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የኢትዮጵያኮንስትራክሽንሥራዎችኮርፖሬሽን
OF/
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/001
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OPI
ANCONSTRUCTI
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ON

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isonoft
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anExpedi
ti
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onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
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fi
ceBui
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Nameoft
heon-
jobTr
aini
ng[
FDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject
]

Dat
eoft
heon-
jobTr
aini
ng[
Jul
y_14t
oAugust
_13_
2025]

Tr
aineePr
ojectManager
s’Name:[
Gir
mayHai
lesel
assi
e]

Tr
aineePr
ojectManager
s’I
D:[
CPDi
/FPM/
034/
25]

Submi
tt
edt
o:CPDi

August14,
2025

Addi
sAbaba,
Ethi
opi
a
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የኢትዮጵያኮንስትራክሽንሥራዎችኮርፖሬሽን
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Tabl
eofCont
ent
s
ACKNOWLEGDEMENT i
v
l
i
stofFI
GURES v
l
i
stofTABLES v
i
LI
STOFABBREVI
ATI
ONSANDACRONYMS v
ii
ABSTRACT v
ii
i
CHAPTERONE 1
1.
INTRODUCTI
ON 1
1.
1Gener
ali
nfor
mat
ionofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
l
dingpr
oject 1
1.
2Pr
ojectdat
aofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
l
dingpr
oject 2
1.
3Scopeoft
hewor
k 6
1.
4St
atementoft
hepr
obl
em 7
1.
5Resear
chQuest
ion 7
1.
6Obj
ect
ivesoft
heSt
udy 7
1.
6.1Gener
alObj
ect
ive 7
1.
6.2Speci
fi
cObj
ect
ive 8
1.
7Ov
erv
iewoft
hePaperSt
ruct
ure 8
CHAPTERTWO 8
[Link]
TERATUREREVI
EW 8
2.
1Gener
al 9
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OPI
ANCONSTRUCTI
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ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

2.
2Pr
ojectLi
feCy
cles 9
2.
3pr
ojectphase 10
2.
4ThePr
ojectManagementPr
ocessGr
oup 11
2.
4.1ThePr
ojectPr
ocessGr
oup 11
2.
4.2Emer
gingTr
endsandFut
ureDi
rect
ions 12
2.
5Technol
ogi
cal
Int
egr
ati
oni
nCMPG 12
2.
6LeanConst
ruct
ionPr
inci
ples 12
2.
7Pr
ojectManagementPr
ocesses 12
2.
8Ident
if
icat
ionofGapsi
ncur
rentknowl
edge 13
CHAPTERTHREE 14
METHODOLOGY 14
3.
1Expl
anat
ionoft
heResear
chDesi
gn 14
3.
2Par
ti
cipant
s 15
3.
3Dat
aCol
l
ect
ionPr
ocedur
es 15
CHAPTERFOUR 16
RESULTS 16
4.
1Pr
esent
ati
onofFi
ndi
ngs 17
CHAPTERFI
VE 18
DI
SCUSSI
ON 18
5.
1Int
erpr
etat
ionofResul
ts 18
5.
[Link]
isonwi
thExi
sti
ngLi
ter
atur
e 18
i
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OPI
ANCONSTRUCTI
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ceBui
ldi
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oject

5.
2.1Execut
ionI
ssuesi
nPr
ojectEv
aluat
ion 18
5.
2.2 Ti
me-
BoundPr
ocessesandFr
ont
-EndLoadi
ng(
FEL) 19
5.
2.3Pr
ojectLi
feCy
clesandPr
ojectPhases 19
5.
2.4Pr
ojectManagementPr
ocessGr
oup(
PMPG) 19
5.
3Impl
i
cat
ionoft
heFi
ndi
ngs 18
5.
3 Li
mit
ati
onsoft
heSt
udy 19
CHAPTERSI
X 20
SUMMARY,
CONCLUSI
ONANDRECOMMENDATI
ON 20
6.
1Summar
yofkeypoi
nts 20
6.
1.1AbsenceofExecut
edPl
anandSi
tePossessi
on 20
6.
1.2Jeopar
dizedPr
ojectPl
anExecut
ion 20
6.
1.3Cont
ractAgr
eementandPr
ojectTi
mel
i
ne 20
6.
1.4Unspeci
fi
edTi
mef
ramef
orPr
ojectCompl
eti
on 20
6.
1.4RootCause:
Sit
ePossessi
onChal
l
enges 21
6.
2Recommendat
ion 21
6.
3Ov
eral
lconcl
usi
on 21
Ref
erences 23

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ACKNOWLEGDEMENT
Fi
rstofal
l
,Iwoul
dli
ket
oexpr
essmygr
ati
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might
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orenabl
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pingmet
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Secondl
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endmydeepestgr
ati
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ojectmanager
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l
FDARA(
Feder
alDocument
s Aut
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er
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affwhohel
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Ial
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eci
ati
ont
othebr
oaderacademi
ccommuni
tyf
ori
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nval
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cont
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ionsandsuppor
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i
nst
rument
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nshapi
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comesoft
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I
ncl
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tomyf
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ort
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scussi
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andshar
ed
exper
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eaddeddept
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iehasbeen
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Fi
nal
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ami
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lar
[Link] gr
atef
ulf
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hei
rencour
agementandf
orshar
ingt
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our
neywi
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me.

i
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LI
STOFFI
GURES
Fi
gur
e1.
1:-MeanMont
hlyandAnnual
Rai
nfal
l(mm)…………………….
..
..
……………………1
Fi
gur
e1.
2:-FDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
l
dingTempl
ate……………………3

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OPI
ANCONSTRUCTI
ONWORKSCORPORATI
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isonoft
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onandSi
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iof7
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onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
Of
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LI
STOFTABLES
Tabl
e1.
1:-Gener
alPr
ojectI
nfor
mat
ionBef
oreOmi
ssi
on……….
..
.……………………………….
2

Tabl
e1.
2:-Gener
alPr
ojectI
nfor
mat
ionaf
terOmi
ssi
on…………………….
..
..
.……………………3

Tabl
e4.
[Link]
ali
nfor
mat
ionoft
hepr
ojectobt
ainedf
rom documentanal
ysi
s.…15

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OF/
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CPDi
/001
ETHI
OPI
ANCONSTRUCTI
ONWORKSCORPORATI
ON
I
ssueNo:
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isonoft
hePl
anExpedi
ti
onandSi
te
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iiof8
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onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

LI
STOFABBREVI
ATI
ONSANDACRONYMS

FDARA-
--
Feder
alDocument
sAut
hent
icat
ionandRegi
str
ati
onAgency

BI
M--
-Bui
l
dingI
nfor
mat
ionModel
i
ng

ECWC-
--
Ethi
opi
anConst
ruct
ionWor
ksCor
por
ati
on

EOT-
--Ext
ensi
onofTi
me

CPDi
--
-Const
ruct
ionPr
ofessi
onal
Dev
elopmentI
nst
it
ute

Km -
--Ki
l
oMet
er

mm -
--Mi
l
iMet
er

m-
--met
er

m2-
--squar
emet
er

PMBOK-
--Pr
ojectManagementBodyofKnowl
edge

PMI-
--Pr
ojectManagementI
nst
it
ute

PPA-
--Publ
i
cPr
ocur
ementAgency

VAT-
--Val
ueAddedTax

⁰
c--
-Degr
eeCel
si
us

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OF/
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/001
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OPI
ANCONSTRUCTI
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onandSi
te
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ii
iof9
Possessi
onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

ABSTRACT
Theadher enceoft heFDARA( Feder alDocument sAut henticati
on&Regi str
ationAgency )
HeadQuar t
er4B+G+21Of fi
ceBui l
dingPr ojecttot hePr ojectProcessGr oupsModul ei s
cri
t i
callyexami nedi nthisstudy ,withaf ocusoni ssuesi ncludingunr esolvedr i
ght-of -
way conf li
cts,r esource limitati
ons,and consequent pr oject del [Link] it
ative
techni quescl ar
if
yhow Pr oj
ectPr ocessGr oupsi deasar eusedi nr eal-
wor ldscenar ios
through t he use ofa descr i
ptive case st udy desi [Link] f indings highl i
ghthow
widespr eadt heeffectsofunr esolvedr ight-
of -
wayconcer nsar e,l
eadi ngt omaj ordel ay s,
costov erruns,andt i
metableext ensi [Link] ghl i
ghtingi nf
ormat i
ongaps,hi ghlighting
thenecessi tyofcust omizedappr oachesi nr oadpr ojects,andt akingi ntoaccount
culturalqui rks,thest udymakesav aluablecont ri
but i
[Link] ami fi
cati
onsencompass
i
mpr ov i
ng pr oj
ectmanagementmet hodologies,pr oviding signi f
icantdi rection f or
i
nt erestedpar ti
[Link] udyendswi thspeci fi
cpr oposal smeantt ohar moni zepr oject
procedur es wi tht he ProjectPr ocess Gr oups Modul e,of f
ering pr acti
ti
oner s and
l
egi slatorsinv ol
vedi nrel
atedunder t
aki ngs.

Keywords:projectmanagement,casest
udydesign,bui
l
dingconstructi
on,ri
ght
-of
-way
i
ssues,resour
ceconst r
aint
s,del
aysintheproj
ect,quali
tat
iveresearch,FDARAHead
Quart
er4B+G+21Of fi
ceBuildi
ngProj
ect
,andadapti
vestr
ategies.

v
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oject

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OF/
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CPDi
/001
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OPI
ANCONSTRUCTI
ONWORKSCORPORATI
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isonoft
hePl
anExpedi
ti
onandSi
te
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onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
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fi
ceBui
ldi
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oject

CHAPTERONE

1.
INTRODUCTI
ON

1.
1Gener
ali
nfor
mat
ionofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngpr
oject
FDARA(
Feder
alDocument
s Aut
hent
icat
ion and Regi
str
ati
on Agency
)Head Quar
ter
4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
l
dingPr
ojecti
ssi
tedi
ntheSout
her
n-East
ernout
ski
rtar
eaofAddi
s
Ababaci
tyi
nLi
det
asubci
tyAr
oundMexi
cowi
thanal
ti
tudev
ary
ingf
rom 2450m t
o
2500m abov
emeanseal
evelandi
ts’cl
i
mat
eiscat
egor
izedashotar
idwi
tht
hemean
annualt
emper
atur
eof19⁰
cwi
thanannualr
ainf
allof1189mm perannum and97.
8
mm permont
h.

Fi
gur
e1.
1:-MeanMont
hlyandAnnual
Rai
nfal
l(mm)

Thepr
ojectbui
l
dingst
art
satt
hej
unct
ionofMexi
co,
Tegbar
e-edipol
ytechni
quecol
l
ege

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neart
oSengat
eraar
eaont
her
oadf
rom Tekl
ehay
manotr
oundaboutendsatMexi
co
Taxi
ter
[Link]
ojecti
ncl
udest
oConst
ructa4basement
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ne,
21f
loor
sat
otal
26-
stor
yof
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cebui
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dingWi
thTot
alFl
oorar
ea2,
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l
tupar
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otal
f
loorar
eaofappr
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mat
ely36,
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emet
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Thepr
ojectschedul
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orNov
ember3,2024,r
esul
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ToConst
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cebui
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[Link]
th
Tot
alFl
oorar
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l
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otalf
loorar
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emet
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ecompl
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ancewi
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n1546Cal
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ernmentBui
l
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Ar
chi
tect
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neer
[Link]
alGov
ernmentBui
l
dingConst
ruct
ionandECWCwas
si
gnedont
hedat
eofSept
ember24,
2020,
andt
hecommencementor
derwasi
ssuedon
t
hedat
eofSept
ember24,[Link]
oyeroft
hispr
ojectsi
gnedt
hecont
ractwi
th
ECWC f
ora pr
ice of1,
649,
471,
613.
96 ETB,i
ncl
udi
ng 10% cont
ingency
,speci
fi
ed
pr
ovi
si
onal15%VAT,orsuchot
hersumsasmaybecomepay
abl
eundert
hepr
ovi
sion
oft
hecont
ract
.

1.
2Pr
ojectdat
aofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject
Asi
twasment
ionedear
li
eri
nthepr
evi
oussect
ion,onSept
ember24,2020,
TheCl
i
ent
(
Feder
alGov
ernmentBui
l
dingConst
ruct
ion)andECWCsi
gnedacont
ract
.

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OF/
ECWC/
CPDi
/001
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OPI
ANCONSTRUCTI
ONWORKSCORPORATI
ON
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isonoft
hePl
anExpedi
ti
onandSi
te
Page3of13
Possessi
onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

Gener
all
y,t
hepr
ojectconceptcanbesummar
izedbyt
hef
oll
owi
ngt
abl
ebel
ow:
Tabl
e1.
1:-Gener
alPr
ojectI
nfor
mat
ionBef
oreOmi
ssi
on

Numbe I
tem Descr
ipt
ion
r
1 Pr
ojectName The Const
ruct
ion ofa FDARA 4B+G+21 Head
Quar
terOf
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject
2 Pr
oject Addi
sAbabaci
ty(
Lidet
aSub-
cit
y)
l
ocat
ion
3 Pr
ojectCost 1,
649,
471,
613.
96ETBi
ncl
udi
ngVAT
4 Sponsor Feder
alGov
ernmentBui
ldi
ngConst
ruct
ion
5 Cl
ient Feder
alGov
ernmentBui
ldi
ngConst
ruct
ion
6 Consul
tant Yohaness Abbay Consul
ti
ng Ar
chi
tect
s and
Engi
neer
s
7 Cont
ract
or Et
hiopi
anConst
ruct
ionWor
ksCor
por
ati
ons
8 Tot
al Fl
oor 36,
544m2
Ar
ea
9 Ti
me f
or 1546Cal
endarday
s
Compl
eti
on
10 Commenceme Nov
ember03/
2020
ntdat
e
11 Compl
eti
on Januar
y27/
2025
Dat
e

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OF/
ECWC/
CPDi
/001
ETHI
OPI
ANCONSTRUCTI
ONWORKSCORPORATI
ON
I
ssueNo:
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tl
e: PageNo.

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isonoft
hePl
anExpedi
ti
onandSi
te
Page4of14
Possessi
onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

Sour FDARAMast
ce:- erWor
k
Fr
om Themai
nobj
ect
iveoft
hispr
ojecti
stodel
i
verapr
operandst
andar
dizedof
fi
cef
or
FDARA(
Feder
alDocument
sAut
hent
icat
ionandRegi
str
ati
onAgency
)andToConst
ruct
a4basement
,1mezzani
ne,21f
loor
sat
otal26-
stor
yof
fi
cebui
l
[Link]
thTot
alFl
oor
ar
ea2,
758m2,Bui
l
tupar
ea1,
800m2&at
otalf
loorar
eaofappr
oxi
mat
ely36,
544m2.
I
ngener
al,
thepr
ojectl
ooksl
i
ket
hef
oll
owi
ngdi
agr
am:

Fi
gur
e1.
2:FDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
l
dingPr
ojectTempl
ate

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OF/
ECWC/
CPDi
/001
ETHI
OPI
ANCONSTRUCTI
ONWORKSCORPORATI
ON
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ssueNo:
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isonoft
hePl
anExpedi
ti
onandSi
te
Page5of15
Possessi
onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

Tabl
e1.
2:-Gener
alPr
ojectI
nfor
mat
ionaf
terOmi
ssi
on

Numbe I
tem Descr
ipt
ion
r
1 Pr
ojectName FDARAHeadQuat
er4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngpr
oject
2 Pr
ojectl
ocat
ion Addi
sAbabaci
ty(
Lidet
aSub-
cit
y)
3 Rev
isedAct
ualPr
ojectCost 3,
127,
491,
214.
16ETBi
ncl
udi
ngVAT
4 Sponsor Feder
alGov
ernmentBui
ldi
ngConst
ruct
ion
5 Cl
ient Feder
alGov
ernmentBui
ldi
ngConst
ruct
ion
6 Consul
tant YohannesAbbayConsul
ti
ngAr
chi
tect
s&Engi
neer
s
7 Cont
ract
or Et
hiopi
anConst
ruct
ionWor
ksCor
por
ati
ons
8 End-
user
s FDARA(
Feder
al Document
s Aut
hent
icat
ion and Regi
str
ati
on
Agency
)
9 Appr
ovedEOT 498Day
s
10 Tot
alGr
eenAr
ea(
m2) 550m2
11 Tot
alDur
ati
ons 1546Cal
endarday
sar
eappr
ovedandEOT2i
srequest
ed
12 Tot
alFl
oorAr
ea 36,
544m2
13 commencementdat
e Nov
ember03,
2020

14 Rev
isedCompl
eti
ondat
e Januar
y27,
2025
15 Or
ginalCompl
eti
onDat
e Nov
ember03,
2024

ce:-FDARAMast
Sour erWor
k
Si
ncet
hepr
ojecti
sconst
ruct
ingt
odel
i
verapr
operandst
andar
dizedof
fi
cef
orFDARA
(
Feder
alDocument
sAut
hent
icat
ionandRegi
str
ati
onAgency
)andToConst
ructa4
basement
,1mezzani
ne,21f
loor
sat
otal26-
stor
yof
fi
cebui
l
ding.I
naddi
ti
ont
othose,
t
heFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
l
ding st
ruct
uresont
henet
wor
k;t
hus,
the

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ECWC/
CPDi
/001
ETHI
OPI
ANCONSTRUCTI
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isonoft
hePl
anExpedi
ti
onandSi
te
Page6of16
Possessi
onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

TheScope,Cost
,Ti
meandBui
l
dingst
ruct
urehast
obedet
ermi
nedandr
evi
ewed.I
n
doi
ngso,t
heconsul
tantandt
hecont
ract
orpl
anni
nganddesi
gnt
eam col
l
abor
atedt
o
checkt
headequacyandsust
ainabi
l
ityoft
hebui
l
dingst
ruct
urest
hatsui
ttheact
ualand
exi
sti
ngsi
tecondi
ti
onsf
ort
her
evi
ewofBui
l
dingconst
ruct
ionpr
[Link]
l
dingof
t
hisar
ea,whi
chi
sfr
om t
hecompoundandadj
acentar
ea,hassi
gni
fi
cantdi
ff
erence.
Thef
oll
owi
ng scanned pi
ctur
eshowsasummar
yofmedi
um and mi
norst
ruct
ure
cr
ossi
ngs f
oreach bui
l
ding st
ruct
ure as pert
he Costand Scope r
equi
rement
s,
consi
der
ingt
heur
bani
zat
ionoft
hear
ea.I
ngener
al,
iti
simpl
ement
edaspert
hedesi
gn
consul
tant
'smi
nimum r
equi
rement
,whi
chi
saTi
me,scopeandt
hecostshoul
dbe
bal
[Link]
er,
ont
hedesi
gnr
evi
ew,
consi
der
ingeaseofmai
ntenance,
debr
isf
low,
andsi
l
tat
ionpr
obl
ems,
themi
nimum cr
ossi
ngpi
peshav
ebeenr
evi
sedt
oami
nimum of
52⁰ofi
ncl
i
nat
ion.

1.
3Scopeoft
hewor
k
Thescopeoft
hispr
ojecti
ncl
udesbutnotl
i
mit
edt
o:-(
Const
ruct
ionofMai
nBui
l
ding,
Si
teWor
k,Guar
dHouse,PowerHouseandFence)Ear
thwor
k,Concr
etewor
k,Masonr
y
wor
k,Met
alwor
k,WoodPl
ast
icandComposi
teswor
k,Ther
mal
andMoi
stur
ePr
otect
ion,
Openi
ngs,Fi
nishi
ng,Speci
alt
ies,Pl
umbi
ng,Heat
ing,Vent
il
ati
ngandAi
rcondi
ti
oni
ng,
El
ect
ri
cal
,Communi
cat
ions&El
ect
roni
cSaf
etyandSecur
it
y.

I
ngener
al,
thewor
kfort
hispr
ojecti
nvol
vest
hef
oll
owi
ngbasi
cit
ems,
buti
snotl
i
mit
ed
t
o:
 Const
ruct
ionofmai
nst
ruct
ures(
bui
l
ding,
guar
dhouse,
powerhouse,
fence)
 ear
thwor
k
 concr
ete,
masonr
y,met
al,
wood,
moi
stur
epr
otect
ion,
openi
ngs,
 f
ini
shes,
plumbi
ng,
HVAC,
elect
ri
cal
,andsecur
it
ysy
stems.

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/001
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OPI
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isonoft
hePl
anExpedi
ti
onandSi
te
Page7of17
Possessi
onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

1.
4St
atementoft
hepr
obl
em
Pr
ocessgr
oupsandmanagementsy
stemsar
erequi
redf
oral
lpr
ojectconst
ruct
ion
phasesi
nor
dert
ofi
nisht
hepr
ojectonschedul
e,wi
thi
nbudget
,wi
thouti
ncur
ri
ng
addi
ti
onalcost
s,andwi
thhi
gh-
qual
i
tydel
i
ver
abl
es.I
nthi
sfi
eld,anumberofst
udi
es
mustappl
ythemanagementpr
ocessgr
oupi
nvol
vedi
nthepr
oject
,anal
yzet
hepl
anned
wor
k,det
ermi
nehow muchwor
kneedst
obecompl
eted,andcompar
ethem i
nthe
pr
oject
;addi
ti
onal
l
y,t
heymustev
aluat
ethewor
kpl
anandexpedi
ti
onandt
hei
ref
fect
s
ont
hepr
ojectdel
i
ver
abi
l
ity
.Themai
nissuet
hisst
udyuncov
eredi
sthesi
gni
fi
cant
ef
fectt
hati
ncor
rectsi
tepossessi
onhadont
heFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21Of
fi
ce
Bui
l
dingPr
oject
,whi
chwasmadewor
sebypoorpr
ocessgr
oupmanagement
.Del
ays,
f
inanci
alconsequences,
andl
ogi
sti
cal
dif
fi
cul
ti
es.

1.
5Resear
chQuest
ion
 I
sthepr
ojectpl
angoi
ngaccor
dingt
opl
an?
 Whati
sther
easonbehi
ndt
hej
eopar
dizi
ngoft
hepl
an?
 Howcanwemi
ti
gat
ethi
schal
l
enge?

1.
6Obj
ect
ivesoft
heSt
udy

1.
6.1Gener
alObj
ect
ive
I
nthei
nst
anceoft
he FDARA HeadQuar
ter4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
l
dingconst
ruct
ion
pr
oject
,thest
udy
'smai
ngoali
stocompar
ethepl
anexpedi
ti
onandsi
tepossessi
oni
n
r
oadbui
l
ding.

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OF/
ECWC/
CPDi
/001
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OPI
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e: PageNo.

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isonoft
hePl
anExpedi
ti
onandSi
te
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Possessi
onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

1.
6.2Speci
fi
cObj
ect
ive

 Toi
dent
if
ypr
oper
lyt
hewor
kbasedont
hepl
an

 Toi
dent
if
ythepr
obl
em behi
ndt
hej
eopar
dizi
ngpl
anofpr
ojectwor
k

 Topr
oposeamet
hodt
osol
vet
hepr
obl
em

1.
7Ov
erv
iewoft
hePaperSt
ruct
ure
I
ngener
al,t
hispaperencompassesonl
ysi
xchapt
ers,namel
y,Chapt
er1,Chapt
er2,
Chapt
er3,
Chapt
er4,
chapt
er5,
andchapt
er6.
 Chapt
er1:-
present
sani
ntr
oduct
iont
othest
udy
;inot
herwor
ds,
thebackgr
ound
oft
hest
udy
,st
atementoft
hepr
obl
em,obj
ect
ivesoft
hest
udy
,and paper
quest
ionsr
elat
edt
othespeci
fi
cobj
ect
ivesoft
hest
udywer
edi
scussed.
 Chapt
er2:-i
sdev
otedt
orev
iewr
elat
edl
i
ter
atur
eswi
tht
hesubj
ectmat
teroft
he
st
udyandi
dent
if
icat
ionofgapsi
ncur
rentknowl
edge.
 Chapt
er3:
-thi
schapt
erdi
scussest
hemet
hodol
ogi
esusedt
oconductt
hest
udy
.
 Chapt
er4:
-resul
tsoft
hest
udy
 Chapt
er5:
-deal
swi
thdi
scussi
on.
 Chapt
er6:
-Summar
y,concl
usi
onandr
ecommendat
ion.

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OPI
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onandSi
te
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Possessi
onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

CHAPTERTWO

[Link]
TERATUREREVI
EW

2.
1Gener
al
Const
ruct
ion managementi
s a compl
ex and mul
ti
facet
ed di
sci
pli
ne t
hati
nvol
ves
v
ari
ouspr
ocessest
oensur
ethesuccessf
ulpl
anni
ng,execut
ion,andcompl
eti
onof
const
ruct
ion pr
oject
[Link] const
ruct
ion managementpr
ocess gr
oup ser
ves as a
f
ramewor
kforor
gani
zi
ngandcat
egor
izi
ngt
hekeyact
ivi
ti
esi
nvol
vedi
nconst
ruct
ion
pr
ojectmanagement
.Thi
sli
ter
atur
erev
iew ai
ms t
o expl
oret
he exi
sti
ng bodyof
knowl
edgeon t
heconst
ruct
ion managementpr
ocessgr
oup,sheddi
ng l
i
ghton i
ts
component
s,met
hodol
ogi
es,andt
heev
olv
ingt
rendsi
nthef
iel
d.(
Proj
ectManagement
I
nst
it
ute)

2.
2Pr
ojectLi
feCy
cles
Mostconst
ruct
ion pr
oject
s hav
eal
i
fe cy
cle consi
sti
ng ofconcept
ion,desi
gn,
const
ruct
ion,commi
ssi
oni
ng,andcl
oseout
.Themostcommont
ypeofconst
ruct
ion
pr
ojecti
sonet
hati
sper
for
medout
sideoft
heowner
’sor
gani
zat
ionbyacont
ract
or
company
.Thi
smeanst
hepar
ti
cipat
ingor
gani
zat
ionsgeti
ntot
hepr
ojectatdi
ff
erent
phasesandatdi
ff
erentt
[Link]
ojectl
i
fecy
clev
ari
esdependi
ngont
heper
spect
ive
t
[Link]
om t
heowner
’spoi
ntofv
iew,t
hepr
ojectl
i
fecy
clest
art
swhent
heowner
f
ormal
l
ydeci
dest
ounder
taket
hepr
oject
;fr
om t
hecont
ract
or’
sper
spect
ive,t
hel
i
fe
cy
clest
art
swhent
heydeci
det
obi
d,andmov
ingf
rom t
hebi
dphaset
othedesi
gn,
pr
ocur
ement
,and/
orconst
ruct
ionphaseoccur
sift
hecont
racti
sawar
ded.I
nmaj
or
capi
talpr
oject
s,pr
ocessest
hathav
epr
edi
cti
vel
i
fecy
clesar
eusedi
nor
dert
oreduce
r
iskandmaxi
mizet
hepr
obabi
l
ityofsuccess.(
CPDi
modul
e)
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te
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onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

These t
ime-
bound pr
ocesses ar
e known as f
ront
-end l
oadi
ng (
FEL)orpr
e-pr
oject
pl
anni
ng,
whi
chr
efer
stoper
for
mingsol
i
dpl
anni
nganddesi
gni
near
lyst
ages(
thef
ront
endoft
hepr
oject
).Thepr
ocessi
sbasedont
hepr
emi
set
hatt
heabi
l
ityt
oinf
luence
changesi
ndesi
gni
shi
gheri
near
lyst
ages,whi
l
ethecostofchangesi
ssi
gni
fi
cant
ly
l
ower
.Itaddssomet
imeandcosti
nthei
nit
ialpr
ojectphases,butt
hoseaddi
ti
onsar
e
mi
norwhencompar
edwi
tht
hei
mpactoft
imeandcostr
equi
redt
omakechangesl
ater
i
nthepr
ojectl
i
fecy
cle.(
CPDi
modul
e)

2.
3pr
ojectphase
Acol
l
ect
ionofl
ogi
cal
l
yrel
atedpr
ojectact
ivi
ti
est
hatcul
minat
esi
nthecompl
eti
onof
one ormor
e del
i
ver
abl
[Link]
oject
s may be separ
ated i
nto di
sti
nctphases or
subcomponent
[Link]
sar
egener
all
ygi
vennamest
hat
i
ndi
cat
ethet
ypeofwor
kdonei
[Link]
esofphasenamesi
ncl
udebutar
e
notl
i
mit
edt
o:(
CPDi
modul
e)
 Conceptdev
elopment
,
 Feasi
bil
i
tyst
udy
,
 Cust
omerr
equi
rement
s,
 Sol
uti
ondev
elopment
,
 Desi
gn,
 Pr
otot
ype,
 Bui
l
d,
 Test
,
 Tr
ansi
ti
on,
 Commi
ssi
oni
ng,
 Mi
l
est
oner
evi
ew,
and
 Lessonsl
ear
ned.

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Possessi
onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

2.
4ThePr
ojectManagementPr
ocessGr
oup
Theconst
ruct
ionmanagementpr
ocessgr
oupi
scommonl
yconcept
ual
i
zedasasetof
i
nter
rel
atedpr
ocessest
hatcol
l
ect
ivel
ycont
ri
but
etot
heef
fect
iveandef
fi
cientdel
i
ver
y
ofconst
ruct
ionpr
oject
s(Smi
th,2010)
.Thesepr
ocessesar
ety
pical
l
ycat
egor
izedi
nto
i
nit
iat
ion,pl
anni
ng,execut
ion,moni
tor
ingandcont
rol
l
ing,andcl
osi
ngphases(
Proj
ect
ManagementI
nst
it
ute,2017)
.Eachphaseencompassesspeci
fi
ctasksandact
ivi
ti
es
t
hatar
ecr
uci
alf
ort
hepr
oject
'
ssuccess.

2.
4.1ThePr
ojectPr
ocessGr
oup
I
nit
iat
ionPhase:Dur
ingt
hei
nit
iat
ionphase,
proj
ectst
akehol
der
sident
if
yanddef
inet
he
pr
oject
'sobj
ect
ivesandscope(
Winch,2014)
.Resear
cher
semphasi
zet
hei
mpor
tance
ofat
hor
oughf
easi
bil
i
tyanal
ysi
stoassesst
hepr
oject
'sv
iabi
l
ityandpot
ent
ialr
isks
(
Tur
ner&Zol
i
n,2012)
Pl
anni
ng Phase:The pl
anni
ng phase i
nvol
ves det
ail
ed pr
ojectpl
anni
ng,r
esour
ce
al
l
ocat
ion,
andschedul
edev
elopment(
Abdul
-Rahman&Wang,
2015)
.Int
egr
atedpr
oject
del
i
ver
y met
hodol
ogi
es ar
e gai
ning at
tent
ion f
or enhanci
ng col
l
abor
ati
on and
communi
cat
iondur
ingt
hepl
anni
ngphase(
Tezel
&Azi
z,2011)
.
Execut
ion Phase:Schol
ars hi
ghl
i
ghtt
he si
gni
fi
cance ofef
fect
ivel
eader
shi
p and
communi
cat
ioni
ntheexecut
ionphaset
oensur
ethatpr
ojectact
ivi
ti
esal
i
gnwi
tht
he
est
abl
i
shedpl
ans(
Cicmi
letal
.,2006)
.Leanconst
ruct
ionpr
inci
plesar
eincr
easi
ngl
y
i
ntegr
atedi
ntot
heexecut
ionphaset
oopt
imi
zepr
ojectwor
kfl
ows(
Bal
l
ard,
2000)
.
Moni
tor
ing and Cont
rol
li
ng Phase:The moni
tor
ing and cont
rol
l
ing phase i
nvol
ves
cont
inuousassessmentofpr
ojectper
for
manceandt
hei
mpl
ement
ati
onofcor
rect
ive
act
ions(
Ker
zner
,2017)
.Inf
ormat
iont
echnol
ogyt
ool
s,suchasBui
l
dingI
nfor
mat
ion
Model
i
ng(
BIM)
,ar
eexpl
oredf
orr
eal
-t
imepr
ojectmoni
tor
ing(
East
manetal
.
,2011)
.
Cl
osi
ng Phase:Cl
osi
ng a const
ruct
ion pr
ojecti
nvol
ves compl
eti
ng al
lact
ivi
ti
es,

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onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

obt
aini
ngcl
i
entappr
oval
,andensur
ingasmoot
htr
ansi
ti
ont
otheoper
ati
onalphase
(
Schwal
be,2018)
.Lessonsl
ear
nedf
rom pr
ojectcl
osur
escont
ri
but
etoor
gani
zat
ional
knowl
edgeandpr
ocessi
mpr
ovement(
Atki
nson,
1999)
.

2.
4.2Emer
gingTr
endsandFut
ureDi
rect
ions
TheCMPGi
ssubj
ectt
oconst
antev
olut
ion,dr
ivenbyt
echnol
ogi
caladv
ancement
sand
changi
ngi
ndust
[Link]
cher
shi
ghl
i
ghtt
hepot
ent
ialofar
ti
fi
ciali
ntel
l
igence
and machi
ne l
ear
ning f
or enhanced deci
sion-
maki
ng pr
ocesses i
n const
ruct
ion
management(
Lu etal
.
,2020)
.Addi
ti
onal
l
y,t
he r
isi
ng i
mpor
tance ofsust
ainabl
e
pr
act
icesi
sinf
luenci
ngt
hei
ntegr
ati
onofgr
eenconst
ruct
ionpr
inci
plesi
ntoCMPG,
al
i
gni
ngpr
oject
swi
thenv
ironment
alconsi
der
ati
ons(
Wal
keretal
.
,2019)
.

2.
5Technol
ogi
cal
Int
egr
ati
oni
nCMPG
Technol
ogi
cali
ntegr
ati
on,par
ti
cul
arl
ywi
thBI
M,i
sreshapi
nghowconst
ruct
ionpr
oject
s
ar
emanagedandexecut
ed(
Tezel&Azi
z,2011)
.BI
Mfaci
l
itat
escol
l
abor
ati
vepl
anni
ng,
desi
gn,
andconst
ruct
ionpr
ocesses,
promot
ingef
fi
ciencyandr
educi
nger
ror
s(East
man
etal
.,
2011)
.

2.
6LeanConst
ruct
ionPr
inci
ples
Theexecut
ion phasei
swi
tnessi
ng t
hei
ntegr
ati
on ofl
ean const
ruct
ion pr
inci
ples,
f
ocusi
ngonmi
nimi
zi
ngwast
eandmaxi
mizi
ngv
alue(
Bal
l
ard,2000)
.Leanconst
ruct
ion
emphasi
zescont
inuousi
mpr
ovementandef
fi
ciencyt
hroughoutt
hepr
ojectl
i
fecy
cle.

2.
7Pr
ojectManagementPr
ocesses
Asy
stemat
icser
iesofact
ivi
ti
esdi
rect
edt
owar
dcausi
nganendr
esul
twher
eoneor
mor
einput
swi
l
lbeact
edupont
ocr
eat
eoneormor
eout
put
[Link]
ojectl
i
fecy
clei
s
managedbyexecut
ingaser
iesofpr
ojectmanagementact
ivi
ti
esknownaspr
oject
managementpr
[Link]
erypr
ojectmanagementpr
ocesspr
oducesoneormor
e

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te
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Possessi
onofFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

out
put
sfr
om oneormor
einput
sbyusi
ngappr
opr
iat
epr
ojectmanagementt
ool
sand
t
echni
[Link]
ocessesmaycont
ainov
erl
appi
ngact
ivi
ti
est
hatoccurt
hroughoutt
he
pr
oject
.Accor
dingt
oPMBOK,
ther
ear
e49pr
ocessmanagementpr
[Link]
put
ofonepr
ocessgener
all
yresul
tsi
nei
ther
:(t
rai
ningmodul
e)
 Ani
nputt
oanot
herpr
ocessor
 Adel
i
ver
abl
eoft
hepr
ojectorpr
ojectphase
I
nconcl
usi
on,t
hisdet
ail
edl
i
ter
atur
erev
iew pr
ovi
desanuancedunder
standi
ngoft
he
Const
ruct
ionManagementPr
ocessGr
oup,
cov
eri
ngi
tskeycomponent
s,met
hodol
ogi
es,
and emer
ging t
[Link] a dy
nami
cfi
eld,CMPG cont
inues t
o ev
olv
e,dr
iven by
t
echnol
ogi
cali
nnov
ati
ons,sust
ainabi
l
ityi
mper
ati
ves,andt
heneedf
oref
fect
ivepr
oject
management i
n a compl
ex gl
oball
[Link]
ng r
esear
ch and pr
act
ical
appl
i
cat
ionswi
l
lshapet
hef
utur
eofCMPG,ensur
ing i
tscont
inued r
elev
anceand
ef
fect
ivenessi
ntheconst
ruct
ioni
ndust
ry.

2.
8Ident
if
icat
ionofGapsi
ncur
rentknowl
edge
Fi
ndi
ng t
hegapsi
nthepr
esentunder
standi
ng ofcommuni
cat
ion managementi
n
const
ruct
ionpr
oject
siscr
uci
alf
ordi
rect
ingt
hef
ocusoff
utur
eresear
chpaper
sand
t
ackl
i
ngcer
tai
nar
easwi
thl
owcompr
ehensi
[Link]
oll
owi
ngar
easoft
heFDARAHead
Quat
er4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
l
dingpr
ojectmayhav
egapst
hatneedt
obei
nvest
igat
ed
f
urt
her
:leader
shi
p and communi
cat
ion t
hroughoutexecut
ion,r
iskassessmentand
f
easi
bil
i
tyst
udi
es,
lessonl
ear
ned,
andcont
inuousi
mpr
ovement
.

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ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

CHAPTERTHREE

METHODOLOGY

3.
1Expl
anat
ionoft
heResear
chDesi
gn
I
nor
dert
oful
l
ycompr
ehendt
hei
ntr
icaci
esoft
heconst
ruct
ionmanagementpr
ocess
wi
thi
nthe par
ti
cul
arcont
extofr
oad const
ruct
ion,t
he st
udyut
il
ized a qual
i
tat
ive
r
esear
chdesi
[Link]
vat
ions,f
ocusgr
oups,i
nter
views,anddocumentanal
ysi
sar
eal
l
par
toft
hequal
i
tat
ivemet
[Link]
thr
egar
dtot
heFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21Of
fi
ce
Bui
l
dingConst
ruct
ionPr
oject
,thest
udyai
medt
oinv
est
igat
eandanal
yzet
hel
i
ved
exper
iencesofi
mpor
tantst
akehol
der
s,consul
tant
s,and pr
ojectmanager
s,among
ot
herper
ti
nentpar
ti
[Link]
der
epr
esent
ati
onofopi
nionswasensur
edbyt
heuseof
pur
posi
vesampl
i
ng,whi
chi
nvol
vedsel
ect
ingpar
ti
cipant
sbasedont
hei
rexper
iences
andr
oles.I
nter
viewst
hatwer
esemi
-st
ruct
uredandi
n-dept
hwer
eusedasadat
a
col
l
ect
ingst
rat
egyt
ogetpar
ti
cipant
s'opi
nionsandexper
iencesaboutt
hemanagement
pr
ocedur
esusedont
hebui
l
dingpr
oject
.
Addi
ti
onal
l
y,empl
oyedi
sanobser
vat
ionalqual
i
tat
iver
esear
chdesi
gnt
hatf
ocuses
i
ntent
ly on i
nthe cont
extoft
he FDARA Head Quar
ter4B+G+21 Of
fi
ce Bui
ding
Const
ruct
ionPr
oject
,bywat
chi
ngandr
ecor
dingact
uali
nter
act
ions,behav
ior
s,and
env
ironment
[Link]
evi
ewofper
ti
nentpr
oject
-r
elat
edpr
ocessgr
oupsanddocument
swas
al
so conduct
ed usi
ng documentanal
ysi
[Link] acqui
red dat
a was subj
ect
ed t
oa
t
hor
ought
hemat
icanal
ysi
sandongoi
ngcompar
isoni
nor
dert
ofi
ndt
rendsandt
hemes
per
tai
ning t
o di
ff
icul
ti
es encount
ered dur
ing t
he pr
oject
,achi
evement
s made,and
gener
alf
eat
uresoft
heconst
ruct
ionpr
[Link]
hics,get
ti
ngpar
ti
cipant
s'i
nfor
med
consent
,andpr
otect
ingt
hepr
ivacyandi
dent
it
yoft
hei
rcont
ri
but
ionswer
egi
vent
op

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ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

pr
ior
it
yint
hisr
esear
[Link]
inalconcl
usi
ons,whi
chhadt
hei
rbasi
sint
hequal
i
tat
ive
dat
a,of
fer
eddeepi
nsi
ght
sint
othecompl
exnat
ureofcommuni
cat
ioni
nthecont
extof
Const
ruct
ionpr
ojectonFDARAHeadQuar
ter4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
l
dingpr
oject
.

3.
2Par
ti
cipant
s
Pr
ojectmanager
s,consul
tant
s,engi
neer
ingt
eam l
eader
s,wor
kexecut
iont
eam l
eader
s,
andpr
ojectt
eam member
sar
ethepar
ti
cipant
sorsubj
ect
soft
het
echni
queusedi
nthi
s
st
udyar
ti
cle.

3.
3Dat
aCol
lect
ionPr
ocedur
es
Def
ini
ti
onoft
hegoal
sandi
nqui
ri
esmar
kst
hest
artoft
her
esear
[Link]
i
gnmentwi
tht
he
obj
ect
ivesoft
hest
udydet
ermi
neswhi
chqual
i
tat
iver
esear
chdesi
gni
sbest
.Theyar
e
t
hensel
ect
edbasedont
hei
rcapaci
tyt
oof
feri
nsi
ght
fulandper
ti
nenti
nfor
mat
ion.
I
nter
views,f
ocusgr
oups,obser
vat
ions,andt
heexami
nat
ionofpr
ojectdocument
sar
e
some oft
he t
echni
ques used f
orgat
her
ing dat
[Link]
stency
,checkl
i
stsf
or
obser
vat
ions,f
ocusgr
oups,andi
nter
view gui
desar
ecr
eat
ed.I
tispossi
blet
orecor
d
par
ti
cipant obser
vat
ions,comment
s,and i
mpor
tant i
nfor
mat
ion usi
ng an audi
o
r
ecor
ding dev
ice wi
th per
missi
[Link]
mit
y,conf
ident
ial
i
ty,and compl
i
ance wi
th
et
hicalnor
msandr
ulesar
eal
limpor
tantet
hicalconsi
der
ati
[Link]
estmet
hodsand
i
nst
rument
sforgat
her
ingdat
a,api
l
otst
udyi
scar
ri
edout
.Basedoncomment
sand
obser
vat
ions,
anynecessar
ymodi
fi
cat
ionsar
eper
for
[Link]
indpat
ter
ns,
themes,
and
ot
heri
nfor
mat
ion,dat
a or
gani
zat
ion and i
nter
pret
ati
on ar
e [Link]
edge.
Empl
oyi
ngdi
ff
erentdat
asour
cesormet
hodol
ogi
esi
mpr
ovesv
ali
dit
yandr
eli
abi
l
ity
.In
or
dert
over
if
yint
erpr
etat
ionsandguar
ant
eecor
rect
ness,par
ti
cipant
sar
einf
ormedof
t
hef
indi
ngs.

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ldi
ngPr
oject

CHAPTERFOUR

RESULTS

4.
1Pr
esent
ati
onofFi
ndi
ngs
Ani
mpl
ement
edpl
anandsi
tepossessi
onar
econspi
cuousl
yabsentf
rom t
hedat
a
gat
her
edf
rom t
hepr
ojectr
evi
[Link]
ojecti
snotpr
oceedi
ngaccor
dingt
othepr
oject
pl
an;i
nst
ead,i
tispr
oceedi
ngbyhal
ti
ngandr
est
art
ingbecauseofapl
ant
hatput
siti
n
j
eopar
[Link]
ember24,2020,t
hecont
ract
orandt
hecl
i
entsi
gnedt
hecont
ract
.
Howev
er,i
t'
suncl
earwhent
hepr
ojectwi
l
lbecompl
[Link]
tepossessi
oni
sther
eason
t
hispr
ojectpl
ani
sinj
eopar
dy.
Thef
oll
owi
ngi
mpact
sofsi
tepossessi
ondel
ayswer
edet
ermi
nedf
rom t
heFDARA
HeadQuat
er4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
l
dingpr
ojectcasest
udyanal
yses:
 Chal
l
engesduet
ologi
sti
cs
 Ther
ight
-ofwayi
ssuei
sav
erydi
ff
icul
tissuef
ort
hispr
oject
.
 Costov
err
un
 mat
eri
alst
orage(
mai
nlyRei
nfor
cement
sAndCement
)

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te
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ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

4.
2UseofTabl
es
Tabl
e4.
[Link]
ali
nfor
mat
ionoft
hepr
ojectobt
ainedf
rom documentanal
ysi
s
Pr
ojectName FDARA4B+G+21HeadQuar
ter
Off
iceBuil
dingProj
ect
Dat
eofCont
ractSi
gned September24,2020

CommencementDat
e Nov
ember03,
2020

Or
igi
nalDat
eOfCompl
eti
on Nov
ember03,
2024

Or
igi
nalDur
ati
on(
Cal
endarDay
s) 1461Day
s

Pr
ojectSt
atus Ongoi
ng

Rev
isedDat
eofcompl
eti
on Januar
y27,
2025

Tot
alFl
oorAr
ea(
m2) 36,
554m2

Tot
alGr
eenAr
ea 550m2

Or
igi
nalpr
ojectcost 1,
649,
471,
613.
96ETB

Act
ual
/Cur
rentPr
ojectCost
s 3,
127,
491,
214.
16ETB

TotalPerformancei
ncl
udi
ngROW 76%
sections(%)
Omi tinpercent(
%) 24%oft
heor
igi
nal
proj
ectcost

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ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

CHAPTERFI
VE

DI
SCUSSI
ON

5.
1Int
erpr
etat
ionofResul
ts
Theanal
ysi
soft
hei
nfor
mat
iongat
her
edf
rom t
hepr
ojectassessmentpoi
ntst
oser
ious
pr
obl
emswi
th bot
h pr
ojectsi
tepossessi
on and pl
an execut
[Link]
ding t
othe
assessment
,ther
ehav
ebeendev
iat
ionsf
rom t
hepr
ojectpl
an'
simpl
ement
ati
on,whi
ch
hav
e caused del
ays and a st
op-
and-
go pr
ogr
ess pat
ter
n.A pot
ent
ial
l
ydanger
ous
schemei
sthecauseoft
hiscont
radi
cti
on.
Fort
hepr
ojectcompl
eti
on,t
hecl
i
entandcont
ract
orsi
gnedacont
ractagr
eementon
Sept
ember24,[Link]
hei
nfor
mat
ionshowst
hatwedon'
treal
l
yknowhowl
ongt
he
pr
ojectwi
l
ltaket
ocompl
[Link]
obl
emswi
thsi
tepossessi
onar
ethe
mai
nfact
orsendanger
ingt
hepr
ojectpl
an.
Dur
ingAl
toget
her
,theev
aluat
ion'
sconcl
usi
onsshowadi
ff
erencebet
weent
hepr
oject
's
act
ualandpl
annedi
mpl
ement
ati
on,wi
thsi
tepossessi
on'
sambi
gui
tyanddi
ff
icul
ti
es
ser
vingast
hemai
nroadbl
[Link]
ethepr
ojecti
scompl
etedsuccessf
ull
yandon
schedul
e,st
akehol
der
smustaddr
essandcor
rectt
hei
ssueswi
tht
hisi
nfor
mat
ion.

5.
[Link]
isonwi
thExi
sti
ngLi
ter
atur
e

5.
2.1Execut
ionI
ssuesi
nPr
ojectEv
aluat
ion
 Thepr
ojectev
aluat
ioni
dent
if
iedsi
gni
fi
canti
ssueswi
tht
heexecut
ionoft
he
pr
ojectpl
anandpossessi
onoft
hepr
ojectsi
te,
leadi
ngt
odi
srupt
ionsandast
op-
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OF/
ECWC/
CPDi
/001
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OPI
ANCONSTRUCTI
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hePl
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te
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ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

and-
gopat
ter
ninpr
ojectpr
ogr
ess.
 Thi
s al
i
gns wi
th t
he l
i
ter
atur
e's emphasi
s on ef
fect
ive l
eader
shi
p and
communi
cat
ioni
ntheexecut
ionphaset
oensur
ethatpr
ojectact
ivi
ti
esal
i
gnwi
th
est
abl
i
shed pl
[Link] i
ntegr
ati
on ofl
ean const
ruct
ion pr
inci
ples i
s al
so
hi
ghl
i
ght
edf
oropt
imi
zi
ngpr
ojectwor
kfl
owsdur
ingexecut
ion.

5.
2.2 Ti
me-
BoundPr
ocessesandFr
ont
-EndLoadi
ng(
FEL)
 Thel
i
ter
atur
eemphasi
zest
hei
mpor
tanceoff
ront
-endl
oadi
ng(
FEL)orpr
e-
pr
ojectpl
anni
ng,whi
chi
nvol
vessol
i
dpl
anni
nganddesi
gni
ntheear
lyst
agesof
t
hepr
oject
.
 Pr
ojectev
aluat
ionunder
li
nest
hatdi
srupt
ionsi
nthepr
ojectpl
anar
eat
tr
ibut
edt
o
t
heabsenceori
ssuesr
elat
edt
osi
tepossessi
on,i
ndi
cat
ingapot
ent
iall
ackof
r
obustpl
anni
ngi
nthei
nit
iat
ionandpl
anni
ngphases.

5.
2.3Pr
ojectLi
feCy
clesandPr
ojectPhases
 Thel
i
ter
atur
eout
li
nest
het
ypi
call
i
fecy
cleofconst
ruct
ionpr
oject
s,i
ncl
udi
ng
concept
ion,
desi
gn,
const
ruct
ion,
commi
ssi
oni
ng,
andcl
oseout
.
 Pr
ojectev
aluat
ion under
scor
es a di
scr
epancy bet
ween pl
anned and act
ual
execut
ion, wi
th t
he pr
imar
y obst
acl
e bei
ng uncer
tai
nty and chal
l
enges
sur
roundi
ngsi
tepossessi
[Link]
sal
i
gnswi
tht
heconceptt
hatpr
ojectl
i
fecy
cles
mayst
artatdi
ff
erentphasesf
orowner
sandcont
ract
ors.

5.
2.4Pr
ojectManagementPr
ocessGr
oup(
PMPG)
 The l
i
ter
atur
e concept
ual
i
zes t
he CMPG as a setofi
nter
rel
ated pr
ocesses
cat
egor
izedi
ntoi
nit
iat
ion,pl
anni
ng,execut
ion,moni
tor
ingandcont
rol
l
ing,and
cl
osi
ngphases.
 Pr
ojectev
aluat
ioni
ndi
rect
lysuppor
tst
hisf
ramewor
kbyhi
ghl
i
ght
ingi
ssuesi
n

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te
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ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

pr
ojectexecut
ion,
whi
chcoul
dber
elat
edt
odef
ici
enci
esi
nini
ti
ati
on,
planni
ng,
or
execut
ionphases.

5.
3Impl
icat
ionoft
heFi
ndi
ngs
 Pr
ojectDel
ays:The absence ofan execut
ed pl
an and i
ssues wi
th si
te
possessi
onsuggestt
hatt
hepr
ojecti
snotpr
ogr
essi
ngasschedul
ed.
 Fi
nanci
alI
mpact
:Pr
ojectdel
aysof
tenr
esul
tini
ncr
easedcost
[Link]
ongera
pr
ojectt
akest
ocompl
ete,
themor
eresour
ces,
labor
,andmat
eri
alsar
erequi
red.
Thi
scanl
eadt
ofi
nanci
alst
rai
nonbot
hthecl
i
entandt
hecont
ract
or,
pot
ent
ial
l
y
ex
ceedi
ngt
hei
nit
ial
l
ybudget
edamount
.
 Cont
ract
ualI
ssues:Theuncer
tai
ntyr
egar
dingt
hepr
ojectcompl
eti
on.
 Reput
ati
onDamage:Pr
ojectdel
aysandi
ssueswi
thexecut
ioncanhar
mthe
r
eput
ati
on ofbot
hthe cl
i
entand t
he cont
ract
[Link]
akehol
der
s,i
ncl
udi
ng
i
nvest
ors,f
utur
ecl
i
ent
s,andi
ndust
rypeer
s,mayv
iew t
hei
nabi
l
ityt
oadher
eto
pr
ojectt
imel
i
nesasal
ackofcompet
enceorr
eli
abi
l
ity
.
 Oper
ati
onalDi
srupt
ions:Thest
op-
and-
gopat
ter
ninpr
ojectpr
ogr
esscanl
eadt
o
oper
ati
onal
disr
upt
ionsf
oral
lpar
ti
esi
nvol
ved.
 Needf
orRemedi
alAct
ions:Thepr
ojectev
aluat
ionunder
scor
est
heneedf
or
i
mmedi
ater
emedi
alact
ionst
oaddr
esst
hei
ssuesr
elat
edt
othepr
ojectpl
anand
si
tepossessi
on.

5.
4Li
mit
ati
onsoft
heSt
udy
FDARA4B+G+21HeadQuar
terOf
fi
ceBui
l
dingPr
ojecti
stheexcl
usi
vesubj
ectoft
his
r
esear
ch ar
ti
cle,despi
tet
he f
actt
hatconst
ruct
ion managementpr
ocess gr
oup
pr
act
iceshav
eani
mpactonal
lpr
oject
s.

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ter4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

CHAPTERSI
X

SUMMARY,
CONCLUSI
ONANDRECOMMENDATI
ON

6.
1Summar
yofkeypoi
nts

6.
1.1AbsenceofExecut
edPl
anandSi
tePossessi
on
KeyPoi
nts:Thepr
ojectev
aluat
ioni
dent
if
iesasi
gni
fi
cantabsenceofanexecut
edpl
an
andsi
tepossessi
[Link]
operpr
ojectpl
anhasl
edt
odi
srupt
ions,wi
th
t
hepr
ojecti
nter
mit
tent
lyst
oppi
ngandcont
inui
[Link]
tepossessi
on,acr
uci
alaspectof
pr
ojectexecut
ion,
appear
stobeamaj
orobst
acl
e.

6.
1.2Jeopar
dizedPr
ojectPl
anExecut
ion
Key Poi
nts:The pr
ojectpl
an i
s compr
omi
sed,r
esul
ti
ng i
n di
srupt
ions t
othe
const
ruct
ionpr
[Link]
ackofacl
eart
imel
i
nef
orpr
ojectcompl
eti
oni
sindi
cat
iveof
t
hepl
an'
sjeopar
dizedst
ate,
andt
hepr
oject
'
spr
ogr
essi
snegat
ivel
yimpact
ed.

6.
1.3Cont
ractAgr
eementandPr
ojectTi
mel
ine
KeyPoi
nts:Acont
ractagr
eementwassi
gnedbet
weent
hecl
i
entandcont
ract
oron
Sept
ember24,2020,out
li
ningapr
ojectt
imel
i
neof1461day
[Link]
er,t
heact
ual
pr
ogr
essandcompl
eti
ont
imer
emai
nunknown,
suggest
ingadev
iat
ionf
rom t
hei
nit
ial
l
y
agr
eed-
upont
imel
i
ne.

6.
1.4Unspeci
fi
edTi
mef
ramef
orPr
ojectCompl
eti
on
KeyPoi
nts:Despi
tet
hei
nit
ialpr
ojectt
imel
i
nesetat1461day
s,t
hedat
arev
eal
san
unknownt
imef
ramef
orcompl
eti
ngt
hepr
oject
.Thi
slackofcl
ari
tyr
aisesconcer
ns
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fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

aboutpr
ojectdel
i
ver
yandadher
encet
ocont
ract
ual
agr
eement
s.

6.
1.4RootCause:Si
tePossessi
onChal
lenges
KeyPoi
nts:Thepr
imar
yreasonbehi
ndt
hej
eopar
dizi
ngoft
hepr
ojectpl
ani
sident
if
ied
assi
tepossessi
onchal
l
[Link]
operpossessi
onoft
heconst
ruct
ion
si
te hi
nder
sthe seaml
ess execut
ion oft
he pr
ojectpl
an,l
eadi
ng t
o del
ays and
di
srupt
ions.

6.
2Recommendat
ion
Ther
esul
tsoft
hest
udydemonst
rat
edt
heef
fectofcompar
isonofpl
anexpedi
ti
onand
si
tepossessi
ononpr
ojectsuccessi
nthecaseoft
heFDARAHeadQuat
er4B+G+21
Of
fi
ceBui
l
dingpr
oject
.Thef
oll
owi
ngr
ecommendat
ionswer
epr
oposedt
otheFDARA
HeadQuat
er4B+G+21Of
fi
ceBui
l
dingpr
ojectmanagementst
aff
:
 I
mmedi
ateResol
uti
onofSi
tePossessi
onI
ssues
 Compr
ehensi
veRev
iewandRev
isi
onofPr
ojectPl
an
 Tr
anspar
entCommuni
cat
iononPr
ojectTi
mel
i
nes
 Cont
ractAgr
eementAmendmentandCl
ari
ty
 I
mpl
ement
ati
onofPr
ojectMoni
tor
ingandCont
rol
Mechani
sms
 Tr
aini
ngandSki
l
lEnhancementf
orPr
ojectPer
sonnel

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ter4B+G+21
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fi
ceBui
ldi
ngPr
oject

6.
3Ov
eral
lconcl
usi
on
I
nconcl
usi
on,t
hepr
ojectr
evi
ew r
eveal
sser
iousf
lawsi
nthewayt
hebui
l
dingpr
oject
wascar
ri
edout
.Thel
ackofawel
l
-thought
-outandi
mpl
ement
edpl
an,al
ongwi
th
di
ff
icul
ti
esobt
aini
ngsi
teowner
shi
p,hasl
edt
oadi
sor
gani
zedpr
ojectenv
ironment
mar
kedbynumer
ousst
opsandst
art
[Link]
,si
gnedonSept
ember24,2020,cal
l
ed
f
ort
hepr
ojectt
obef
ini
shedi
n1461day
s,buti
t'
suncl
earhow l
ongt
hatwi
l
lact
ual
l
y
t
[Link]
esol
vedsi
tepossessi
onconcer
nsar
ethecor
eoft
hepr
ojectpl
ant
hati
sin
j
eopar
dy,si
ncet
heyhav
eacascadi
ngi
mpactt
hatpr
event
sthepr
ojectf
rom bei
ng
execut
edsmoot
hly
.Al
loft
hesedat
apoi
ntt
oapr
ojectt
hatmayhav
epr
otr
act
eddel
ays,
hi
gherexpenses,andper
hapscont
ract
ualdi
ff
icul
ti
es.I
tisessent
ialt
otakei
mmedi
ate
act
iont
oresol
vesi
tepossessi
oni
ssues,
car
eful
l
yexami
ne,
andcor
rectt
hepr
oject
.

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ldi
ngPr
oject

REFERENCES
[
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