GEC 9 MODULE FOR FINAL EXAMINATION
Rizal’s Annotation of ANTONIO DE MORGA’S “SUCCESOS DE LAS ISLAS DE FILIPINAS”
•Jose Rizal’s annotation of Antonio Morga’s work, Sucesos de la Islas Filipinas, was an attempt to
readdress this biased view of the Filipinos.
•Explains the political, social and economic aspects of a colonizer and the colonized country.
•The book is based on the experience and observation of Antonio De Morga
•Annotated by Jose Rizal with a prologue by Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt
The following were Rizal’s considerations in choosing the "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas"
1. Morga’s work in its original Spanish edition was rare
2. It was considered a primary source of history.
3. It was more sympathetic and not biased and not racist.
Important events in the novel NOLI ME TANGERE:
1. Ibarra resolve to forgo the sad things that happened to his family particularly to his father, by
establishing a school in his native town.
2. The reason of Ibarra’s imprisonment was, He was accused to be the instigator/reason of the uprising
among the Civil Guards.
3. When Ibarra’s father died, his body was dug out or exhumed from the ground because according to the
friars he was “heretic.”
4. Maria Clara entered the nunnery (madre), when she learned or thought that Ibarra died in the lake.
Ibarra does have conflict with Padre Damaso because Damaso:
a. ordered the exhumation of his father’s remain from the Catholic cemetery.
b. he and the other friar did bad things in San Diego
c. insulted him in the luncheon party.
Important events in the novel EL FILIBUSTERISMO:
1. Simoun brought a lamp which is explosive in order to execute his plan on the wedding of Paulita
Gomez and Juanito Pelaez.
2. Later in the novel, the plan of Simoun was discovered, so he seek refuge and hid in the house of
PDRE FLORENTINO, where he confessed all his sins until he died.
3. Simoun heard about his near arrest, he killed himself through poisoning.
NOLI ME TANGERE CHARACTERS:
1. Ibarra- He represented Rizal’s epitome of a philosopher. The educated one.
2. Don Rafael- the father of Crisostomo Ibarra
3. Maria Clara- represents a woman who is educated, modest, and conservative. The lover of Ibarra.
4. Kapitan Tiago- known was the father of Maria Clara. He is known to be a passive leader.
5. Dona Victorina- “the social climber”
6. Sisa- married a gambler named Pedro. She became insane finding two sons.
7. Crispin- the youngest son of Sisa who was killed
8. Elias- the rebel in the novel
9. Basilio- the older son of Sisa
10. Padre Damaso- an abusive Spanish friar in San Diego for 20 years. The real father of Maria Clara.
EL FILIBUSTERISMO CHARACTERS:
1. Simoun- disguised as a wealthy jeweler. Who plans to do a rebellion against the church and the
Spaniards.
2. Isagani- a poet and a friend of Basilio. The lover of Juli.
3. Basilio- a medicine student he was adopted by Kapitan Tiago.
4. Kabesang Tales- a farmer who was a victim by the abuses of the friars and later joined Simoun.
5. Paulita Gomez- she was the former girlfriend of Isagani who later dumped him.
6. Juanito Pelaez- married Paulita Gomez.
7. Juli- daughter of Kabesang Tales. She took her own life because she values her honor and dignity
8. Padre Florentino- godfather of Isagani and a good Filipino priest, who helped Simoun when a was
hiding.
NATIONAL HERO AND NATIONAL SYMBOLS:
1. According to Ambeth Ocampo, BAYANI a person who do something great, not for oneself but for a
greater good, for community or nation.
2. Also, according to him, BAYANI HAS A DEEPER MEANING THAN HERO.
3. It was also stated the PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS of person is NOT a criteria for recognizing a
hero.
NATIONAL SYMBOLS:
1. Pearl- Through Proclamation No. 615, it was hailed as the Philippines’ National Gem.
2. Sampaguita- Through Proclamation No. 652, it was named as the country’s national flower
3. Narra- Through Proclamation No. 652, it was named as the country’s national tree
4. Jose Rizal- national hero
Note:
Although we recognized some national symbols like CARABAO, MANGGA, ANAHAW and BANGUS
they have NOT BEEN OFFICIALY PROCLAIMED NOR LAWS as national symbols.