SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

NAME : RAJARSHI BARMAN

CLASS : 10 SEC: B
ROLL NO. : 29

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 INTRODUCTION

In 1987,
the United
Nations
World

Commission on Environment And Development released the

report Our Common Future, commonly called the Brundtland
report.
Sustainable development is development that meets the
needs of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs. It contains two
key concepts within it:
• The concept of 'needs', in particular, the essential needs of
the world's poor, to which overriding priority should be given;
and
• The idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and
social organization on the environment's ability to meet
present and future needs.
Sustainable development was first institutionalized with the Rio
Process initiated at the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio DE Jeneiro. In
2015 the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted the

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Sustainable Development Goals(2015 to 2030) and explained
how the goals are integrated and indivisible to achieve
sustainable development at the global level. The UNGA's 17
goals address the global challenges, including poverty,
inequality peace, climate change, environmental degradation
and justice. Sustainable development is interlinked with the
normative concept of sustainability. UNESCO formulated a
distinction between the two concepts as follows:

"Sustainability is often thought of as a long-term goal (i.e.

a more sustainable world), while sustainable development
refers to the many processes and pathways to achieve it. The
concept of sustainable development has been criticized in
various ways. While some see it as paradoxical (or as an
oxymoron which is basically a grammatical poetic device) and
regard development as inherently unsustainable, others are
disappointed in the lack of progress that has been achieved so
far. Part of the problem is that "development" itself is not
consistently defined.

Sustainable development is an organizing

principal that aims to meet human development goals while
also enabling natural systems to provide necessary natural
resources and Eco system to humans. The desired result is a
society where living conditions and resources meet human
needs without undermining the planetary integrity and stability
of the natural system. Sustainable development tries to find a
balance between economic development , environmental
protection, and social well-being.
 (3)

The Brundtland report in 1987 defined sustainable development

as "development that meets the needs of the present
generation without compromising the

ability of future generations to meet their own needs".The

concept of sustainable development nowadays has a focus on
economic development , social development and
environmental protections for future upcoming generations.

Sustainable development, like sustainability, is regarded

to have three dimensions: the environment, economy and
society. The idea is that a good balance between the three
dimensions
should be
achieved.
Instead of
calling them
dimensions,
other terms
commonly
used are
pillars,
domains,
aspects, spheres. Countries could develop systems for
monitoring and evaluation of progress towards achieving
sustainable development by adopting indicators that measure
changes across economic, social and environmental
dimensions. The concept of sustainable development has been
and still is, subject to criticism, including the question of what is
to be sustained in sustainable development.
 (4)

It has been argued that there is no such thing as sustainable

use of a non renewable resources, since any positive rate of
exploitation will eventually lead to the exhaustion of earth's
finite stock;13 his perspective renders the industrial revolution
as a whole unsustainable.

The concept of sustainable development has been and still is,

subject to criticism, including the question of what is to be
sustained in sustainable development. It has been argued
that there is no such thing as sustainable use of a non-
renewable resources, since any positive rate of exploitation will
eventually lead to the exhaustion of earth's finite stock; this
perspective renders the Industrial revolution as a whole
unsustainable.
The sustainable development debate is based on the
assumption that societies need to manage three types of
capital (economic, social, and natural), which may be non-
sustainable and whose consumption might be irreversible.
Natural Capital can not necessarily be substituted by economic
capital. While it is possible that we can find ways to replace
some natural resources, it is much less likely that they will ever
be able to replace ecosystem services, such as the protection
provided by the ozone layer, or the climate stabilizing function
of the Amazonian forest. The concept of sustainable
development has been criticized from different angles. While
some see it as paradoxical (or an oxymoron) and regard
development as inherently unsustainable, others are
disappointed in the lack of progress that has been achieved so
far. Part of the problem is that "development" itself is not
consistently defined.
 (5)

Such a viewpoint contradicts the mainstream academic

community, which frequently concedes that the processes of
capitalism are incompatible with the long-term sustainability of
human life. A sustainable city is an urban center that improves
its environmental impact through urban planning and
management.
For the definition of an Eco-city, imagine a city with parks and
green spaces, solar-powered buildings, rooftop gardens, and
more pedestrians and bicycles than cars. This is not a futuristic
dream. Smart cities are actively moving towards greener urban
ecosystems and better environmental management.
Environmental sustainability concerns the natural environment
and how it endures and remains diverse and productive. Since
natural resources are derived from the environment, the state
of air, water, and climate is of particular concern.
Environmental sustainability requires society to design
activities to meet human needs while preserving the life
support systems of the planet. This, for example, entails using
water sustainably, using renewable energy and sustainable
material supplies (e.g. harvesting wood from forests at a rate
that maintains the biomass and biodiversity). Sustainability
requires that human activity only uses nature's resources at a
rate at which they can be replenished naturally. Theoretically,
the long-term result of environmental degradation is the
inability to sustain human life. Important operational principles
of sustainable development were published by Herman daily in
1990: renewable resources should provide a sustainable yield
(the rate of harvest should not exceed the rate of
regeneration).
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EVOLUTION CONCEPT

The definition of sustainability has always been discussed by

experts. In 1972, definitions stressed restrictions on ecological
systems, carrying out functions such as absorption and recycling
of waste of anthropocentric activities, with the concomitant
problems of improving social, educational, health, and
employment. In 1987, sustainable development was defined as
“development that meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own
needs.” In 2019, it was defined as satisfying the needs of current
and future generations, depending on appropriate circumstances
of human, natural, and economic capital to provide for human
welfare. The concept of sustainable development has become a
widely recognized goal for human society in the 21st century. The
idea of sustainable development came to light in 1987 with the
publication of “Our Common Future,” which firmly established
sustainable development as a critical component of international
development. Because inequalities that had been anomalies were
increasing within and among nations, increasing poverty,
especially in developing countries, depleting the ozone layer and
causing global warming, depleting natural resources and
endangering some species of animals and plants, and causing
water and air pollution, and so forth, sustainable development
came about as an effort to change the way of thinking about the
planet.
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Behind this lies the reason for why the concept of development is
now preferred instead of growth. Growth is believed to reflect
only a quantitative aspect of countries without considering other
qualitative items such as education, health, and equality. The
argument is that growth is a quantitative increase in physical
scale whereas development is qualitative improvement or the
unfolding of potentialities. This research analyzes why and how
the concept of sustainable development has emerged, how it
should be conceptualized, and what should be done to achieve it.
In addition, the idea of sustainable development was first thought
to be a strategy to against ecological disaster resulting from the
extreme commercial exploitation of sources and the deterioration
of the environment. The main awareness was to maintain an
exceptional environment. Today the idea has been extended. It is
has first-rate economic and social complexity. The evaluation of
financial techniques in many countries has proven that fast
financial growth precipitated critical issues from the viewpoint of
sustainable development consisting of social, economic and
environmental sustainability.

Sustainable development has

always been equity focused and considerate of how material
well-being for people across generations requires a healthy
natural environment and stable social and economic conditions .
Perhaps the most famous definition of sustainable development
was posed as
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"development that meets the needs of the present without

compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own
needs," which led to a focus on natural resource sustainability for
inter generational equity . The modern definition, as set out in the
UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), is captured in the
central vision of "leave
no one behind," which
considers historic and
contemporary
equity concerns to
eliminate discrimination
and exclusions and
promote the well-being
of the worst-off, while
protecting opportunities
for future generations .
Perhaps the most famous
definition of sustainable development was posed as "development
that meets the needs of the present without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their own needs," which led to
a focus on natural resource sustainability for inter generational
equity . The modern definition, as set out in the UN Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs), is captured in the central vision of
"leave no one behind,"
 (9)

which considers historic and contemporary equity concerns to

eliminate discrimination and exclusions and promote the well-being
of the worst-off, while protecting opportunities for future
generations . Although the SDGs are targets to be realized by
2030, there is continuous debate about how to reach them and
how to continuously improve beyond [Link] modern definition,
as set out in the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), is
captured in the central vision of "leave no one behind," which
considers historic and contemporary equity concerns to eliminate
discrimination and exclusions and promote the well-being of the
worst-off, while protecting opportunities for future generations .
Although the SDGs are targets to be realized by 2030, there is
continuous debate about how to reach them and how to
continuously improve beyond
2030.
Sustainable development can be defined as satisfying the needs
and demands of the current generation in such a way that it does
not affect the ability of the upcoming generations to meet their
own needs (Brundtland 1987). Sustainable development was first
believed to be a measure to be taken against the harmful
degradation of the environment but since then has evolved to
include the social and economic ideas of development and in
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today's date is more commonly known as the sustainable

development goals (SDGs) (Hajian and Kashani 2021).
Sustainable development goals are a group of 17 goals that
replace the millennium development goals (MDGs) and were
introduced by the United Nations in 2015 as a part of the 2030
agenda for sustainable development (Palmer 2015). They must
simultaneously meet the needs of tourists, tourism enterprises,
and the host community, as well as the need for environmental
protection. Second, sustainable development is a process that
allows for sustainable objectives to be pursued and achieved
without compromising the ability of future generations to satisfy
their own needs, as highlighted in the 1987 Brundtland Report
and discussed by Hajian and Kashani . According to Adelman
and Sharply , sustainable development "perpetuates instrumental
rationality, progress and economic growth and conceives nature
as capital". There is still a great deal to do in terms of the
communication of sustainability. If we assume the concept first
emerged in the late 1980s' (it appeared for the first time in 1987
in the Brundtland Report, also entitled "Our Common Future", and
signed by several countries for the UN , more than 30 years have
passed, but only younger generations (e.g., Gen Z) base their
decision-making on sustainability drivers. As discussed in this
paper, however, younger generations make sustainable choices in
sectors (like the one of fashion for instance different from the
one of energy consumption. ...
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ITS IMPORTANCE

Sustainable development is
working towards
development keeping in mind
the importance of being
responsible for the
environment we live in. The
basic idea of SUSTAINABLE
development is to work for
today while keeping in mind
the needs of tomorrow. The
importance of sustainable
development is that it meets the needs of the present
generations without compromising on the needs of the future
generations. Sustainable development teaches us to use our
resources in the right way. Listed below are some points that tell
us the importance of sustainable development-
Focuses on Sustainable Farming Methods – Sustainable
development is important as it takes care of the needs of future
generations and ensures that the growing population does not
burden Mother Earth. It promotes agricultural techniques such as
crop rotation and efficient seeding techniques.
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Manages to Stabilize the Climate – We are facing the problem of

climate change due to the excessive use of fossil fuels and the
killing of the natural habitat of animals. Sustainable development
plays a major role in preventing climate change through
sustainable development practices. It promotes reducing the use
of fossil fuels that release greenhouse gases that destroy the
atmosphere.
Provides for Vital human needs – Sustainable development
promotes the idea of saving for future generations and ensuring
that resources are allocated to all. It is based on the principle of
developing an infrastructure that can be sustained over a long
period of time.
Sustainable Biodiversity If the process of Sustainable
Development is followed, the homes and habitats of all other
living animals will not be lost. Since sustainable development
focuses on preserving the ecosystem, it automatically helps in
maintaining and protecting biodiversity.
Financial stability – As sustainable development promises
steady growth, the economies of countries can be strengthened
by using renewable sources of energy as compared to the use of
fossil fuels, of which there is only a particular amount on our
planet. Moreover Sustainable development is interlinked with
the normative concept of sustainability which is a long-term
goal. The sustainable development refers to a way of life to
achieve sustainability. Following are the different types of
sustainability

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The following points highlight the importance of

sustainable development:
•Sustainable development is important for ensuring
that our society does not run out of resources that are
vital for our survival. By undertaking processes that
promote sustainable development, human civilization
can survive for many years while utilizing resources.
•By choosing sustainable development, many issues
can be resolved. Economic issues such as poverty,
climatic issues such as changes in climate, disruption
of aquatic life, and emission of greenhouse gases can
be resolved.
•With the adoption of sustainable development, we will
be able to observe balance within the ecosystem as
nature takes its natural call.
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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
IN INDIA

Environmental impact, improving human health, creating jobs,

and promoting economic growth. In order to achieve these
benefits, we need to work together to create a more sustainable
world in which we can live peacefully and prosperously. that
sustainable development will have a profound impact on India’s
economy and society as a whole if left unattended. We need to
take steps to protect our environment and promote sustainable
development in order for India to reach its
full potential as a country. Sustainable development is the
concept that greater economic welfare and
environmental sustainability can be attained through a
collaborative,collaborative effort between different sectors of
society. This means that sustainable development requires the
concerted action of all individuals and organizations who are
endeavoring to improve the quality of life for all people in any
given area or region. The role of sustainable development in
India's economy is to ensure that resources are used efficiently
and fairly, that social stability is maintained, and that the
environment remains healthy.

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The role of sustainable development in India's society

is to promote the well-being of citizens by providing them with
access to education, health care, food production, housing, and
other basic needs. Finally, sustainable development in India's
environment is to protect the environment so as not to cause
future generations similar problems. It is important to
understand the basics of sustainable development before
beginning your journey into sustainability. In this section, you
will learn about the different types of sustainable development
and how to start living sustainably in India. In order to live
sustainably, you need to do a lot more than just save money and
reduce environmental impact. You also need to take actions
towards protecting the environment and creating a healthy
lifestyle for yourself and your loved ones. To get started, learn
about what you need and how you can begin living sustainably
in India. Sustainable Development is an important part of
India's overall development. By understanding and
implementing Sustainable Development policies,businesses can
have a positive impact on the country's economy, society, and
environment. There are a number of ways to get started in
Sustainable Development in India, depending on the level of
experience and knowledge you have. If you're interested in
starting a sustainable business in India,learning about how to do
it is key.

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The number of carbon credits issued for emission reduction projects

in India is set to triple to 246 million by December 2012 from 72
million in November 2009, according to a CRISIL Research study.
This will cement India's second position in the global carbon credits
market (technically called Certified Emission Reduction units or CERs).
The growth in CER issuance will be driven by capacity additions in the
renewable energy sector and by the eligibility of more renewable energy
projects to issue CERs. Consequently, the share of renewable energy
projects in Indian CERs will increase to 31 per cent.
CRISIL Research expects India's renewable energy capacity to increase
to 20,000 megawatt (MW) by December 2012, from the current 15,542
MW. The contribution of renewable energy to the power business in
India has now reached 70 per cent, compared to 10 per cent in 2000, in
terms of project numbers and dollar value, according to Anita George,
Regional Industry Director, Asia Infrastructure and Natural Resources,
International Finance Corporation (IFC). Growth in use of green
technologies has put India on the green-building leader board with
countries such as the US. "About 2-3 per cent of all construction in
India is green, as good as (in) the US. In the next two or three years, we
want to bring it up to 10 per cent, which will put us on top," as per the
Indian Green Building Council (IGBC). The US$ 1.79 billion Indian
lighting market is estimated to be growing at 18 per cent annually and
switching rapidly to energy-efficient systems. In value terms, about
US$ 425.58 million of the current market size belongs to the compact
fluorescent lamp (CFL), according to Electrical Lamp and Component
Manufacturers' Association of India (ELCOMA) statistics. On the back
of the incentive package for electric vehicles announced by the
Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, average monthly sales of
electric two-wheeler has risen 20 per cent, according to Sohinder Gill,
Director, Society of Manufacturers of Electric Vehicles.

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Backing the ‘polluter must pay’ principle to deal with the issue of
residual pollution, Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh has endorsed
proper enforcement of regulatory standards to prevent green damage.
He also inaugurated the 'Delhi Sustainable Development Summit'
(DSDS), organised by The Energy and Resource Institute (TERI), on
February 3, [Link] Aluminium Company Limited (NALCO),
the Navratna PSU, under the Union Ministry of Mines, Govt. of India,
has become the first PSU in the country by implementing a pilot-cum-
demonstration project on Carbon Sequestration in its captive power
plant at Angul. The project is expected to go a long way towards
addressing the issue of bringing down GHG, a NALCO spokesperson
said. Currently, India has 18,655 MW of installed renewable energy,
accounting for a total of 11 per cent of the total capacity of 168,954
MW. The target includes adding 20,000 MW of solar energy by 2022,
which would take the share of renewable energy in the total electricity
generation capacity of the country to 15 per cent, said Dr Arun Tripathi,
a director and a scientist at the ministry. He added that the Indian
government's goal is that renewable energy should account for 30 per
cent share of the total electricity capacity by 2032. India expects
investments to the tune of US$ 55 billion by 2015 in the
renewable energy sector which is expected to produce
35 giga watt (GW) of power, according to Mr Debashish
Majumdar, Chairman and Managing Director, Indian
Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd
(IREDA).According to a recent study on India
attractiveness survey by Ernst & Young, Foreign Direct
Investment (FDI) in Renewable Energy in India witnessed
a 105 per cent rise.

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Wind energy is the fastest growing renewable energy

sector and the FDI inflow in the sector has been
increasing over the years.
Private equity investment in renewable energy sector
picked up pace in the country from 2004. According to a
report by 3i Network – IDFC, from a private equity
investment of US$ 851 million in 2005, inflows into the
renewable sector in India soared to US$ 2,136 million in
2008. Separately, a study by the Word Resources Institute
recently estimated a renewable energy market of over
US$ 2 billion a year in India. Independent Power
Producers (IPPs) in this sector appear to provide
attractive investment opportunity for private equity funds
as a result of policy and regulatory developments such as
generation-based tariffs, renewable energy tariffs and the
national solar mission. Companies such as Auro Mira
Energy, Greenko, Orient Green Power and Green Infra
have been cited in the report as some of the IPPs which
received funding from investors such as IDFC PE, Axis PE,
 Baring PE and Global Environment Fund. With the
proposed commissioning of a 50 MW tidal power project
off the coast of Gujarat in 2013, India is ready to place its
first “seamark” that will be a first for Asia as well. London-
based marine energy developer Atlantis Resources
Corporation, along with Gujarat Power Corporation Ltd,
has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with
the Gujarat government to start this project.

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SDG INDEX SCORE OF

INDIAN STATES AND
UNION TERRITORIES

UNION TERRITORIES :

Sl UNION TERRITORIES SDG INDEX SCORE

No.
1. CHANDIGARH 79

2. DELHI 68

3. PUDUCHERRY 68
4. LAKSHADWEEP 68

5. ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS 67

6. JAMMU AND KASHMIR 66

7. LADAKH 66

8. DADAR AND NAGAR HAVELI & 62

DAMAN AND DIU

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STATES : (21)

SL NAME OF STATES SDG INDEX SCORE

NO.
1. KERALA 75

2. HIMACHAL PRADESH 74

3. TAMIL NADU 74

4. ANDHRA PRADESH 72

5. GOA 72

6. KARNATAKA 72

7. UTTARAKHAND 72
8. SIKKIM 71

9. MAHARASHTRA 70

10. GUJARAT 69

11. TELANGANA 69

12. MIZORAM 68

13. PUNJAB 68

14. HARYANA 67

15. TRIPURA 65

16. MANIPUR 64

17. MADHYA PRADESH 62

18. WEST BENGAL 62

19. CHATTISGARH 61

20. NAGALAND 61

21. ODISHA 61

22. ARUNACHAL PRADESH 60

23. MEGHALAYA 60
24. RJASTHAN 60

25. UTTAR PRADESH 60

26. ASSAM 57

27. JHARKHAND 56

28. BIHAR 52

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GOAL WISE TOP STATES

AN UNION TERRITORIES

1. NO POVERTY : TAMIL NADU, DELHI

2. ZERO HUNGER : KARNATAKA , CHANDIGARH

3. GOOD HEALTH AND WELL BEING : GUJARAT ,

DELHI
 4. QUALITY EDUCATION : KERALA,
CHANDIGARH

5. GENDER EQUALITY : CHATTISGARH,

ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS

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6. CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION : GOA ,

LAKSHADWEEP

7. AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY :

ANDHRA PRADESH, GOA, HARYANA,
HIMACHAL PRADESH, KARNATAKA, KERALA,
MAHARASHTRA, MIZORAM, PUNJAB, RAJASTHAN, SIKKIM,
TAMIL NADU, TELANGANA, UTTARAKHAND, ANDAMAN
AND NICOBAR ISLANDS, CHANDIGARH, DELHI, JAMMU AND
KASHMIR

8. DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH :

HIMACHAL PRADESH, CHANDIGARH
9. INDUSTRY, INNOVATION, INFRASTRUCTURE :
GUJARAT, DELHI

10. REDUCED INEQUALITY : MEGHALAYA,

CHANDIGARH

11. SUSTAINABLE CITIES & COMMUNICATIONS :

PUNJAB., CHANDIGARH

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12. RESPOSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND

PRODUCTION : TRIPIURA, JAMMU AND
KASHMIR, LADAKH

13. CLIMATE ACTION : ODISHA , ANDAMAN AND

NICOBAR ISLANDS

14. LIFE BELOW WATER : ODISHA

15. LIFE ON LAND : ARUNACHAL PRADESH,

CHANDIGARH
 16. PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG
STRONG INSTITUTIONS : UTTARAKHAND,
PUDUCHERRY

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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

IN ASSAM

ASSAM-2030 in light of SDGs' is the Vision of the Government

of Assam for a developed and prosperous state with happy,
healthy, cared-for and gainfully employed people. This will be
through achievement of the 17 Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations General
Assembly on 25 September 2015. The Government of Assam
is fully committed to the SDGs, and has decided to achieve all
the goals in Assam by 2030, though a major all-round
initiative. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with a
set of 17 intertwined goals and 169 targets to fulfill, is a
burning topic of the world now. Accepted and adopted as a part
of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in 2015, the
SDGs represent an ambition, a vision and a measure of
sustainable development. Put simply, it’s a target to achieve.
The North-Eastern state of Assam became the very first Indian
state to adopt the SDGs and set in motion a robust process to
implement them. First with the adoption of ‘Vision Assam
2030’ and later with “Assam 2030: Our Dream, Our
Commitment”, the Government of Assam tries to implement
the SDGs at the grassroots and localized level. This chapter
tries to assess the impact of the SDGs in Assam and also further
delves into the growing awareness, tries to evaluate the
performance of the SDGs and attempts to draw a road map to
improve the transparency of the local governmental activities in
implementing and achieving SDGs.

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Based on secondary data analysis, the performance of SDGs in

Assam is traced through the state-specific SDG indicators, SDG
India Index score, budgetary allocation, CSR, NFHS data and
so on. Sustainable development is the need of the hour for a
better and inclusive growth, and this necessitates the evaluation
of the SDGs, the rationality of adoption and the impact of the
SDGs at the local level, and effective monitoring. 2020, SDG
India index reported that country’s national
average went upto 66 while Assam’s score was still
hovering between 55-60, with just an improvement
of 2 score points from 2019. While it can be noticed
that the country’s average score managed to jump
six places from 2019 till 2020, on the other hand
Assam could only manage 2 score points (55-57)
from 2019 to 2020. However while comparing the
previous SDG report, Assam’s performance has
improved from aspirant category to performer
category in Goal 3, 11 and 13 but the state’s
performance in Goal 5 and 9 has shown no
improvement and remained at the aspirant
category. Moreover this year Assam’s overall
improvement was not satisfactory, infact Assam
has been ranked 3rd from below along with Bihar
and Jharkhand. With 11 out of 17 goals still remaining
in the aspirant and performer category, it will be a
daunting task for the state to achieve these goals
by 2030.

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INSTITUTIONAL CHANGES FOR

ACHIEVING THE GOALS
 IN ASSAM

The Transformation and Development Department (TDD) was

established in 2016, replacing the previous Department of
Planning. TDD is the nodal department for coordinating
activities within other departments for achieving the SDGs.
An SDG Strategy Support Group (SSSG) was set up to
support strategic thinking and integrated implementation, and
oversee SDG-related activities such as data collection and
analysis. SSSG is chaired by the Chief Secretary of the State
and is comprised of key state government ovials. Two new
centers were established in the Assam Administrative Sta
College – the Center for SDGs (CSDG) and the Center for
Innovation and Future Studies (CIFS). These centers were
instrumental for conceiving governance reforms needed to
realize the Assam 2030 vision. The government of Assam also
set up eight interdepartmental working groups to prepare
Strategy Paper and Action Plans (SPAPs) to achieve the
SDGs. The Center for SDGs organizes meetings of these
working groups. The Working Groups were set up to break
departmental silos and enable collaboration across
departments. Support was also provided by the UN system in
India, with sat working alongside state government ovials in
crafting the thematic SPAPs.

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 The SPAPs will provide thematic road maps on how to
proceed further: setting targets, identifying implementing and
supporting agencies, and identifying actions and solutions in a
holistic manner. The road maps are expected to lead to
thematic work plans. The government of Assam is also taking
action to ensure that scal resources are allocated to the SDGs,
and underpin this with high-level commitment. In February
2016, a committee of ministers of Assam (equivalent to a
cabinet) decided to redesign the budgetary process around the
SDGs and discussed new approaches to mobilizing resources
for the SDGs. In July 2016, the government released an SDG-
oriented outcome budget for the scal year 2016/17, the est in
India. They also did this in the following year for the 2017/18
budget. In addition, the government started additional
classication of its budget by regrouping financial resources by
activities and by SDG.

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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

 IN ANDHRA PRADESH

The state government has followed a step-by-

step process of adopting SDGs – including goal
setting, target prioritization, indicator selection,
scheme analysis, and developing a monitoring
system. The framework consisting of goals,
themes, targets, departments, strategies, and
indicators is the most important component of
the SDG mechanism the state has instituted. This
framework identifies the priorities and metrics to
measure progress. Andhra Pradesh has adopted
all 17 goals, as all of them are relevant to the
development agenda of the state. Actions on
some targets are designed to be taken at the
national or international level, and do not call for
any action at the sub-national level. 691 indicators
have been identified to monitor the progress
towards achieving the targets. Successful action
on SDGs at the national or sub-national level calls
for an “orchestra-tor” - a key actor within the
government who can take the lead in adoption of
SDGs, strategizing to achieve time-bound goals,
and periodic monitoring for reporting and course-
correction.

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For Andhra Pradesh, the Planning Department assumes this

responsibility. The organic link with the framework,
identification of concern areas and design of strategies, and real-
time progress reporting are undertaken by the APSDPS under
the Planning Department. The periodic data for SDG reporting
is obtained from all relevant line departments through the State
Indicator Monitoring Framework (SIF) managed by the
Planning Department/APSDPS. The Directorate of Economics
and Statistics (DES), an organization under the Planning
Department and the statistical arm of the state government, shall
be made responsible for collecting data on SDG indicators
which currently do not exist in the statistical system of the
government. The Planning Department also acts as a
coordinating entity within the state government by engaging
with other line departments on the issues pertaining to SDG goal
and target setting while also coordinating with the NITI Aayog.

Successful action on SDGs at the national or sub-

national level calls for an “orchestrator” - a key actor within
the government who can take the lead in adoption of SDGs,
strategizing to achieve time-bound goals, and periodic
monitoring for reporting and course-correction.

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INSTITUTIONAL CHANGES FOR

ACHIEVING THE GOALS
IN ANDHRA PRADESH

The state government has followed a step-by-step process of

adopting SDGs – including goal setting, target prioritization,
indicator selection, scheme analysis, and developing a
monitoring system. The framework consisting of goals,
themes, targets, departments, strategies, and indicators is the
most important component of the SDG mechanism the state
has instituted. This framework identifies the priorities and
metrics to measure progress. The State government is
working towards achieving all the 17 Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations (UN),
says State Planning Board Vice-Chairman Malladi Vishnu.
Andhra Pradesh has adopted all 17 goals, as all of them are
relevant to the development agenda of the state. Actions on
some targets are designed to be taken at the national or
international level, and do not call for any action at the sub-
national level. 691 indicators have been identified to monitor
the progress towards achieving the targets. For Andhra
Pradesh, the Planning Department assumes this
responsibility. The organic link with the framework,
identification of concern areas and design of strategies, and
real-time progress reporting are undertaken by the APSDPS
under the Planning Department.

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The periodic data for SDG reporting is obtained from all

relevant line departments through the State Indicator
Monitoring Framework (SIF) managed by the Planning
Department/APSDPS. Sustainable consumption On track
Active pollution monitoring by PCB, low levels of food
wastage also Sustainable production On track Conservation
of soil, water, forests, and irrigation and watershed
management are on track; action plan for reducing post-
harvest losses is in place . The Directorate of Economics and
Statistics (DES), an organization under the Planning
Department and the statistical arm of the state government,
shall be made responsible for collecting data on SDG
indicators which currently do not exist in the statistical
system of the government. The Planning Department also
acts as a coordinating entity within the state government by
engaging with other line departments on the issues pertaining
to SDG goal and target setting while also coordinating with
the NITI Aayog. The achievement of SDG targets depends
principally on the successful implementation of government
schemes and programmes. A mapping exercise was
conducted where all the Navaratnalu schemes were mapped
to the corresponding SDG goals and related indicators. This
helps in identifying the areas where government efforts
towards achievement of SDG targets remained sufficient,
inadequate or non-existing and thus serve as the basis for
aligning the SDG mandate with the state schemes and
programmes.

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