PUMP REPAIR 37

[Link] The inside of bearing housings should be cleaned with a non-abrasive cleaner. To prevent
contamination, sand or bead blasting should not be used.

[Link] Excessive paint on the outside of the bearing housing should be removed to improve the cooling
efficiency of the bearing housing.

[Link] Cooling coils, cartridges, or water jacketed bearing housings should be cleaned by using a solution
that dissolves the buildup without damaging the assembly.

[Link] Inspect bearing housing assemblies and components in accordance with 10.5.

Remove any shaft driven oil pumps and visually inspect pump and coupling and replace as necessary.
Confirm pump turns freely.

Mechanical Seals

[Link] Mechanical seals should be removed and returned to the owner’s selected seal vendor for analysis
and refurbishment. If possible, allow the seal repair vendor to clean the seal to preserve any possible failure
evidence. Safety datasheet information should be supplied with seal to be refurbished.

[Link] Refer to 10.6.2 for seal inspection and repair.

Refer to 5.7 for inspection and repairs for the auxiliary systems, seal systems, lube oil systems, and
cooling water systems.

Pumps with proximity probes should have the location of the proximity probes identified on the shaft
using a non-permanent marker to properly locate the burnished area. The burnished areas of the pump shaft
should be protected during disassembly with material such as non-adhesive vinyl tape.

9.2 Cleaning Methods and Precautions

Protect all critical areas such as journals, seal areas, burnished areas (probe targets), thermal gaps,
rotating labyrinths, shaft ends, thin blades, nonmetallic wearing components, and coupling surfaces during
cleaning.

The repair shop should clean the components to remove dirt, rust, and other foreign material using a
procedure appropriate for the NDT methods to be used.

[Link] If abrasive cleaning is used, the abrasives should be a light abrasive such as glass beads that
remove/clean the dirt, rust, or foreign substances from the surface without a dimensional change to the surface
of the base component. ASTM E165/E165M gives typical cleaning methods and precautions that are suitable
for PT and may be suitable for other NDT methods.

[Link] Protective coatings, used to prevent erosion or corrosion or for performance enhancement, should
be cleaned with a non-abrasive media to prevent coating damage. The coating should not be removed for base
metal inspection without owner approval. If coatings or foreign material are removed from the component,
caution should be used during abrasive cleaning to prevent component damage.

Clean and dry lube oil, oil mist, and seal piping and tubing in a manner that removes all contaminants
and foreign material. After cleaning and inspection, cover any open ends to prevent contamination.

10 Shop Inspection of Disassembled Pump, Components, and Casing

10.1 General

In addition to the recommendations of this RP, the scope of pump inspection and repair should be
defined by the owner’s performance expectations such as hydraulic performance, vibration criteria, and

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material performance. The inspections of the pump or auxiliary components including visual, dimensional, and
other inspections should be sufficient to adequately evaluate the condition of the pump or auxiliary
components. Therefore, while typical inspections are indicated in this RP, other inspections may be deemed
necessary by the owner or the repair shop to ensure proper evaluation and repair. The RSWS developed in
Section 5 should be completed during this section.

This section covers the proper inspection methods for the pump, pressure casing, assembled rotor (as
appropriate), rotor components, and other components for all the types of pumps covered in this document.

The repair shop should record all visual and dimensional inspections on owner-approved forms.

Refer to the instruction manuals and cross-sectional drawings to become familiar with the components,
how they fit together, and their function.

Recommended dimensional inspections along with resultant fits and clearances are identified in
Annex W. OEM values for this information should be used. If OEM information is not available, values in
Annex W should be used.

NOTE 1 The existing component’s fits and clearances may not be as originally designed by the OEM, because rerates
and/or upgrades may have been incorporated into the machine design.

NOTE 2 The design clearance may be different than the API 610 clearances to improve efficiency, balance axial thrust,
provide rotor stability, or maintain desired pressures within the seal chamber.

Measure and record the following as-received data on worksheets designed for the assembly or
component. The measurement device should have graduations as follows or smaller.

a) For radial runouts, 0.0001 in. (0.002 mm).

b) For shaft fits, journals, and coupling area diameters, 0.0001 in. (0.002 mm).

c) For diameters other than Item b), 0.001 in. (0.01 mm).

d) For axial stack-up locations, 0.001 in. (0.01 mm).

e) For axial runouts, 0.0005 in. (0.01 mm).

f) For axial runouts of shaft shoulders, thrust collar faces, and coupling flanges, 0.0001 in. (0.002 mm).

NOTE The values in 10.1.6 a) through f) are not unit conversions. Instead, they show graduations for commercially
available instruments.

[Link] If the component being measured is not defined in 10.6.1, the measuring device should have
graduations not larger than 1/10th of the tolerance of the measured parameter.

[Link] The measuring device should have current calibration and be in good working order. At the owner’s
request, the vendor should demonstrate that all standards and tools have traceable calibration certifications.

[Link] The technician collecting measurements should be competent and be able to demonstrate
repeatability when measuring against a standard.

[Link] For consistency, measurements should be done under stable and repeatable conditions such as
temperature, orientation, and holding of the workpiece.

The result of this section is an RSWS (RSWS rev 01) based on evaluation of pressure casing, bearing
housing, bearings, assembled rotor, and rotor components inspection data. Inspections include:

a) VT including existence and extent of any coatings or overlays,

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 PUMP REPAIR 39

b) dimensional inspections,

c) NDT,

d) positive material identification (PMI).

Photograph the assembled rotor, rotor components, and stationary components before and after
cleaning. A photo log should be maintained for all work performed. Identification of all items, including
equipment number and part name, should be clearly shown on all photographs.

Photograph any unusual or abnormal conditions.

a) Take a distance photo to help in pinpointing location.

b) Zoom as tight as possible to the problem area.

c) Note on a sketch the photo locations, including a physical reference point and angular location along with
viewed direction for:

1) any erosion, corrosion damage resulting in loss or displacement of material,

2) locations of deposits,

3) position of stationary components.

 For any additional disassembly that did not occur in Section 9, take “as is” samples of any residues
and deposits without further sample contamination. If requested, return samples to the owner for laboratory
analysis. If deposits are suspected to have caused damage such as cracks or corrosion, the repair work may
be delayed until a complete analysis can be performed, at the discretion of the owner.

Visually inspect all components for:

a) cleanliness,

b) erosion damage,

c) corrosion damage,

d) damaged parts,

e) missing parts,

f) discoloration,

g) scoring,

h) cracks,

i) wear,

j) yielding,

k) fretting,

l) galling,

m) leakage,

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n) thread damage,

o) gasket surfaces and gasket condition,

p) mating surface damage,

q) jackscrew marks,

r) burrs,

s) sharp corners,

t) shear rings and groove condition,

u) previous repair evidence.

Visually inspect all visible keyways and keys for non-conformances. Refer to Annex T and AGMA
9002-B04 for more information on non-conformances. Refer to Annex W for keyway fit tolerances.

Inspect dowels, dowel holes, anti-rotation pins and slots for mushrooming, burrs, sharp corners, and
galling. Verify dowels properly fit into the dowel holes and that tapered dowels do not bottom out.

Visually inspect components to identify coating and overlays. Measure and record the depth, length,
location, and type of any coatings or overlays.

NOTE 1 Some coatings or overlays are difficult to identify.

NOTE 2 Coatings or overlays are typically applied to components that are in abrasive or corrosive services such as wear
rings bushings and sleeves.

NOTE 3 Other applications of coatings include shaft coatings at locations such as bearings fits or journals, impeller fits,
or packing areas.

NOTE 4 Use of a nonmagnetic thickness tester or solution of copper phosphate or copper sulfate can assist in locating
plating; however, this solution can be incompatible with the materials.

 NDT procedures as outlined in 10.1.21 should be used to determine the existence and location of
any indication. Record the size, location, and orientation of any indications on a sketch or appropriate form.

[Link] The type of NDT should be selected based on material of construction and suspected flaws. Prior
to NDT, residual magnetism should be measured and recorded.

a) Nonmagnetic components should be penetrant inspected (PT).

b) Ferromagnetic components should be magnetic particle inspected (MT).

c) When inspecting to ensure a void does not exist between coatings or Babbitt, UT should be completed.

d) In all cases, the component is to receive a VT.

e) Only techniques providing quantitative results should be used. Mill test reports (MTRs), material
composition certificates, visual stamps, or markings should not be considered substitutes for PMI testing
of metallic parts. OEM certification is acceptable for nonmetallic components.

[Link] Table 1 and Table 2 provide the recommended inspection methods for components that are to have
an NDT. The inspection method will depend on the component configuration and the metallurgy. Other
inspection methods may be recommended.

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 PUMP REPAIR 41

Table 1—General Components

Component NDT Method

Shaft VT, MT or PT, and UT
Shaft sleeves VT and MT or PT
Impellers VT and MT or PT or RT
Hydrodynamic journal/thrust bearings (side separation
VT, PT, and UT
and bond contact)
Thrust collar VT and MT or PT
Casing VT and MT or PT or RT
Studs VT and MT or PT
Thermal spray coating areas VT and PT
Plating areas VT and PT
Piping connections on pressure-containing component VT, MT or PT, and UT or RT
Process piping VT, MT or PT, and UT
Lubrication feed lines VT and UT (UT for thickness)
Oil drain lines VT and UT (UT for thickness)
Case drain lines VT and UT (UT for thickness)

Table 2—General Components Repaired

Component NDT Method

Babbitted bearing repairs VT, UT, and PT
Shaft plating on shaft VT and FPI
Thermal spray on shaft VT, UT, and FPI
Weld repairs
Before machining VT, MT, and UT
After welding and rough machining VT, MT, and UT
Weld quality inspection VT, MT, and UT
After PWHT VT, MT, and UT

[Link] Refer to Table 4 for maximum allowable residual free air gauss levels in components and record
the results of gauss measurements.

[Link] Original equipment inspection methods and acceptance criteria should be used as a minimum for
NDT of components if available.

Components that exhibit deterioration such as erosion, corrosion, or failures and the material is
unknown or unclear should receive a PMI inspection.

 If specified, chemistry analysis and hardness of component(s) should be determined for any identified
component.

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 42 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 697

Shaft Ends for Couplings

[Link] On shaft ends with a threaded area for the nut, the threads should be visually inspected for damage
and that the nut will properly screw onto the threads. Inspect for setscrew marks and the condition of the face
of the shaft. On nuts with left-handed threads, mark direction of tightening rotation or “LH tighten” if not
previously marked onto the nut.

[Link] On tapered shaft ends, install the hub on the shaft to a line-to-line condition and verify that there is
sufficient overhang of the hub on the shaft to accommodate the axial pull-up and verify that the retaining nut
will bottom against the hub and not the shaft.

[Link] Tapered shaft end—record minor and major diameters, keyway dimensions (as applicable), length
of taper, and percent of contact area from the contact verification check, using a ring gauge as outlined in the
procedures per API 687. The standoff dimension of the ring gauge should also be recorded.

[Link] For hydraulic fit coupling arrangements, inspect O-ring grooves for sharp edges or burrs and that
the hydraulic fluid holes are clean and the threads are in good condition.

[Link] For straight keyed shaft end, record diameter, length of fit, and keyway dimensions.

[Link] For integrally flanged shaft end, record runout (TIR) of the flange face, bolt circle diameter, bolt hole
size, pilot diameter, and whether male or female.

Rolling-element bearings were removed in 9.1.5 and should be inspected using Annex F and
Annex W and the data from 9.1.5 for bearing positioning.

Hydrodynamic bearings were removed in 9.1.6 and should be inspected using Annex H and Annex I.

The rotor or bundle may require disassembly. If heat is required for disassembly, the component
should be uniformly heated. The component should be heated to nominally 350 °F (177 °C). In no case should
a component be more than 500 °F (260 °C). Nonmetallic components may have a temperature limit less than
500 °F (260 °C), which should be verified before heating.

a) Heating components for disassembly is a critical step. Components should be heated uniformly to minimize
circumferential temperature variations that could cause permanent distortion. To prevent distortion, care
should be exercised to prevent a heat rate that is too rapid.

b) In general, the temperature gradient across an impeller should never exceed approximately 50 °F (10 °C)
during the heating process; otherwise, permanent distortion can occur.

c) The absolute temperature and temperature variation of the component should be carefully monitored using
temperature-indicating sticks or a noncontacting infrared surface temperature gun. Temperature-indicating
temperature sticks should not contain sulfur components.

d) Heating can be accomplished by using flare tip or rosebud torches. Two torches may be necessary for
large components to maintain an even temperature. Induction heaters can be also used to remove parts
with magnetic materials of construction.

e) In general, the impeller should be heated from the outside diameter (OD) to the ID.

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 PUMP REPAIR 43

Inspection Methods and Testing

[Link] General

 The repair shop should make the following data available prior to shipment and maintain it per
Section 16.

a) Necessary or specified certification of materials, such as MTRs or PMI results.

b) Test data, such as NDT results.

c) Fully identified records of all heat treatment whether performed in the normal course of manufacture or as
part of a repair procedure.

d) Results of quality control tests and inspections.

e) Details of all repairs.

 f) If specified, final assembly, maintenance, and running clearances.

g) Other data specified by the owner or required by the applicable codes and regulations.

In addition to 10.1.14, the owner may specify the following.

a) Parts that should be subjected to surface and subsurface examination.

b) Specific NDT for pumps in cyclic or hot services.

c) Specific NDT where visual examination cannot adequately determine presence of relevant indications.

d) The type of examination, such as MT, PT, RT, and UT.

Before removing protective coatings for NDT, such as coatings used to prevent erosion or
corrosion or for performance enhancement, the vendor should have authorization from the owner or the
representative.

NOTE Protective coatings limit inspection of the underlying material.

Components that will have protective coatings applied after repairs or manufacturing should be
inspected prior to coating.

The application of NDT inspection criteria to components should be performed and interpreted
by technicians qualified to the applicable NDT methods by the ASNT SNT-TC-1A guidelines to assure the
reliability of the testing performed.

Pressure-containing parts should not be painted until the specified inspection and testing of the
parts is complete.

NOTE Purchased auxiliaries typically arrive at the packager already tested and painted. The above is not intended for
such components if subsequently included in assembly testing.

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 44 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 697

[Link] Component Inspection

If RT, UT, MT, or PTs are recommended, the criteria in [Link].6 through [Link].8 should
apply unless other corresponding procedures and acceptance criteria have been specified. Cast iron should
be inspected only in accordance with [Link].8. Welds, cast steel, and wrought material should be inspected
in accordance with [Link].6 through [Link].8.

NOTE 1 RTs and UTs are not acceptable for cast iron.

NOTE 2 Items such as pitting, erosion, and corrosion may not show up as an indication using the NDT methods in this
section. Visual examination and engineering judgement is generally recommended to evaluate the acceptability of the
component. MSS SP-55 contains VT criteria for castings.

These recommended practices describe examination techniques that are applicable to great
varieties of sizes and shapes of materials and widely varying examinations. Because the specification for the
actual component being inspected depends on metallurgy, component configuration, and method of
manufacture, specific procedures and acceptance standards for the application should be covered by written
standards developed by the repair shop for the specific application.

The repair shop should review the design of the equipment and impose more stringent criteria
than the generalized limits in [Link].6 through [Link].8 if necessary.

Dispositions of indications larger than those acceptable for the applicable procedures in
[Link].6, [Link].7, and [Link].8 should be reviewed with the owner.

Refer to ASTM E1316 for standard terminology used in NDT.

Radiograph Inspections

[Link].6.1 Radiography should be in accordance with ASTM E94/E94M.

[Link].6.2 Radiography acceptance criteria are in ASTM E446, ASTM E186, and ASTM E280 based on
casting size.

Ultrasonic Inspections (UTs)

[Link].7.1 UT should be based upon the procedures ASTM A609/A609M (castings), ASTM A388/A388M
(forgings), or ASTM A578/A578M (plate) and ASME BPVC, Section V, Article 5.

[Link].7.2 Additional inspection of the base material may be specified using ASTM A516/A516M, which
has acceptance criteria. Supplemental recommendations are:

a) S-8 requires UT per ASTM A435/A435M,

b) S-11 requires UT per ASTM A577/A577M,

c) S-12 requires UT per ASTM A578/A578M.

NOTE 1 Typical specifications used for material in fabrication, e.g. ASTM A516/A516M, do not have specific default
inspection of the base material plate.

NOTE 2 ASTM A516/A516M references ASTM A220/A220M, which only calls for VT of the plate edges and allows
indications up to 1 in. length.

NOTE 3 The inspection requirements of the ASME BPVC depend on the quality factor of a casting and joint efficiency of
fabrication selected for the design or the material requirements.

[Link].7.3 Component finish prior to examination should be 250 RMS or better.

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 PUMP REPAIR 45

[Link].7.4 Ultrasonic acceptance criteria for pressure-containing stationary components are as follows.

a) Straight beam examination 15 % of standard back reflection or 50 % loss in back reflection not due to
geometry.

b) Angle beam examination indications exceeding the 75 % base level from reference notch are cause for
rejection. Indications over 40 % but not exceeding the 75 % reference level should be reported for
information only.

c) Weld-repaired pressure-containing stationary components should be inspected by the same criteria as

noted in Items a) and b).

[Link].7.5 Ultrasonic acceptance criteria for nonpressure-containing stationary components are as

follows.

a) Unless otherwise specified, discontinuities should not exceed the following limits per ASTM A609/A609M
noted below.

1) Up to 2 in. (51 mm) (including all areas to be machined regardless of thickness), Discontinuity Level 1.

2) 2 in. up to 4 in. (51 mm up to 102 mm), Discontinuity Level 2.

3) 4 in. (102 mm) and above, Discontinuity Level 3.

b) Castings identified with defects exceeding the limits in ASTM A609/A609M above should be rejected or
repaired and be re-examined by UT in accordance with this specification.

c) Weld-repaired castings should be inspected by the same criteria as noted in Item a) above

[Link].7.6 Ultrasonic acceptance criteria for rotating components are as follows.

a) A straight beam should be employed in both a longitudinal and radial direction. Back reflection technique
of calibration should be used.

b) Indications exceeding 15 % of the reference back reflection or indications resulting in a 50 % or greater

loss of back reflection are cause for rejection.

c) Weld-repaired rotating components should be inspected using both straight and shear beam transducers.
Calibration procedure and establishment of a digital-to-audio converter for inspection should utilize as a
minimum, 0.0625 in. × 0.0625 in. (1.6 mm × 1.6 mm) flat bottom notches and 0.0625 in. (1.6 mm) diameter
side drilled holes for either shear or longitudinal wave testing and for near field testing. Any discontinuity
should be evaluated in accordance with the following minimum acceptance criteria.

1) Shear Wave—Any linearly disposed discontinuity not attributable to geometry that causes an indication
equal to or greater than the response obtained from the 0.0625 in. (1.6 mm) notch at a comparable
test metal distance should be the basis for rejection.

2) Longitudinal Wave—All discontinuities not attributable to geometry that causes an indication equal to
or greater than 40 % of the response obtained from the 1/8 in. (3.2 mm) diameter flat bottomed hole at
a comparable test metal distance should be noted and recorded. Any indication equal to or greater
than 80 % of the response from a 0.125 in. (3.2 mm) diameter flat bottom hole should be the basis for
rejection.

3) Multiple discontinuities not attributable to geometry with a response of greater than 40 % response
obtained from the 0.0625 in. (1.6 mm) notch at a comparable test metal distance and separated by the
lesser of than 3 times the largest measured single discontinuity length should be considered as one
continuous discontinuity and evaluated as rejectable.

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 46 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 697

MT and PT

[Link].8.1 Wet MT should be in accordance with ASTM E709.

NOTE Generally, the dry method is not used due to the problems with arcing on finish machined surfaces.

[Link].8.2 PT should be in accordance with ASME BPVC, Section V, Article 6. Reference ASTM
E165/E165M. The sensitivity should be Level 3 per ASTM E1417/E1417M.

[Link].8.3 Generalized acceptance criteria used for MTs and PTs should be in accordance with
[Link].8.4. Original equipment acceptance criteria should be used for nondestructive examinations of
components if referenced by drawings or equipment manufacturer’s documents.

[Link].8.4 Acceptance criteria for stationary pressure-containing components are as follows.

a) For cast or wrought components, inspection and acceptance criteria should be in accordance with API 610,
unless otherwise agreed.

b) Castings should meet the minimum acceptance standards of MSS SP-55.

[Link].8.5 Acceptance criteria for stationary nonpressure-containing components are as follows.

a) Castings should meet the minimum acceptance standards of MSS SP-55.

b) All accessible surfaces should be magnetic particle inspected.

c) Any linear indication 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) or longer should be cause for further investigation.

d) End-to-end indications, i.e. in line, spaced less than 0.375 in. (9.5 mm) apart should be considered as one
indication.

e) Areas requiring further investigation can be ground to minimum casting section thickness, but not to exceed
a depth of 0.125 in. (3.2 mm), and blended to the original surface. They should then be rechecked.

f) Areas failing to meet Item e), after grinding, should be liquid penetrant inspected.

1) Linear indications 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) or longer should be rejected.

2) End-to-end indications spaced less than 0.375 in. (9.5 mm) apart should be considered one indication.

[Link].8.6 Acceptance criteria for stationary weld-repaired nonpressure-containing components are as

follows.

Acceptance criteria for critical areas on any component that has been repaired by welding should be based on
information in Items a) and b).

a) Any indication with the major dimension greater than 1/32 in. (0.8 mm) in any direction is considered
relevant and recordable.

b) Indications in 1 through 4 as defined by location are considered rejected and should be repaired or should
have an engineering review.

1) Linear indications, i.e. those having a length greater than 3 times the width, that have a length greater
than 1/16 in. (1.6 mm).

2) More than two linear indications, 1/16 in. (1.6 mm) or less in length, in any one square inch area of
weld.

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3) Rounded indication 1/8 in. (3.2 mm) or greater.

4) Four or more rounded defects, having a maximum dimension of at least 3/32 in. (2.4 mm), in a line
separated by 1/16 in. (1.6 mm) or less.

[Link].8.7 Acceptance criteria for rotating wrought components (impellers, shafts, etc.) are as follows.

Only indications with major dimensions greater than 0.03125 in. (0.79 mm) are considered relevant. The
following relevant indications cause the part to be rejected or repaired.

a) Relevant indications of cracks of any length or linear defects 0.09375 in. (2.38 mm) in length or greater.

b) Rounded indications with dimensions greater than 0.0625 in. (1.6 mm).

c) Four or more rounded indications in a line separated by 0.0625 in. (1.6 mm) or less from edge to edge.

d) Five or more indications greater than 0.03125 in. (0.79 mm) in any 6 in.2 (39 cm2) of area.

[Link].8.8 Acceptance criteria for weld-repaired rotating elements are as follows.

The following relevant indications cause the part to be rejected or repaired.

a) Indications whose major dimension is equal to or exceeds 0.0625 in. (1.6 mm) the impeller bore fit area.

b) Two or more relevant indications separated by 1/32 in. (0.8 mm) or less in the bore or labyrinth diameter.

c) Three or more relevant indications in the labyrinth-to-cover radius.

d) Three or more relevant indications in any 3 in.2 (19.4 mm2) square area in the bore or labyrinth diameter.

e) Any indication 1/32 in. (0.8 mm) in length on a finished machined corner.

f) Any indication greater than 1/16 in. (1.6 mm) in a non-critical area of the impeller bore, bore face labyrinth
seal diameter, face, or ID.

g) Any cracks or crack like indication.

[Link].8.9 Acceptance criteria for weld-repaired shafts are as follows.

Only indications with major dimensions greater than 1/32 in. (0.8 mm) should be considered relevant. The
following relevant indications cause the part to be rejected or repaired.

a) Relevant indications of cracks of any length or linear defects 3/32 in. (2.4 mm) in length or greater.

b) Rounded indications with dimensions greater than 1/16 in. (1.6 mm).

c) Four or more rounded indications in a line separated by 1/16 in. (1.6 mm) or less from edge to edge.

d) Five or more indications greater than 1/32 in. (0.8 mm) in any 6 in.2 (38.7 cm2) of area.

[Link].8.10 Acceptance criteria for thermal-spray-coated components are as follows.

The acceptance criteria for critical areas on any component that has thermal spray coating should be based
on the criteria in Table 3. Final disposition of micro porosity indications should have an engineering review.

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 48 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 697

Table 3—Indication Acceptance Criteria

Severity
Indication Type Measurement
A B C
Porosity (Note 2) Individual 0.03125 in. (0.8 mm) 0.03125 in. (0.8 mm) 0.0625 in. (1.6 mm)
Scattered porosity
Area/in.2 0.0625 in. (1.6 mm) 0.0625 in. (1.6 mm) 0.125 in. (3.2 mm)
(Notes 1 and 2)
Cracking Individual None None None
Linear 3D (L/W) >0.0625 in. (1.6 mm) >0.0625 in. (1.6 mm) >0.125 in. (3.2 mm)
Flaking N/A None None None
Lack of bond N/A None None None
Severity levels are as follows.
A—Applicable to rotating components critical areas such as any shaft diameter, impeller and thrust disk bores, or any area specified
as a high-stress location. Sealing areas on any component should be evaluated to a severity level A.
B—Applicable to rotating hardware such as sleeves and spacers, impeller labyrinth seal diameters, thrust disk ODs, or other rotating
component.
C—Applicable to any non-rotating components or any area specified as non-critical.
NOTE 1 Scattered porosity is defined as more than one pore in a 2 in. square area. Total size of the scattered porosity is determined
by adding the individual size of pore diameters.
NOTE 2 Areas of micro-porosity are classified as scattered porosity and evaluated per Table 3 criteria after two (2) additional
cleaning cycles with the measurement of the extreme outer edge of the indications evaluated as the total diameter of the area.

[Link].8.11 To prevent buildup of potential voltage in the equipment, all components should be
demagnetized to the free gauss levels in Table 4 if measured with a calibrated Hall effect probe. The free air
gauss is measured while suspending the component from a non-conductive strap with no influence from stray
magnetic fields.

Table 4—Maximum Gauss Levels

Maximum Residual
Component
Free Gauss Level
Shaft and all rotating components ±2
Bearing and seal assemblies, including all components ±2
Bearing housings (without bearing and seal assemblies) ±4
Casing and all stationary components except bearing and seal assemblies ±4
Fastener allowable residual magnetism ±4

Pressure-containing Parts

[Link].9.1 The repair shop should review the design of the equipment and propose to the owner more
stringent criteria than the generalized limits in this section, if necessary. Defects that exceed the limits imposed
in [Link].8 should be removed to meet the quality standards cited, as determined by additional MT or PT
as applicable before repair welding.

[Link].9.2 If RT, UT, MT, or PT of welds or materials is required by ASME BPVC, Section V and Section
VIII or specified, the procedures and acceptance criteria in Table 5 should apply, except as recommended by
[Link].9.4. Alternative standards may be proposed by the repair shop or owner.

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 PUMP REPAIR 49

Table 5—Materials Inspection Standards for Pressure Casings

Acceptance Criteria
Type of Inspection Methods
For Fabrications For Castings

Section VIII, Division 1,

UW-51 (for 100 % Section VIII, Division 1,
Section V, Articles 2 and
Radiography radiography) and UW-52 Appendix 7 of the
22 of the ASME BPVC
(for spot radiography) of ASME BPVC
the ASME BPVC
Section V, Articles 4, 5, Section VIII, Division 1, Section VIII, Division 1,
Ultrasonic inspection and 23 of the UW53 and Appendix 12, of Appendix 7, of the
ASME BPVC the ASME BPVC ASME BPVC
Section VIII, Division 1, Section VIII, Division 1,
Section V, Articles 7 and
Magnetic particle inspection Appendix 6 of the Appendix 7, of the
25 of the ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC ASME BPVC
Section VIII, Division 1, Section VIII, Division 1,
Section V, Articles 6 and
Liquid penetrant inspection Appendix 8 of the Appendix 7, of the
24 of the ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC ASME BPVC

[Link].9.3 The owner should be notified before making a major weld repair to a pressure-containing part.
Major weld repairs, for the purpose of owner notification only, is any defect that equals or exceeds any of the
three criteria defined below.

a) The component has leaked on hydrostatic test.

b) The depth of the cavity prepared for welding exceeds 20 % of the wall thickness or 1 in. (25.4 mm),
whichever is smaller.

c) The extent of the cavity exceeds approximately 10 in.2 (65 cm2).

[Link].9.4 All repairs to pressure-containing parts should be made to the following documents.

a) The repair of plates, prior to fabrication, should be performed in accordance with the ASTM standard to
which the plate was purchased.

b) The repair of castings or forgings should be performed prior to final machining in accordance with the
ASTM standard to which the casting or forging was purchased.

c) The repair of a fabricated pressure casing or the defect in either a weld or the base metal of a cast or
fabricated pressure casing, uncovered during preliminary or final machining, should be performed in
accordance with ASME BPVC, Section VIII.

[Link].9.5 Plate used in fabrications should be 100 % ultrasonic inspected prior to starting fabrication in
accordance with the ASTM standard to which the plate was purchased.

[Link].9.6 Cast and nodular iron should be inspected only in accordance with MT and PT methods.

[Link].9.7 Spot radiography should consist of a minimum of one 6 in. (152 mm) spot radiograph on each
pressure casing. As a minimum, one spot radiograph is required for each welding procedure and welder used
for pressure-containing welds.

[Link].9.8 For MTs, linear indications should be considered relevant only if the major dimension exceeds
0.0625 in. (1.6 mm). Individual indications that are separated by less than 0.0625 in. (1.6 mm) should be
considered continuous.

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10.2 Additional Inspection, Evaluation, and Possible Disassembly of Assembled Rotor

[9.1.4 c) and 9.1.4 e) for Volute-style Rotors]

Inspection of Assembled Rotor

[Link] BB1, volute- and diffuser-, BB2 single-stage volute-, and BB3 and BB5 volute-pump-style rotors
should be inspected as assembled rotors. Inspection of any BB3 diffuser pump rotor requires that diffusers
and impellers be removed. The rotor is then reassembled without diffusers and the shaft nut tightened to the
same position as it was prior to rotor disassembly.

[Link] Based on the inspection results, determine whether to disassemble the rotor.

[Link] A VT of the rotor and components should be completed. Inspections should include appropriate
items as listed in 10.1.

[Link] Measure and record all runouts with the shaft supported at the bearing journals on V-blocks. Refer
to the procedures in Annex E. Runouts should be measured at shaft fit areas, seal areas, bearing journals,
integral coupling hubs, and all other running clearance areas such as wear rings (if accessible). Annex W
provides recommendations for these dimensional inspections.

a) As a minimum, axial runout should be recorded for both sides of the thrust collar (or the thrust collar shaft
shoulder if the thrust collar is removed).

b) Check both ends of bearing journal area (hydrodynamic and rolling-element bearing) and sealing area
diameters for roundness and taper.

For BB3 diffuser pumps, if the rotor has excessive runout, the lock nut can be cocked or can be
too tight. Loosen the lock nut to determine if the shaft straightens and measure and record perpendicularity of
the mating components.

[Link] Identify dimensions from a distinct shaft feature such as a shaft shoulder or shaft end to the location
of the axial and radial proximity probe areas on each end of the rotor. If proximity probe areas are not easily
identified, the owner should be consulted. Afterward, the proximity probe areas should be adequately protected
from damages such as rusting or scratches.

[Link] Record axial dimensions of components from a common distinct shaft feature, such as a shaft
shoulder or shaft end. A dimensional inspection of the components assembled on the rotor should be
performed in accordance with Annex W and 10.3 as applicable for the assembled rotor. Inspection results
should be evaluated in accordance with 10.2.2. The calculation of all running clearances should be completed
and recorded.

[Link] Weigh and record the total weight of the rotor using an appropriately sized scale.

 [Link] If a previous problem indicates a possible out of balance situation, a check balance of the rotor may
be specified, using fully crowned half keys in all exposed keyways. Some rotors may require “hanging” of the
wear rings.

a) For double keyways that are equal in size and 180° apart, half keys are not required. Record amounts and
locations of imbalance.

b) Record the types of keys, configuration, locations, and the weights of all half keys and keys for keyways
that are longer than the component.

c) Prior to running the rotor in the balance machine, verify that there is no debris that could come out during
rotation.

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Evaluation of the Assembled Rotor

[Link] The repair shop should prepare an inspection documentation package (report) consisting of
information identified (as applicable) in:

a) Section 9,

b) 10.1,

c) 10.2,

d) Annex W.

[Link] Once the rotor has been inspected and the results reviewed, the results of the assembled rotor
inspection should be used to determine the work scope for the rotor and whether the rotor should be
disassembled per 10.2.3.

Some reasons for disassembly can include but are not limited to:

a) shaft damage such as fretting, cracking, journal bearing/shaft end damage;

b) impeller/flow path damage requiring removal of impeller;

c) severe corrosion/erosion;

d) overspeed of rotor where yielding of material is a concern or evident;

e) rerate requiring new components;

f) shifting of components;

g) bowed rotor due to excessive rotor runouts or impeller runouts that are out of phase;

h) balance level not repeatable in the shop or field;

i) previous operating and repair history suggests full disassembly;

j) replacement of wear parts such as wear rings, throttle, throat, and balance bushing if there are indications
of excessive rubbing or other damage.

[Link] If the rotor does not require disassembly, the pump work scope should include any other identified
work for the rotor.

Rotor Disassembly [Rotors from 9.1.4 c) and 9.1.4 e)] (if Necessary from 10.2.2)

[Link] Prior to dismantling, [Link] should be completed and recorded. If coatings are present, refer to
[Link] prior to unstacking the rotor.

[Link] BB1, volute- and diffuser-, BB2 single-stage volute-, and BB3 and BB5 volute-pump-style rotors
should not be unstacked unless specified or as the result of inspection performed in 10.2.

[Link] Following rotor disassembly, the inspection of the rotor components should be per 10.3.

[Link] Matchmark components and record location and orientation for evaluation purposes and to assure
proper reassembly.

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[Link] Care should be exercised in the disassembly to prevent the damaging of components. Depending
on the pump style, components may or may not have interference fits. An interference fit will require heating
of the component to allow disassembly. A non-interference fit can require slight heating of the component to
allow disassembly. A thorough understanding of the rotor construction is required to safely disassemble the
rotor without causing component damage. Some interference fit couplings require hydraulic pressurization for
removal and thus heat is not to be used.

[Link] Impellers that do not have an interference fit should be removed from the shaft by removing any
locking devices and tapping with a soft-faced mallet or brass pry bars against the base of the impellers back
shroud. If this is unsuccessful, heat in accordance with 10.1.20 may be necessary. Do not use bearing pullers.

[Link] If components are coated, the temperature limitation of any coating should be reviewed.

10.3 Rotor Component Inspections

General

[Link] Visual Inspections (VTs)

The repair shop should perform VTs as indicated in 10.1.

All mating fits should be visually inspected for signs such as yielding, distress, fretting, or galling.

Each impeller should be visually inspected for damage such as wear, cavitation, recirculation,
and mechanical damage. Each vane tip transition between the shroud and hubs should be visually inspected
for cracks. Figure 6 provides information identifying the typical areas of damage from the different types of
cavitation.

Figure 6—Cavitation Damage

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[Link].3.1 Refer to Figure 6 for examples of cavitation damage locations on impellers. Refer to Figures 7
through 11 for photos of impellers damaged by cavitation.

n
t io
a e
a vit ag
C am
D

Figure 7—Example of Cavitation Damage to Impeller Vanes

Figure 8—Example of Cavitation Damage to Impeller Vanes

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 54 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 697

Figure 9—Example of Cavitation Damage

Figure 10—Example of Cavitation Damage to Vane

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Figure 11—Example of Cavitation Eroding Blades

[Link].3.2 Refer to Figure 12 for an example of recirculation damage to an impeller.

Figure 12—Example of Discharge Recirculation Damage

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 56 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 697

[Link].3.3 Refer to Figures 13 through 15 for examples of erosive/abrasive wear.

Figure 13—Example of Erosive Wear on an Impeller

Figure 14—Example of Abrasive Wear

Figure 15—Example of Abrasive Wear

Each impeller should be visually inspected for previous locking of wear parts.

NOTE Excessive wear part locking holes can weaken the impeller.

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[Link] Dimensional Inspections

The repair shop should perform dimensional inspections for the components identified in
Annex W.

All fits should be dimensionally inspected. Fits should be calculated to determine if component
rework is required to restore the design fit.

Record the following data.

a) Shaft per 10.3.5.

b) Impeller(s):

1) bore sizes and lengths,

2) shroud diameter and thickness,

3) widths and number of vanes,

4) vane type of trimming,

5) vane tip diameter and thickness,

6) impeller eye vane thickness,

7) wear ring diameter(s) (wear ring land if wear ring removed),

8) number and diameter of balance holes,

9) back shroud pump-out vanes size and number,

10) wear ring, wear ring land, and hub runouts.

c) Balance piston (drum) outside diameter, bore size, and length.

d) Balance disk: outside diameter, bore size, and face width.

e) Determine if impellers without wear rings have a hard facing applied to the wear surface, and if present,
determine thickness and composition of the hard face surface.

Remove impeller wear rings if they indicate signs of excessive rubbing and the running
clearances exceed those referenced in [Link]. If removed, record the impeller mating diameter (ring land)
and wear ring ID.

Wearing Parts

[Link] VTs

Components should be visually inspected for excessive wear, degradation, or galling.

VTs should be accompanied by dimensional and NDT results.

Refer to Annex J for galling tendencies.

Figures 16 and 17 show acceptable and unacceptable wear as indicated.

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Figure 16—Normal Wear Marks for Component—Acceptable to Reuse

Figure 17—Excessive Wear for Nonmetallic Component—Not Acceptable to Reuse

[Link] Dimensional Inspections

Components, such as wear rings and bushings, should be typically replaced if the clearance
exceeds 1.5 times the maximum clearances identified in Annex W regardless of material. The decision to
replace wearing components, such as wear rings and bushings, should consider driver power limitations,
efficiency, rotor dynamics, and seal cavity/vapor pressure issues.

NOTE To improve efficiency, balance axial thrust, provide rotor stability, or maintain desired pressures within the seal
chamber, the design clearance may be different than the clearance in Annex W.

Review of previous repair data is recommended to determine the rate of dimensional change to
determine an optimum change-out dimension.

Component Bores

[Link] Refer to Annex W for:

a) allowable taper of straight fit designs for interference fit applications,

b) surface finish and runout criteria of the thrust collar and shaft shoulder against which the thrust collar fits,

c) surface finish and runout criteria of the balance drum and shaft shoulder against which the balance drum
fits,

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 PUMP REPAIR 59

d) sleeve to shaft clearance and shaft sleeve (spacer sleeves between impellers) face runout,

e) seal sleeve to shaft clearance,

f) impeller/shaft fits.

[Link] Impellers with tapered bores should have a contact verification check.

a) The contact verification check should be per API 687.

b) If ring and plug gauges are not available, use the actual impeller for the matching shaft taper. The minimum
contact percentage is 80 %.

Thrust Collar Inspections

[Link] The thrust collar (thrust disk) surface face and bore should be visually inspected.

a) The bore should be inspected for fretting. Refer to Figure 18 for an example of fretting. This part can have
a very light interference fit to the shaft.

b) Excessive shrink or excessive clearance can result in non-repeatability of the assembly and loss of the
perpendicularity of the faces to the bore. However, the majority of centrifugal pumps will probably have a
slightly loose fit for ease of assembly.

c) Any deviation from the conditions defined should be documented.

Figure 18—Fretting Under Thrust Collar

[Link] Measure and record thrust collar and thrust collar spacer(s) bore sizes and lengths. Determine
thrust collar to shaft fit.

[Link] Faces of the spacer should be parallel per Annex W to avoid cocking of the thrust collar.

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Shaft Inspections

[Link] General Shaft Inspection

Shaft fit dimensions should be measured and recorded as recommended in Annex W. Shaft
diameters for rolling-element bearings should comply with Annex W. Chronic bearing failures can be an
indication of bearing interference fit issues that may benefit from an engineering study. Additional information
should be considered such as the following.

a) Older pumps may have different fits. Modification of these fits should be agreed upon between the owner
and repair shop.

b) The actual fits and clearances used in a design depend on many factors such as load, bearing size and
type, material properties, and other design and performance requirements.

c) Lighter interference fit can be required for some austenitic stainless steel shafts that have a high coefficient
of thermal expansion.

d) Bearing and shaft material with different coefficients of thermal expansion or parts with the same coefficient
of thermal expansion operating at different temperatures could either increase or decrease the interference
fit.

Shaft location(s) for impellers with tapered bores should have a contact verification check.

a) The contact verification check should be per API 687, coupling annex.

b) If ring and plug gauges are not available, utilize the actual impeller to the shaft for the matching shaft taper.

c) The impeller to shaft minimum contact percentage is 80 %.

Measure and record overall shaft length.

Measure and record mechanical runout on shaft fit areas, seal areas, bearing journals, and all
other running clearance areas with the shaft supported at the bearing journals on V-blocks. Refer to Annex E
for guidance.

Refer to Annex W for dimensional criteria and allowable shaft radial runout.

Determine if the coupling is general purpose or special purpose. Refer to Annex W for coupling
to shaft fits. See 10.6.3 for coupling-related inspections.

Visually inspect shaft for damage such as:

a) setscrew marks,

b) sharp corners,

c) galling,

d) missing or incomplete threads,

e) torn or ruptured surfaces,

f) cracks and yielding,

g) burrs (use a thread file on external threads if necessary to remove any burrs that are detected),

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h) discoloration,

i) corrosion,

j) wire wooling,

k) fretting.

The condition of shaft threads can typically be inspected by threading the component onto the
shaft by hand while checking for any looseness or tightness. Thread gauges such as a thread micrometer or
“3–wire” can be used in addition to the VTs.

If shaft cracks are present, the shaft should be replaced.

If proximity probe target areas are present, electrical and mechanical runouts of each location
should be measured and continuously recorded along with the phase relationship as specified in Annex E.

a) The marking provided in 9.1.11 should be reviewed per API 670 for placement of the proximity probe to
the burnished area and to other components.

b) Proximity probe areas should be protected to prevent damage during handling of the rotor or shaft.

Visually inspect locknut and washer for damage such as:

a) damage at the slots from tightening or loosening,

b) burrs on the nut face,

c) galling on the nut face or threads,

d) peening or spalling of the locking tab slots,

e) missing or distorted locking tabs,

f) missing or incomplete threads,

g) torn or ruptured surfaces,

h) cracks and yielding.

Figures 19 and 20 identify these components.

NOTE Typically, the lock washer is replaced.

Figure 19—Locknut

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Figure 20—Lock Washer

[Link] Shaft Shoulders

Inspect all shaft shoulders for perpendicularity to shaft centerline at the location where any
component seats such as the balance drum, thrust collar, thrust bearing spacers, rolling-element bearing, and
any locknut/split ring. Refer to Annex W for general acceptance criteria.

If a thrust bearing failure has occurred, measure and record the height and radius of the shaft
shoulder at the location where the rolling-element bearing seats. Refer to Annex W for general acceptance
criteria.

[Link] Shaft Sleeve Inspection (Spacer Sleeves Between Impellers)

Visually inspect shaft sleeve(s) for:

a) wear marks,

b) fretting and/or corrosion between shaft and sleeve—refer to Figure 18 for examples of fretting,

c) noticeable non-perpendicularity of mounting surfaces and parallelism of end faces,

d) other damage.

Dimensionally inspect shaft sleeve(s):

a) OD and bore measured at three diameters on each end;

b) length of sleeve at four points around circumference;

c) review the data in 9.1.4—the length of the sleeve is critical on a multistage pump where deviation of the
length can result in misalignment of the impellers with diffusers/volutes;

d) surface finish of the sleeve OD and ends;

e) perpendicularity of the sleeve faces.

10.4 Stationary and Pressure Casing Components Inspections

General

This section describes the data to be recorded and the inspection recommendations of a pump pressure casing
and stationary components.

[Link] A VT should be completed on all mating fits should be visually inspected for signs of yielding,
distress, fretting, or galling.

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[Link] Dimensional Inspections

The repair shop should perform dimensional inspections for the components identified in the
appropriate Annex W. Fits should be calculated to determine if component rework is recommended to restore
the design fit.

Record the following data. Refer to Annex W for generally accepted criteria:

a) flatness of mating surfaces,

b) gasket fit depths,

c) O-ring groove dimensions,

d) register fit inside and outside diameters,

e) concentricity of bores,

f) parallelism of mating faces.

Remove case wear rings if they indicate signs of excessive rubbing and the running clearances
exceed those referenced in [Link]. If removed, record the case mating diameter (ring land) and case wear
ring OD.

The pressure casing minimum required thickness is a difficult measurement as it takes into
account both pressure and structural capabilities. The OEM should be consulted to determine the required
pressure casing thickness. Reductions to pressure casing thickness can reduce maximum allowable working
pressure (MAWP).

[Link] Hydrostatic test recommendations are identified in Table 11. The hydrostatic test work scope should
be included in 10.9.

[Link] Inspection of Areas Prone to High-velocity Erosion

Erosion damage needs to be reviewed to determine if the erosion is in a pressure boundary

location so that it meets the minimum wall thickness requirements. Other erosion damage areas should be
reviewed to determine the effect on the pump’s performance. Refer to OEM requirements for additional
guidance.

Visually inspect all liquid passages on stationary components and Volute tongue (cutwater) for
signs of erosion or wear. Refer to Figures 21 through 23 for examples of a diffuser pump cutwater new, worn
and repaired. Refer to Figures 24 through 25 for examples of erosive wear.

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 64 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 697

Flo Cutwater
w

Figure 21—Diffuser Pump Cutwater

Original
Cutwater
Leading Edge
Flo
w

Figure 22—Eroded Volute Cutwater

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w
Flo

Repaired
Cutwater

Figure 23—Repaired Volute Cutwater

Figure 24—Abrasive Wear

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Figure 25—Abrasive Wear

Figure 26—Abrasive Wear

[Link] Foot Inspection

 Pump case feet should be inspected for flatness and parallelism using a straight edge, as
practical. If specified, the case should be set up in a tool for inspection. Refer to Annex W for allowable
tolerances. Review the condition of the holes and the top surface of the bolting/washer to verify there is no
damage that needs correcting.

NOTE This check is typically done if a “soft foot” condition or varying shim pack thickness under each foot was discovered
during pump removal.

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[Link] Gasket Surfaces

General

[Link].1.1 Visually inspect the surface finish at the gasket location for scratches, gouges, pits, dents,
erosion, wormholes, or other damage. Do not locally polish, grind, or buff seating surface (remove burrs only).
Refer to Annex U for Imperfections in flange facing finish for raised face flanges.

[Link].1.2 Gasketed surfaces should have a surface finish per the requirements of Annex W. The finish
of gasket contact surfaces should be judged by comparison with Ra standards and not by instruments having
stylus tracers and electronic amplification.

[Link].1.3 Stone the surface(s) to remove any raised metal.

Pipe Flange Gasket Surface

[Link].2.1 Refer to Annex U for Imperfections in flange facing finish for raised face flanges.

[Link].2.2 For ductile iron or gray iron flanges, refer to MSS SP-6.

Confined Controlled Compression Spiral Wound Gasket Surface

[Link].3.1 Spiral wound gasket compression should be calculated from measured dimensional data. The
resulting compression for spiral wound gaskets should be per Annex W

Refer to Figure 27 for an example of a confined controlled compression spiral wound gasket.

Confined
Controlled
Compression
Spiral Wound
Gasket

Figure 27—Confined Controlled Compression Spiral Wound Gasket

Horizontal Joint Surface of Gasketed Axially Split Pressure-casing-style Pumps

Surfaces for axially split pressure casing gaskets should have a surface finish and flatness per Annex W.

A straight edge and feeler gauges or laser are typically used to determine flatness.

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Horizontal Joint Surface of Axially Split Non-gasketed Pressure-casing-style Pumps

[Link].5.1 Surfaces for the non-gasketed pressure boundary sealing surfaces should have a surface finish
per Annex W.

[Link].5.2 Perform contact verification of the split line to determine any high spots. Inspection should be
performed without bolting. The acceptance criteria should be per Annex W. If the acceptance criteria
recommended in Annex W are not met, then installation of all the bolting at 50 % torque value (using proper
tightening sequence) may be allowed with owners’ approval.

NOTE Excessive contact verification paste can cause inaccurate evaluation.

O-ring and O-ring Groove Inspections

[Link].6.1 Sealing surfaces for O-rings should have a surface finish per Annex W.

[Link].6.2 Refer to Annex O for O-ring information.

[Link].6.3 All O-rings should be replaced.

[Link] Corrosion Damage

Visually inspect all liquid passages on components for signs of corrosion or wear. Refer to
Figure 28 for an example of corrosion damage.

Verify thicknesses with OEM wear or corrosion allowance.

NOTE Corrosion damage and erosion damage can appear similar.

Figure 28—Corrosion Damage

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Pressure Casing, Casing Internals, and Cover Inspections

[Link] General

The general section [Link] covers pressure casings for all pump types.

Sections [Link] through [Link] are specific for the pump types identified.

Stationary components should be disassembled and inspected in accordance with 10.1.

Wearing parts should be inspected in accordance with 10.3.2.

The repair shop should perform the dimensional inspections in Annex W and [Link].5 through
[Link].9 after the rotor has been removed from the pressure casing.

The diameter(s), concentricity, perpendicularity and finish of interference, register, and sealing
surfaces should be measured and recorded.

Dimensional inspection of the pressure casing and cover (head) should be performed as follows:

a) interface dimensions with the pump case,

b) all register fits,

c) axial depth of the pressure casing cover (head),

d) interface dimensions with the bearing housing,

e) interface dimensions with the seal/packing housing or gland,

f) perpendicularity of the bearing housing mounting surface,

g) surface finish of gasket areas,

h) length of the raised spigot register entrapping the gasket (not applicable to BB1, BB3, or BB5 volute type).

All interface dimensions should create a proper fit with mating components to assure alignment
of the theoretical center line of pump casing assembly with the center line rotor assembly within the limits
specified in Annex W. This alignment is a combination of the fits between the case, cover(s), bearing
housing(s), and bearings.

The casing and/or cover surface in contact with the bearing housing should be perpendicular to
the pump case centerline per Annex W.

[Link] BB5 Barrel Cartridge Assembly/Bundle Assembly Inspection

Visually inspect the cartridge as follows:

a) overall condition of the outside of the cartridge,

b) gasketed surfaces and condition of any gaskets,

c) signs of leakage,

d) the face(s) in contact with the pump case should be inspected for erosion,

e) obtain samples of any deposits for analysis,

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f) wear,

g) damage,

h) failed fasteners.

Clean per 9.2.

Prior to disassembly of the inner pressure casing, the axial length of the internal case assembly
should be measured and recorded. Reference Figures 97 and 98.

Dimensionally inspect the inner case dimensions.

The inner case is held concentric with the head by register fit(s). These register fits should be
inspected for distress such as galling or washing.

The diameter of all guide lugs or guide ring on the inner case should be inspected.

The inner case to barrel register OD should be inspected and recorded. Typically, this is located
at the suction side of the inner case and coincides with the inner to outer gasket location that separates the
suction and discharge sections of the pump.

Inspect inner to outer case gasket location surfaces for erosion.

With the bearings and seals removed, measure and record the overall axial float of the rotor.

[Link] BB1, BB3, and BB5 Barrel Cartridge/Bundle Disassembly—Horizontally Split

When disassembling cartridge:

a) remove all bolting holding sections together;

b) if provisions for jackscrews are provided, clean and lubricate the jackscrew threads;

c) utilize jackscrews to carefully split sections evenly to prevent binding.

[Link] At this phase of the inspection process, rotors for BB1, BB3, and BB5 pump types should be
disassembled (unstacked) and inspected in accordance with 10.1, 10.2, and 10.4.

[Link] BB1, BB3, and BB5 Barrel Cartridge/Bundle Inspection of Stationary Components—
Horizontally Split

Visually inspect the stationary components as follows:

a) overall condition of the cartridge fluid passages,

b) internal fluid bypassing,

c) signs of leakage,

d) erosion of the non-gasketed split line,

e) erosion of the cutwaters,

f) obtain samples of any deposits for analysis,

g) rubbing,

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h) wear,

i) damage,

j) wear ring groove damage,

k) wear ring anti-rotation pins.

The inner case split line should be verified for flatness per Annex W.

Surface finish of the inner case split line should be measured and recorded. Refer to Annex W.

Stationary wear parts such as wear rings, throttle, throat, and balance bushing should be replaced
if there are indications of galling.

All stationary wear components should be dimensionally inspected for the fit to the inner pressure
casing and running clearances. Indications of rubbing should be evaluated to determine the need for
component replacement.

Refer to Annex W for wear ring fit to inner pressure casing.

Refer to Annex W for wearing part running clearances.

Dimensionally inspect wear ring tongue and grooves. See Annex W for guidance.

[Link] BB2, BB4, and BB5 Barrel Cartridge Assembly/Bundle Assembly Disassembly—Radially
Split

Due to the construction, this design requires sequential unstacking of the rotor and diffuser for
inspection of the rotor and diffusers. This can be done with the inner pressure casing in the vertical position.

Care should be exercised in the disassembly to prevent the damaging of components.

Components can have interference or non-interference fits. An interference fit will require heating of the
component to allow disassembly. A non-interference fit can also require heating of the component to allow
disassembly. A thorough understanding of the cartridge construction is recommended to safely disassemble
the cartridge without causing component damage.

When disassembling cartridge:

a) remove all bolting holding sections together;

b) if provisions for jackscrews are provided, clean and lubricate the jackscrew threads;

c) if disassembling in horizontal orientation, be sure diffusers are supported to prevent dropping them onto
the shaft;

d) utilize jackscrews to carefully split sections evenly to prevent binding.

Diffusers that do not have an interference fit with each other can require tapping with a soft-faced mallet or
brass pry bars to separate. If this is unsuccessful, heat in accordance with 10.1.20.

Diffusers that have an interference fit with each should be uniformly heated for disassembly.

Dimensionally inspect and record the inner case dimensions in accordance with the Annex W.

Mating surfaces should be protected after disassembly.

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[Link] Rotors for BB2, BB4, and BB5 Barrels

Unstack and inspect rotors in accordance with 10.1 and 10.3.

[Link] BB2, BB4, and BB5 Cartridge Assembly/Bundle Assembly Component Diffuser
Inspection—Radially Split

Visually inspect the components as follows (see Figure 29 as an example):

a) sealing faces between diffusers (stage casing) should be inspected for erosion,

b) overall condition of the cartridge fluid passages,

c) internal fluid bypassing,

d) signs of leakage,

e) erosion of the non-gasketed split line,

f) erosion of the cutwaters,

g) note any deposits and obtain samples for analysis,

h) rubbing,

i) wear,

j) damage,

k) wear ring groove damage,

l) wear ring anti-rotation pins.

Leading Edge
Erosion

w
Flo

Figure 29—Diffuser Vane Leading Edge Erosion

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Dimensionally inspect stage positioning of individual diffuser segments. Compare these data with
the stage positioning of the rotor to determine rotor axial position within the diffusers [refer to 9.1.4 f)]. If
deviation is found between these measurements, analyze the data.

NOTE In a radially split, multistage pump, even small deviations on the stage length between stationary and rotating
components can result in misalignment of the impeller and diffuser and consequently in a loss of the pump performance,
reduction of efficiency, and possibility of increased axial thrust.

Visually inspect the diffuser mating surfaces and record the size, depth, type (such as punch
marks, washout, dents, scratches, machining marks, spot welding, or any imperfection), and if damage
transverses sealing face.

Perform contact verification inspection of the diffuser mating surfaces to determine any high
spots.

Surface finish of each diffuser’s split line should be measured and recorded. Refer to Annex W.

All stationary wear components should be dimensionally inspected for the fit to the inner pressure
casing and running clearances.

Wear parts such as wear rings and bushings should be replaced if there are indications of rubbing
and/or the running clearances exceed those referenced in [Link].

Inspect and record radial fits between suction cover and barrel. Inspect radial fit between last
stage cover to discharge head.

[Link] BB5 Outer Casing and Cover Inspection

NOTE 1 BB5 barrel pumps have a double casing design consisting of an outer case and an internal assembly (e.g. bundle
or cartridge). Based on the pump design, internal assembly can be vertically split (diffuser) or horizontally split (volute).

NOTE 2 As outlined in 9.1.4, the outer casing for this type of pump is not always removed from the field and only the
cartridge assembly or bundle assembly with end head(s), seals, bearing housings, and bearings is sent to the repair shop.

NOTE 3 Refer to Annex A for the various casing configurations.

Dimensional inspections in Annex W should be performed.

Visually inspect the outer case as follows:

a) the face(s) in contact with the inner bundle should be inspected for erosion,

b) condition of shear rings and grooves.

The inner case is held concentric with the head by a register fit(s). These register fits should be
inspected for distress such as galling or washing.

The ID of the outer case at the inner bundle register and lug fits should be inspected, measured,
and recorded. Typically, this is located at the suction side of the inner case and coincides with the inner to
outer sealing surface or gasket location that separates the suction and discharge sections of the pump.

Inspect inner to outer case gasket location or sealing/mating surfaces for erosion.

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Seal Chambers

[Link] Measure and record the seal chamber bore(s).

[Link] The concentricity of the seal chamber register fit should be measured and recorded. Refer to Annex
W for acceptance criteria.

[Link] The seal chamber face runout should be measured and recorded. Refer to Annex W for acceptance
criteria.

[Link] The clearance between the seal gland pilot and the seal chamber bore should be measured and
recorded. Refer to Annex W for acceptance criteria.

[Link] The minimum radial clearance between the rotating components of the seal and the stationary
surfaces of the seal chamber and gland plate should be in accordance with Annex W.

[Link] Refer to Annex W for shaft to seal sleeve fit.

[Link] Refer to Annex W for the clearance recommendations for throat bushings. API 682 seal vapor
pressure margin compliance may require smaller clearances based on an engineering review.

Check auxiliary piping including balance line, drains, and vents for obstructions/plugging. NDT
examine any welded sections and PMI alloy piping.

Fasteners and Threaded Holes

[Link] Fasteners include setscrews, studs, bolting, washer, and nuts.

[Link] Fasteners should be removed.

a) The threads of holes and fasteners should be visually inspected for gross defects.

b) This VT should be made without magnification and is intended to detect such gross defects as missing or
incomplete threads, defective thread profile, torn or ruptured surfaces, yielding, cracks, and bent fasteners.

c) Record any damage found during the inspection.

d) If cupping of washers has occurred, consider replacing the washer with hardened washers per ASTM
F436/F436M.

[Link] All threads and threaded holes used on non-commercial fasteners should be inspected using go/no-
go gauging.

 [Link] If specified, fasteners in service(s) that can promote stress corrosion cracking should be replaced.

[Link] Fasteners in highly corrosive services that have been associated with a leaking gasket identified in
4.4.1 c) should be replaced.

 [Link] If specified, fasteners on pressure-containing joints should be magnetic particle inspected. Refer to
Annex W for acceptance criteria and allowable residual magnetism. Fasteners with cut threads may not pass
MT.

[Link] Fasteners should have markings which identify material, class, grade, or hardness of the fastener.

[Link] To verify that the threaded holes are in good condition and allow proper installation, run the correct
tap (bottom tap if bottom hole design) into the threaded hole to clean the threads, remove the tap, flush with a
solvent, and using a needle air gun, carefully blow the hole clean. Run the stud or bolt with an appropriate

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 PUMP REPAIR 75

thread lubricant into the threaded hole to verify an adequate installation and remove. Do not install the studs
or bolts until necessary for the assembly steps.

10.5 Bearings and Bearing Housing Assembly Inspection

Bearing Housing

[Link] Visually inspect bearing housing and components for the following:

a) integrity of any internal coatings;

b) fretting of bearing fits;

c) oil passages are open or blocked as appropriate if oil mist lubrication is used;

d) oil passages/orifices are open and clean, see [Link];

e) integrity of any internal cooling coils and fins;

f) condition of anti-rotation pins, alignment pins, and corresponding holes;

g) signs of rubbing/overheating;

h) all mating surfaces should be inspected for signs of distress;

i) cooling water jackets for cleanliness and integrity;

j) presence and condition of any previous repairs or inserts;

k) cracks;

l) vibration monitoring and temperature instrumentation mounted in accordance with API 670;

m) corrosion;

n) condition and location of oil mist connection(s) and reclassifiers as applicable;

o) location and condition of any oil supply orifices for pressurized oil supply systems;

p) inspect for stud holes protruding into oil reservoir;

q) vents/breathers are open and clean.

[Link] For bearing housing design utilizing a register fit for attachment to the pump casing, the clearance
between casing and bearing housing registers should be as specified in Annex W.

[Link] The register fits should be inspected for concentricity with bearing bore and should be in
accordance with Annex W.

[Link] The bearing housing face attached to the case/head/yoke should be inspected for perpendicularity
to the bearing bore and should be in accordance with Annex W.

 [Link] If specified, the bearing housing should be NDT inspected. Refer to Annex W for acceptance criteria
and allowable residual magnetism.

[Link] Check bearing housing metallurgy for possible upgrade.

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[Link] Bearing Housing Bore

Bearing Housing Bore for Rolling-element Bearings

[Link].1.1 For rolling-element bearing arrangements, the bearing housing fit to the bearing OD should be
in accordance with Annex W.

a) Measure and record the height, radius, and perpendicularly of the housing shoulder against which any
rolling-element bearing seats.

b) The dimensions should be in accordance with Annex W.

NOTE 1 Bearing housings for older pumps might not be manufactured to H7 tolerances.

NOTE 2 A normal H7 fit results in a “metal-to-metal” fit at maximum material conditions. The modified H7 fits in Annex
W table result in clearance.

[Link].1.2 Determine the axial clearance between the bearing and end cover (end float) for duplex ball
bearing sets.

a) Visually check end covers.

b) The surface(s) in contact with thrust bearing should be flat and free of any damage.

c) If multiple surfaces are used, confirm each surface is the same length.

d) Refer to Annex W for dimensional criteria.

Bearing Housing Bore for Hydrodynamic Bearings

[Link].2.1 Bearing housings for hydrodynamic bearings should be inspected in accordance with Annex H.

[Link] Bearing housings for oil-lubricated bearings without pressure-fed or pure oil mist should be
inspected for a permanent indication of the proper oil level. This identification should be accurately located and
clearly marked on the outside of the bearing housing with permanent metal tags, marks inscribed in the
castings, or other durable means.

The sight glass should be provided and located such that the proper oil level elevation is at the midpoint. Sight
glasses should be cleaned so that oil level is observable.

[Link] For pure oil mist applications, any oil drain-back hole(s) should be plugged to assure the oil mist
does not bypass the rolling-element bearings.

[Link] Oil ring retainers should be inspected for straightness and length. Refer to Figure 30 for an
illustration of an oil ring retainer.

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Oil Ring
Retainers

Figure 30—Oil Ring Retainer

[Link] Verify the cooling coils, cooling cartridges, and water jackets cleanliness by flow testing.

[Link] Cooling coils, cooling cartridges, or water jacketed bearing housings should be hydrostatically
tested to the pressure indicated by the OEM. If process fluid is used as the cooling medium, the repair shop
and owner should agree on the test pressure. For water cooling, if no information is available, coils should be
hydrostatically tested to 150 psig (10 bar) for 30 minutes to verify the integrity and check for leaks. If there are
leaks, the fix should be agreed upon with the owner.

[Link] Bearing isolating devices should be disassembled for VT of possible rubbing that may not allow the
device to properly function. As a minimum, the O-rings should be replaced, and the entire device should be
replaced if sufficient damage prevents it from functioning.

Bearings

[Link] Rolling-element bearings should be inspected and replaced in accordance with 9.1.5. Refer to
Annex W for bearing fit recommendations.

[Link] Hydrodynamic Journal Bearings

Hydrodynamic journal bearings should be inspected per Annex H. See Annex I for examples of
hydrodynamic bearing damage. Refer to Annex W for hydrodynamic bearing clearances.

Hydrodynamic journal bearings should be replaced or repaired if:

a) any of the conditions in Annex I exist,

b) the bearing clearance exceed those in Annex W,

c) the bearing to bearing housing fit exceeds the criteria in Annex W,

d) the hole for the anti-rotation pin is damaged,

e) physical damage is present that can affect bearing performance.

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Verify temperature sensing devices function properly if present.

[Link] Hydrodynamic Thrust Bearings

Refer to 9.1.6 for removal and inspection of hydrodynamic thrust bearings.

Refer to Annex W for setting of hydrodynamic thrust bearing axial clearance (end float). The
bearing size is approximately the OD of the thrust collar.

Verify temperature sensing function properly if present.

Oilers

[Link] Oilers that provide automatic refill should be mounted on the “up side” of rotation on the housing.
Refer to Figure 31.

[Link] Oilers should be removed from the bearing housing, disassembled, and inspected for:

a) plugging/cleanliness/transparency,

b) thread condition,

c) bent components,

d) all necessary components included and functionally correct,

e) cracks,

f) setting that maintains the proper oil level.

Figure 31—Proper Oiler Location

Bearing housing auxiliary devices such as vents, breathers, expansion chambers, driers, drain valves,
and oil sump collection container should be inspected, cleaned, or replaced.

Oil Rings

[Link] Inspect oil rings for flat spots, out-of-round, sharp edges, and other signs of wear on sides and
bore.

[Link] Measure and record the ring diameter, width, and thickness. Compare the oil ring with its
manufacturing drawing or a spare ring.

[Link] If the sides of oil ring the slot in a hydrodynamic bearing are babbitted, check Babbitt condition.

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[Link] Determine if there has been a change in the cross section of the ring due to wear. Refer to Annex W
for generally accepted oil ring dimensional criteria.

[Link] The condition of the chamfer(s) on the corners of the ring can be an indication of ring wear. If the
chamfer is worn away or if it shows signs of uneven wear, then the oil ring should be replaced.

10.6 Auxiliary Items

Auxiliary Connections

[Link] If a component for an auxiliary connection is removed, develop a sketch with dimensions and
orientation and take photographs of any auxiliary connection so that the location of the components can be
repeated upon reassembly or replacement of the components. Piping can be distorted (bent or out of parallel)
due to physically being damaged or possibly altered to fit the system. The distortion should be discussed with
the owner.

 [Link] If specified, document the auxiliary connection type, pressure rating, and schedule of all
components. Consider upgrading of threaded connections to comply with API 610.

[Link] Sketch and photograph the auxiliary piping and tubing configuration including lengths, angles,
valves, fittings, components, and sizes that would allow replacement.

Mechanical Seals and Packing

[Link] Cartridge Seals

The cartridge mechanical seal should be sent to the owner’s selected seal repair vendor to be
disassembled, inspected, and repaired. An inspection/failure report should be provided.

 If there are any failed seal components, a root cause failure analysis should be provided if
specified. The owner selected seal vendor should recommend any repairs or upgrades to meet current
standards and current operating conditions.

Once the cartridge seal is reassembled, each seal should have an assembly integrity test in
accordance with API 682 by the owner selected seal vendor.

[Link] Component Seal (Non-cartridge Design)

Component seals should be disassembled, and the conditions of the seal components should be
inspected for buildups, corrosion, fretting, or other damage.

a) The seal gland should be visually inspected for leakage across the gland plate gasket area.

b) The components should be replaced as required.

c) Typically, all the seal faces should be replaced and all gasketing devices should be replaced.

d) Confirm that seal face flatness meets design requirements.

e) Upgrading a component seal to a cartridge seal should be considered.

An inspection/failure report should be provided, as appropriate. If there are any failed seal
components, a root cause failure analysis should be provided. Refer to 9.1.2 f).

[Link] Shaft packing should be completely replaced.

a) The packing sleeves should be inspected for wear and the OD measured and recorded.

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b) Upgrading packing to a cartridge seal should be considered. Refer to 11.6.3 and 11.6.5 for additional
information.

Coupling Inspections

[Link] General

Coupling assemblies should be inspected per [Link] and either [Link], [Link], or [Link]
as applicable. The inspection, disassembly, replacement components, and reassembly differ somewhat
between special-purpose couplings and general-purpose couplings.

NOTE 1 Special-purpose couplings (API 671) typically have tighter tolerances and a higher degree of balance than
general-purpose couplings.

NOTE 2 Special-purpose couplings are typically recognizable from general-purpose couplings by identification on the
coupling drawing.

Do not disassemble the coupling components farther than the recommended by the OEM.
Improper reassembly of coupling components can cause an imbalance situation. Consider matchmarking any
coupling components prior to disassembly.

During the inspection of the coupling assembly, verify that all components were properly installed.
Verify no parts are missing or assembled incorrectly.

Refer to Annex W for coupling hub to shaft dimensional fits.

Refer to AGMA 9002-B04 for inspection for the coupling.

[Link] General-purpose Coupling Inspections

General-purpose couplings typically consist of a center assembly and a hub on each end. The
specific design of the coupling will determine the extent of the inspection. Some disk and diaphragm couplings
have assemblies that are factory assembled. Refer to the OEM’s instructions before disassembling the
subassemblies. A visual examination should include as a minimum the observance for:

a) loosened paint or coating;

b) scratches on the flexible element(s);

c) dents in the flexible element(s);

d) cracked flexible element(s);

e) deformed flexible element(s);

f) twisted or distorted components;

g) rusting, pitting or other corrosion damage;

h) condition of the bolts such as thread damage, thread area yielding, shank wear, and bolt holes
(roundness);

i) condition of each flange for any raised areas around the bolt holes or the flange edges from bolt damage
or improper disassembly techniques;

j) bent windage flanges (shrouds) (these can fail and introduce an imbalance that can result in a failure);

k) cracked welds;

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l) loose components;

m) cracks in the keyway area;

n) fretting;

o) missing fasteners.

[Link] API 671 special-purpose coupling components should be inspected in accordance with API 687.

a) Special-purpose coupling components can be removed and sent to the owner’s selected coupling repair
vendor for inspection and refurbishment.

b) The details of the extent of the inspection and refurbishment should be agreed by the owner and the repair
shop considering the coupling design.

[Link] Gear-style couplings should be inspected per API 687, including a review of the condition of any
remaining grease or separation, degradation, or contamination and metal particles.

Measure and record the motor shaft and base tolerances of vertical motors (OH3, OH4, OH5) per
API 610, Figure 36.

Guards for Exposed Shaft Areas

[Link] Guard(s) for exposed shaft areas should meet ANSI B11.19 and API 610. If a guard is not included,
review 11.8.2.

[Link] Visually inspect the guard(s) for:

a) structural integrity,

b) indications of rubbing or contact that can indicate it has been deformed or distorted,

c) discoloration of nonmetallic components,

d) fasteners.

10.7 Inspection Report of Components and Evaluation of Rotor Component Inspection Data

The repair shop should prepare an inspection documentation package (report) consisting of
information identified in:

a) Section 9,

b) Section 10.

Review and evaluate all data and information to determine the acceptability of the resulting fits,
clearances, and runouts. For components that are out of OEM specification, inspection documentation should
include both the as-found measurement/condition and the acceptance criteria. If OEM information is not
available, use Annex W.

The basis of repair recommendations should be to deliver a safe and reliable pump by returning
dimensions to the latest design fits and clearances and incorporating materials compatible with the current
operating conditions. This will allow the repaired pump to:

a) maintain interchangeability with other units;

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b) use existing spare parts;

c) eliminate errors in manufacturing future spare parts that could be caused by undocumented dimensional
changes;

d) maintain its critical speed margins and torque transmission capabilities—small rotor to stator clearance
changes can move rotor critical speeds and changes in shrink fits can adversely affect rotor dynamics;

e) repairs should be completed per Section 12.

NOTE The latest design fits and clearances might not be as originally designed by the OEM, because rerates and/or
upgrades could have been incorporated into the machine design.

Once the repair shop has completed the inspections and documentation, the owner and repair shop
should meet to develop a finalized work scope. The following should be available for the meeting.

a) All inspection results and documentation clearly indicating deviations from OEM values or Annex W.

b) Dimensional information per Annex W, as applicable.

c) Results of all NDT inspections and PMI.

d) Information concerning modifications, hydraulic rerates, or upgrades requested by the owner or suggested
by the repair shop.

e) Repair shop’s recommendations of components to be repaired or replaced including repair techniques.

f) Spare parts availability from the owner.

g) Work that should be subcontracted and proposed subcontractors.

h) Inspection and test plan including hold points.

i) Identification of the vendor for replacement parts supplied by the repair shop (owner’s approved vendors
list should be used).

j) Identification of any component removed from the pump that differs from the information identified by the
pump vendor.

k) Pricing of repairs, modifications or upgrades, replacement components, and testing.

l) Proposed schedule.

m) Identification of storage requirements after assembly.

n) Documentation for final report and timing.

o) Considerations from 12.1.1 through 12.1.3.

New austenitic stainless steel nameplate(s) should be provided to identify the repair shop information
and all fields from the original nameplate with current data.

a) Nameplates should not be mounted on pressure-containing components.

b) Nameplate(s) should be attached by pins of the same material as the nameplate. Welding is not permitted.

c) The new nameplate should be mounted adjacent to the original nameplate unless it violates Item a).

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d) The new additional nameplate(s) should be supplied identifying information such as:

1) when a performance modification or rerate has been completed, the revised performance or operating
conditions;

2) when impeller(s) diameter has been changed, the new impeller(s) diameter should be identified;

3) if the bearings have been changed, the new rolling-element bearings numbers to be identified;

4) name of repair shop;

5) date of repair or upgrade;

6) repair shop job number;

7) any other information specified by the owner.

e) Do not remove the original nameplate.

The complexity of a project or repair will usually determine how many review meetings or discussions
should be planned. Meeting minutes should be published by the repair shop and distributed to the attendees
or other personnel involved in the scope of the project for review and comment. Follow-up meetings may be
necessary if deviations from the initial repair scope are found during the repair process.

10.8 Investigation of damaged components should be considered to determine the root cause of failure and
determine preventive or mitigative repair actions or operational changes.

10.9 A revised repair shop work scope (RSWS rev 01) should be prepared based on results of 10.2, 10.7,
and 10.8. Modifications such as identified in Section 11 should be presented to the owner for consideration.

10.10 The repair shop should forward a proposal defining the agreed scope of work with the inspection
reports, proposed modifications, price, and delivery sent to the owner to the address specified in the inquiry
documents. The proposal should include a statement that the repair scope and all documentation will be in
accordance with this standard. If the scope and supplied data are not in strict accordance, the repair shop
should include a list that details and explains each deviation. The repair shop should provide details to evaluate
any proposed alternative repair procedures and scope. All correspondence from the repair shop should be
clearly identified in accordance with:

a) the owner’s corporate name;

b) the owner’s job/project/inquiry/purchase order number;

c) the owner’s equipment item number and service name;

d) equipment serial number;

e) the repair shop’s identifying proposal number, shop order number, or other reference number.

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10.11 The user and the repair shop should discuss the inspections and recommended modifications to
determine a revised RSWS. If additional inspections are completed through the work scope process, additional
work scopes may be necessary. These revised works scopes are identified as revisions to the RSWSs.

10.12 Generated Waste

Disassembly and cleaning of the equipment or components at the repair shop can generate
hazardous waste. Spent gaskets, parts, or O-rings can require special handling. The owner and the repair
shop should discuss handling and disposal of generated waste.

The owner and the repair shop should discuss disposition of serviceable and non-serviceable used
parts.

11 Pump Modification and Rerates

11.1 General

This section can be used to evaluate proposed material, hydraulic, mechanical, and auxiliary
component modifications (upgrades) and rerates. When considering these changes, a review of the application
should be completed to ensure that the change is correct for the application and site. In many situations, the
current operating condition does not match the condition for which the pump was initially designed, and it can
be possible to improve the operation and reliability of the equipment. In some cases, modifying or replacing
existing components with an alternative design is a possibility. New components and upgrades should meet
the inspection, testing, and quality control recommendations of Sections 8 and 10. Troubleshooting can provide
insight into potential upgrades or rerates. Some modifications can increase the required power and the need
for drive components with higher power and torque capability. If any changes are performed, a permanent
record of the change should be documented and placed in the final document package.

Modifications and rerates should be considered to provide:

a) improved equipment safety,

b) improved reliability,

c) reduced seal leakage,

d) equipment adapted to changing performance conditions,

e) improved operating efficiency and reduced power consumption,

f) upgrades to meet current editions of API standards such as API 610 and API 682,

g) interchangeability with similar pumping units and reduced spare parts inventory,

h) machinery protection,

i) materials that better meet the demands of the application.

 The owner should provide the applicable datasheets to the repair shop.

[Link] Any information on these datasheets that changes as the result of a modification or rerate should
be updated by the repair shop.

[Link] If the datasheets are electronic, they should be electronically changed. If printed, changes should
be shown on a marked-up copy.

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