷﺮﻗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺎﻭﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ ١٠‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺩﺭﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺯ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ‬

‫ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻳﮑﺴﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻳﮑﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻗﻮﺕ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻲﮔـﺮﺩﺩ ﭼﺮﺍﮐـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﭼـﺴﺒﻴﺪﻥ ﺑـﻪ ﺳـﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺩﺭﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﻣﺸﮑﻼﺕ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻨﻪ ﺯﺩﻥ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺯﻟﺰﻟـﻪ ﭘـﻴﺶ ﻣـﻲﺁﻣـﺪ ﻭ‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻀﻞ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺑـﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳـﺎﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘـﺪﺍﺩ ﺷـﺮﻕ – ﻏـﺮﺏ ﺳـﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠـﻪ‬

‫‪٢٩‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣـﺮﺩﻭﺩ ﻣـﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳـﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﮑـﻪ ﺍﺛـﺮ ﺑـﺮ ﺧـﻮﺭﺩ‬

‫ﺩﻭﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﻗﺎﺑـﻞ ﺑﺮﺭﺳـﻲ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬

‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺩﺭﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﻧﻮﻳﺪ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻳـﮏ‬

‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺮﻭﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐٢‐٥‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺿﻌﻔﻬﺎﻱ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻃﺮﺡ‬

‫ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‐١‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬

‫‪ ‐٢‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬

‫‪ ‐٣‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ‪ FRP‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬

‫‪ ‐٤‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ‬

‫‪ ‐٥‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ‬

‫‪ ‐٦‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬﺎ‬

‫‪ ‐٧‬ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﻲ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻕ‬

‫ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ‪ ‐١‬ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﮐﻨﺎﺭﻱ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺻـﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ‬

‫ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﺰﺍﻳﻨﺪﻩﺍﻱ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻳﺎﻓـﺖ‬

‫)ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ‪ ٤٠*٤٠‬ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ‪ ٧٠*٧٠‬ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ( ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻓـﻀﺎﻫﺎﻱ‬

‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﭘﺎﺭﮐﻴﻨﮕﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻓـﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑـﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈـﻪﺍﻱ ﺧﻮﺍﻫـﺪ‬

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‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﭼﺎﺭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻓـﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳـﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺳـﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠـﻪ‬

‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﺮﺳﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻭﺩ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ‪ ‐٢‬ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻭ ﹰﻻ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺰﺍﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ‬

‫ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﹰﺎ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪﺍﻱ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺑـﻪ ﺗﻨﻬـﺎﺋﻲ ﻗـﺎﺩﺭ ﺑـﻪ ﺗـﺎﻣﻴﻦ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺗﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺟـﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺳـﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﺤـﺴﻮﺱ ﻧﻴـﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ﺷﺮﻕ‐ﻏﺮﺏ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬

‫ﻟﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻲ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺗﻌـﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻳـﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺳـﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ‬

‫ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺿﻌﻒ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺳـﺎﺯﻩ ﻧﻴـﺰ ﺗـﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﮔـﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﻟـﺬﺍ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻭﺩ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ‪ ‐٣‬ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ‪ FRP‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﻱ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻭﺭﻗﻪﻫﺎﻱ ‪ FRP‬ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﻑ ﮐﺮﺑﻦ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺸﻪ ﻭ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﺋﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ‪ FRP‬ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰﻱ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪،‬‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺧﻤﺸﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ‬

‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ‪ FRP‬ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬

‫ﺿﻌﻒ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﻭﻟﻲ ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﻓﻨﻲ‬

‫ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

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‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ‪ ‐٤‬ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳـﺘﺎﺋﻲ‬

‫ﮐﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻟﺰﻟـﻪ ﻣﻮﺟـﺐ ﮐـﺎﻫﺶ ﺑـﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺳـﺎﻳﺮ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻗﺎﺑـﻞ ﺗـﻮﺟﻬﻲ‬

‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺋﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻣﻤﮑـﻦ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈـﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣـﺖ ﺳـﺘﻮﻥ ﻧﻴـﺎﺯﻱ ﺑـﻪ‬

‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺁﺋﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻴﻠﮕﺮﺩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻬﺎﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﮕﺮﺩﻫـﺎﻱ ﻃـﻮﻟﻲ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻻﺟﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑـﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﮐﻤﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫـﺎ ﻧﻴـﺎﺯ ﺑـﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻳـﺖ ﺑـﺎ‬

‫ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﺒﻴـﻪ‬

‫ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﺎﻧﮑﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻌﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫـﺪ ﺑـﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑـﺎ‬

‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻭﺩ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ‪ ‐٥‬ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﺤﺴﻨﺎﺗﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺷﻤﺮﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻧﻴـﺰ ﻭﺟـﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬

‫ﺑﻌﻼﻭﻩ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ )ﻫﻢ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﻭﻥ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ( ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪،‬‬

‫ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩﺗﺮ ﻭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮐﺎﺭ‬

‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻧﺴﺠﺎﻡ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓـﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻭ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺑﺘﻦﺁﺭﻣﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺮﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻨﺤﻮﻱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻘـﺎﻭﻡ ﺟـﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺳـﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨـﺪ ﺑـﻪ‬

‫ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺸﺶ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨـﻪ ﻗﺎﺑـﻞ ﻗﺒـﻮﻝ ﺗـﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬

‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

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‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ‪ ‐٦‬ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﺳﺎﺗﻴﺪ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳـﻄﺢ ﺟﻬـﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻧﺠـﺎﻡ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ ،‬ﻳﮑـﻲ ﺍﺯ‬

‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪﺍﻱ ﻳﺎ ﻏﺸﺎﺋﻲ ﺍﺗﻼﻕ ﻣـﻲﺷـﻮﺩ‬

‫ﮐﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻳﮏ ﻗﺎﺏ )ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻧﻲ( ﻣﺤﺼﻮﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﻣـﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬

‫ﺑﻨﺎﺋﻲ )ﺁﺟﺮ ﻓـﺸﺎﺭﻱ – ﺑﻠـﻮﮎ ﺳـﻴﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﺗـﻮﭘﺮ – ﺁﺟـﺮ ﺑﻬﻤﻨـﻲ ﻭ ‪ (....‬ﻳـﺎ ﺑﺘﻨـﻲ )ﺩﻳـﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺘﻨـﻲ – ‪ (3D Wall‬ﻭ ﻳـﺎ ﻓـﻮﻻﺩﻱ‬

‫)ﭼﻬﺎﺭﭼﻮﺑﻬﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ – ﻭﺭﻕ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻭ ‪ (....‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺏ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﮐﺸﺸﻲ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ‬

‫ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺑﻨﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﺧـﻮﺑﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻧـﺪ ﻭﻟـﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣـﺖ ﮐﺸـﺸﻲ ﺁﻧﻬـﺎ ﺑـﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﮐـﻢ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪،‬‬

‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﻠﺢ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﹰﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭﻟﻲ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺑﻨﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣـﺖ ﮐﺸـﺸﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳـﺒﻲ‬

‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﮐﺸﺸﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬـﺎ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ‬

‫ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﻫﺎ ﺿﻌﻔﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻲ ﺁﻥ )ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ( ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬـﺎﻱ ﻣـﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬

‫ﺑﻨﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺶﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﻧﺎﺯﮎ ﻭ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑـﺘﻦ ﭘﺎﺷـﻲ )ﺷـﺎﺕ ﮐﺮﻳـﺖ( ﺑـﻪ ﺿـﺨﺎﻣﻨﺖ ‪ ۵‬ﺍﻟـﻲ ‪۱۰‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﻓﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻗﻔﻞ ﻭ ﺑﺴﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻃﺮﻓﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺪﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺏ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﮔﻴـﺮﺩ ﮐـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠـﻪ‬

‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﮑﻠﻲ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺏ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ )ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﮐﺮﻧﺸﻬﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺗﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻭ‬

‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﮐﺸﺸﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﺩﻱ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﺎﺗﻮﺍﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﮐﺮﻧﺸﻬﺎﻱ‬

‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩ )ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ (%۱‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﮐﻞ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺯﻟﺰﻟـﻪﻫـﺎﻱ‬

‫ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﮐﻤﻲ ﺑﺪﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻧﻴـﺎﺯ ﺑـﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻳـﺖ ﺗﻌـﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻳـﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﺯ‬

‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﮐﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻨﺤﻮ ﻓﺰﺍﻳﻨﺪﻩﺍﻱ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑـﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟـﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﺷـﻮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬـﺎ ﻣﻮﺟـﺐ ﮐـﺎﻫﺶ‬

‫ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺏ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬﺎ ﻣـﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻـﻮﺭﺗﻴﮑﻪ ﺳـﺎﺯﻩ ﺑـﺎ‬

‫ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬﺎ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺗـﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻘﺎﺑﻬـﺎ ﺍﻧﻬـﺪﺍﻡ‬

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‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﻭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﮐﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑـﺎ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﻣـﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬

‫ﻓﻮﻕ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻭﺩ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ‪ ‐٧‬ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﻳﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺗﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮﮐﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻳـﮏ ﺳـﺮﻱ‬

‫ﻣﻌﻴﺐ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺴﻨﺎﺕ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻴﻬﺎﻱ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺿﻌﻔﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟـﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﻫﺮﻳﮏ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ( ﺿﻌﻒ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻳﮏ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺭﺍﺳـﺘﺎﻱ‬

‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺿﻌﻒ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣـﺖ ﺍﻋـﻀﺎﺀ‬

‫ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺳـﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ‬

‫ﻭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ‪ FRP‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﮐـﻪ ﺿـﻌﻒ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣـﺖ‬

‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩﺗـﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣـﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﻭﻟـﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻋـﻴﻦ ﺣـﺎﻝ‬

‫ﮐﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‪:‬‬

‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﻫﺮ ﮐﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻴﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ‪ ،‬ﮐﻪ ﻧـﺸﺎﻥ ﻣـﻲﺩﻫـﺪ‬

‫ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ﺷﺮﻕ – ﻏﺮﺏ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪ FRP‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪ ‐٢‐٥‬ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ‪ ١‬ﻭ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ‪ ٦‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﺁﮐﺴﻬﺎﻱ ‪ A‬ﻭ ‪ B‬ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻌﺒﻴـﻪ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﮐﻨﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺣـﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴـﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﻋﺮﺿـﻲ ﺳـﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻣـﻮﺍﺭﺩﻱ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ‬

‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‐۱‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﮕﻮﻧﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﻲﻧﻈﻤﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻧﮕﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۲‬ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﻃﻮﺭﻱ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺟﺮﻡ ﻭ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۳‬ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﮐﻨﺎﺭ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۴‬ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﺋﻲ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺍﺯ ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺮﺍﺯ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۵‬ﮐﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۶‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﺋﻲ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۷‬ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﺋﻲ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۸‬ﺍﻧﺴﺠﺎﻡ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻴﻦ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻫﻤﮕﻮﻥ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۹‬ﻫﻴﭽﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺧﻼﺻﻲ ﻭ ﻟﻘﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐۱۰‬ﻫﻴﭽﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺧﻼﺻﻲ ﻭ ﻟﻘﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﻭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺘﻨﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎﺯﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄـﻲ ﺳـﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑـﻞ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫـﺎﻱ ﺟـﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺗﺤـﺖ‬

‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻱ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ‪ PushOver‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻃـﺮﺍﺡ‬

‫ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﮑﻲ ﻃﻴﻔﻲ ﺧﻄـﻲ‬

‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ‪ Scale Factor‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ ۱‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺮﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺘﻲ ﻧـﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬

‫‪٣٥‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻴﺮﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻟﺰﻭﻣﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﭙﺎﻳﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﮑﻲ ﺑـﺎ ﻳـﮏ‬

‫ﺑﺮﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ(‬

‫‪ ‐٣‐٥‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﻴﻒ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬

‫‪ ٢٨٠٠‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ‪ II‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻃﻴﻒ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﺭﺗﺠﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﻄﺮ ‪ ۱‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓـﻮﻻﺩﻱ‬

‫ﻭ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻕﻫﺎﻱ ‪) FRP‬ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ( ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻫﺮ ﻋـﻀﻮ ﻣﻄـﺎﺑﻖ‬

‫ﺁﺋﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ‪ Fema356‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺟـﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺑـﻪ‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺗﺤﻠﻴـﻞ ﻣـﻲﮔـﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣﻨﻈـﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻧـﺮﻡﺍﻓـﺰﺍﺭ ‪ ETABS2000‬ﻧﮕـﺎﺭﺵ ‪ 9.20‬ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴـﻞ‬

‫‪ Static Nonlinear‬ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺯﻳـﺎﺑﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﮑـﺮﺩ ﺳـﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻬـﺴﺎﺯﻱ‬

‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﻭﺵ ﻃﻴﻒ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺎﻡ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ‪ Etabs‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺿـــﻴﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻡ ﻓـﺎﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﺩﻳﻒ‬

‫ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎزه ﺑﻬﺴﺎزي ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آﺋﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ‪FEMA 356‬‬ ‫‪A-Nonlinear‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬

‫ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ دﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻃﻴﻔﻲ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎزه ﺑﻬﺴﺎزي ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس رواﺑﻂ ‪FEMA 356‬‬ ‫‪A-Dyn‬‬ ‫‪٢‬‬

‫ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﻮﻧﺪاﺳﻴﻮن ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺎﺳﺦ دﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎزه ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس‬
‫‪Foundation‬‬ ‫‪٣‬‬
‫‪FEMA 356‬‬

‫‪٣٦‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ‪ ٤٠*٤٠‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺢ ‪ 8Φ20‬ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻗﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ‪ ۸‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺽ ‪ ۲۰‬ﻭ ‪۱۵‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪:‬‬

‫‪I Jacket = 490857cm 4‬‬

‫‪AJacket = 2506cm 2‬‬
‫‪I Original −Column = 213333cm 4‬‬
‫‪AOriginal −Column = 1600cm 2‬‬
‫‪I Jacket‬‬ ‫‪490857‬‬
‫= ‪I Modified‬‬ ‫= ‪× 0.7 ⇒ I Modifier‬‬ ‫‪× 0.7 = 1.61‬‬
‫‪I Original −Column‬‬ ‫‪213333‬‬
‫‪AJacket‬‬ ‫‪2506‬‬
‫= ‪AModified‬‬ ‫= ‪× 1.0 ⇒ AModified‬‬ ‫‪× 1.0 = 1.57‬‬
‫‪AOriginal −Column‬‬ ‫‪1600‬‬
‫‪L×t‬‬ ‫‪140 × 0.8‬‬
‫= ‪Cover‬‬ ‫= ‪⇒ Cover‬‬ ‫‪= 0.77cm‬‬
‫‪L × t + As‬‬ ‫‪140 × 0.8 + 8 × 3.14‬‬
‫‪As × 4000 + ( L × t ) × 2400‬‬ ‫‪8 × 3.14 × 4000 + 140 × 0.8 × 2400‬‬
‫= ‪AsModified‬‬ ‫= ‪⇒ AsModified‬‬ ‫‪= 92.32cm 2‬‬
‫‪4000‬‬ ‫‪4000‬‬
‫)‪⎧40 × 40(20Φ 24‬‬
‫⎨ ‪∴ Define − Column − Section :‬‬
‫‪⎩Cover = 0.77cm‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ‪ ٤٠*٤٠‬ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺢ‬

‫‪ 20Φ24‬ﺑﺎ ﺁﺭﺍﻳﺶ ‪ ۶*۶‬ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺑﺘﻦ )‪ (Cover‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ ۰/۷۷‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺿﺮﺍﻳﺐ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺧﻤﺸﻲ ﻭ‬

‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ ۱/۶۱‬ﻭ ‪ ۱/۵۷‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪٣٧‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

:‫‐ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ‬٤‐٥

‫ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﻀﺎ ﺍﺧﺘـﺼﺎﺹ ﻳﺎﻓﺘـﻪ ﻭ ﺑـﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫـﺎﻱ ﺑـﺎﺭ‬،‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﻄﻲ‬

‫ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﮐـﻪ ﺑـﺮ ﺍﺳـﺎﺱ ﺍﻧﺠـﺎﻡ ﻳـﮏ ﺁﻧـﺎﻟﻴﺰ‬،‫( ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬Push Over) ‫ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ‬

:‫ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﮑﻲ ﻃﻴﻔﻲ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬

Story Load Loc P VX VY SP1-FX SP2-FY

12810.96 4060.42
STORY8-1 SPEC1 Bottom 0 12810.96 4060.42
4247.32 11785.56 12810.96
STORY8-1 SPEC2 Bottom 0 4247.32 11785.56
72739.97 24364.03 11785.56
STORY8 SPEC1 Bottom 0 72739.97 24364.03
24568.93 61576.6 59929.01
STORY8 SPEC2 Bottom 0 24568.93 61576.6
110872.2 41987.07 49791.04
STORY7 SPEC1 Bottom 0 110872.2 41987.07
41922.11 101319.3 38132.18
STORY7 SPEC2 Bottom 0 41922.11 101319.3
138639.7 55780.56 39742.71
STORY6 SPEC1 Bottom 0 138639.7 55780.56
55468.83 129601.4 27767.51
STORY6 SPEC2 Bottom 0 55468.83 129601.4
164041.9 66204.11 28282.05
STORY5 SPEC1 Bottom 0 164041.9 66204.11
65807.93 152139.5 25402.25
STORY5 SPEC2 Bottom 0 65807.93 152139.5
185673.2 73610.32 22538.09
STORY4 SPEC1 Bottom 0 185673.2 73610.32
73256.29 171163.2 21631.29
STORY4 SPEC2 Bottom 0 73256.29 171163.2
201507 78053.09 19023.78
STORY3 SPEC1 Bottom 0 201507 78053.09
77762.02 185944 15833.77
STORY3 SPEC2 Bottom 0 77762.02 185944
210994.5 80083.2 14780.72
STORY2 SPEC1 Bottom 0 210994.5 80083.2
80018.95 195281.5 9487.5
STORY2 SPEC2 Bottom 0 80018.95 195281.5
212334.9 80239.36 9337.56
STORY1 SPEC1 Bottom 0 212334.9 80239.36
80239.35 196435.5 1340.4
STORY1 SPEC2 Bottom 0 80239.35 196435.5
1153.96

٣٨
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ‪ FEMA356‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬

‫‪٣٩‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺛﻘﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ )‪ (PushOver‬ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺛﻘﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ )‪(PushOver‬‬

‫‪٤٠‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ)ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ( ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ )‪(PushOver‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ)ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ( ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ )‪(PushOver‬‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻃﻴﻒ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻔـﻲ )‪ +‬ﻭ ‐( ﺑـﻪ‬

‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬

‫‪٤١‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪+X‬‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪-X‬‬

‫‪٤٢‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪+Y‬‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪-Y‬‬

‫‪٤٣‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪+X‬‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪-X‬‬

‫‪٤٤‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪+Y‬‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ‪-Y‬‬

‫‪٤٥‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮﮐﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺟـﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺗـﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻـﻞ ﭘﻼﺳـﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﻣﺰﺑﻮﺭ ﺳـﻄﺢ ﻋﻤﻠﮑـﺮﺩ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺘﻈـﺎﺭ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻱ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺗـﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﮔـﺮﺩﺩ‪،‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮐﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ‪ C-3‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻫﻴﭽﮑﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ‪ Life Safety‬ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ‬

‫ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻃﻴﻒ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻣﻴﮕﺮﺩﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻤـﺎﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫـﺎﻱ ﺑـﺎﺭ ﺟـﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ‪ LS‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪) .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬـﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨـﺪ‬

‫ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎﺭ ﻋﻀﻮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤـﺪﻭﺩﻩ ‪ CP‬ﻋﺒـﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ‪ Fail‬ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ(‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺳـﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻮﺟـﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳـﺘﺎﻱ ﺷـﺮﻕ‐ﻏـﺮﺏ‬

‫)ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ‪ (X‬ﮐﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﻭﺵ ﻃﻴﻒ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪ +X‬ﻭ ‪ –X‬ﻭ ‪ +Y‬ﻭ ‪ –Y‬ﺑـﻪ‬

‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‐۱‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪ +X‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ‪V=314229.50kg , D=0.137m :‬‬

‫‪ ‐۲‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪ -X‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ‪V=343688.40kg , D=0.130m :‬‬

‫‪ ‐۳‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪ +Y‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ‪V=571074.42kg , D=0.154m :‬‬

‫‪ ‐۴‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪ -Y‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ‪V=343171.80kg , D=0.076m :‬‬

‫‪ ‐۵‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪ +X‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ‪V=653170.90kg , D=0.143m :‬‬

‫‪ ‐۶‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪ -X‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ‪V=583122.27kg , D=0.120m :‬‬

‫‪ ‐۷‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪ +Y‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ‪V=313366.14kg , D=0.039m :‬‬

‫‪ ‐۸‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪ -Y‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ‪V=745095.17kg , D=0.111m :‬‬

‫‪٤٦‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ﺷﻤﺎﻝ ‐ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﻭ ﺷﺮﻕ – ﻏﺮﺏ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ‬

:‫ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬

P U S H O V E R C U R V E

Pushover Case DXP

Step Displacement Base Force A-B B-IO IO-LS LS-CP CP-C C-D D-E >E TOTAL

0 0.0060 0.0000 965 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 967

1 0.0110 17363.9219 961 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 967
2 0.0316 88406.7422 953 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 967
3 0.0537 163981.2813 932 33 2 0 0 0 0 0 967
4 0.0748 233187.9531 897 64 6 0 0 0 0 0 967
5 0.0952 294186.0000 865 86 16 0 0 0 0 0 967
6 0.1157 348554.5313 856 91 19 0 0 1 0 0 967
7 0.1205 359571.0000 830 108 25 0 0 0 4 0 967
8 0.1205 283689.2500 813 112 38 0 0 0 4 0 967
9 0.1408 321745.5313 793 106 64 0 0 0 4 0 967
10 0.1611 354493.0938 792 106 64 0 0 1 4 0 967
11 0.1618 355428.1250 789 104 69 0 0 0 5 0 967
12 0.1618 337309.6563 785 107 69 0 0 1 5 0 967
13 0.1667 347990.7188 785 103 73 0 0 0 6 0 967
14 0.1667 330756.4063 781 102 77 0 0 1 6 0 967
15 0.1724 341036.0625 781 102 77 0 0 1 6 0 967
16 0.1324 202035.5313 967 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 967

P U S H O V E R C U R V E

Pushover Case DXN

Step Displacement Base Force A-B B-IO IO-LS LS-CP CP-C C-D D-E >E TOTAL

0 0.0060 0.0000 965 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 967

1 -0.0090 -52003.4961 957 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 967
2 -0.0325 -133337.1250 947 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 967
3 -0.0574 -217274.5313 925 38 4 0 0 0 0 0 967
4 -0.0819 -296694.1563 905 52 10 0 0 0 0 0 967
5 -0.1030 -360205.5313 895 59 12 0 0 1 0 0 967
6 -0.1084 -373987.5938 873 71 19 0 0 0 4 0 967
7 -0.1085 -299444.2500 849 78 36 0 0 0 4 0 967
8 -0.1310 -344882.2813 838 76 48 0 0 1 4 0 967
9 -0.1456 -372015.9063 833 81 48 0 0 0 5 0 967
10 -0.1456 -367229.5938 823 83 55 0 0 1 5 0 967
11 -0.1571 -386454.8125 821 82 58 1 3 1 1 0 967
12 0.0152 184765.0156 967 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 967

P U S H O V E R C U R V E

Pushover Case DYP

Step Displacement Base Force A-B B-IO IO-LS LS-CP CP-C C-D D-E >E TOTAL

0 -0.0011 0.0000 965 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 967

1 0.0189 100839.3750 964 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 967
2 0.0257 135191.1094 939 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 967
3 0.0464 229642.5469 915 51 1 0 0 0 0 0 967
4 0.0669 306937.3125 878 80 9 0 0 0 0 0 967
5 0.0881 381237.9375 843 93 31 0 0 0 0 0 967
6 0.1086 447140.6875 813 106 48 0 0 0 0 0 967
7 0.1304 510817.4375 783 113 71 0 0 0 0 0 967
8 0.1510 564046.7500 752 118 97 0 0 0 0 0 967
9 0.1727 611218.0625 731 121 114 0 0 1 0 0 967
10 0.1904 647933.3750 731 121 112 0 0 2 1 0 967
11 0.0516 -48816.1016 967 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 967

٤٧
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

P U S H O V E R C U R V E

Pushover Case DYN

Step Displacement Base Force A-B B-IO IO-LS LS-CP CP-C C-D D-E >E TOTAL

0 -0.0011 0.0000 965 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 967

1 -0.0135 -62403.8672 959 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 967
2 -0.0350 -170197.7969 931 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 967
3 -0.0566 -265482.9375 904 59 4 0 0 0 0 0 967
4 -0.0775 -349611.0000 857 89 21 0 0 0 0 0 967
5 -0.0987 -428985.6875 818 115 34 0 0 0 0 0 967
6 -0.1202 -494617.4063 785 126 56 0 0 0 0 0 967
7 -0.1428 -553970.7500 758 119 90 0 0 0 0 0 967
8 -0.1659 -603273.0625 733 128 105 0 0 1 0 0 967
9 -0.1830 -637258.9375 733 126 107 0 0 0 1 0 967
10 -0.1830 -630643.4375 721 126 118 0 0 1 1 0 967
11 -0.1917 -650429.6250 717 122 124 0 0 0 1 3 967
12 -0.1917 -609451.0625 717 122 123 0 0 1 1 3 967
13 -0.1929 -612456.1250 714 125 121 0 0 0 3 4 967
14 -0.1315 -324504.8125 967 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 967

P U S H O V E R C U R V E

Pushover Case SXP

Step Displacement Base Force A-B B-IO IO-LS LS-CP CP-C C-D D-E >E TOTAL

0 0.0060 0.0000 965 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 967

1 -0.0093 -89768.3203 948 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 967
2 -0.0511 -330647.4688 921 38 8 0 0 0 0 0 967
3 -0.0927 -556776.2500 884 67 15 0 0 1 0 0 967
4 -0.1165 -670126.5625 875 71 17 0 0 0 4 0 967
5 -0.1165 -588653.3750 857 85 20 0 0 1 4 0 967
6 -0.1324 -634211.2500 856 85 21 0 0 0 5 0 967
7 -0.1324 -624907.4375 809 104 48 0 0 1 5 0 967
8 -0.1642 -691324.2500 755 146 60 0 0 0 6 0 967
9 0.0950 506449.6875 967 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 967

P U S H O V E R C U R V E

Pushover Case SXN

Step Displacement Base Force A-B B-IO IO-LS LS-CP CP-C C-D D-E >E TOTAL

0 0.0060 0.0000 965 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 967

1 0.0112 30130.7598 958 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 967
2 0.0354 170689.0156 952 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 967
3 0.0572 296381.8125 928 36 3 0 0 0 0 0 967
4 0.0812 425929.6563 890 69 8 0 0 0 0 0 967
5 0.1015 526446.8750 875 84 8 0 0 0 0 0 967
6 0.1074 552810.9375 842 106 19 0 0 0 0 0 967
7 0.1289 605220.8125 809 114 44 0 0 0 0 0 967
8 0.1519 646211.3750 799 108 59 0 0 1 0 0 967
9 0.1650 665261.5625 770 117 75 0 0 0 5 0 967
10 0.1650 531459.0625 759 109 94 0 0 0 5 0 967
11 0.1861 594399.2500 753 100 109 0 0 0 5 0 967
12 0.1967 624038.1875 747 104 110 0 0 1 5 0 967
13 0.2013 631043.8750 747 104 110 0 0 1 5 0 967
14 0.1528 347310.7500 967 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 967

٤٨
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪P U S H O V E R‬‬ ‫‪C U R V E‬‬

‫‪Pushover Case SYP‬‬

‫‪Step‬‬ ‫‪Displacement‬‬ ‫‪Base Force‬‬ ‫‪A-B‬‬ ‫‪B-IO IO-LS LS-CP‬‬ ‫‪CP-C‬‬ ‫‪C-D‬‬ ‫‪D-E‬‬ ‫‪>E TOTAL‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪-0.0011‬‬ ‫‪0.0000‬‬ ‫‪965‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪-0.0141‬‬ ‫‪-108615.7891‬‬ ‫‪958‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪-0.0363‬‬ ‫‪-292169.5313‬‬ ‫‪938‬‬ ‫‪29‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪-0.0576‬‬ ‫‪-446176.6250‬‬ ‫‪906‬‬ ‫‪55‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪-0.0787‬‬ ‫‪-589816.3125‬‬ ‫‪863‬‬ ‫‪89‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪-0.1001‬‬ ‫‪-717890.8125‬‬ ‫‪823‬‬ ‫‪114‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪-0.1211‬‬ ‫‪-821496.8125‬‬ ‫‪802‬‬ ‫‪113‬‬ ‫‪52‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪-0.1412‬‬ ‫‪-908360.9375‬‬ ‫‪777‬‬ ‫‪106‬‬ ‫‪84‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪-0.1634‬‬ ‫‪-989501.5000‬‬ ‫‪757‬‬ ‫‪114‬‬ ‫‪95‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪-0.1810‬‬ ‫‪-1051009.5000‬‬ ‫‪756‬‬ ‫‪113‬‬ ‫‪97‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪-0.1810‬‬ ‫‪-1041674.9375‬‬ ‫‪736‬‬ ‫‪103‬‬ ‫‪126‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪-0.1967‬‬ ‫‪-1104341.3750‬‬ ‫‪733‬‬ ‫‪104‬‬ ‫‪125‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪-0.1967‬‬ ‫‪-1044628.5000‬‬ ‫‪717‬‬ ‫‪105‬‬ ‫‪139‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪-0.2148‬‬ ‫‪-1110930.8750‬‬ ‫‪717‬‬ ‫‪101‬‬ ‫‪143‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪-0.2148‬‬ ‫‪-1082434.1250‬‬ ‫‪711‬‬ ‫‪100‬‬ ‫‪149‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪-0.2231‬‬ ‫‪-1098422.3750‬‬ ‫‪710‬‬ ‫‪99‬‬ ‫‪149‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪-0.0479‬‬ ‫‪122506.4219‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬

‫‪P U S H O V E R‬‬ ‫‪C U R V E‬‬

‫‪Pushover Case SYN‬‬

‫‪Step‬‬ ‫‪Displacement‬‬ ‫‪Base Force‬‬ ‫‪A-B‬‬ ‫‪B-IO IO-LS LS-CP‬‬ ‫‪CP-C‬‬ ‫‪C-D‬‬ ‫‪D-E‬‬ ‫‪>E TOTAL‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪-0.0011‬‬ ‫‪0.0000‬‬ ‫‪966‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0.0189‬‬ ‫‪167914.6563‬‬ ‫‪961‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪0.0279‬‬ ‫‪244084.0469‬‬ ‫‪938‬‬ ‫‪29‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪0.0516‬‬ ‫‪409486.4688‬‬ ‫‪916‬‬ ‫‪47‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪0.0716‬‬ ‫‪533775.6875‬‬ ‫‪874‬‬ ‫‪82‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪0.0930‬‬ ‫‪655743.0000‬‬ ‫‪840‬‬ ‫‪97‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪0.1149‬‬ ‫‪767282.1875‬‬ ‫‪813‬‬ ‫‪107‬‬ ‫‪47‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪0.1368‬‬ ‫‪864069.6875‬‬ ‫‪790‬‬ ‫‪104‬‬ ‫‪73‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪0.1569‬‬ ‫‪937701.5000‬‬ ‫‪769‬‬ ‫‪100‬‬ ‫‪98‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪0.1785‬‬ ‫‪1012987.7500‬‬ ‫‪755‬‬ ‫‪105‬‬ ‫‪106‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪0.1857‬‬ ‫‪1037348.2500‬‬ ‫‪754‬‬ ‫‪106‬‬ ‫‪106‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪0.1857‬‬ ‫‪1023537.8750‬‬ ‫‪741‬‬ ‫‪112‬‬ ‫‪112‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪0.1942‬‬ ‫‪1061510.5000‬‬ ‫‪736‬‬ ‫‪111‬‬ ‫‪114‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪0.1942‬‬ ‫‪962763.6875‬‬ ‫‪722‬‬ ‫‪110‬‬ ‫‪127‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪0.2138‬‬ ‫‪1022919.5625‬‬ ‫‪722‬‬ ‫‪110‬‬ ‫‪127‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬
‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪0.1460‬‬ ‫‪573987.1875‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪967‬‬

‫ﻫﻤﺎﻧﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ‪) LS‬ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﻲ( ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧـﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫـﺎﻱ‬

‫ﺑﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ‪ CP‬ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﮐـﻪ ﺑـﺮ ﺍﺳـﺎﺱ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫـﺎﻱ‬

‫ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ‪ FEMA356‬ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪٤٩‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪+X‬‬

‫‪٥٠‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪-X‬‬

‫‪٥١‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪+Y‬‬

‫‪٥٢‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪-Y‬‬

‫‪٥٣‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪+X‬‬

‫‪٥٤‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪-X‬‬

‫‪٥٥‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪+Y‬‬

‫‪٥٦‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﮏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ‪-Y‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪٥٧‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪ ‐٦‐٥‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺑﻮﻟﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ‪:‬‬

‫ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ‪ 8mm‬ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺿـﻬﺎﻱ ‪ 15cm‬ﻭ ‪ 20cm‬ﺗـﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ‬

‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ‪ L‬ﺩﺭ ﮔﻮﺷﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﻝﺑﻮﻟﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﻄـﻊ ﺑـﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣـﻪ ﺳـﺘﻮﻥ ﻣﻨـﺴﺠﻢ ﻭ ﻳﮑﭙﺎﺭﭼـﻪ‬

‫ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺑﻮﻟﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﻦ ﮊﺍﺕ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻭ ﻭ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺽ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺑـﺮ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﺗﺤـﺖ ﺍﺛـﺮ‬

‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻩ ﻭﺭﻗﻬﺎﻱ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺣﺪ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ )‪ (Fy‬ﺩﺭ ﮐﺸﺶ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺳﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﻟﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳـﺴﺖ‬

‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﺋﻲ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺤـﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﻫـﺎﻱ‬

‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﻮﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﻭﺟﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﺩ ﺑﺮ ﻫﻢ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺳـﺘﻮﻥ ﺍﻣﮑـﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﺒﻴـﻪ ﺑﻮﻟـﺖ‬

‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻮﻟﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺘﻦ ﺑﺘﻦﺁﺭﻣﻪ ﺑﺎ‬

‫ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ‪ ۴۰*۴۰‬ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪:‬‬

‫‪AJacket = (15 × 0.8 + 20 × 0.8) = 28cm 2‬‬

‫‪Pu = A × Fy ⇒ Pu = 28 × 2400 = 67200kg f‬‬
‫‪Vallow = 0.22 × Fu ⇒ Vallow = 0.22 × 6000 = 1320kg f / cm 2‬‬
‫‪Pu‬‬ ‫‪67200‬‬
‫= ‪useΦ 28 ⇒ n‬‬ ‫=‪⇒n‬‬ ‫‪=8‬‬
‫‪Vallow × As‬‬ ‫‪1320 × 6.16‬‬
‫‪∴V prov = 65050kg f ≅ Pu = 67200kg f ⇒ Ok‬‬

‫‪٥٨‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﭼﻨﺎﻧﮑﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ ۸‬ﺑﻮﻟﺖ ﺳﺎﻳﺰ ‪ ۲۸‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺑﻴﻦ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺳـﺘﻮﻥ‬

‫ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺮﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻘـﻞ ﺧﻮﺍﻫـﺪ ﺷـﺪ ﻟـﺬﺍ ﻓﻮﺍﺻـﻞ‬

‫ﺑﻮﻟﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﻦ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ ۲۵‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ‬

‫ﻫﻤﮑﻒ ﻭ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ ۶‬ﺑﻮﻟﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ ۸‬ﺑﻮﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐٧‐٥‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ‪ ١‬ﻭ ‪ ۶‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻧﺎﻭﺩﺍﻧﻲ ﺩﻭﺑﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨـﺪﻱ ‪ V‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤـﻮﺭ ‪۶‬‬

‫ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪﻱ ‪ 2UNP160‬ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨـﺪﻱ ‪ X‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤـﻮﺭ ‪ ۱‬ﺍﻋـﻀﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨـﺪﻱ ‪ 2UNP140‬ﻣـﻲﺑﺎﺷـﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣـﻲ‬

‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﻭ ﺑﻮﻟﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺮﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫‪X − Bracing :‬‬

‫‪Pmax = A × Fy ⇒ Pmax = 40.72 × 2400 = 97728kg f‬‬
‫‪⎧ Fx = P × Cosα ⎧ Fx = 74865kg f‬‬
‫⎨ ⇒ ‪α = 40 o‬‬ ‫⎨⇒‬
‫‪⎩ Fy = P × Sinα ⎩ Fy = 62818kg f‬‬
‫‪Fx = 74865kg f ⇒ Use12Φ 28( Bolt ) ⇒ Vallow = 12 × 0.22 × 6000 × 6.16 = 97574 ⇒ Ok‬‬
‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪D =0.8‬‬ ‫‪62818‬‬
‫= ‪Fy = 62818kg f ⇒ Lwelding‬‬ ‫⎯⎯‬ ‫= ‪⎯→ Lwelding‬‬ ‫‪= 83cm‬‬
‫‪0.75 × Cos 45 × 0.3 × 4200 × D‬‬ ‫‪756‬‬
‫)‪∴Use − Plate550 × 550 × 15( D = 0.8‬‬
‫‪V − Bracing :‬‬
‫‪Pmax = A × Fy ⇒ Pmax = 48.04 × 2400 = 115296kg f‬‬
‫‪⎧ Fx = P × Cosα ⎧ Fx = 66131kg f‬‬
‫⎨ ⇒ ‪α = 55o‬‬ ‫⎨⇒‬
‫⎩‬ ‫‪F‬‬‫‪y‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪P‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪Sin‬‬ ‫‪α‬‬ ‫‪⎩ Fy = 94445kg f‬‬
‫‪Fx = 66131kg f ⇒ Use12Φ 28( Bolt ) ⇒ Vallow = 12 × 0.22 × 6000 × 6.16 = 97574 ⇒ Ok‬‬
‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪D =0.8‬‬ ‫‪94445‬‬
‫= ‪Fy = 94445kg f ⇒ Lwelding‬‬ ‫⎯⎯‬ ‫= ‪⎯→ Lwelding‬‬ ‫‪= 125cm‬‬
‫‪0.75 × Cos 45 × 0.3 × 4200 × D‬‬ ‫‪756‬‬
‫)‪∴Use − Plate900 × 600 × 15( D = 0.8‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﻓـﻮﻕ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺗـﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨـﺪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺻـﻔﺤﺎﺕ ‪ 550x550x15‬ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺗـﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨـﺪﻫﺎﻱ ‪ X‬ﻭ ﺍﺯ‬

‫ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ‪ 900x600x15‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪﻫﺎ ‪ V‬ﺑﺎ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺩﻭﺭﺗﺎ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ‪ 8mm‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪٥٩‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪‐٨‐٥‬ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺍﺗﮑﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺑﺘﻦ‪:‬‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ )ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪ( ﺍﺯ ﺻـﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻓـﻮﻻﺩﻱ ‪ PL400x300x15‬ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬

‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﺋﻲ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻣﺠـﺎﺯ ﺍﺗﮑـﺎﺋﻲ ﺑـﻴﻦ ﺑـﺘﻦ ﻭ‬

‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻌﮑﻮﺱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻨـﻲ ﺑـﺎ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺣـﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﺗـﻨﺶ‬

‫ﺍﺗﮑﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺘﻦ ﻭ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑـﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﻴـﺖ ﻗـﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﮊﺍﮐـﺖ‬

‫ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﮐﻪ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪:‬‬

‫‪qallow = 0.3 × f c' ⇒ qallow = 0.3 × 250 = 75kg f / cm 2‬‬

‫‪Pmax (allow) = qallow × A ⇒ Pmax (allow) = 75 × 40 × 30 = 90000kg f‬‬
‫‪Pu = A jacket × Fy ⇒ Pu = 2 × 20 × 0.8 × 2400 = 76800kg f < 90000kg f ⇒ Ok‬‬

‫ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻣﻴﮕﺮﺩﺩ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻧﻲﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻳﺠـﺎﺩ ﺗـﻨﺶ ﺍﺗﮑـﺎﺋﻲ ﮐﻤﺘـﺮ ﺍﺯ‬

‫ﺣﺪ ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺘﻦ ﻭ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺧـﻮﺑﻲ ﻗﺎﺑـﻞ‬

‫ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪ )‪ X‬ﻭ ‪ (V‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺍﺑﻌـﺎﺩ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬

‫ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻓﺮﻋﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ )‪ (PL800x400x15‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳـﺒﺎﺕ ﻓـﻮﻕ‬

‫ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﺋﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ‪ ۲۴۰‬ﺗﻦ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻟﺰﻭﻣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺑﻨﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‐٩‐٥‬ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﮐﻔﺎﻳﺖ ﻟﭽﮑﻴﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺮﻭ‪:‬‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﻓﺮﻋﻲ ﮊﺍﮐﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻟﭽﮑﻲﻫﺎﻱ ‪ PL300x300x10‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺮﺽ‬

‫ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ ۲۰‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪:‬‬

‫‪L = 20cm‬‬
‫‪t = 1cm‬‬
‫‪Pu = L × t × Fy ⇒ Pu = 20 × 1 × 2400 = 48000kg f‬‬
‫‪Use2 PL300 × 300 × 10 ⇒ Pu = 2 × 48000 = 96000kg f > 76800kg f ⇒ Ok‬‬

‫‪٦٠‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﻟﭽﮑﻴﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻧﻲﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻩ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪٦١‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪ ‐١٠‐٥‬ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﮐﻔﺎﻳﺖ ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﮐﻔﺎﻳﺖ ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﭼﻮﻥ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻋﮑﺲﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﮑﻴﻪﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄـﻲ‬

‫ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﮑﻲ ﻃﻴﻔﻲ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﻧﺠـﺎﻡ ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ ﻭ ﻧﺘـﺎﻳﺞ ﺁﻥ ﺑـﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺯﻳـﻊ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ‪ Etabs‬ﺑﺎ ﮐﺴﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﮑﻲ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻋﮑﺲﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﮑﻴﻪﮔﺎﻫﻲ‬

‫ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﺮ ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ‪ Safe‬ﻧﮕﺎﺭﺵ ‪ 8.0.6‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ‪ ۳‬ﺍﻓـﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬

‫‪QUD‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄـﻪ ‪ k‬ﺿـﺮﻳﺐ ﺁﮔـﺎﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ‪≤ 3‬‬
‫‪kQCE‬‬

‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ ۱‬ﻓﺮﺽ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ )ﻣﺮﺩﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺯﻧـﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺯﻟﺰﻟـﻪ( ﺩﺭ ﺿـﺮﻳﺐ‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫ﺿﺮﺏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺿﺮﺍﻳﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻃﺮﺍﺣـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻇﺮﻓﻴـﺖ ﺧﻤـﺸﻲ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺷـﻲ ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳـﻴﻮﻥ ﮐﻨﺘـﺮﻝ‬
‫‪3‬‬

‫ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮏ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧـﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺩﻳﻨـﺎﻣﻴﮑﻲ ﺧﻄـﻲ ﺳـﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺒﻘـﺎﺕ ﺳـﺎﺯﻩ ﮐـﻪ ﻭﺍﮐﻨـﺸﻬﺎﻱ ﺣﺎﺻـﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑـﻪ‬

‫ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬

‫‪Story‬‬ ‫‪Load‬‬ ‫‪Loc‬‬ ‫‪P‬‬ ‫‪VX‬‬ ‫‪VY‬‬ ‫‪SP1-FX‬‬ ‫‪SP1-FY‬‬ ‫‪SP2-FX‬‬ ‫‪SP2-FY‬‬
‫‪43986.43‬‬ ‫‪13941.46‬‬
‫‪STORY8-1‬‬ ‫‪SPEC1‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪43986.43‬‬ ‫‪13941.46‬‬
‫‪14583.18‬‬ ‫‪40465.73‬‬ ‫‪43986.43‬‬ ‫‪13941.46‬‬
‫‪STORY8-1‬‬ ‫‪SPEC2‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪14583.18‬‬ ‫‪40465.73‬‬
‫‪249752.7‬‬ ‫‪83653.91‬‬ ‫‪14583.18‬‬ ‫‪40465.73‬‬
‫‪STORY8‬‬ ‫‪SPEC1‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪249752.7‬‬ ‫‪83653.91‬‬
‫‪84357.41‬‬ ‫‪211423.3‬‬ ‫‪205766.3‬‬ ‫‪69712.45‬‬
‫‪STORY8‬‬ ‫‪SPEC2‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪84357.41‬‬ ‫‪211423.3‬‬
‫‪380679.5‬‬ ‫‪144162.6‬‬ ‫‪69774.23‬‬ ‫‪170957.5‬‬
‫‪STORY7‬‬ ‫‪SPEC1‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪380679.5‬‬ ‫‪144162.6‬‬
‫‪143939.6‬‬ ‫‪347879.9‬‬ ‫‪130926.8‬‬ ‫‪60508.7‬‬
‫‪STORY7‬‬ ‫‪SPEC2‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪143939.6‬‬ ‫‪347879.9‬‬
‫‪476019.3‬‬ ‫‪191522.6‬‬ ‫‪59582.17‬‬ ‫‪136456.6‬‬
‫‪STORY6‬‬ ‫‪SPEC1‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪476019.3‬‬ ‫‪191522.6‬‬
‫‪190452.2‬‬ ‫‪444986.3‬‬ ‫‪95339.75‬‬ ‫‪47359.94‬‬
‫‪STORY6‬‬ ‫‪SPEC2‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪190452.2‬‬ ‫‪444986.3‬‬
‫‪563237.9‬‬ ‫‪227311.8‬‬ ‫‪46512.65‬‬ ‫‪97106.39‬‬
‫‪STORY5‬‬ ‫‪SPEC1‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪563237.9‬‬ ‫‪227311.8‬‬
‫‪225951.5‬‬ ‫‪522370.8‬‬ ‫‪87218.62‬‬ ‫‪35789.28‬‬
‫‪STORY5‬‬ ‫‪SPEC2‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪225951.5‬‬ ‫‪522370.8‬‬
‫‪637508.9‬‬ ‫‪252741‬‬ ‫‪35499.29‬‬ ‫‪77384.56‬‬

‫‪٦٢‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

‫‪STORY4‬‬ ‫‪SPEC1‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪637508.9‬‬ ‫‪252741‬‬

‫‪251525.5‬‬ ‫‪587689‬‬ ‫‪74271.05‬‬ ‫‪25429.21‬‬
‫‪STORY4‬‬ ‫‪SPEC2‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪251525.5‬‬ ‫‪587689‬‬
‫‪691874.2‬‬ ‫‪267995.3‬‬ ‫‪25573.96‬‬ ‫‪65318.14‬‬
‫‪STORY3‬‬ ‫‪SPEC1‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪691874.2‬‬ ‫‪267995.3‬‬
‫‪266995.9‬‬ ‫‪638438.6‬‬ ‫‪54365.25‬‬ ‫‪15254.23‬‬
‫‪STORY3‬‬ ‫‪SPEC2‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪266995.9‬‬ ‫‪638438.6‬‬
‫‪724449.5‬‬ ‫‪274965.7‬‬ ‫‪15470.43‬‬ ‫‪50749.6‬‬
‫‪STORY2‬‬ ‫‪SPEC1‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪724449.5‬‬ ‫‪274965.7‬‬
‫‪274745.1‬‬ ‫‪670499.1‬‬ ‫‪32575.32‬‬ ‫‪6970.38‬‬
‫‪STORY2‬‬ ‫‪SPEC2‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪274745.1‬‬ ‫‪670499.1‬‬
‫‪729051.8‬‬ ‫‪275501.8‬‬ ‫‪7749.15‬‬ ‫‪32060.5‬‬
‫‪STORY1‬‬ ‫‪SPEC1‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪729051.8‬‬ ‫‪275501.8‬‬
‫‪275501.8‬‬ ‫‪674461.2‬‬ ‫‪4602.28‬‬ ‫‪536.19‬‬
‫‪STORY1‬‬ ‫‪SPEC2‬‬ ‫‪Bottom‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪275501.8‬‬ ‫‪674461.2‬‬
‫‪756.75‬‬ ‫‪3962.15‬‬

‫‪ ‐١١‐٥‬ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﺋﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﺋﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺳـﻄﺢ ﻋﻤﻠﮑـﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻤﻨـﻲ‬

‫ﺟﺎﻧﻲ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻗﺎﺏ ﺧﻤﺸﻲ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ ۱‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻳـﺎ‬

‫ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻲ ‪ 0.1H‬ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ‪ H‬ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑـﺮﺩ ﺳـﺎﺯﻩ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫـﺎﻱ ﺑـﺎﺭ‬

‫ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻄـﻪ ﮐﻨﺘـﺮﻝ‬

‫ﺳﺎﺯﻩ )ﺑﺎﻡ( ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ 15.4cm‬ﻭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﮕـﻮﻱ ﺑـﺎﺭ ‪) DYP‬ﺗﻮﺯﻳـﻊ ﻧـﻮﻉ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳـﺘﺎﻱ ﺷـﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﻨـﻮﺏ ﻭ ﺟﻬـﺖ ‪(+Y‬‬

‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﮐﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺗﺮﺍﺯ ﻓﻮﻧﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ 24.55m‬ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﺳـﺎﺯﻩ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ 15.4 /(24.55 × 100) = 0.0063‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 1%‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻘﻴـﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴـﺮ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﻬـﺎﻱ‬

‫ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﻊ ﺁﻥ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﮕﻮﻱ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

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‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

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‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

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‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

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‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

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‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

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‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

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‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

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‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺯﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﺮﺯﻩﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬

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