IIJai gurudevl I

SRI SRI RAVISHANKAR VIDYA MANDIR, Bangalore North

AVALOKANA & QUESTION BANK (2025-26)
Subject: Mathematics Class: X Date: 01-07-2025
Name of the Chapter: ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION [ Weightage: 8 marks]
"

ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION
A succession of numbers or terms arranged according to some rule is called a sequence/
progression.
An AP is a list of numbers in which each tern1 is obtained by adding a fixed number d to the
preceding term except the first term a. This fixed number is called the common difference of the
AP, which can be positive, negative or zero.
The general form of an AP is a , a + d, a + 2d , a + 3d, ................. .
The sequence a 1 , a 2 , a 3 ..................... an is an AP of n terms with common difference d,
Iff an - an-l = an-1 - an-z = ••• ......... = a2 - a1 =d
n th TERM OF AN AP
The n th term an of an AP is an = a+ (n - l)d where a is the first term, dis the con1mon
difference and n is the numer of terms.
d = lln+1 - an
. The n th term from the end of a finite AP

If there are n terms in an AP, the n th term is known as last term of an AP and it is denoted by
l ,which is given by the formula l = a + (n - l)d
Note:

• For an AP ln = a+ (n - l)d
=> if d > 0 , the AP is increasing.
if d < 0, the AP is decreasing
if d = 0, all the terms of the AP are same
• If three terms a ,band Care in AP, then b - a= c - b Or
• 2b =a+ c or
• b = c+a
2

• Note that b is known as arithmetic mean of a and b.

The n th TERM FROM THE END OF AN AP

an == l - (n - l)d
If l is the last term of the AP, then n th tern1s fron1 the end of the AP
 SELECTION OF TERMS IN AN AP/ THREE OR MORE TERMS IN AP
Common difference
CONSECUTIVE Terms
d
3 numbers in AP as (a - d), a, (a+ d)
2d
4 numbers in AP as (a - 3d), (a - d), (a+ d)., (a+ 3d)
d
5 numbers in AP as (a - 2d), (a - d), a, (a+ d), (a+ 2d)
2d
6 numbers in AP as (a -Sd), ( a-3d), (a - d), (a+ d), ( a +3 d), (a+ Sd)

SUM OF FIRST n TERMS OF AN AP

If first term of an AP be a and its common difference is d, then the sum Sn, of the first n terms of an
AP is given by

Sn = ~2 [2a + (n - l)d] or Sn = 2n (a+ an) where '1n = nth term of the AP

If Lis the last term of an AP of n terms, then the sum of all n terms can also be given by
Sn=; (a+ l)
.. . . . b S n ( n +1 )
Th e sum of fi1rst n pos1t1ve integers 1s given y n = 2

To find n th term from the sum of n terms of an AP:

th
If Sn is the sum of the first n terms of an AP, then its n is given by an = Sn - Sn-i

QUESTION BANK
1. The common difference of AP in which a 15 - a 11 is 'I\ ~
a) 12 b) 16 c)-12 d)-16

2. Which term of the AP -29, -26, -23, ........ 61 is 16?

a) 11 th b) 16 th c) 10 th d) 31 st
•
3. The common difference of an AP in which a 20 - a 15 = 20 is
a) 4 b) 5 c) 4d d) Sd
4. The n th term of the AP a ,3a, Sa, ............. is
a)na b) (Zn - l)a c) (2n + l)a d) 2na

5. If p - 1 , p + 1 , and 2p + 3 are in AP,then the value of p is

a)-2 b) 4 c) 0 d) 2
. 1 1-P 1-2P .
6. The common difference of an AP -p , - p , - p
............. .......... 1s
1
a) 1 b) 2. c) -1 d) - -p
p

7. Find a and b so that the numbers a, 7, b, 23 are in AP.

8. The value of x for which 2x, (x + lO)and (3x + 2) are the three consecutive terms of an
AP is
a) 6 b)-6 c)18 d) -189.
 th
9. n term of an AP is 7n + 4. The common difference is
a) 7n b) 4 c) 7 d) 1
10. The common difference of the AP 1
1 4
, - x, i-sx ..... is:
2 x 2x 2x
a) -2x b) -2 c) 2 d)2x
11. If a, b and c form an AP with common difference d, then the value of a - 2b - c is equal
to:
a) 2a + 4d b) 0 c) -2a - 4d d) -2a - 3d
12. The first term of an AP id p and the common difference is q, then its 10 term is: t h

a) q+9p b)p-9q c) p + 9q d) 2p + 9q
13. The n th term of the AP a, 3a, Sa ...........is:
a) na b) (2n - l)a c) (2n + l)a d) 2na
14. Show that (a - b) 2 , (a 2

+b 2

) and (a+ b) 2 are in AP.

15. For what value of 'n', are there n th terms of the APs: 9, 7, 5 ........ and 15, 12, 9 ......... the
same?(Ans:n = 7)
16. How many natural numbers are there between 1 and 1000 which are divisible by 5 but
not by 2? (Ans: n = 100)
17. Divide 56 in four parts in AP such that the ratio of the product of their extremes (1 st and
4 to the product of means (2 and 3 is 5: 6 (Ans: a= 14 , d = +2, AP =?)
t h

)
n d
r d

11 1 49
18. Which term of the AP - , -3, - .............. ...... is ?
2 2 2
19. If k + 1, 3k , 4k + 2 be any three consecutive terms of an AP, find the value of three
consecutive terms of an AP, find the value of k. (Ans:k = 3)
20. Find a, band c such that the following numbers are in AP: a, 7, b, 23, c (Ans: a= -1,
b = 15 and c = 31)
21. If the sum of first m terms of an AP is same as sum of its n terms (m * n ), then show that
the sum of its first (m + n) terms is zero.
~- If the sum of the first m terms of AP be n and the sum of its first n terms be m, then show
that the sum of its first (m + n) tern1s is - (m + n).
23. If the sum of first n, 2n, 3n terms of an AP are S1 , S2 , S3 ,respectively, show that
S3 = 3(S2 - S1)
24. The sum of first n terms of three AP's are S , S2 , S3 . The first ter1n of each AP is unity aTTtl
1

their common difference are 1 ,2 and 3 resp. prove that S1 + S2 = 2S2

25. If the p th term of the AP is 1 and q th term is 1 , prove that the sum of first pq tern1 s of th e
q p

AP IS
• (pq+l)
-- .
2
 26. Show that the sum of all tern1s of an AP whose first term is a, the second term is band
. . l S ( a+c) (b +c-2a)
the last term 1s c 1s equa to = Z(b-a)

2 7_ The sum of the first three numbers are in AP is 18. If the product of the first and the third
term is 5 times the commbn difference, find three numbers.
th th
28. The ratio of the 11 term to 17 term of an AP is 3:4. Find the ratio of 5 th term to 21st
/ . term~f the same AP. Also find ratio of the sum offirst 5 terms to that of 21 terms. 1.0S-: at t
~'· ~ 29. The sum of first and eighth term of an AP is 32 and their product is 60. Find the first term
and common difference of the AP. Hence, also find the sum of its first 20 terms.
(a = 2, d = 30, S2 0 = 800, S20 = -1600)
30. In an AP, the sum of three consecutive terms is 24 and the sum of their squares is 194.
Find the numbers.
31. The sum of four cons~cutive numbers in AP is 32 and the ratio of the product of the first
and last terms to the middle terms is 7:15. Find the numbers.
32. Solve 1 + 4 + 7 + 10 + ............ + x = 287
33. Fi·nd the sum of all two digit numbers which when divided by 3 yield 1 as remainder.
34. Find the sum of all three digit numbers which leave remainder 3 when divided by 5.
35. The sum of first n terms of an AP is given by Sn = 2n 2 + 3n. Find the sixteenth term of
the AP
e· Find the sum of all 11 terms of AP. whose middle term is 30