STRAITGATE COLLEGE
YEAR: 2025 SUBJECT: BASIC SCIENCE (BIOLOGY)
SUBJECT TEACHER: MR. MICHAEL O. 2ND TERM 2024/25 ACADEMIC SESSION
DATE: Monday June 23rd, 2025
TOPIC: CELLS: PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
CLASS: YEAR 7
DURATION: 60 minutes
PERIOD: 1
REFERENCES:
Cambridge checkpoint science 1. Peter D. Riley, new edition, Holder Education and Hachette
UK publisher. Page54-56.
Essential Biology for senior secondary schools. M.C. Michael. Tonad publishers limited.
Page 35.
The Holy Bible
BIBLE REFERENCE
Psalm 139: 13-16 For you formed my inward parts; you knitted me together in my mother's
womb………………………..
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to;
define cell (Knowledge)
state the various forms in which cell exist (Knowledge)
identify the various organelles found in a cell ( Understand)
differentiate between plant and animal cells (Understand)
view an onion cell using a microscope (apply)
compare the onion cell with a typical animal cell (analyze)
draw the a plant cell as seen under the microscope (evaluate)
create a prepared slide for plant cell kept for future use (create)
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:
Interactive white board, textbooks, pictures and diagrams, video clip on basic parts of a cell.
TEACHING PEDAGOGY:
Inquiry Based Learning: Students will observe prepared slides of plant and animal cells
under a microscope. They will draw the nucleus and state its features as observed
Collaborative Learning: Groups will be asked to create a prepared plant using spirogyra for
future use.
Field Trip Suggestion: Visit a biology lab or a botanical garden to observe plant structures at
the cellular level.
DIFFERENTIATION BENCHMARK:
Special Needs: Provide labelled diagrams and allow hands-on interaction with cell models.
Assign peer support for activities.
Higher Achievers: Encourage advanced research on specialized cells (e.g., nerve cells, root
hair cells) and their functions.
Middle Achievers: Focus on identifying and explaining the basic differences between plant
and animal cells.
Progressives: Provide worksheets with matching activities for cell parts and functions.
TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION:
Pictorials: Display diagrams of plant and animal cells showing organelles.
Videos: Show animations comparing plant and animal cells and explaining their functions.
Experimentation: Guide students to examine plant (onion) and animal (cheek) cells under a
microscope.
Research: Assign students to find examples of the practical importance of cells in plants and
animals.
PowerPoint Presentation: Use slides to introduce the structure and functions of plant and
animal cells.
CONTENT:
Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. Both plants and animals are made up of
cells, but their structures differ because they perform different functions.
Plant cell
Plant cells are the basic units that make up plants. They are larger and have specific structures
that allow plants to carry out photosynthesis, grow, and maintain their shape.
The main parts of the plant cell include the cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, vacuole,
and chloroplasts.
Animal cell
Animal cells are the basic units that make up animals. They are typically smaller and more
flexible than plant cells because they do not have a rigid cell wall. The cell organelles are enclosed by
the plasma membrane including the cell nucleus. All animals are made of cells that make up their
body structure. The working together of all cells gives an animal its ability to move, to reproduce, to
respond to stimuli, to digest and absorb food, etc.
Similarities and differences between plant and animal cells
Both animal and plant cells are eukaryotic cells and have several similarities. The similarities
include:
1. Both have a nucleus that controls the activities of the cell.
2. Both have a cell membrane that regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
3. Both have mitochondria that produce energy for the cell.
4. Both have cytoplasm where chemical reactions occur.
5. Both have vacuoles, although they are larger in plant cells and smaller in animal cells.
Differences Between Plant and Animal Cells
Feature Plant Cell Animal Cell
Usually rectangular or square-shaped
Shape Irregular or round shape.
due to the cell wall.
Cell Wall Present; provides rigidity and strength. Absent
Chloroplasts Present; help in photosynthesis Absent
Vacuole One large central vacuole. Many small vacuoles.
Energy
Store energy as starch Store energy as glycogen
Storage
Commonly present; break
Lysosomes Rarely present
down waste
PRESENTATION OF CONTENT:
Teacher introduces the lesson by asking the students questions that would elicit their interest
Students watch a video introducing them to the basic parts of a cell.
Students identify the various cells, tissues, organs and system which make up the bodies of
plants and animals.
Teacher explains the topic based on the content of the lesson.
Students are given room to ask questions relevant to the lesson.
Teacher summarises the lesson by providing suitable answers to all the questions asked by the
students
EVALUATION:
Define cell
Compare the onion cell observed to that of a typical animal cell
Create a prepared slide that will be kept for future use.
ASSIGNMENT:
Draw and label diagrams of plant and animal cells, highlighting at least three differences.