Conjunction
1. Definition
A conjunction is a connecting word used to link words with words, phrases with phrases, or
clauses with clauses. Conjunctions make sentences clearer, more connected, and easier to
understand.
2. Types of Conjunctions
a. Coordinating Conjunctions
(Connect two equal words/phrases/clauses)
Formula: FANBOYS
For = because
And = and
Nor = neither
But = but
Or = or
Yet = however
So = so
Examples:
I like tea and coffee.
She is smart, but she is lazy.
Do you want chicken or fish?
He was tired, so he went to bed early.
b. Subordinating Conjunctions
(Connect a main clause with a subordinate clause)
Examples: because, although, if, when, before, after, since, until
Examples:
I stayed at home because it was raining.
She kept smiling although she was sad.
You can play outside if you finish your homework.
I will call you when I arrive.
c. Correlative Conjunctions
(Paired conjunctions)
Examples: both … and, either … or, neither … nor, not only … but also
Examples:
Both my brother and my sister like pizza.
You can choose either tea or coffee.
He likes not only singing but also dancing.
3. Example in a Paragraph
Yesterday was a rainy day, so I decided to stay at home. I wanted to watch a movie, but my
sister wanted to play a game. Finally, we watched a movie together and played a game after
that. It was fun although the weather was bad.
4. Exercises
A. Multiple Choice
Choose the correct conjunction!
1. I like apples, ___ I don’t like oranges.
a. and
b. but
c. or
d. so
2. She stayed at home ___ it was raining.
a. because
b. so
c. but
d. or
3. We can go to the park ___ the mall.
a. and
b. but
c. or
d. so
B. Fill in the blanks with the correct conjunction!
4. I was tired, ___ I went to bed early.
5. He didn’t come to school ___ he was sick.
6. My father likes football, ___ he doesn’t like basketball.
THE USE OF PREPOSITION IN, ON, AT
A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other
words in a sentence.
Prepositions of Time: IN – ON – AT
Preposition Usage Examples
in January, in February in 1999, in 2020 in the
- Months - Years - Seasons - Parts of
IN summer, in the winter in the morning, in the
the day (except night)
afternoon
on Monday, on Friday on the 1st of April, on
- Days of the week - Specific dates -
ON 25th December on Christmas Day, on New
Special days/holidays
Year’s Day
- Exact times (hours, minutes) - at 3 o’clock, at 17:30 at noon, at midnight, at
AT
Specific moments of the day sunset
Prepositions of Place: IN – ON – AT
Preposition Usage Examples
in Jakarta, in
Used to indicate something inside a larger or enclosed
IN Indonesia, in the
area/space (city, country, building, box).
room, in the box
on the table, on
Used to indicate something located on a surface (table,
ON the wall, on the
wall, floor) or public transport.
floor, on the bus
at the station, at
Used to indicate a specific point or location (address,
AT the bus stop, at the
event, bus stop).
door, at the party