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Imaging Techniques: Projections Explained

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michaeldesanta9162
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2 views24 pages

Imaging Techniques: Projections Explained

Lecture notes

Uploaded by

michaeldesanta9162
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Imaging

Orthographic Projection
o Image plane is
perpendicular to one
of the coordinate axes.

o All rays are parallel.

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Oblique Projection
► Arbitrary relationship between projectors and
projection plane

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Projective Projection
Projectors converge at center of projection

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Camera Model

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Homogeneous coordinate
► Addextra coordinate:
P = (px , py , ph) or
x = (x, y, h)

Points: h = 1 (for the time being…),


Homogeneous coordinate
► Add extra coordinate:
P = (px , py , ph) or
x = (x, y, h)
► Cartesian coordinates: divide by h
x = (x/h, y/h)
► Points: h = 1 (for the time being…),
vectors: h = 0
Translation matrix

Translation :
 x'   1 0 t x  x 
    
 y '  =  0 1 t y  y 
 1   0 0 1  1 
    
or
P ' = T(t x , t y )P
Rotation matrix

Rotation :
 x'   cos  − sin  0  x 
    
 y '  =  sin  cos  0  y 
1  0 0 1  1 
  
or
P' = R ( )P
Scaling matrix

Scaling :
 x'   s x 0 0  x 
    
 y'  =  0 sy 0  y 
1  0 0 1  1 
  
or
P ' = S( s x , s y ) P
Inverse transformations

Translation :
T -1 (t x , t y ) = T(−t x ,−t y )
Rotation :
R -1 ( ) = R (− )
Scaling :
−1 1 1
S ( s x , s y ) = S( , )
sx s y
Combining transformations

P ' = M1P first tran sformation ...


P '' = M 2 P ' second transformation...
Combined :
P '' = M 2 (M1P)
= M 2M1P
= MP with M = M 2 M 1
General perspective projection
► Eye is at Origin
► If the projecting plane is not one of the
principle plane
► It is given by direction cosine (l,m,n) have
a (x0, y0, z0).
► Line joining World point (X, Y, Z) and origin
will be intersect it at (x,y,z).
► Also (x,y,z) will lie on the plane
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►

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General perspective projection
► Eye is at (a,b,c)
► If the projecting plane is not one of the
principle plane
► It is given by direction cosine (l,m,n) have
a (x0, y0, z0).
► Line joining World point (X, Y, Z) and origin
will be intersect it at (x,y,z).
► Also (x,y,z) will lie on the plane
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Steps
► Translate eye to origin
► Translate [-a –b –c]
► Apply projective transformation
► Translate [a b c]

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image camera not aligned
► Bringthem to same coordinate position
► And than apply transformation
► Camera centre is displaced by W
► Have x aixs rotation by theta
► And z aixs rotation by alpha

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