National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences

School of Engineering Islamabad Campus

Serial No:
EE323-Analogue & Digital Sessional-II Exam
Communication Total Time: 01 Hour
Monday November 23, 2020 Total Marks: 40
Course Instructors
Dr. Shahzad Saleem & Dr. Farhan Khalid

____________________________ _______ __________ _____________________

Student Name Roll No Section Signature

DO NOT OPEN THE QUESTION BOOK OR START UNTIL INSTRUCTED.

Instructions:
1. Verify at the start of the exam that you have a total of three (3) questions plus
four formula sheets printed on ten (10) pages including this title page.
2. Attempt all questions on the question-book and in the given order.
3. The exam is closed books, closed notes. Please see that the area in your threshold
is free of any material classified as ‘useful in the paper’ or else there may a charge
of cheating.
4. Read the questions carefully for clarity of context and understanding of meaning
and make assumptions wherever required, for neither the invigilator will address
your queries, nor the teacher/examiner will come to the examination hall for any
assistance.
5. Fit in all your answers in the provided space. You may use extra space on the last
page if required. If you do so, clearly mark question/part number on that page to
avoid confusion.
6. Use only your own stationery and calculator. If you do not have your own
calculator, use manual calculations.
7. Use only permanent ink-pens. Only the questions attempted with permanent ink-
pens will be considered. Any part of paper done in lead pencil cannot be claimed
for rechecking.

Q-1 Q-2 Q-3 Total

Total Marks 15 15 10 40

Marks Obtained

Assessment of CLO CLO 2 CLO 3 CLO3

Vetted By: ____________________________Vetter Signature: ____________________

 National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences
School of Engineering Islamabad Campus
Q1.
CLO-02: Analyze analog communication systems such as amplitude-modulated, frequency-
modulated, and phase-modulated systems.
[6+3+6 = 15 Marks]
Consider a message signal = 2cos 50 that FM modulates a carrier signal =
2cos 4000 . The frequency deviation constant is = 100. Before transmission, the FM
signal is passed through an ideal bandpass filter (bandwidth = 120 Hz, centre frequency = 2
kHz) with the following response.

|J( )| 120 Hz

2000 Hz
Answer the following.
i) Identify an expression for the FM modulated signal.
ii) Calculate the modulation index of the FM system.
iii) Identify the spectrum of the FM signal at the output of the bandpass filter.

i) = cos 2 +2 −∞

!
= 2 cos 2 × 2000 + 2 × 100 2 cos 50
"#

sin 50
= 2 cos $4000 + 200 × 2 '
50

= 2 cos 4000 + 8 sin 50

)* +,-.|0 ! |1 )* 3 5
ii) = 2
= = 100 × 56 = 8.
4

iii) = ∑#
;<"# 9 :; cos 2 9 += 0

= > 2 :; 8 cos 2 2000 + 25=

;<"#

#
1
? = 2 × > :; 8 @AB + 2000 + 25= C + AB − 2000 + 25= CD
2
;<"#

Here because of the bandwidth of the bandpass filter which is 120 Hz, we will have tones at
9 − 50, 9 − 25, 9 , 9 + 25, 9 + 50. The related numerical frequencies will be
1950, 1975, 2000, 2025, 2050. The amplitudes of these tones will be
:"5 8 , :"H 8 , :I 8 , :H 8 , :5 8 , respectively. The spectrum would be symmetric for
negative frequencies.

Sessional II Fall 2020 Page 2 of 4

 National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences
School of Engineering Islamabad Campus
Q2.
CLO-03: Analyze the performance of analog communication systems in the presence of
random noise.
[7+4+4 = 15 Marks]
Consider a WSS random process K has a mean L = 3 with power spectral density
NL ( ) 10 "O
∏ . This process passes through the system shown below
QII

i) Calculate the power spectral density of R .

ii) Calculate the power in R .
iii) Identify if R is WSS? Why?
i)
NS NT |J |5
Now
If K A , then
1 V
U A W A W .
2
Therefore,
X
J 2 Y "Z5[ \ Y "Z5[ \
2
Y "Z5[ \ 1 X ,
where
|J | |1 X | ]1 5 5

and
|J |5 1 5 5
.
Finally,
10"O 5 5
1 , | | a 400
NS 10"O ∏ ^ _ 5 5
1 ` .
800 0, otherwise

ii)
iII iII iII
gS Nh 10 "O 5 5
10 "O
"iII "iII "iII
O iII
10"O 5
j 10"O |iII
"iII k 421103.8 l
3 "iII

iii) To prove that R is WSS, we notice that R is the result of passing

a WSS process K through an LTI system, therefore R( ) is WSS.

Sessional II Fall 2020 Page 3 of 4

 National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences
School of Engineering Islamabad Campus
Q3.
CLO-03: Analyze the performance of analog communication systems in the presence of
random noise.
[5+5 = 10 Marks]
In a broadcasting communication system, the transmitter power is 50 kW, the channel
attenuation is 70 dB with bandwidth 10 kHz, and the noise power spectral density mI =
10"HO W/Hz. The message signal has a bandwidth of 5 kHz and it is conventional AM
modulated.
i) Calculate the baseband signal-to-noise ratio.
ii) Calculate the output signal-to-noise ratio (in dBs) if the modulation index is
0.8 and the normalized message signal power is 0.2.

n qr
i) We know that = .
o p os 2

Since the channel attenuation is 70 dB, therefore,

qv
10 log = 70 ⇒ gw = 10"x g\ = 10"x × 50 × 10O = 5 × 10"O
qr
W.

Because the channel bandwidth is 10 kHz, therefore,

g; = mI l = 10"HO × 5 × 10O = 5 × 10"HI l.

Therefore,

N 5 × 10"O
^ _ = = 10x
m p 5 × 10"HI
N
^ _ y = 70 dB.
m p z{

ii) For conventional AM,

N N g•‚ N
^ _ = • ^ _ = €5 ^ _
m ~ m p 1 + € 5 g•‚ m p

0.2
= 0.8 5
× 10x
1 + 0.8 5 0.2

= 1134751.77 ≈ 60.5 dB

Sessional II Fall 2020 Page 4 of 4