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A-Level Physics: Work, Energy, Power Concepts

The document covers key concepts in physics related to work, energy, and power, including the principle of conservation of energy, definitions of work done, kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, and elastic potential energy. It also explains formulas for calculating velocity in a gravitational field, efficiency, and work done by an expanding gas. Additionally, it discusses methods to increase system efficiency and derives power as the product of force and velocity.

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4 views25 pages

A-Level Physics: Work, Energy, Power Concepts

The document covers key concepts in physics related to work, energy, and power, including the principle of conservation of energy, definitions of work done, kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, and elastic potential energy. It also explains formulas for calculating velocity in a gravitational field, efficiency, and work done by an expanding gas. Additionally, it discusses methods to increase system efficiency and derives power as the product of force and velocity.

Uploaded by

blablaaa2k10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CIE A-Level Physics

6 - Work, Energy and Power


Flashcards

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What is meant by the principle of
conservation of energy?

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What is meant by the principle of conservation of
energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only
transferred into other forms of energy.
Therefore the total energy in a closed system
will always remain the same.

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Define work done.

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Define work done.

Work done is equal to the energy


transferred. It is the product of the force
applied and the distance moved in the
direction of the force.

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Define kinetic energy and give its SI
base unit.

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Define kinetic energy and give its SI base unit.

The energy associated with the motion of an


object with mass. Its unit is J and its SI base unit
is kgm2s-2.

Ek= ½ mv²

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Define gravitational potential energy.

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Define gravitational potential energy.

The energy stored by an object at a point


in a gravitational field.
GPE = mgΔh

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Define elastic potential energy.

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Define elastic potential energy.
The energy stored by an object as a result of
a reversible change in an object’s shape:
EPE = 1/2kx2
where k is spring constant N/m and x is the
extension in m.
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State the principle of the conservation of
energy.

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State the principle of the conservation of energy.

In a closed system, energy cannot be


created or destroyed but only transferred
from one form to another.

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If we consider a closed system where an
object is moving up and down, derive a
formula for the velocity of an object in a
gravitational field.

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If we consider a closed system where an object is moving up
and down, derive a formula for the velocity of an object in a
gravitational field.
All initial GPE is converted to KE as the object falls, and this KE is
converted back to GPE as it rises.

Equating KE and GPE gives: mgh = ½ mv2

Rearranging this in terms of v2 gives v2 = 2gh, so v = 2gh1/2

Since mass cancels out, the velocity of the object is independent of mass.

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The rate of work done is equal to…

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The rate of work done is equal to...

...power.

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What is efficiency?

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What is efficiency?

Efficiency (%) = (The useful output


power / total input power ) x 100

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How can the work done by an expanding
gas be calculated?

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How can the work done by an expanding gas be
calculated?

Work done = pΔV


Where p is pressure (which must be
constant) and ΔV is the change in the
gas’s volume.
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How can the efficiency of a system that
loses energy due to friction be
increased?

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How can the efficiency of a system that loses energy due
to friction be increased?

Lubricate parts of the system and reduce


the number of parts that touch.

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Derive power as the product of force and
velocity.

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Derive power as the product of force and velocity.

Power = work done / time


(Work done = force x displacement)
Power = force x displacement / time
power = force x velocity
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