Complex Numbers: Operations and Properties
Uploaded by
autocorrectsuckstbhlmaoComplex Numbers: Operations and Properties
Uploaded by
autocorrectsuckstbhlmaoComplex Numbers 49
(a) 2 i (b) 1
(c) 3 (d) 1
200
12. If i 2 1 , then the value of i
n 1
n
is [MP PET 1996]
(a) 50 (b) – 50
(c) 0 (d) 100
Integral power of iota, Algebraic operations 13
and Equality of complex numbers 13. The value of the sum (i
n 1
n
in 1 ) , where i 1 ,
equals
1. 2 3 [Roorkee 1978] [IIT 1998]
(a) i (b) i 1
(a) 6 (b) 6
(c) i (d) 0
(c) i 6 (d) None of these 14. The least positive integer n which will reduce
2. If n is a positive integer, then which of the i1
n
following relations is false to a real number, is [Roork
i1
(a) i4 n 1 (b) i4 n 1 i (a) 2 (b) 3
4 n 1
(c) i i (d) i4 n 1 (c) 4 (d) 5
1i
4 n 1
15. The value of i1 3 5 ... ( 2 n 1) is [AMU 1
3. If n is a positive integer, then =
1i (a) i if n is even, – i if n is odd
(b) 1 if n is even, – 1 if n is odd
(a) 1 (b) – 1
(c) 1 if n is odd, – 1 if n is even
(c) i (d) i
(d) i if n is even, – 1 if n is odd
m
1i 1
4. If 1, then the least integral value of m is 16. If x 2 cos , then x is equal to [RPET 2001]
1i x
[IIT 1982; MNR 1984; UPSEAT 2001; MP PET 2002] (a) cos i sin (b) cos i sin
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) cos i sin (d) sin i cos
(c) 8 (d) None of these
n 1 n2
17. The value of i in
i i n 3 , (n N ) is [RPET 2001]
5. If (1 i)n 2 n , then n [RPET 1990]
(a) 1 (b) 0 (a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) None of these
(c) 1 (d) None of these
18. The value of (1 i)8 (1 i)8 is [RPET 2001; KCET
6. The value of (1 i)5 (1 i)5 is [Karnataka CET 1992]
2001]
(a) – 8 (b) 8 i (a) 16 (b) – 16
(c) 8 (d) 32 (c) 32 (d) – 32
2 2
1 i 1i 19. (1 i)10 , where i 2 1, is equal to [AMU 2001]
7. is equal to
1 i 1i (a) 32 i (b) 64 + i
(a) 2i (b) 2i (c) 24 i – 32 (d) None of these
(c) 2 (d) 2 20. The value of (1 i)6 (1 i)6 is [RPET
i 592 i 590 i 588 i 586 i 584 (a) 0 (b) 2
7
8. The value of 1
i 582 i 580 i 578 i 576 i 574 (c) 26 (d) None of these
(a) 1 (b) – 2 21. If i2 1 , then sum i i2 i3 ... to 1000 terms is
(c) 3 (d) – 4 equal to
9. 1 i 2 i 4 i 6 ..... i 2 n is [EAMCET 1980] [Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
(a) 1 (b) – 1
(a) Positive (b) Negative
(c) i (d) 0
(c) Zero (d) Cannot be
determined 22. If x 3 i , then x 3 3 x 2 8 x 15 [UPSEAT 2003]
2 4 6
(a) 6 (b) 10
10. i i i ...... upto (2n 1) terms = (c) – 18 (d) – 15
[EAMCET 1980; Kerala (Engg.) 2005] 23. The smallest positive integer n for which
(a) i (b) i (1 i)2 n (1 i)2 n is
(c) 1 (d) 1 [Karnataka CET 2004]
11. If i 1 , then 1 i 2 i 3 i 6 i 8 is equal to [RPET (a) 1 (b) 2
1995] (c) 3 (d) 4
50 Complex Numbers
24. The values of x and y satisfying the equation
(c) n (d) None of these
(1 i)x 2i (2 3 i) y i 3
i are [IIT 1980; MNR 1987]
3i 3 i [Where n is an integer]
(a) x 1, y 3 (b) x 3, y 1 35. The real part of (1 cos 2i sin )1 is [IIT 1978, 86]
(c) x 0, y 1 (d) x 1, y 0 1 1
(a) (b)
25. If z1 and z2 be two complex number, then 3 5 cos 5 3 cos
Re (z1 z 2 ) 1 1
(c) (d)
3 5 cos 5 3 cos
(a) Re (z1 ). Re( z 2 ) (b) Re (z1 ) . Im (z 2 )
x y
(c) Im (z1 ). Re (z 2 ) (d) None of these 36. If ( x iy)1 / 3 a ib, then is equal to
a b
1 3 3 4i [IT 1982; Karnataka CET 2000]
26.
1 2i 1 i 2 4 i 2
(a) 4 (a b ) 2
(b) 4 (a 2 b 2 )
[Roorkee 1979; RPET 1999; Pb. CET 2003]
1 9 1 9 (c) 4 (b 2 a 2 ) (d) None of these
(a) i (b) i 2
2 2 2 2 2i
37. [BIT Ranchi 1992]
1 9 1 9 1 i
(c) i (d) i
4 4 4 4 (a) 1 (b) 2i
27. Additive inverse of 1 i is (c) 1 i (d) 1 2i
(a) 0 0 i (b) 1 i 38. The real values of x and y for which the equation
(c) 1 i (d) None of these
is ( x iy) (2 3 i) = 4 i is satisfied, are [Roork
(1 i)2
28. Re = 5 8 8 5
3i (a) x ,y (b) x ,y
13 13 13 13
(a) 1 / 5 (b) 1/5
5 14
(c) 1/10 (d) –1/10 (c) x ,y (d) None of these
13 13
29. If (1 i)x (1 i)y 1 3 i, then ( x , y )
39. The real values of x and y for which the
(a) (2,1) (b) (2, 1)
4 2
equation ( x 2 xi) (3 x yi) (3 5 i) (1 2 yi) is
(c) (2, 1) (d) (2, 1)
satisfied, are
3 2i sin
30. will be real, if = [IIT 1976; EAMCET [Roorkee 1984]
1 2 i sin
1
2002] (a) x 2, y 3 (b) x 2, y
3
(a) 2n (b) n (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
2
(c) n (d) None of these (1 i)2
40. The imaginary part of is
[Where n is an integer] (2 i)
5 12 i 5 12 i 1 3
31. (a) (b)
5 12 i 5 12 i 5 5
3 3 4
(a) i (b) i (c) (d) None of these
2 2 5
3 3 41. If z 0 is a complex number, then
(c) (d)
2 2 (a) Re(z) 0 Im(z 2 ) 0 (b) Re(z 2 ) 0 Im(z 2 ) 0
32. If z and z are complex numbers such that z .z ' z ,
(c) Re( z ) 0 Re( z 2 ) 0 (d) None of these
then z '
(a) 0 i 0 (b) 1 0i 5(8 6 i)
42. If a ib , then (a, b ) equals [RPET 1986]
(c) 0 i (d) 1 i (1 i)2
2 2 1 b ia (a) (15, 20) (b) (20, 15)
33. If a b 1, then
1 b ia (c) (15 , 20 ) (d) None of these
(a) 1 (b) 2 43. The true statement is [Roorkee 1989]
(c) b ia (d) a ib (a) 1 i 1 i (b) 2i 1 2i 1
3 2i sin (c) 2i 1 (d) None of these
34. will be purely imaginary, if
1 2 i sin 1 2i 4 i
44. [RPET 1987]
[IIT 1976; Pb. CET 2003] 2 i 3 2i
(a) 2n (b) n
3 3
Complex Numbers 51
24 10 24 10 (cos x i sin x )(cos y i sin y )
(a) i (b) i 55. A iB form of is
13 13 13 13 (cot u i)(1 i tan v )
10 24 10 24 [Roorkee 1980]
(c) i (d) i
13 13 13 13 (a) sin u cos v [cos( x y u v ) i sin( x y u v )]
45. a ib c id can be explained only when (b) sin u cos v [cos( x y u v) i sin( x y u v )]
(a) b 0 , c 0 (b) b 0 , d 0 (c) sin u cos v [cos( x y u v) i sin( x y u v )]
(c) a 0, c 0 (d) a 0 , d 0
(d) None of these
3 56. If x , y R and ( x iy)(3 2i) 1 i , then ( x , y ) is
46. If x iy , then x 2 y 2 is equal to
2 cos i sin
1 1 1
(a) 3 x 4 (b) 4 x 3 (a) 1, (b) ,
5 13 13
(c) 4 x 3 (d) None of these
5 1 1 1
( p i)2 (c) , (d) ,
47. If i , then 2 2 is equal to 13 13 5 5
2p i
100
( p 2 1)2 ( p 2 1)2 1 i
(a) (b) 57. If a ib , then [MP PET 1998]
4 p2 1 4 p2 1 1i
(a) a 2, b 1 (b) a 1, b 0
( p 2 1)2 ( p 2 1)2
(c) (d) (c) a 0, b 1 (d) a 1, b 2
4 p2 1 4 p2 1
z1
48. If z 3 4 i , then z 4 3 z 3 3 z 2 99 z 95 is equal to 58. If z 1 (4 ,5 ) and z 2 (3, 2) then equals[RPET 1996]
z2
(a) 5 (b) 6
23 2 2 23
(c) – 5 (d) – 4 (a) , (b) ,
12 13 13 13
z z
49. If z1 1 i and z 2 2 4 i , then Im 1 2
2 23 2 23
z1 (c) , (d) ,
13 13 13 13
(a) 1 (b) 2 2
59. If z 1 i, then the multiplicative inverse of z is
(c) 3 (d) 4
3 x 2iy 15 (where i = 1 ) [Karnataka CET 1999]
50. If , then
5i 2 8 x 3 iy (a) 2 i (b) 1 – i
(c) – i/2 (d) i/2
(a) x 1, y 3
6 i 3i 1
(b) x 1, y 3
60. If 4 3 i 1 = x iy , then (x, y) is[MP PET 2000]
(c) x 1, y 3
20 3 i
(d) x 1, y 3 or x 1, y 3
100
(a) (3, 1) (b) (1, 3)
(c) (0, 3) (d) (0, 0)
51. If k 0
i k x iy , then the values of x and y are
1a
61. If a cos i sin , then [Karna
(a) x 1, y 0 (b) x 1, y 1 1a
(c) x 1, y 0 (d) x 0, y 1
(a) cot (b) cot
1 iz 2
52. If z (1 a) b ic and a 2 b 2 c 2 1 , then
1 iz (c) i cot (d) i tan
2 2
a ib b ic
(a) (b) 62. Solving 3 2 yi 9 x 7 i , where i2 1, for x and y
1c 1a
a ic real, we get [AMU 2000]
(c) (d) None of these (a) x 0 . 5 , y 3 . 5 (b) x 5 , y 3
1b
53. Let z 1 , z 2 be two complex numbers such that 1 3 7i
(c) x , y 7 (d) x 0, y
z 1 z 2 and z 1 z 2 both are real, then 2
[RPET 1996] 2i
(a) z 1 z 2 (b) z1 z 2 1 2i
63. The complex number lies in which quadrant
1i
(c) z 1 z 2 (d) z 1 z 2
of the complex plane [MP PET 2001]
2 2
54. If ( x iy)( p iq) (x y )i , then (a) First (b) Second
(a) p x , q y (b) p x 2 , q y 2 (c) Third (d) Fourth
1
(c) x q, y p (d) None of these 64. The real part of is equal to
1 cos i sin
[Karnataka CET 2001, 05]
52 Complex Numbers
(a) 1/4 (b) 1/2 8. The values of x and y for which the numbers
(c) tan /2 (d) 1/1– cos 3 ix 2 y and x 2 y 4 i are conjugate complex can
65. The statement (a ib) (c id) is true for [RPET 2002] be
(a) a 2 b 2 0 (b) b 2 c 2 0 (a) (2,1) or (2,1) (b) (1, 2) or (2, 1)
2
(c) a c 02
(d) b 2 d 2 0 (c) (1, 2) or (1, 2) (d) None of these
66. The multiplication inverse of a number is the 2 5i
9. The conjugate of the complex number is
number itself, then its initial value is [RPET 2003] 4 3i
(a) i (b) – 1 [MP PET 1994]
(c) 2 (d) – i 7 26 i 7 26 i
(a) (b)
x y 25 25
1/3
67. If z x iy, z a ib and k (a 2 b 2 ) then 7 26 i 7 26 i
a b (c) (d)
value of k equals [DCE 2005] 25 25
10. (z a)(z a) , where a is real, is equivalent to
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 6 (d) 1 (a) | z a | (b) z 2 a 2
(c) | z a | 2 (d) None of these
Conjugate, Modulus and Argument of z i
11. If (z i) is a purely imaginary number, then
complex numbers zi
z.z is equal to
1. The complex numbers sin x i cos 2 x and (a) 0 (b) 1
cos x i sin 2 x are conjugate to each other for [IIT
(c)1988]
2 (d) None of these
1 ci
(a) x n (b) x n 12. If a ib , where a, b, c are real, then a 2 b 2
2 ci
(c) x 0 (d) No value of x [MP PET 1996]
(a) 1 (b) 1
2. If z is a complex number, then (z 1 )(z )
(c) c 2 (d) c 2
(a) 1 (b) –1 13. If the conjugate of ( x iy)(1 2i) be 1 i , then
(c) 0 (d) None of these [MP PET 1996]
3. If z is a complex number such that z 2 (z )2 , then 1 3
(a) x (b) y
(a) z is purely real 5 5
(b) z is purely imaginary 1i 1i
(c) x iy (d) x iy
(c) Either z is purely real or purely imaginary 1 2i 1 2i
(d) None of these (2 i)2
14. The conjugate of , in the form of a + ib, is
4. If z is a complex number, then z . z 0 if and only 3 i
[Karnataka CET 2001; Pb. CET 2001]
if
13 15 13 15
(a) z 0 (b) Re( z ) 0 (a) i (b) i
2 2 10 2
(c) Im (z ) 0 (d) None of these
13 9 13 9
5. If (a ib)(c id)(e if )(g ih) A iB, then (c) i (d) i
10 10 10 10
(a 2 b 2 )(c 2 d 2 )(e 2 f 2 )(g 2 h 2 ) = [MNR 1989]
15. If z 3 5 i, then z 3 z 198 [EAMCET 2002]
(a) A 2 B 2 (b) A 2 B 2
(a) 3 5i (b) 3 5 i
(c) A 2 (d) B 2 (c) 3 5 i (d) 3 5 i
6. The number of solutions of the equation z 2 z 0 2 3i
is 16. The conjugate of complex number , is [MP PET 2003]
4 i
(a) 1 (b) 2
3i 11 10 i
(c) 3 (d) 4 (a) (b)
4 17
7. For the complex number z , one from z z and
11 10 i 2 3i
z z is (c) (d)
17 4i
[RPET 1987]
17. Conjugate of 1 + i is [RPET 2003]
(a) A real number
(a) i (b) 1
(b) A imaginary number
(c) 1 – i (d) 1 + i
(c) Both are real numbers
18. The inequality | z 4 | | z 2 | represents the region
(d) Both are imaginary numbers
given by [IIT
1982; RPET 1995; AIEEE 2002]
Complex Numbers 53
(a) Re( z ) 0 (b) Re( z ) 0 (a) Unit modulus (b) Less than unit
(c) Re( z ) 2 (d) None of these modulus
(c) Greater than unit modulus (d) None o
2 z1 z z
19. If is a purely imaginary number, then 1 2 29. Let z be a complex number, then the equation
3 z2 z1 z 2
z 4 z 2 0 cannot have a root, such that
= (a) | z | 1 (b) | z | 1
[MP PET 1993]
(c) | z | 1 (d) None of these
(a) 3/2 (b) 1
(c) 2/3 (d) 4/9 30. If | z1 | | z 2 | .......... | z n | 1, then the value of
20. If z1 and z 2 are any two complex numbers then | z1 z 2 z 3 .......... ... z n | =
| z1 z 2 | 2 | z1 z 2 | 2 is equal to [MP PET 1993; RPET 1997] (a) 1 (b) | z1 | | z 2 | ....... | z n |
2
(a) 2 | z1 | | z 2 | 2 2
(b) 2 | z1 | 2 | z 2 | 2 1 1 1
(c) ......... (d) None of these
2 2 z1 z 2 zn
(c) | z1 | | z 2 | (d) 2 | z1 | | z 2 |
1
z 1 31. For any complex number z , z if and only if
21. If z is a complex number such that is purely z
z 1
imaginary, then [RPET
[MP 1985]2002]
PET 1998,
(a) | z | 0 (b) | z | 1 (a) z is a pure real number
(b) | z | 1
(c) | z | 1 (d) | z | 1
(c) z is a pure imaginary number
22. If z is a complex number, then which of the (d) z 1
following is not true [MP PET 1987]
32. If z 1 and z 2 are two complex numbers, then
(a) | z 2 | | z | 2 (b) | z 2 | | z | 2
| z 1 z 2 | is
(c) z z (d) z 2 z 2 [MP PET 1994]
23. The maximum value of | z | where z satisfies the (a) | z 1 | | z 2 | (b) | z 1 | | z 2 |
2 (c) | z 1 | | z 2 | (d) | z 2 | | z 1 |
condition z 2 is
z 33. The values of z for which | z i | | z i | are
(a) 3 1 (b) 3 1 [Bihar CEE 1994]
(c) 3 (d) 2 3 (a) Any real number (b) Any complex number
24. If z1 and z 2 are two complex numbers satisfying (c) Any natural number (d) None of these
34. The value of | z 5 | if z x iy , is [RPET 1995]
z1 z 2 z
the equation =1, then 1 is a number
z1 z 2 z2 (a) (x 5) 2 y 2 (b) x 2 (y 5 ) 2
which is
(c) (x y) 2 5 2 (d) x 2 (y 5 ) 2
(a) Positive real (b) Negative real
(c) Zero or purely imaginary(d) None of these (2 i)
35. (1 i) [MP PET 1995, 99]
25. The solution of the equation | z | z 1 2i is[MP PET 1993] (3 i)
3 3 1 1
(a) 2 i (b)
2i (a) (b)
2 2 2 2
3 3 (c) 1 (d) 1
(c) 2i (d) 2 i
2 2 36. If z 1 , z 2 are two complex numbers such that
26. If z 1 and z 2 be complex numbers such that z1 z 2
z1 z 2
and | z1 | | z 2 | . If z1 has positive real part and z 2 1 and iz 1 kz 2 , where k R , then the
z1 z 2
(z1 z 2 )
has negative imaginary part, then may be[IIT 1986] angle between z 1 z 2 and z 1 z 2 is
(z1 z 2 )
2k 2k
(a) Purely imaginary (b) Real and positive (a) tan 1 2 (b) tan 1 2
(c) Real and negative (d) None of these k 1 1 k
27. The moduli of two complex numbers are less than (c) – 2 tan 1 k (d) 2 tan 1 k
unity, then the modulus of the sum of these 37. Let z be a complex number (not lying on X-axis of
complex numbers 1
maximum modulus such that z 1 . Then
(a) Less than unity (b) Greater than unity z
(c) Equal to unity (d) Any (a) Im( z ) 0 (b) Re( z ) 0
28. The product of two complex numbers each of unit
(c) amp (z ) (d) None of these
modulus is also a complex number, of
54 Complex Numbers
38. If z1, z2 are any two complex numbers, then 5 5
(a) tan 1 (b) tan 1
| z1 z 12 z 22 | | z1 z12 z 22 | is equal to 3 3
(a) | z 1 | (b) | z 2 | 3 3
(c) tan 1 (d) tan 1
(c) | z1 z 2 | (d) | z1 z 2 | | z1 z 2 | 5 5
1 1 1i
39. (z 1 z 2 ) z 1 z 2 (z 1 z 2 ) z 1 z 2 = 48. Argument and modulus of are respectively
2 2 1i
(a) | z 1 z 2 | (b) | z 1 z 2 | [RPET 1984; MP PET 1987; Karnataka CET 2001]
(c) | z 1 | | z 2 | (d) | z 1 | | z 2 | (a) and 1 and 2 (b)
2 2
3 2i
40. Modulus of is [RPET 1996] (c) 0 and 2 (d) and 1
3 2i 2
(a) 1 (b) 1/2 49. If z be the conjugate of the complex number z ,
(c) 2 (d) 2 then which of the following relations is false[MP PET 1987]
(a) | z | | z | (b) z . z | z | 2
z 1
41. If | z | 1, (z 1) and z x iy, then is
z 1 (c) z 1 z 2 z 1 z 2 (d) arg z arg z
[RPET 1997] 5
50. If | z | 4 and arg z , then z = [MP PET 1987]
(a) Purely real (b) Purely imaginary 6
(c) Zero (d) Undefined (a) 2 3 2i (b) 2 3 2i
42. The minimum value of | 2 z 1 | | 3 z 2 | is[RPET 1997]
(c) 2 3 2 i (d) 3 i
(a) 0 (b) 1 / 2
1i 3
(c) 1 / 3 (d) 2/3 51. If z , then arg(z ) [Roorkee 1990; UPSEAT
1i 3
z 1
43. If | z | 1 and (where z 1) , then Re( ) 2004]
z 1
(a) 60 o (b) 120 o
is
[IIT Screening 2003] (c) 240 o (d) 300 o
1 52. If arg (z ) , then arg (z ) [MP PE
(a) 0 (b)
| z 1| 2 (a) (b)
z 1 2 (c) (d)
(c) . (d) 53. The amplitude of the complex number
z 1 | z 1| 2 | z 1| 2
z sin i(1 cos ) is
44. A real value of x will satisfy the equation
3 4 ix (a) 2 sin (b)
i ( , real), if [Orissa JEE 2003]
2 2
3 4 ix
(c) (d) None of these
(a) 2 2 1 (b) 2 2 1
1 3i
(c) 2 2 1 (d) 2 2 2 54. The amplitude of is
3 1
45. Let z 1 be a complex number with | z 1 | 1 and z 2 be
[Karnataka CET 1992; Pb CET 2001]
z z
any complex number, then 1 2 [Orissa JEE 2004] (a) (b)
1 z1 z 2 3 3
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) (d)
(c) – 1 (d) 2 6 6
46. If z1 and z 2 are two non-zero complex numbers
55. The argument of the complex number 1 i 3 is
such that | z1 z 2 | | z1 | | z 2 |, then arg (z1 ) arg (z 2 )
[MP PET 1994]
is equal to
(a) 60 o (b) 60 o
[IIT 1979, 1987; EAMCET 1986;
RPET 1997; MP PET 2001; AIEEE 2005] (c) 120 o (d) 120 o
3 i 3 i
(a) (b) 56. arg is equal to
2 2 i 2 i
(c) (d) 0 (a) (b)
2 2 2
47. arg (5 3 i)
(c) 0 (d)
4
Complex Numbers 55
57. If z1 .z 2 ........ z n z , then arg z1 arg z 2 .... + arg z n and (a) 0 (b) 2 amp (z )
arg z differ by a (c) (d)
67. If z 1 cos i sin , then amp z =
(a) Multiple of (b) Multiple of
2
(c) Greater than (d) Less than (a) (b)
2 2
58. Let z be a purely imaginary number such that
Im (z ) 0 . Then arg(z ) is equal to (c) (d)
2 2 2 2
(a) (b) z
2 68. If z 1 , z 2 C , then amp 1
z2
(c) 0 (d)
2 (a) amp (z1 z 2 ) (b) amp (z 1 z 2 )
59. Let z be a purely imaginary number such that
z z
Im(z ) 0 . Then arg (z ) is equal to (c) amp 2 (d) amp 1
z1 z2
(a) (b) 13 5 i
2 69. The argument of the complex number is
4 9i
(c) 0 (d)
2 [MP PET 1997]
60. If z is a purely real number such that Re( z ) 0 ,
(a) (b)
then arg(z ) is equal to 3 4
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 5 6
70. If | z 1 | | z 2 | and amp z 1 amp z 2 0 , then
(c) 0 (d)
2 [MP PET 1999]
61. Let z be a complex number. Then the angle (a) z1 z 2 (b) z1 z 2
between vectors z and iz is
(c) z 1 z 2 0 (d) z1 z 2
(a) (b) 0
71. | z 1 z 2 | | z 1 | | z 2 | is possible if
(c) (d) None of these
2 [MP PET 1999; Pb. CET 2002]
62. For any two complex numbers z 1 , z 2 we have 1
(a) z 2 z 1 (b) z 2
2 2
| z1 z 2 | | z1 | | z 2 | 2
then z1
(c) arg (z 1 ) arg (z 2 ) (d) | z 1 | | z 2 |
z z
(a) Re 1 0 (b) Im 1 0
z2 z2 1 i
72. Amplitude of is [RPET 1996]
(c) Re( z 1 z 2 ) 0 (d) Im( z 1 z 2 ) 0 1 i
63. If for complex numbers z 1 and z 2 , arg(z 1 / z 2 ) 0, (a) –/2 (b) /2
then | z 1 z 2 | is equal to (c) /4 (d) /6
73. Which of the following are correct for any two
(a) | z 1 | | z 2 | (b) | z 1 | | z 2 | complex numbers z1 and z 2 [Roork
(c) || z 1 | | z 2 || (d) 0 (a) | z1 z 2 | | z1 || z 2 | (b) arg (z 1 z 2 ) (arg z1 )(arg z 2 )
64. If | z 1 z 2 | | z 1 z 2 | , then the difference in the (c) | z1 z 2 | | z 1 | | z 2 | (d) | z1 z 2 | | z1 | | z 2 |
amplitudes of z 1 and z 2 is [EAMCET 1985]
1 3 i
74. The amplitude of is
3 i
(a) (b)
4 3 [DCE 1999; Karnataka CET 2005]
(c) (d) 0 (a) (b)
2 6 6
z
65. If | z 1 | | z 2 | and arg 1 , then z 1 z 2 is equal (c) (d) None of these
3
z2
75. The amplitude of 0 is [RPET 2000]
to
(a) 0 (b) / 2
(a) 0 (b) Purely imaginary (c) (d) None of these
(c) Purely real (d) None of these 76. If arg z 0 then arg ( z ) arg (z ) is equal to
66. If 0 amp (z) , then amp (z ) – amp ( z ) [IIT Screening 2000]
56 Complex Numbers
(a) (b) 17 22
(c) (d)
31 17
(c) (d)
2 2 86. If (3 i)z (3 i)z , then complex number z is [AMU 2005]
1 3i x
77. The amplitude of is (a) 2001]
[RPET x (3 i), x R (b) ,xR
3 i 3i
(a) 0 (b) / 6 (c) x (3 i), x R (d) x (3 i), x R
(c) / 3 (d) / 2 87. If ( 8 i)50 3 49 (a ib) then a 2 b 2 is
2 [Kerala (Engg.) 2005]
78. If z then the value of arg (z ) is [Orissa JEE 2002]
1 3i (a) 3 (b) 8
(a) (b) / 3 (c) 9 (d) 8
(c) 2 / 3 (d) / 4 (e) 4
79. If z cos i sin then [AMU 2002]
6 6 Square root, Representation and Logarithm
of complex numbers
(a) | z | 1, arg z (b) | z | 1, arg z
4 6
3 5 3 1 a ib
(c) | z | , arg z (d) | z | , argz tan1 1. If x iy , then ( x 2 y 2 )2
2 24 2 2 c id
[IIT 1979; RPET 1997; Karnataka CET 1999]
80. The amplitude of sin i 1 cos
5 5 a2 b 2 ab
(a) 2 (b)
[Karnataka CET 2003] c d2 cd
(a) / 5 (b) 2 / 5 c2 d 2 a2 b 2
2
(c) / 10 (d) / 15 (c) (d) 2
a2 b 2 c d
2
81. Argument of 1 i 3 is [RPET 2003]
2. 8 6i [Roorkee 1979; RPET
2
(a) (b) 1992]
3 3
(a) 1 3 i (b) (1 3 i)
2
(c) (d) (c) (1 3 i) (d) (3 i)
3 3
82. If z and are two non–zero complex numbers 3. If (7 24 i)1 / 2 x iy, then x 2 y 2 [RPET 1989]
(a) 15 (b) 25
such that | z | 1 and arg(z ) arg( ) , then z
2 (c) – 25 (d) None of these
is equal to 4. If x iy (a ib), then x iy is equal to
[AIEEE 2003]
(a) (b ia) (b) (a ib)
(a) 1 (b) – 1
(c) i (d) – i (c) (b ia) (d) None of these
83. The sum of amplitude of z and another complex 5. The square root of 3 – 4i is [RPET 1
number is . The other complex number can be (a) (2 i) (b) (2 i)
written [Orissa JEE 2004] (c) (1 2 i) (d) (1 2i)
(a) z (b) z 6. If a ib x iy , then possible value of a ib is
(c) z (d) z
[Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
1 2i
84. The modulus and amplitude of are (a) x 2 y 2 (b) x 2 y2
1 (1 i) 2
[Karnataka CET 2005] (c) x iy (d) x iy
7. The number of non-zero integral solutions of the
(a) 2 and (b) 1 and 0
6 equation | 1 i | x 2 x is
(a) Infinite (b) 1
(c) 1 and (d) 1 and
3 4 (c) 2 (d) None of these
z z 1 7i
85. If z 1 1 2 i and z 2 3 5 i , and then Re 2 1 is 8. [Roorkee 1981]
z2 (2 i)2
equal to [J & K 2005] 3 3
(a) 2 cos i sin (b) 2 cos i sin
31 17 4 4 4 4
(a) (b)
17 22
3 3
(c) cos i sin (d) None of these
4 4
Complex Numbers 57
9. If z re i , then | e iz | = [Kerala (Engg.) 2005] 5i
20. The imaginary part of tan 1 is [RPET 1997]
(a) e r sin
(b) e r sin 3
(a) 0 (b)
(c) e r cos (d) e r cos
(c) log 2 (d) log 4
1i
10. is equal to [RPET 1984]
1 i 21. The real part of (1 i) i is [RPET 1999]
1 1
(a) cos i sin (b) cos i sin (a) e / 4 cos log 2 (b) e / 4 sin log 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
(c) sin i cos (d) None of these 1 1
2 2 (c) e / 4 cos log 2 (d) e / 4 sin log 2
2 2
11. If 1 3 re i , then is equal to
x i
[RPET 1989; MP PET 1999] 22. i log is equal to [RPET 2000]
x i
(a) (b)
3 3 (a) 2 tan 1 x (b) 2 tan 1 x
1
2 2 (c) 2 tan x (d) 2 tan 1 x
(c) (d)
3 3 23. If e i cos i sin , then in ABC value of
1 e .e iB .e iC is
iA
12. If y cos i sin ,then the value of y is [RPET
y [AMU 2005]
1995] (a) –i (b) 1
(a) 2 cos (b) 2 sin (c) –1 (d) None of these
(c) 2 cosec (d) 2 tan 7 i
24. If z then z 14 [Kerala (Engg.) 2005]
13. The value of (i)1 / 3 is [Roorkee 1995] 3 4i
1 3i 1 3i (a) 2 7 (b) 2 7 i
(a) (b)
2 2 (c) 214 i (d) 2 7 i
14
3 i 3 i (e) 2
(c) (d)
2 2
Geometry of complex numbers
14. If (1 i 3 )9 a ib, then b is equal to [RPET 1995]
(a) 1 (b) 256 1. Length of the line segment joining the points
(c) 0 (d) 9 3 1 i and 2 3 i is
i
15. Real part of e e is [RPET 1995] (a) – 5 (b) 15
(a) e cos
[cos(sin )] (b) e cos
[cos(cos )] (c) 5 (d) 25
2. The points z 1 , z 2 , z 3 , z 4 in the complex plane are
(c) e sin [sin(cos )] (d) e sin [sin(sin )]
i
the vertices of a parallelogram taken in order, if
16. The amplitude of e e is equal to [RPET
and 1997]
only if
(a) sin (b) sin [IIT 1981, 1983; UPSEAT 2004]
(c) e cos (d) e sin (a) z 1 z 4 z 2 z 3 (b) z1 z 3 z 2 z 4
1i 3 (c) z z z 3 z 4 (d) None of these
17. If z , then (z )100 lies in 1
[AMU 1999] 2
3 i
3. The equation z z a z a z b 0 , b R represents a
(a) I quadrant (b) II quadrant
circle if
(c) III quadrant (d) IV quadrant
(a) | a | 2 b (b) | a | 2 b
1
18. If x 3 , then x = [RPET 2002]
x (c) | a | 2 b (d) None of these
4. Let the complex numbers z1 , z 2 and z 3 be the
(a) cos i sin (b) cos i sin
3 3 2 2 vertices of an equilateral triangle. Let z 0 be the
(c) sin i cos (d) cos i sin circumcentre of the triangle, then z12 z 22 z 32
6 6 6 6
(a) z 02 (b) z 02
19. (1 i 3 )20 is equal to [RPET 2003]
(c) 3z 02 (d) 3z 02
(a) 2 20 (1 i 3 ) 20 (b) 2 20 (1 i 3 ) 20
(c) 2 20 (1 i 3 ) 20 (d) None of these
58 Complex Numbers
5. The equation bz b z c, where b is a non-zero 14. Let a be a complex number such that | a | 1 and
complex constant and c is real, represents z 1 , z 2 ,...... be vertices of a polygon such that
(a) A circle (b) A straight line z k 1 a a 2 ..... a k 1 . Then the vertices of the
(c) A parabola (d) None of these polygon lie within a circle
6. If three complex numbers are in A.P., then they lie 1
on (a) | z a | a (b) z | 1 a |
1a
[IIT 1985; DCE 2001; Pb. CET 2003]
1 1
(a) A circle in the complex plane (c) z (d) | z (1 a) | | 1 a |
1 a | 1 a|
(b) A straight line in the complex plane
(c) A parabola in the complex plane 15. The centre of a regular polygon of n sides is located
at the point z 0 and one of its vertex z 1 is known.
(d) None of these
7. If a and b are real numbers between 0 and 1 If z 2 be the vertex adjacent to z 1 , then z 2 is equal
such that the points z1 a i, z 2 1 bi and z 3 0 to
form an equilateral triangle, then 2
1989]
[IIT 2
(a) z 1 cos i sin (b) z 1 cos i sin
(a) a b 2 3 (b) a b 2 3 n n n n
(c) a 2 3 , b 2 3 (d) None of these
(c) z 1 cos i sin (d) None of these
2 n 2 n
8. If | z | 2 , then the points representing the complex
numbers 1 5 z will lie on a 16. The vertices B and D of a parallelogram are
1 2i and 4 2i , If the diagonals are at right
(a) Circle (b) Straight line
angles and AC 2 BD , the complex number
(c) Parabola (d) None of these
representing A is
9. If the vertices of a quadrilateral be A 1 2i,
5 3
B 3 i, C 2 3i and D 2 2i , then the (a) (b) 3 i
2 2
quadrilateral is
(c) 3 i 4 (d) 3 i 4
(a) Parallelogram (b) Rectangle
17. If z 1 , z 2 , z 3 , z 4 are the affixes of four points in the
(c) Square (d) Rhombus
Argand plane and z is the affix of a point such
10. In the Argand plane, the vector z 4 3 i is turned
that | z z 1 | | z z 2 | | z z 3 | | z z 4 | , then
in the clockwise sense through 180 o and stretched
three times. The complex number represented by z 1 , z 2 , z 3 , z 4 are
the new vector is (a) Concyclic
[DCE 2005] (b) Vertices of a parallelogram
(a) 12 9 i (b) 12 9 i (c) Vertices of a rhombus
(c) 12 9 i (d) 12 9 i (d) In a straight line
1 18. ABCD is a rhombus. Its diagonals AC and BD
11. If is a complex number satisfying 2,
intersect at the point M and satisfy BD 2 AC . If
the points D and M represents the complex
then maximum distance of from origin is
numbers 1 i and 2 i respectively, then A
(a) 2 3 (b) 1 2 represents the complex number
(c) 1 3 (d) None of these 1 3 3 1
(a) 3 i or 1 i (b) i or 3i
12. The vector z 3 4 i is turned anticlockwise 2 2 2 2
through an angle of 180 o and stretched 2.5 times. 1 1
(c) i or 1 i (d) None of these
The complex number corresponding to the newly 2 2
obtained vector is 19. The complex numbers z 1 , z 2 , z 3 are the vertices of
15 15 a triangle. Then the complex numbers z which
(a) 10 i (b) 10 i
2 2 make the triangle into a parallelogram is
15 (a) z 1 z 2 z 3 (b) z 1 z 2 z 3
(c) 10 i (d) None of these
2
(c) z 2 z 3 z 1 (d) All the above
13. POQ is a straight line through the origin O, P
and Q represent the complex numbers a ib 20. The equation z z (2 3 i)z (2 3 i)z 4 0
and c id respectively and OP OQ , then represents a circle of radius [Kuruk
(a) | a ib | | c id | (b) a c b d (a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 4 (d) 6
(c) arg(a ib) arg(c id) (d) None of these
21. A rectangle is constructed in the complex plane
with its sides parallel to the axes and its centre is
Complex Numbers 59
situated at the origin. If one of the vertices of the 1 3i
z1 and z 1 , z 2 , z 3 are in anticlockwise
rectangle is a ib 3 , then the area of the 2 2
rectangle is sense then z 2 is
(a) ab 3 (b) 2ab 3 [Orissa JEE 2002]
(c) 3ab 3 (d) 4ab 3 (a) 1 3 i (b) 1 3 i
22. If the points P1 and P2 represent two complex (c) 1 (d) – 1
numbers z 1 and z 2 , then the point P3 represents 29. For all complex numbers z1 , z 2 satisfying | z 1 | 12
the number and | z 2 3 4 i| 5, the minimum value of
Y | z 1 z 2 | is
P3 [IIT Screening 2002]
P2
(a) 0 (b) 2
P1
(c) 7 (d) 17
X 30. If P, Q, R, S are represented by the complex
O
(a) z 1 z 2 (b) z 1 z 2 numbers 4 i, 1 6 i, 4 3 i, 1 2 i respectively,
(c) z 1 z 2 (d) z 1 z 2 then PQRS is a
23. If | z 2 | / | z 3 | 2 represents a circle, then its [Orissa JEE 2003]
(a) Rectangle (b) Square
radius is equal to [Kurukshetra CEE
1998] (c) Rhombus (d) Parallelogram
(a) 1 (b) 1 / 3 31. If z 1 , z 2 , z 3 are three collinear points in argand
(c) 3 / 4 (d) 2 / 3 z1 z1 1
24. If complex numbers z 1 , z 2 and z 3 represent the plane, then z 2 z2 1 [Orissa JEE 2004]
vertices A, B and C respectively of an isosceles z3 z3 1
triangle ABC of which C is right angle, then
correct statement is [RPET 1999]
(a) 0 (b) – 1
2 2 2
(c) 1 (d) 2
(a) z1 z 2 z 3 z1 z 2 z 3
32. If z is a complex number in the Argand plane,
(b) (z 3 z 1 ) 2 z 3 z 2 then the equation | z 2 | | z 2 | 8 represents [Orissa JEE 2004]
(c) (z 1 z 2 ) 2 (z 1 z 3 )(z 3 z 2 ) (a) Parabola (b) Ellipse
2
(c) Hyperbola (d) Circle
(d) (z 1 z 2 ) 2(z 1 z 3 ) (z 3 z 2 )
33. The points 1 3 i, 5 i and 3 2i in the complex
25. If centre of a regular hexagon is at origin and one plane are
of the vertex on argand diagram is 1 + 2i, then its [MP PET 1987]
perimeter is
(a) Vertices of a right angled triangle
[RPET 1999]
(b) Collinear
(a) 2 5 (b) 6 2 (c) Vertices of an obtuse angled triangle
(c) 4 5 (d) 6 5 (d) Vertices of an equilateral triangle
26. In the argand diagram, if O, P and Q represents 34. If z1 and z 2 are two complex numbers, then
respectively the origin, the complex numbers z and | z1 z 2 | is
z + iz, then the angle OPQ is [RPET [MP PET
1985; MP2000]
PET 1987, 2004; Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
(a) | z1 | | z 2 | (b) | z1 | | z 2 |
(a) (b)
4 3 (c) | z1 | | z 2 | (d) | z 1 | | z 2 |
2 35. If z x iy, then area of the triangle whose
(c) (d)
2 3 vertices are points z, iz and z iz is
27. A circle whose radius is r and centre z 0 , then the [MP PET 1997; IIT 1986; AMU 2000; UPSEAT 2002]
equation of the circle is [RPET 2000] 1
(a) 2 | z | 2 | z| 2 (b)
(a) z z z z 0 z z 0 z 0 z 0 r 2 2
3
(b) z z z z 0 z z 0 z 0 z 0 r 2 (c) | z | 2 (d) | z | 2
2
(c) z z z z 0 z z 0 z 0 z 0 r 2 36. If A, B, C are represented by 3 4 i, 5 2 i , 1 16 i ,
(d) None of these then A, B, C are [RPET 1986]
28. Let z 1 , z 2 , z 3 be three vertices of an equilateral (a) Collinear
(b) Vertices of equilateral triangle
1
triangle circumscribing the circle | z | = . If (c) Vertices of isosceles triangle
2
60 Complex Numbers
(d) Vertices of right angled triangle zi
46. When is purely imaginary, the locus
37. If z 1 , z 2 C , then [MP PET 1995] z2
(a) | z 1 z 2 | | z 1 | | z 2 | (b) | z 1 z 2 | | z 1 | | z 2 | described by the point z in the Argand diagram is
(c) | z1 z 2 | | z 1 | | z 2 | (d) | z1 z 2 | | z1 | | z 2 | a
38. If z 1 , z 2 , z 3 are affixes of the vertices A, B and C 5 5
(a) Circle of radius (b) Circle of radius
respectively of a triangle ABC having centroid at 2 4
G such that z 0 is the mid point of AG , then (c) Straight line (d) Parabola
(a) z 1 z 2 z 3 0 (b) z 1 4 z 2 z 3 0 47. If | z 1 | 2 | z 1 |, then the locus described by
(c) z 1 z 2 4 z 3 0 (d) 4 z 1 z 2 z 3 0 the point z in the Argand diagram is a
39. Let z 1 and z 2 be two complex numbers such that (a) Straight line (b) Circle
z1 z 2 (c) Parabola (d) None of these
1 . Then
z2 z1 48. The region of the complex plane for which
(a) z 1 , z 2 are collinear za
1 [ R(a) 0 ] is
(b) z 1 , z 2 and the origin form a right angled za
triangle (a) x axis (b) y axis
(c) z 1 , z 2 and the origin form an equilateral (c) The straight line x a (d) None of these
triangle 49. The region of Argand plane defined by
(d) None of these | z 1 | | z 1 | 4 is
40. If the area of the triangle formed by the points (a) Interior of an ellipse
z , z iz and iz on the complex plane is 18, then the (b) Exterior of a circle
value of | z | is (c) Interior and boundary of an ellipse
[MP PET 2001] (d) None of these
(a) 6 (b) 9 50. The locus of the points z which satisfy the condition
(c) 3 2 (d) 2 3 z 1
arg = is
41. If z 1 1 i, z 2 2 3 i and z 3 ai / 3 , where i2 1, z 1 3
are collinear then the value of a is [AMU
(a) 2001]
A straight line (b) A circle
(a) – 1 (b) 3 (c) A parabola (d) None of these
(c) 4 (d) 5 2z 1
42. Which one of the following statement is true [RPET 2002]51. If the imaginary part of is –2, then the locus
iz 1
(a) | x y | | x | | y | (b) | x y | | x | | y | of the point representing z in the complex plane is
(c) | x y | | x | | y | (d) | x y | | x | | y | [DCE 2001]
43. The area of the triangle whose vertices are (a) A circle (b) A straight line
represented by the complex numbers 0, z, ze i , (c) A parabola (d) None of these
(0 ) equals 52. If z ( 3) i 5 2 , then the locus of z is a
[AMU 2002]
(a) Circle (b) Straight line
1 1
(a) | z | 2 cos (b) | z | 2 sin (c) Parabola (d) None of these
2 2
53. A point z moves on Argand diagram in such a way
1 1 that |z –3i| 2, then its locus will be [RPET 1992; MP PET 2002
(c) | z | 2 sin cos (d) | z | 2
2 2
(a) y axis (b) A straight line
44. If z 1 1 2i, z 2 2 3i, z 3 3 4 i, then z 1 , z 2 , z 3
(c) A circle (d) None of these
represent the vertices of a/an [Orissa JEE 2004]
54. If z x iy and | z zi | 1, then [RPET 1
(a) Equilateral triangle (b) Isosceles triangle
(c) Right angled triangle (d) None of these (a) z lies on x -axis (b) z lies on y -axis
45. The complex numbers z x iy which satisfy the (c) z lies on a circle (d) None of these
z 5i z 1
equation 1 lie on [IIT 1982] 55. The locus of z given by 1 , is [Roorkee 1990]
z 5i z i
(a) Real axis (a) A circle (b) An ellipse
(b) The line y 5 (c) A straight line (d) A parabola
(c) A circle passing through the origin 56. R(z 2 ) 1 is represented by
(d) None of these
(a) The parabola x 2 y 2 1
Complex Numbers 61
(b) The hyperbola x 2 y 2 1 (a) An ellipse (b) The imaginary axis
(c) Parabola or a circle (c) A circle (d) The real axis
(d) All the above 1 iz
66. If z x iy and than | | 1 shows that in
57. The locus represented by | z 1 | | z i | is [EAMCET z i
1991]
complex plane [RPET 1985, 97; IIT
1983;
(a) A circle of radius 1
DCE 2000, 01; UPSEAT 2003; MP PET 2004]
(b) An ellipse with foci at (1, 0 ) and (0, – 1)
(a) z will be at imaginary axis(b)z will be at real axis
(c) A straight line through the origin
(c) z will be at unity circle (d) None of these
(d) A circle on the line joining (1, 0 ), (0 , 1) as
67. The equation | z 5 i | | z 5 i | 12, where z x iy,
diameter
represents a/an [AMU 1999]
| z | 2 | z | 1
58. If log 3 2 , then the locus of z is (a) Circle (b) Ellipse
2 | z |
(c) Parabola (d) No real curve
(a) | z | 5 (b) | z | 5 z 2
68. If z x iy and arg , then locus of z is
(c) | z | 5 (d) None of these z 2 6
[RPET 2002]
59. If arg (z a) , where a R , then the locus of
4 (a) A straight line (b) A circle
z C is a [MP PET
(c) 1997]
A parabola (d) An ellipse
(a) Hyperbola (b) Parabola z
(c) Ellipse (d) Straight line 69. If w and | w | 1 , then z lies on[AIEEE 2005]
1
60. If z x iy and | z 2 i | | z 3 i |, then locus of z i
3
z is (a) A straight line (b) A parabola
[RPET 1999]
(c) An ellipse (d) A circle
(a) 2 x 4 y 5 0 (b) 2 x 4 y 5 0
70. If | 8 z | | z 8 | 16 where z is a complex
(c) x 2 y 0 (d) x 2 y 5 0
number, then the point z will lie on
61. Locus of the point z satisfying the equation (a) A circle (b) An ellipse
| iz 1 | + | z i | 2 is [Roorkee 1999]
(c) A straight line (d) None of these
(a) A straight line (b) A circle 71. PQ and PR are two infinite rays. QAR is an arc.
(c) An ellipse (d) A pair of straight Point lying in the shaded region excluding the
lines boundary satisfies
62. If z x iy is a complex number satisfying [IIT Screening 2005]
i
2
i
2
z z , then the locus of z is (a) | z 2002]
[EAMCET 1 | 2;| arg( z 1)| (1 2 , 2 i)
2 2 4
Q
(a) 2 y x (b) y x (b) | z 1 | 2;| arg( z 1)|
2 P (1,0 A
(c) y-axis (d) x-axis (– )
(c) | z 1 | 2;| arg( z 1)| 1,0)
z 1 4
63. The locus of the point z satisfying arg k, R
z 1
(d) | z 1 | 2;| arg( z 1)| (1 2 , 2 i)
(where k is non zero) is [Orissa JEE 2002] 2
(a) Circle with centre on y–axis 72. Which of the following equations can represent a
(b) Circle with centre on x–axis triangle
[Orissa JEE 2005]
(c) A straight line parallel to x–axis
(a) | z 1 | | z 2 | (b) | z 1 | | z 2 | | z i |
(d) A straight line making an angle 60 o with the
x–axis (c) | z 1 | | z 2 | 2 a (d) | z 1 | 2 | z 2 | 2 4
64. If the amplitude of z 2 3 i is / 4 , then the 73. The number of solutions for the equations
locus of z x iy is [EAMCET 2003] | z 1 | | z 2 | | z i | is [Orissa JEE 2005]
(a) x y 1 0 (b) x y 1 0 (a) One solution (b) 3 solutions
(c) 2 solutions (d) No solution
(c) x y 1 0 (d) x y 1 0
74. If | z 2 3 i | | z 2 6 i | 4 , where i 1 , then
2 2
65. If | z 1 | | z | 1 , then z lies on [AIEEE 2004]
locus of P(z ) is [DCE 2005]
62 Complex Numbers
(a) An ellipse 7. The following in the form of A iB
(b) (cos 2 i sin 2 )5 (cos 3 i sin 3 )6 (sin i cos )3 in
(c) Line segment joining of point 2 3 i and 2 6 i the form of A iB is
(d) None of these [MNR 1991]
(a) (cos 25 i sin 25 ) (b) i(cos 25 i sin 25 )
75. If z 2 i 2 is rotated through an angle 45° in
(c) i (cos 25 i sin 25 ) (d) (cos 25 i sin 25 )
the anti-clockwise direction about the origin, then
the coordinates of its new position are 8. If a [Kerala (Engg.)
2i then which2005]
of the following is correct
(a) (2, 0) (b) ( 2 , 2 ) [Roorkee 1989]
(a) a 1 i (b) a 1 i
(c) ( 2 , 2 ) (d) ( 2 ,0)
(c) a ( 2 )i (d) None of these
(e) (4, 0) 9. If (cos i sin )(cos 2 i sin 2 )........
(cos n i sin n ) 1 , then the value of is
De Moivre's theorem and Roots of unity [Karnataka CET 1992; Kurukshetra CEE 2002]
2m
1. i (a) 4 m (b)
n(n 1)
1 i 1i 4m m
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 n(n 1) n(n 1)
1i n
(c) (d) None of these 1 cos i sin
2 10.
1 cos i sin
2. If x r cos r i sin r , then x 1 . x 2 ...... is (a) cos n i sin n (b) cos n i sin n
2 2
(c) sin n i cos n (d) sin n i cos n
[RPET 1990, 2000; BIT Mesra 1996; Karnataka CET 2000]
4
(a) 3 (b) 2 1 cos i sin
11. If cos n i sin n , then n is
(c) 1 (d) 0 i sin i cos
(cos i sin )4 equal to [EAMCE
3. is equal to [MNR 1985; UPSEAT
(sin i cos )5 (a) 1 (b) 2
2000] (c) 3 (d) 4
(a) cos i sin
12. The value of expression cos i sin
(b) cos 9 i sin 9 2 2
(c) sin i cos
cos 2 i sin 2 ........to is [Kurukshetra CEE
(d) sin 9 i cos 9 2 2
5 5 1998]
3 i 3 i
4. If z , then [MP PET 1997] (a) 1 (b) 1
2 2 2 2
(c) 0 (d) 2
(a) Re( z ) 0 (b) Im(z ) 0 4
cos i sin
(c) Re( z ) 0 , Im( z ) 0 (d) Re( z ) 0 , Im( z ) 0 13. equals [RPET 1996]
1/3
sin i cos
5. The roots of (2 2i) are
(a) sin 8 i cos 8 (b) cos 8 i sin 8
(a) 2 cos i sin , 2 sin i cos , 1 i (c) sin 8 i cos 8 (d) cos 8 i sin 8
12 12 12 12
14. If sin sin sin 0 cos cos cos , then
(b) 2 cos i sin , 2 sin i cos ,1 i the value of sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 is [RPET 1999]
12 12 12 12
(a) 2/3 (b) 3/2
(c) 1 2 i,1 i,2 2i
(c) 1/2 (d) 1
(d) None of the above
15. If cos cos cos 0 sin sin sin then
4 (cos 75 o i sin 75 o )
6. The value of is cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 equals [RPET 2000]
0 . 4 (cos 30 o i sin 30 o )
(a) 2 cos( ) (b) cos 2( )
2 2
(a) (1 i) (b) (1 i) (c) 0 (d) 1
10 10
53 2
10 10 16. ( 3 i) where i 1 is equal to [AMU 2000]
(c) (1 i) (d) (1 i)
2 2 (a) 2 53 ( 3 2i) (b) 2 52 ( 3 i)
Complex Numbers 63
3 1 3 i 3 i
(c) 2 53 i (d) 2 53 ( 3 i) (a) (b)
2 2 2 2
10 1i 3 1i 3
(c) (d)
1 cos 10 i sin 10 2 2
17. The value of Re( z )
1 cos i sin
100
25. Given z (1 i 3 ) , then equals [AMU 2002]
10 10 Im( z )
100 50
(a) 2 (b) 2
[Karnataka CET 2001]
1
(a) 0 (b) – 1 (c) (d) 3
3
(c) 1 (d) 2
n
1 sin i cos
(cos 2 i sin 2 ) 4 (cos 4 i sin 4 ) 5 26. = [Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
18. We express in
(cos 3 i sin 3 ) 2 (cos 3 i sin 3 ) 9 1 sin i cos
the form of x iy , we get [Karnataka CET 2001] n n
(a) cos n i sin n
(a) cos 49 i sin 49 (b) cos 23 i sin 23 2 2
n n
(c) cos 49 i sin 49 (d) cos 21 i sin 21 (b) cos n i sin n
2 2
19. (sin i cos )n is equal to [RPET 2001]
n n
(c) sin n i cos n
(a) cos n i sin n 2 2
(b) sin n i cos n
(d) cos n 2 i sin n 2
2 2
(c) cos n i sin n
2 2 27. If n is a positive integer, then (1 i)n (1 i)n is
(d) None of these equal to
[Orissa JEE 2003]
(cos i sin ) (cos i sin )
20. The value of is [RPET n 2 n n 2 n
(cos i sin ) (cos i sin ) (a) ( 2 ) cos (b) ( 2 ) sin
4 4
2001]
n n
(a) cos( ) i sin( ) (c) ( 2 )n 2 cos (d) ( 2 )n 2 sin
4 4
(b) cos( ) i sin( )
1 1
28. If x 2 cos , then x n n is equal to [UPSEAT
(c) sin( ) i cos( ) x x
(d) sin( ) i cos( ) 2001]
(a) 2 cos n (b) 2 sin n
8
1 cos( / 8 ) i sin( / 8 ) (c) cos n (d) sin n
21. is equal to [RPET 2001]
1 cos( / 8 ) i sin( / 8 ) 29. If iz 4 1 0 , then z can take the value[UPSEAT 2004]
(a) – 1 (b) 0 1i
(a) (b) cos i sin
(c) 1 (d) 2 2 8 8
1
22. If x n cos n i sin n , then x 1 . x 2 . x 3 .... (c) (d) i
4 4 4i
[EAMCET 2002] 30. The two numbers such that each one is square of
the other, are [MP PE
1i 3 1 i 3 3
(a) (b) (a) , (b) i, i
2 2
(c) 1, 1 (d) , 2
1 i 3 1 i 3
(c) (d)
2 2 31. If is a cube root of unity, then (1 2 )
(cos i sin ) 4 (1 2 ) =
23. [RPET 2002]
[MNR 1990; MP PET 1993, 2002]
(sin i cos ) 5
(a) 1 (b) 0
(a) cos( 4 5 ) i sin(4 5 )
(c) 2 (d) 4
(b) cos( 4 5 ) i sin(4 5 )
32. (27 )1 / 3
(c) sin(4 5 ) i cos( 4 5 )
(a) 3 (b) 3, 3 i, 3 i 2
(d) None of these
24. The value of i1/3 is [UPSEAT 2002] (c) 3, 3 , 3 2 (d) None of these
64 Complex Numbers
33. If n is a positive integer not a multiple of 3, then 43. If is a cube root of unity, then a root of the
1 n 2n = [MP PET 2004] x 1 2
(a) 3 (b) 1 equation x 2 1 0 is [MNR 1990; MP PET 1999]
(c) 0 (d) None of these 2 1 x
34. Square of either of the two imaginary cube roots
of unity will be (a) x 1 (b) x
2
(a) Real root of unity (c) x (d) x 0
(b) Other imaginary cube root of unity 44. If x a b, y a b and z a b , where and
(c) Sum of two imaginary roots of unity are complex cube roots of unity, then xyz =
(d) None of these [IIT 1978; Roorkee 1989; RPET 1997]
35. If is a cube root of unity, then (a) a 2 b 2 (b) a 3 b 3
3 3
(1 ) 3 (1 2 ) 3 (c) a b (d) a 3 b 3
(a) 0 (b) 45. If x a b , y a b , z a 2 b , then the value
2
of x 3 y 3 z 3 is equal to [Roorkee 1977; IIT
(c) 2 (d) None of these
1970]
36. If and are imaginary cube roots of unity,
(a) a 3 b 3 (b) 3(a 3 b 3 )
1
then 4 4 + [IIT 1977] 2
(c) 3(a b ) 2
(d) None of these
2
(a) 3 (b) 0 a b c a b c 2
46. The value of 2
will be
(c) 1 (d) 2 b c a c a b 2
[BIT Ranchi 1989; Orissa JEE 2003]
37. If is a complex cube root of unity, then
(a) 1 (b) – 1
(1 )(1 2 ) (1 4 )(1 8 )
(c) 2 (d) – 2
(a) 0 (b) 1 47. The cube roots of unity when represented on the
(c) – 1 (d) 9 Argand plane form the vertices of an [IIT 1988; Pb. CET 2004]
38. If is a cube root of unity, then the value of (a) Equilateral triangle (b) Isosceles triangle
(1 2 ) 5 (1 2 ) 5 (c) Right angled triangle (d) None of these
1000
[IIT 1965; MP PET 1997; RPET 1997] 1
48. 3 i
(a) 16 (b) 32 2 2
(c) 48 (d) – 32
39. If x a, y b , z c 2 , where is a complex cube 1 3 1 3
(a) i (b) i
2 2 2 2
x y z
root of unity, then [AMU 1983]
a b c 1 3
(c) i (d) None of these
(a) 3 (b) 1 2 2
(c) 0 (d) None of these 49. If , , are the cube roots of p( p 0 ) , then for
40. If is a complex cube root of unity, then x y z
any x, y and z,
( x y )(x y ) ( x 2 y ) x y z
1 1
(a) x 2 y 2 (a) (1 i 3 ) (b) (1 i 3 )
2 2
(b) x 2 y 2 1
(c) (1 i 3 ) (d) None of these
(c) x 3 y 3 2
(d) x 3 y 3 3 i
50. If z , then the value of z 69 is [RPET 2002]
2
41. If is a complex cube root of unity, then
(a) i (b) i
(1 )(1 2 ) (1 4 )(1 8 )... to 2n factors = [AMU 2000] (c) 1 (d) 1
(a) 0 (b) 1
51. The roots of the equation x 4 1 0 , are [MP PET 1986]
(c) 1 (d) None of these
3/4
(a) 1, 1, i, i (b) 1, 1, i,i
42. The product of all the roots of cos i sin (c) 1,1, , 2 (d) None of these
3 3
is 52. If is a complex cube root of unity, then for
[MNR 1984; EAMCET 1985] positive integral value of n , the product of
(a) 1 (b) 1 . 2 . 3 ........ n , will be
3 1 [Roorkee 1991]
(c) (d)
2 2
Complex Numbers 65
1 i 3 1i 3 63. If 1, , 2 are three cube roots of unity, then
(a) (b)
2 2 (a b c 2 )3 + (a b 2 c )3 is equal to, if
(c) 1 (d) (b) and (c) both ab c 0
53. One of the cube roots of unity is [MP PET 1994, 2003] [West Bengal JEE 1992]
(a) 27 abc (b) 0
1 i 3 1i 3
(a) (b) (c) 3 abc (d) None of these
2 2
64. The common roots of the equations x 12 1 0 ,
1 i 3 3 i
(c) (d) x 4 x 2 1 0 are [EAMCET 1989]
2 2
(a) (b) 2
54. If ( 1) is a cube root of unity and
7 (c) , 2 (d) None of these
(1 ) A B , then A and B are respectively,
the numbers [IIT 1995] 65. If z 1 , z 2 z 3 , z 4 are the roots of the equation z 4 1 ,
4
(a) 0, 1 (b) 1, 0
(c) 1, 1 (d) 1, 1
then the value of z i 1
3
i is [Kurukshetra CEE 1996]
55. If ( 1) is a cube root of unity, then (a) 0 (b) 1
1 1 i2
2 (c) i (d) 1 i
66. If is an imaginary cube root of unity, then for
1i 1 2 1 is equal to [IIT 1995]
n N , the value of 3 n 1 3 n 3 3 n 5 is
i i 1 1
[MP PET 1996; Pb. CET 2000]
(a) 0 (b) 1 (a) 1 (b) 0
(c) (d) i (c) 1 (d) 3
20 20
56. The n th roots of unity are in 1 JEE
[Orissa
i 32004]
1 i 3
67.
(a) A.P. (b) G.P. 2 2
(c) H.P. (d) None of these
(a) 20 3 i (b) 1
57. If 1, , 2 are the three cube roots of unity, then
1
(3 2 4 ) 6 [MP PET 1995] (c) 19 (d) 1
2
(a) 64 (b) 729 68. If and are imaginary cube roots of unity,
(c) 2 (d) 0 1
then the value of 4 28 ,is
58. (1 2 )(1 2 4 )(1 4 8 )......... .. to 2n
factors is [EAMCET
(a) 1 1988] (b) 1
(a) 2 n (b) 2 2 n (c) 0 (d) None of these
(c) 0 (d) 1 69. If is the cube root of unity, then (3 5 3 2 ) 2
1 2 2 + (3 3 5 2 )2 = [MP PET 1999]
59. Let 2 2 2 4 3 where is the cube root of (a) 4 (b) 0
3 3 3
6 4 (c) – 4 (d) None of these
70. If is an imaginary cube root of unity, then the
unity, then
(a) 0 (b) 1 value of sin ( 10 23 ) is
4
(c) 2 (d) 3
(a) 3 / 2 (b) 1 / 2
60. If n is a positive integer greater than unity and z
is a complex number satisfying the equation (c) 1 / 2 (d) 3 /2
z n (z 1)n , then 6
3 i i 3
6
71. is equal to [RPET 1
(a) Re( z ) 0 (b) Re( z ) 0 2 2
(c) Re( z ) 0 (d) None of these (a) 2 (b) 0
th
61. If is an n root of unity, other than unity, then (c) 2 (d) 1
the value of 1 2 ... n 1 is 72. If is CET
[Karnataka an 1999]
imaginary cube root of unity,
(a) 0 (b) 1 (1 2 )7 equals
(c) 1 (d) None of these [IIT 1998; MP PET 2000]
62.
th
If z 1 , z 2 , z 3 ...... n n are n , roots of unity, then for (a) 128 (b) 128
k 1, 2,....., n (c) 128 2 (d) 128 2
(a) | z k | k | z k 1 | (b) | z k 1 | k | z k | (1 i 3 )15 (1 i 3 )15
73. 20
is equal to [AMU 2000]
(c) | z k 1 | | z k | | z k 1 | (d) | z k | | z k 1 | (1 i) (1 i) 20
66 Complex Numbers
(a) – 64 (b) – 32 83. Find the value of (1 2 2 )3 n (1 2 2 )3 n
1 [UPSEAT 2002]
(c) – 16 (d)
16 (a) 0 (b) 1
74. If is a complex root of the equation z 3 1 , (c) (d) 2
1 3 9 27 84. If is a non real cube root of unity, then (a b )
...
then 2 8 32 128
is equal to (a b ) (a b 2 ) is [Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
[Roorkee 2000; AMU 2005] 3 3
(a) a b (b) a 3 b 3
(a) – 1 (b) 0 2 2
(c) a b (d) a 2 b 2
(c) 9 (d) i
1 i 3
75. If cube root of 1 is , then the value of 85. Which of the following is a fourth root of
2 2
(3 3 2 )4 is [Karnataka CET 2003]
[MP PET 2001]
(a) cis (b) cis
(a) 0 (b) 16 2 12
(c) 16 (d) 16 2
(c) cis (d) cis
76. The value of (1 2 ) (1 2 )6 , where , 2 6 3
1/3
are cube roots of unity [DCE 2001] 86. The value of (8) is [RPET 2003]
(a) 128 (b) 128 2 (a) 1 i 3 (b) 1 i 3
2 (c) 2 (d) All of these
(c) 128 (d) 128
87. If is a complex cube root of unity, then
2
77. If 1, , are the cube roots of unity, then their
225 (3 8 2 )2 (3 2 8 ) 2 [EAMCET 2003]
product is
(a) 72 (b) 192
[Karnataka CET 1999, 2001]
(c) 200 (d) 248
(a) 0 (b)
88. If 1, , 2 are the cube roots of unity, then
(c) – 1 (d) 1
1 n 2n
3 i
78. If z , then z 69 is equal to [RPET 2001] n 2n 1 = [AIEEE 2003]
2
2n 1 n
(a) 1 (b) – 1
(c) i (d) – i (a) 0 (b) 1
(c) (d) 2
2 2 2
79. Let n cos i sin , i 1 , then
n n 1 3i
89. If then (3 3 2 )4 =
2
( x y 3 z 3 2 ) ( x y 3 2 z 3 ) is equal to[AMU 2001]
[Karnataka CET 2004; Pb. CET 2000]
(a) 0 (a) 16 (b) –16
(b) x 2 y 2 z 2 (c) 16 (d) 16 2
2
(c) x 2 y 2 z 2 yz zx xy 90. If 1, , are the roots of unity, then (1 2 2 )6
is equal to [Pb. CE
(d) x 2 y 2 z 2 yz zx xy
(a) 729 (b) 246
80. If z z 1 1, then z 100 z 100 is equal to [UPSEAT 2001] (c) 243 (d) 81
91. If is a complex cube root of unity, then the
(a) i (b) – i
value of 99 100 101 is [Pb. CE
(c) 1 (d) – 1
(a) 1 (b) – 1
1 3i (c) 3 (d) 0
81. If is a root of equation x 4 x 3 x 1 0
2 92. The real part of sin 1 (e i ) is [RPE
then its real roots are [EAMCET 2002] 1 1
(a) cos ( sin ) (b) sinh ( sin )
(a) 1, 1 (b) – 1, – 1 1
(c) sin ( sin ) (d) sin 1 ( cos )
(c) 1, – 1 (d) 1, 2
93. sinh ix is [EAMCET 2002]
n
1 i 3 (a) i sin(ix) (b) i sin x
82. If is an integer, then n is [UPSEAT 2002]
1 i 3 (c) i sin x (d) sin(ix )
(a) 1 (b) 2 94. If cos(u iv) i , then 2 2 1 equals [RPET
1999]
(c) 3 (d) 4
(a) cos 2 u sinh 2 v (b) sin 2 u cosh 2 v
Complex Numbers 67
(c) cos 2 u cosh 2 v (d) sin 2 u sinh 2 v (d) 3 3
95. The value of sec h(i ) is [RPET 1999]
(a) – 1 (b) i
(c) 0 (d) 1
96. cosh( i ) cosh( i ) is equal to [RPET 2000]
(a) 2 sinh sinh (b) 2 cosh cosh
(c) 2i sinh sin (d) 2 cosh cos
1. The number of real values of a satisfying the
97. The imaginary part of cosh( i ) is [RPET 2000]
equation a 2 2a sin x 1 0 is
(a) cosh cos (b) sinh sin
(a) Zero (b) One
(c) cos cosh (d) cos cos (c) Two (d) Infinite
98. Which one is correct from the following [RPET 2001]
2. For positive integers n 1 , n 2 the value of the
(a) sin(ix) i sinh x (b) cos( ix) i cosh x
expression
(c) sin(ix) i sinh x (d) tan( ix ) i tanh x (1 i)n1 (1 i 3 )n1 (1 i5 )n2 (1 i7 )n2 where i 1
99. cos( x iy) is equal to [RPET 2001] is a real number if and only if
(a) sin x cosh y i cos x sinh y (a) n 1 n 2 1 (b) n 1 n 2 1
(b) cos x cosh y i sin x sinh y (c) n 1 n 2 (d) n 1 0, n 2 0
(c) cos x cosh y i sin x sinh y
3. Given that the equation z 2 ( p iq)z r i s 0 ,
(d) None of these
where p , q , r, s are real and non-zero has a real
100. If tan(u iv) i , then the value of v is [RPET 2001]
root, then
(a) 0 (b)
(a) pqr r 2 p 2 s (b) prs q 2 r 2 p
(c) 1 (d) None of these
101. If tan 1 ( i ) x iy, then x = [RPET 2002] (c) qrs p 2 s 2 q (d) pqs s 2 q 2 r
1 2 4. If x 5 2 4 , then the value of the expression
(a) tan 1
2 1 2 2
x 4 9 x 3 35 x 2 x 4 is [IIT 1972]
1 2 (a) 160 (b) 160
(b) tan 1
2 12 2 (c) 60 (d) 60
b d
2 5. If 3 i (a ib)(c id) , then tan 1 tan 1
(c) tan 1
a c
1 2 2
has the value
(d) None of these
102. If is a cube root of unity but not equal to 1 then (a) 2n , n I (b) n ,nI
3 6
minimum value of | a b c 2 | (where a, b, c
are integers but not all equal) is (c) n [IIT
Screening
,n I 2005] (d) 2n , n I
3 3
3
(a) 0 (b) 6. If a cos i sin , b cos i sin ,
2
(c) 1 (d) 2 b c a
c cos i sin and 1, then
2 c a b
103. If 1, , are the cube roots of unity then
cos( ) cos( ) cos( ) is equal to [RPET
(1 ) (1 2 )
2 3
[Orissa JEE 2005] 2001]
(a) 1 (b) –1 (a) 3/2 (b) – 3/2
(c) i (d) 0 (c) 0 (d) 1
104. Let x , y 2 , z 2 , is an 7. If (1 i)(1 2i)(1 3 i).....( 1 ni) a ib , then
imaginary cube root of unity. Product of xyz is
2.5.10.... (1 n 2 ) is equal to
[Orissa JEE 2005]
[Karnataka CET 2002; Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
(a) 2 2
(a) a b 2
2
(b) a 2 b 2
(b) 2 2
(c) 3 3 (c) a2 b 2 (d) a2 b 2
68 Complex Numbers
8. If z is a complex number, then the minimum
value of | z | | z 1 | is [Roorkee 1992]
(a) 1 (b) 0
(c) 1/2 (d) None of these
Complex Numbers 67
9. For any two complex numbers z1 and z 2 and any 16. If z1 10 6 i, z 2 4 6 i and z is a complex number
2 2 z z1
real numbers a and b; | (az1 bz 2 ) | | (bz 1 az 2 )|
such that amp ,
4 then the value of
[IIT 1988] z z2
(a) (a 2 b 2 )(| z 1 | | z 2 |) (b) (a 2 b 2 )(| z1 | 2 | z 2 | 2 ) | z 7 9 i | is equal to [IIT 1990]
2 2 2 2
(c) (a b )(| z1 | | z 2 | ) (d) None of these (a) 2 (b) 2 2
10. The locus of z satisfying the inequality (c) 3 2 (d) 2 3
log 1 / 3 | z 1 | log 1 / 3 | z 1 | is 17. If z 1 , z 2 , z 3 be three non-zero complex number,
(a) R (z ) 0 (b) R (z ) 0 such that z 2 z 1 , a | z 1 |, b | z 2 | and c | z 3 |
(c) I (z ) 0 (d) None of these a b c
z
11. If z1 a ib and z 2 c id are complex numbers suppose that b c a 0 , then arg 3 is equal
c a b z2
such that | z1 | | z 2 | 1 and R (z1 z 2 ) 0 , then the
pair of complex numbers w1 a ic and w 2 b id to
2
satisfies z z1 z z1
(a) arg 2
(b) arg 2
[IIT 1985] z 3 z1 z 3 z1
(a) | w 1 | 1 (b) | w 2 | 1 2
z z1 z z1
(c) R (w1 w 2 ) 0 , (d) All the above (c) arg 3
(d) arg 3
z 2 z1 z 2 z1
12. Let z and w be two complex numbers such that 18. Let z and w be the two non-zero complex
| z | 1, | w | 1 and | z iw | | z iw | 2 . Then z is numbers such that | z | | w | and arg z arg w .
equal to Then z is equal to
[IIT 1995] [IIT 1995; AIEEE 2002]
(a) 1 or i (b) i or i (a) w (b) w
(c) 1 or – 1 (d) i or –1
(c) w (d) w
13. The maximum distance from the origin of 19. If | z 25 i | 15 , then | max .amp (z ) min .amp (z ) |
coordinates to the point z satisfying the equation
1 3 3
z a is (a) cos 1 (b) 2 cos 1
z 5 5
1 3 3 3
(a) ( a 2 1 a) (c) cos 1 (d) sin 1 cos 1
2 2 5 5 5
1 20. If z 1 , z 2 and z 3 , z 4 are two pairs of conjugate
(b) ( a 2 2 a)
2 z z
1 complex numbers, then arg 1 arg 2
z
equals
(c) ( a 2 4 a) z4 3
2
(d) None of these (a) 0 (b)
2
14. Find the complex number z satisfying the
3
z 12 5 z 4 (c) (d)
equations , 1 2[Roorkee 1993]
z 8i 3 z8
21. Let z, w be complex numbers such that
(a) 6 (b) 6 8 i
z iw 0 and arg zw . Then arg z equals [AIEEE
(c) 6 8 i, 6 17 i (d) None of these
(a) 5 / 4 (b) / 2
15. If z1 , z 2 , z 3 are complex numbers such that
(c) 3 / 4 (d) / 4
1 1 1
| z 1 | | z 2 | | z3 | 1, 22. If (1 x ) C 0 C 1 x C 2 x 2 ..... C n x n ,
n
then the
z1 z 2 z 3
value of C0 C 2 C 4 C6 ..... is
then | z 1 z 2 z 3 | is
n
[MP PET 2004; IIT Screening 2000] (a) 2 n (b) 2 n cos
(a) Equal to 1 (b) Less than 1 2
(c) Greater than 3 (d) Equal to 3 n n
(c) 2 n sin (d) 2 n / 2 cos
2 4
23. If x cos i sin and y cos i sin , then
x m y n x m y n is equal to
68 Complex Numbers
(a) cos( m n )
(c) e i / 2 (d) 3
e i
(b) cos( m n )
33. If the cube roots of unity be 1, , 2 , then the roots
(c) 2 cos( m n )
of the equation ( x 1)3 8 0 are
(d) 2 cos( m n )
[IIT 1979; MNR 1986; DCE 2000; AIEEE 2005]
8
2 r 2r (a) 1, 1 2 , 1 2 2
24. The value of
r 1
sin
9
i cos
9
is
(b) 1, 1 2 , 1 2 2
(a) 1 (b) 1
(c) i (d) i (c) 1, 1, 1
25. If a, b, c and u, v, w are complex numbers (d) None of these
representing the vertices of two triangles such 34. If 1, , 2 , 3 ......., n 1 are the n, n th roots of unity,
that c (1 r)a rb and w (1 r)u rv , where r is a
then (1 )(1 2 ).....(1 n 1 ) equals
complex number, then the two triangles
[MNR 1992; IIT 1984; DCE 2001; MP PET 2004]
(a) Have the same area (b) Are similar
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) Are congruent (d) None of these
(c) n (d) n 2
26. Suppose z1 , z 2 , z 3 are the vertices of an equilateral
35. The value of the expression
triangle inscribed in the circle | z| 2. If
1.(2 )(2 2 ) 2.(3 )(3 2 ) .......
z1 1 i 3 , then values of z3 and z2 are
.... (n 1).(n )(n 2 ),
respectively [IIT 1994]
where is an imaginary cube root of unity, is[IIT 1996]
(a) 2, 1 i 3 (b) 2, 1 i 3
1
(a) (n 1)n(n 2 3 n 4 )
(c) 1 i 3 , 2 (d) None of these 2
27. If the complex number z1 , z 2 the origin form an 1
(b) (n 1)n(n 2 3 n 4 )
4
equilateral triangle then z12 z 22 [IIT 1983]
1
(a) z1 z 2 (b) z1 z 2
(c) (n 1)n(n 2 3 n 4 )
2
(c) z 2 z1 (d) | z1 | 2 | z 2 | 2 (d)
1
(n 1)n(n 2 3 n 4 )
4
28. If at least one value of the complex number
334
z x iy satisfy the condition | z 2 | a 2 3 a 2 1 i 3
36. If i 1, then 4 5
2 2
and the inequality | z i 2 | a 2 , then
365
(a) a 2 (b) a 2 1 i 3
3 is equal to [IIT 199
(c) a 2 (d) None of these 2 2
29. If z, iz and z iz are the vertices of a triangle
whose area is 2 units, then the value of | z | is (a) 2000]
[RPET 1i 3 (b) 1 i 3
(a) – 2 (b) 2 (c) i 3 (d) i 3
(c) 4 (d) 8 37. If a cos( 2 / 7 ) i sin( 2 / 7 ), then the quadratic
30. If z 2 z | z | | z | 2 0 , then the locus of z is equation whose roots are a a2 a4 and
(a) A circle (b) A straight line 3 5 6
a a a is
(c) A pair of straight lines (d) None of these [RPET 2000]
31. If cos cos cos sin sin sin 0 then 2 2
(a) x x 2 0 (b) x x 2 0
cos 3 cos 3 cos 3 equals to [Karnataka CET 2000]
(c) x 2 x 2 0 (d) x 2 x 2 0
(a) 0 (b) cos( ) th
38. Let z 1 and z 2 be n roots of unity which are ends
(c) 3 cos( ) (d) 3 sin( )
of a line segment that subtend a right angle at the
r r origin. Then n must be of the form [IIT Screening
32. If z r cos i sin 2 , where r = 1, 2, 3,….,n, then
n2 n 2001; Karnataka 2002]
lim z 1 z 2 z 3 ... z n is equal to [UPSEAT
(a) 4k 2001]
+1 (b) 4k + 2
n
(a) cos i sin (b) cos( /2) i sin( /2) (c) 4k + 3 (d) 4k
Complex Numbers 69
39. Let is an imaginary cube roots of unity then 46 d 47 d 48 d 49 d 50 c
the value of 51 c 52 b 53 b 54 a 55 c
2 2 56 c 57 a 58 b 59 d 60 a
2( 1)( 1) 3(2 1)(2 1) .....
61 c 62 a 63 c 64 c 65 a
(n 1)(n 1)(n 2 1) is [Orissa JEE 2002] 66 c 67 d 68 c 69 b 70 b
2 2 71 c 72 a 73 a,d 74 a 75 d
n(n 1) n(n 1)
(a) n (b) 76 a 77 d 78 c 79 b 80 c
2 2 81 d 82 d 83 b 84 b 85 d
2 86 a 87 c
n(n 1)
(c) n (d) None of these
2
Square root, Representation and Logarithm of
40. is an imaginary cube root of unity. If
complex numbers
(1 2 )m (1 4 )m , then least positive integral
value of m is 1 a 2 b 3 b 4 c 5 a
[IIT Screening 2004] 6 d 7 d 8 a 9 b 10 b
(a) 6 (b) 5 11 c 12 a 13 c,d 14 c 15 a
(c) 4 (d) 3 16 b 17 c 18 d 19 d 20 c
21 a 22 b 23 c 24 d
Geometry of complex numbers
1 c 2 b 3 b 4 c 5 b
6 b 7 b 8 a 9 c 10 d
11 b 12 b 13 a,b 14 c 15 a
16 b 17 a 18 a 19 d 20 b
Integral power of iota, Algebraic operations and
21 d 22 a 23 d 24 d 25 d
Equality of complex numbers
26 c 27 a 28 d 29 b 30 b
31 a 32 b 33 b 34 a 35 b
1 b 2 b 3 c 4 b 5 b 36 a 37 d 38 d 39 c 40 a
6 d 7 c 8 b 9 d 10 d 41 d 42 c 43 b 44 d 45 a
11 a 12 c 13 b 14 a 15 c 46 a 47 b 48 b 49 c 50 b
16 c 17 a 18 c 19 a 20 a 51 b 52 a 53 c 54 c 55 c
21 d 22 d 23 b 24 b 25 d 56 b 57 c 58 b 59 d 60 a
26 d 27 c 28 a 29 a 30 c 61 a 62 d 63 a 64 d 65 b
31 a 32 b 33 c 34 c 35 d 66 b 67 a 68 b 69 a 70 b
36 b 37 b 38 c 39 c 40 c 71 c 72 b 73 a 74 b 75 d
41 a 42 a 43 d 44 d 45 b
46 b 47 d 48 a 49 d 50 d De Moivre's theorem and Roots of unity
51 c 52 a 53 b 54 c 55 a
56 c 57 b 58 c 59 c 60 d 1 c 2 c 3 d 4 b 5 a
61 c 62 a 63 b 64 b 65 d 6 d 7 c 8 a 9 c 10 b
66 b 67 b 11 d 12 a 13 d 14 b 15 c
16 c 17 b 18 a 19 c 20 b
Conjugate, Modulus and Argument 21 a 22 a 23 c 24 a 25 c
of complex numbers 26 a 27 c 28 a 29 b 30 d
31 d 32 c 33 c 34 b 35 a
1 d 2 a 3 c 4 a 5 a
36 b 37 d 38 b 39 c 40 c
6 d 7 c 8 a 9 b 10 c
41 b 42 b 43 d 44 b 45 b
11 b 12 a 13 c 14 c 15 c
16 b 17 c 18 d 19 b 20 b 46 b 47 a 48 c 49 a 50 a
21 b 22 c 23 b 24 c 25 c 51 b 52 d 53 a 54 c 55 a
26 a 27 d 28 a 29 a 30 c 56 b 57 a 58 b 59 a 60 a
31 b 32 a 33 a 34 a 35 c 61 a 62 d 63 a 64 c 65 a
36 c 37 b 38 d 39 c 40 a 66 b 67 d 68 c 69 c 70 c
41 b 42 c 43 a 44 c 45 b
71 a 72 d 73 a 74 a 75 c
70 Complex Numbers
76 c 77 d 78 c 79 c 80 d
81 c 82 c 83 a 84 a 85 b
86 d 87 d 88 a 89 c 90 a
91 d 92 a 93 b 94 c 95 a
96 c 97 b 98 a 99 c 100 b
101 a 102 c 103 d 104 c
Critical Thinking Questions
1 c 2 d 3 d 4 b 5 b
6 d 7 b 8 a 9 b 10 a
11 d 12 c 13 c 14 c 15 a
16 c 17 c 18 d 19 b 20 a
21 c 22 d 23 c 24 d 25 b
26 a 27 a 28 a 29 b 30 c
31 c 32 c 33 b 34 c 35 b
36 c 37 d 38 d 39 a 40 d
70 Complex Numbers
12. (c)
200
i(1 i 200 )
i
n 1
n
i i 2 i 3 .... i 200
1i
(since G.P.)
i(1 1)
0.
1i
13
Integral power of iota, Algebraic operations
and Equality of complex numbers
13. (b) (i
n 1
n
in 1 ) (i i 2 i3 .... i13 ) (i 2 i3 .... i14 )
i(1 i13 ) i 2 (1 i13 )
1. (b) 2 3 i 2 i 3 i2 6 6
1i 1i
2. (b) We know that i 2 1 1 i i 2 (1 i)
i i i2 i 1 .
(i 2 )2 (1)2 1 i4 n 1 n 1 i (1 i)
n n
and therefore i4 n 1 i i 1 i 1 2i
14. (a) in
1 i (1 i)(1 i) i 1 i 1 2
3. (c) Since i
1 i (1 i)(1 i) Hence, to make the real number the least
4 n 1
1 i positive integar is 2.
Therefore i 4 n 1 ii4 n i ( i 4 n 1)
1 i 15. (c) Let z i[1 3 5 .... ( 2 n 1)]
1 i 1 i 1 i (1 i) 2 2i Clearly series is A.P. with common difference
4. (b) i =2
1i 1i 1i 2 2
m
Tn 2n 1 and Tn 1 2n 1
1 i
im 1 (as given) So, number of terms in A. P. n 1
1 i
n 1
Now, S n 1 [2 .1 (n 1 1)2]
So the least value of m 4 { i4 1} 2
5. (b) If (1 i)n 2 n ......(i) n 1 2
S n 1 [2 2n] (n 1)2 i.e. i(n1)
We know that if two complex numbers are 2
equal, their moduli must also be equal, Now put n 1, 2, 3, 4 , 5, .....
therefore from (i), we have
n 1, z i4 1 , n 2, z i 6 1 ,
| (1 i)n | | 2 n | | 1 i | n | 2 | n , ( 2 n 0 )
n 3, z i 8 1 , n 4 , z i10 1 ,
n
1 2 (1) 2 2 n ( 2 )n 2 n n 5, z i12 1 ,........
1
2n / 2 2n
n
n n 0 16. (c) x 2 cos x 2 2 x cos 1 0
2 x
Trick : By inspection, (1 i)0 2 0 1 1 2 cos 4 cos 2 4
x x cos i sin .
2
6. (d) (1 i)5 (1 i)5 (1 i2 )5 2 5 32 .
17. (a) in in1 in2 in 3 in [1 i i2 i3 ] i n [1 i 1 i] 0 .
2 2
1 i 1 i 2i 2i
7. (c) 2 18. (c) (1 i)2 1 i 2 2i 2i and (1 i) 2 1 i 2 2i 2i
1 i 1 i 2i 2 i
(1 i)8 (1 i)8 (2 i)4 (2i)4 2 4 (i 4 i 4 )
i584 (i8 i6 i4 i 2 1) i584
8. (b) 1 574 1
574 8 6 4
i (i i i i 1) 2
i 2 5 32 .
19. (a) (1 i)10 [(1 i)2 ]5 (2i)5 32 i .
i10 1 1 1 2
9. (d) S 1 i2 i4 ..... i2n 1 1 1 1 ...... (1)n 20. (a) 1 i6 (1 i)6 [(1 i)2 ]3 [(1 i)2 ]3
Obviously it depends on n . (2 i)3 (2i)3 (8 8 )i3 0 .
Hence cannot be determined unless n is 21. (d) i i 2 i 3 ....... up to 1000 terms
known.
10. (d) Given expression is 1 1 1 1 ..... upto (2n 1) i(1 i1000 ) i(1 (i4 )250 ) i(1 1)
0.
terms 1i 1i 1i
Obviously number of terms is odd, so 22. (d) x 3 i x 3 i
expression has the value –1. x 2 6 x 10 0 x 3 3 x 2 8 x 15
2 3 6 8
11. (a) 1 i i i i 1 1 i 1 1 2 i .
x ( x 2 6 x 10 ) 3 ( x 2 6 x 10 ) 15
Complex Numbers 71
x (0) 3(0 ) 15 15 . this condition and in (a) and (c), (c) is most
2n 2n general value of .
23. (b) We have (1 i) (1 i)
2n ( 5 12 i 5 12 i )( 5 12 i 5 12 i )
1 i 31. (a)
1 (i) 2 n 1 (i) 2 n (1) 2 ( 5 12 i 5 12 i )( 5 12 i 5 12 i )
1 i
5 12 i 5 12 i 2 5 12 i 5 12 i
(i) 2 n (i 2 ) 2 (i) 2 n (i)4 2n 4 n 2 .
5 12 i 5 12 i
(1 i)x 2 i (2 3 i)y i 10 2 (13 ) 3 2i
24. (b) i i or .
3i 3 i 24 i 2 3
(4 2i)x (9 7 i)y 3 i 3 10 i 32. (b) According to condition z is multiplicative
Equating real and imaginary parts, we get identity therefore z 1 0 i .
2 x 7 y 13 and 4 x 9 y 3 . Hence x 3 and 33. (c) Given that a 2 b 2 1 , therefore
y 1 . 1 b ia (1 b ia)(1 b ia)
Trick : After finding the equations, no need to 1 b ia (1 b ia)(1 b ia)
solve them, put the values of x and y given
(1 b )2 a 2 2 ia(1 b ) (1 a 2 ) 2b b 2 2ia(1 b)
in the options and get the appropriate option.
1 b 2 2b a 2 2(1 b)
25. (d) If z 1 and z 2 be two complex number then
2b 2 2 b 2 ia(1 b )
Re (z1 z 2 ) Re( z1 ) Re( z 2 ) Im( z1 ) Im( z 2 ) b ia
2 (1 b )
1 3 3 4i
26. (d) 1 b ia 1 1 0
1 2 i 1 i 2 4i Trick : Put a 0, b 1 , 1
1 b ia 1 1 0
1 2i 3 3 i 6 16 12 i 8 i But options (a) and (c) give 1.
2 2
2
1 2 1 12 22 4 2 1 b ia 1 i
So again put a 1, b 0, i.
2 4 i 15 15 i 1 2 i 1 b ia 1 i
10 2 Which gives (c) only.
(17 11 i)(1 2i) 5 45 i 1 9 3 2i sin
i. 34. (c) will be purely imaginary, if the real
20 20 4 4 1 2 i sin
27. (c) If z x iy is the additive inverse of 1 i then 3 4 sin 2
part vanishes, i.e., 0
( x iy) (1 i) 0 x 1 0 , y 1 0 1 4 sin 2
x 1 , y 1 3 4 sin 2 0 (only if be real)
The additive inverse of 1 i is z 1 i 3
sin sin
Trick : Since (1 i) (1 i) 0 . 2 3
(1 i)2 2 i 3 i
28. (a) Re Re n (1)n n
3 i 3 i 3 i 3 3
1
(1 i)2 2i 3 i
Re Re 35. (d) {(1 cos ) i. 2 sin }1 2 sin2 i.4 sin cos
3 i 2 2 2
3 i 3 i
1 1
6i 2 2 6 1
= 2 sin sin i. 2 cos
Re
9 1 Re 10 10 i 5 . 2 2 2
29. (a) (1 i)x (1 i)y 1 3 i (x y) i ( x y ) 1 3 i
1 i.2 cos
sin
1 2 2
Equating real and imaginary parts, we get 2 sin
2
x y 1 and x y 3 ; x 2, y 1 . Thus sin i.2 cos sin i.2 cos
2 2 2 2
point is (2, 1) .
sin i. 2 cos
(3 2 i sin )(1 2i sin ) 3 4 sin 2 8 sin 2 2
30. (c) = i .
(1 2i sin )(1 2 i sin ) 1 4 sin 2 1 4 sin 2 2
2 sin sin 4 cos 2
2 2 2
Now, since it is real, therefore Im (z ) 0
it’s real part
8 sin
= 0 sin 0 , n
1 4 sin 2 sin
2 1 1
where n 0 , 1, 2, 3, ......
5 3 cos
Trick : Check for (a), if n 0, 0 the given 2 sin 1 3 cos 2 2 1 3 cos 2
2 2 2
number is absolutely real but (c) also satisfies
36. (b) ( x iy)1 / 3 a ib ( x iy) (a ib)3
72 Complex Numbers
a 3 3 a 2 .ib 3 a.(ib) 2 (ib) 3 45. (b) a ib c id , it is defined if and only if
imaginary parts must be equal to zero.
a 3 3 ab 2 i(3 a 2b b 3 )
Therefore ib id 0 b d 0 ( i 0 )
Equating real and imaginary parts, we get
3
x y 46. (b) If x iy
a 2 3b 2 and 3a 2 b 2 2 cos i sin
a b
3(2 cos i sin ) 6 3 cos 3 i sin
x y
4 (a 2 b 2 ) (2 cos ) 2 sin 2 4 cos 2 4 cos sin 2
a b
2 2 6 3 cos 3 sin
2i 2i 1 i i
37. (b) (i 1)2 i2 1 2i 2i . 5 4 cos 5 4 cos
1 i 1 i 1 i
3(2 cos ) 3 sin
38. (c) Equation ( x iy)(2 3 i) 4 i x ,y
5 4 cos 5 4 cos
(2 x 3 y ) i(3 x 2 y ) 4 i 9
x2 y2
Equating real and imaginary parts, we get (5 4 cos )2
2 x 3y 4 ......(i)
[4 cos 2 4 cos sin 2 ]
3 x 2 y 1 ......(ii)
9 6 3 cos
5 14 4 3 4x 3
From (i) and (ii), we get x ,y 5 4 cos 5 4 cos
13 13
3(2 cos i sin )
4 i (4 i)(2 3 i) 5 14 Trick : x iy
Aliter : x iy i . (2 cos i sin )(2 cos i sin )
2 3i 13 13 13
Let y 0 , then sin 0 i.e., 0 .
39. (c) Given equation
4 2
( x 2 xi) (3 x yi) (3 5 i) (1 2 yi) Now put x 1 then x 2 y 2 1 2 0 1 .
Also option (b) gives 4(1) – 3=1.
( x 4 3 x 2 ) i(2 x 3 y ) 4 5 i
( p i)2 ( p 2 1 2 pi)(2 p i)
Equating real and imaginary parts, we get 47. (d) i
2p i (2 p i)(2 p i)
x4 3x2 4 ......(i)
2 p( p 2 2) i(5 p 2 1)
and 2 x 3 y 5 .....(ii)
4 p2 1
1
From (i) and (ii), we get x 2 and y 3, 4 p 2 ( p 2 2) 2 (5 p 2 1) 2
3 2 2
1 (4 p 2 1) 2
Trick : Put x 2, y 3 and then x 2, y
,
3 4p6 6p 2 9p4 1
we see that they both satisfy the given (4 p 2 1) 2
equation.
p 4 (4 p 2 1) 2 p 2 (4 p 2 1) (4 p 2 1)
(1 i)2 (2i)(2 i) 2 4
40. (c) We have i . (4 p 2 1) 2
2 i (2 i)(2 i) 5 5
p 4 2 p 2 1 ( p 2 1) 2
4 .
Thus Im (z ) . 4p2 1 4p2 1
5
41. (a) If z 0 . Let z x iy z 2 x 2 y 2 i(2 xy ) 48. (a) Given that z 3 4 i z 2 7 24 i ,
z 4 117 44 i and z 4 527 336 i
Re(z)= 0 x 0 . Therefore Im(z 2 ) 2 xy 0
z 4 3 z 3 3 z 2 99 z 95 5
Thus Re( z ) 0 Im( z 2 ) 0 .
Aliter : z 3 4 i (z 3) 2 16
5(8 6 i) 40 30 i
42. (a) a ib 15 20 i a ib z 2 6 z 25 0
(1 i)2 2i
z 4 3 z 3 3 z 2 99 z 95
Equating real and imaginary parts, we get 2
(z 2 3 z 4 )(z 2 6 z 25 ) 5 (z 3 z 4 )(0 ) 5 5
a 15 and b 20 .
49. (d) If z 1 1 i and z 2 2 4 i
43. (d) The two complex numbers can be compare
only when their real and imaginary parts are z 1 z 2 (1 i)(2 4 i) z z
Then 2 4 i Im 1 2 4.
equal. In other words, there is no meaning of 1i
z1 z1
>, < in complex numbers.
3 x 2iy 15
1 2i 4 i (1 2i)(3 2i) (4 i)(2 i) 50. (d) Given that
44. (d) 5i 2 8 x 3 iy
2 i 3 2i (2 i)(3 2i)
24 x 2 9 ixy 6 y 2 16 ixy 75 i 30
50 120 i 10 24
i. 24 x 2 6 y 2 25 ixy 75 i 30
65 13 13
Complex Numbers 73
Equating real and imaginary parts, we get
2 2 2 2
a ib (i)4 25
1 0 i, Hence, a 1, b 0 .
24 x 6 y 30 or 4 x y 5 and xy 3
z1 4 5 i 3 2 i 12 8 i 15 i 10
On solving we get x 1, y 3 58. (c)
z 2 3 2i 3 2i 9 (2i)2
100
51. (c) i k
x iy, 1 i i 2 ...... i100 x iy z 1 2 23 2 23
i ,
k 0 z 2 13 13 13 13
Given series is G.P.
59. (c) Given z 1i and i 1. Squaring both
1 .(1 i101 ) 1i
x iy x iy sides, we get z (1 i) 1 2i i 2 1 2i 1 or
2 2
1i 1i
1 0 i x iy z 2 2i.
Equating real and imaginary parts, we get the Since it is multiplicative identity, therefore
required result. 1 i i i
1 iz 1 i(b ic) /(1 a) 1 a c ib multiplicative inverse of z 2 2 .
52. (a) 2i i 2 i 2
1 iz 1 i(b ic) /(1 a) 1 a c ib
6i 3i 1
(1 a c ib)(1 a c ib)
60. (d) 4 3i 1 = x iy
(1 a c)2 b 2
20 3 i
1 2 a a 2 b 2 c 2 2 ib 2iab)
6i 4 0 0
1 a 2 c 2 b 2 2ac 2(a c )
4 3i 1 x iy [R1 R1 R 2 ]
a 2 b 2 c 2 2 a a 2 b 2 c 2 2 ib(1 a)
= 20 3 i
1 1 2 ac 2(a c)
2 a(a 1) 2ib(1 a) a ib (6 i 4 )(3 i 2 3) = x iy
.
2(1 a)(1 c) 1c (6 i 4 ) (3 3) x iy
53. (b) Let z 1 a ib, z 2 c id , then x iy 0 0 i. 0 ( x , y ) (0, 0 ) .
z 1 z 2 is real (a c) i(b d ) is real
61. (c) a cos i sin .
b d 0 d b .....(i)
1 a (1 cos ) i sin
z 1 z 2 is real (ad bd ) i(ac bc ) is real .
1 a (1 cos ) i sin
ad bc 0 a(b ) bc 0 a c
Rationalization of denominator, we get
z1 a ib c id z 2 ( a c and b d )
1 a (1 cos ) i sin (1 cos ) i sin
54. (c) (x iy)(p iq) (x 2 y 2 )i 1 a (1 cos ) i sin (1 cos ) i sin
( xp yq ) i(xq yp ) (x 2 y 2 )i (1 cos )(1 cos ) (1 cos )i sin (1 cos )i sin i2 sin2
2 2
xp yq 0 , xq yp x y (1 cos )2 (i sin )2
x y
and xq yp x 2 y 2 1 cos 2 i sin i sin cos i sin i sin cos sin 2
q p
1 cos 2 2 cos sin2
x y
Let . then x q, y p 1 (cos 2 sin 2 ) 2i sin 2i sin
q p
1 (cos 2 sin 2 ) 2 cos 2(1 cos )
xq yp x 2 y 2 2 1
x q, y p . i. 2 sin cos cos
2 2 i 2 i cot .
(cos x i sin x )(cos y i sin y ) 2
55. (a) L.H.S. sin u cos v 2 sin 2 sin
(cos u i sin u)(cos v i sin v ) 2 2
sin u cos v[cos( x y u v ) i sin( x y u v )] 62. (a) 3 2 yi 9 x 7 i
1 i (3 2i) 5 i Equating real and imaginary parts both sides
56. (c) x iy
3 2 i (3 2i) 13 9 x 3 3 2 x 3 1 2 x 1 x 0.5
5 1 2y 7 y 3.5 .
Hence x ,y .
13 13
1 2i 1 2i 1 i 1 3
100 63. (b) z z i
1 i 1 i 1 i 1i 1i 1i 2 2
57. (b) Given, a ib ; a ib
1 i 1 i 1 i This complex number will lie in the II
100 100
quadrant. Ans. (b)
(1 i)2 2i
a ib (i)100 1 1 (1 cos) i sin
64. (b)
2 2 1 cos i sin (1 cos) i sin (1 cos) i sin
74 Complex Numbers
(1 cos ) i sin (1 cos ) i sin 4. (a) Let z x iy, z x iy
(1 cos )2 sin 2 2(1 cos )
z z 0 ( x iy)(x iy) 0 x 2 y 2 0
(1 cos ) sin It is possible only when x and y both
i .
2(1 cos ) 2(1 cos ) simultaneously zero i.e., z 0 0 i 0
1 cos 1 5. (a) (a ib)(c id)(e if )(g ih) A iB .....(i)
Therefore its real part =
2 (1 cos ) 2 (a ib)(c id)(e if )(g ih) A iB ......(ii)
65. (d) a ib c id, defined if and only if its Multiplying (i) and (ii), we get
imaginary parts must be equal to zero, i.e. (a 2 b 2 )(c 2 d 2 )(e 2 f 2 )(g 2 h 2 ) A 2 B 2
b d 0. So, b 2 d 2 0 .
6. (d) Let z x iy, so that z x iy, therefore
66. (b) We know that, multiplicative inverse of x iy
1 1 z 2 z 0 ( x 2 y 2 x ) i (2 xy y ) 0
is According to question x iy
x iy x iy Equating real and imaginary parts, we get
and only (b) is satisfying such condition. x 2 y2 x 0 .....(i)
1/3
67. (b) ( x iy) a ib 1
and 2 xy y 0 y 0 or x
2
x iy (a ib)3 (a 3 3 ab 2 ) i(b 3 3 a 2 b )
If y 0 , then (i) gives x 2 x 0 x 0 or
x a 3 3 ab 2 , y b 3 3 a 2 b x 1
1
x y If x ,
a 2 3b 2 , b 2 3 a 2 2
a b
1 1 3 3
x y Then x 2 y 2 x 0 y 2
y
a 2 3b 2 b 2 3a 2 4 2 4 2
a b
Hence, there are four solutions in all.
x y 7. (c) Here z z ( x iy) ( x iy) 2 x (Real)
4 (a 2 b 2 ) k (a 2 b 2 )
a b
and z z ( x iy)(x iy) x 2 y 2 (Real).
k 4.
8. (a) According to condition, 3 ix 2 y x 2 y 4 i
Conjugate, Modulus and Argument of x 2 y 3 and x 2 y 4 x 2, y 1
complex numbers ( x , y ) (2,1) or (2, 1)
2 5 i (2 5 i)(4 3 i) 7 26 i
9. (b) .
1. (d) sin x i cos 2 x and cos x i sin 2 x are conjugate to 4 3i 25 25
each other if sin x cos x and cos 2 x sin 2 x Therefore conjugate of the complex number is
5 9 7 26 i
or tan x 1 x
, , ,...... ……(i) .
4 4 4 25
5 9 10. (c) As we know if a is real, then a a
and tan 2 x 1 2 x , , ,........
4 4 4 (z a)(z a) (z a)(z a) (z a)(z a) | z a | 2
5 9
or x , , ....... …..(ii) z i x i(y 1) x i(y 1)
8 8 8 11. (b) Here .
z i x i(y 1) x i(y 1)
There exists no value of x common in (i) and
(ii). Therefore there is no value of x for ( x 2 y 2 1) i(2 x )
which the given complex numbers are x 2 (y 1)2
conjugate.
z i
1 As is purely imaginary, we get
2. (a) Let z x iy, z x iy and z 1 z i
x iy
x 2 y2 1 0 x 2 y2 1 zz 1.
x iy x iy
(z 1 ) 2 ; (z 1 ) z 2 ( x iy) 1 ci
x y2 x y2 12. (a) a ib .....(i)
c i
3. (c) Let z x iy , then its conjugate z x iy c i
a ib .....(ii)
Given that z 2 (z )2 ci
x 2 y 2 2ixy x 2 y 2 2 ixy 4 ixy 0 Multiplying (i) and (ii), we get
If x 0 then y 0 and if y 0 then x 0 c2 1
a2 b 2 a2 b 2 1 .
c2 1
Complex Numbers 75
13. (c) Given that ( x iy)(1 2 i) 1 i z1 z 2 z z2
24. (c) Given 1 1 cos i sin (say)
1i 1i z1 z 2 z1 z 2
x iy x iy .
1 2i 1 2i z1 1 cos i sin
i cot
(2 i) 2
3 4 i 3 i 13 9 z 2 1 cos i sin 2
14. (c) z i
3i 3 i 3 i 10 10 which is zero, if n (n I), and is otherwise
13 9 purely imaginary.
Conjugate i .
10 10 25. (c) | z | z 1 2i
15. (c) z 3 5 i , z 3 5 i Let z x iy , therefore | x iy | ( x iy) 1 2 i
3 3 3 3
z (3 5 i) 3 (5 i) 3 . 3 . 5 i (3 5 i) Equating real and imaginary parts, we get
3
198 10 i x 2 y 2 x 1 and y 2 x
2
Hence, z 3 z 198 10 i 198 3 5 i 198 3 5 i . 3
Hence complex number z 2 i .
2 3i (2 3i) (4 i) 8 3 12i 2i 11 10 i 2
16. (b)
4 i (4 i) (4 i) 16 1 17 3 3
Trick : Since 2i 2i
11 10 i 2 2
Conjugate .
17 9 3 5 3
4 2 i 2i 1 2i
17. (c) Let z 1 i z 1 i 4 2 2 2
18. (d) Given inequality | z 4 | | z 2 | 26. (a) Let z 1 a ib (a, b) and z 2 c id (c,d )
2 2 2 2 2 2
| z 4 | | z 2 | (x 4 ) y ( x 2) y Where a 0 and d 0 ......(i)
2 2 2 2
4 x 12 Re( z ) 3 . Then | z 1 | | z 2 | a b c d
2 z1 z 3 z 1 z 2 (a ib) (c id)
19. (b) As given, let iy or 1 iy , so that Now
3z2 z2 2 z 1 z 2 (a ib) (c id)
z1 3 3 [(a c) i(b d )][(a c) i(b d )]
1 iy 1 1 iy
z1 z 2
z1 z 2
z2
z1
2
3
2
3
1 | z | | z | [(a c) i(b d )][(a c) i(b d )]
1 iy 1 1 iy (a 2 b 2 ) (c 2 d 2 ) 2(ad bc )i
z2 2 2
a 2 c 2 2 ac b 2 d 2 2bd
20. (b) | z 1 z 2 | 2 | z 1 z 2 | 2
(ad bc )i
[using (i)]
(x 1 x 2 )2 (y1 y 2 )2 ( x 1 x 2 )2 (y1 y 2 )2 a 2 b 2 ac bd
2( x 12 ) 2(y 12 ) 2(x 22 ) 2(y 22 ) 2 | z 1 | 2 2 | z 2 | 2 1
(z z 2 )
is purely imaginary.
z 1 (z 1 z 2 )
21. (b) Let iy where y R
z 1 (z 1 z 2 )
However if ad bc 0 , then will be
1 iy 1 iy 1 iy (1 y 2 ) 2iy (z 1 z 2 )
This gives z
1 iy 1 iy 1 iy 1 y2 equal to zero. According to the conditions of
2 the equation, we can have ad bc 0
1 1y
| z| (1 y 2 )2 4 y 2 1. Trick : Assume any two complex numbers
1 y2 1 y2
satisfying both conditions i.e., z 1 z 2 and
22. (c) L.H.S.= | z 2 | | ( x iy)2 | | z 1 | | z 2 |
| x 2 y 2 2ixy | (x 2 y 2 )2 (2 xy )2 z1 z 2 3 i
Let z 1 2 i, z 2 1 2i, i
z1 z 2 1 3i
x 2
y2
2
…..(i)
Hence the result.
R.H.S. | z | 2 | x iy | 2 ( x 2 y 2 )2 27. (d) It may be greater than, less than or equal to
x 2 y2 ……(ii) zero.
Therefore | z 2 | | z | 2 28. (a) If | z 1 | 1 and | z 2 | 1, then
| z 1 z 2 | | z 1 || z 2 | 1 . 1 1
(b) True (c) False (since z z ).
2 2 29. (a) Suppose there exists a complex number z
23. (b) z 2 | z | 2 | z | 2 2 | z | 2 0 which satisfies the given equation and is such
z | z|
that | z | 1 .
2 4 8
| z | 1 3 .
2 Then z4 z 2 0 2 z4 z
Hence max. value of | z | is 1 3 | 2 | | z 4 z |
76 Complex Numbers
2 | z 4 | | z | 2 2, because| z | 1 2 z1 cos i sin 1
2 z 2 cos 1 i sin
But 2 2 is not possible. Hence given
equation cannot have a root z such that | z | 1 (Applying componendo and dividendo)
30. (c) We have | z k | 1, k 1, 2,.... n z
1 i cot iz1 cot z 2
z2 2 2
1
| zk | 2 1 z k z k 1 z k
zk But iz1 kz 2 k cot
2
Therefore | z 1 z 2 .... z n | | z 1 z 2 .... z n | 2k
Now k cot cot k tan 2
( | z | | z |) 2 2 k 1
2k 1 2k 1
1 1 1 tan tan 2
2 tan k
| z 1 z 2 ..... z n | .... 1k2 1 k
z1 z 2 zn
z1 z 2
Aliter : Let z k cos k i sin k , k 1, 2,.... n Now cos i sin
z1 z 2
So that | z k | cos 2 k sin 2 k 1 is the angle between z 1 z 2 and z 1 z 2 .
1 37. (b) Let z r(cos i sin ) .
Then (cos k i sin k ) 1 (cos k i sin k ) 2
zk 1 1
Then z 1 z =1
Now, z 1 z 2 ..... z n z z
2
(cos 1 ..... cos n ) i(sin 1 ..... sin n ) 1
r(cos i sin ) (cos i sin ) 1 .
1 1 1 r
and ..... 2 2
z1 z2 zn 1 1
r cos 2 r sin 2 1
(cos 1 ..... cos n ) i(sin 1 ..... sin n ) r r
1
1 1 1 r2 2 cos 2 1
Hence | z 1 z 2 ..... z n | ..... r2
z1 z 2 zn
dr
Since each side is equal to Since | z | r is maximum, therefore 0
d
(cos 1 ..... cos n ) 2 (sin 1 .... sin n ) 2 Differentiating (i) w.r.t. , we get
1 dr 2 dr
31. (b) Given that z z z 1 | z | 2 1 | z | 1 2r 4 sin 2 0
z d r 3 d
32. (a) It is a fundamental property. dr
Putting 0 ,we get sin 2 0 0 or
33. (a) Let z x iy ......(i) d 2
z is purely imaginary or purely real.
Given | z i | | z i |
( 0 is not given)
or | x iy i | | x iy i |
38. (d) Trick : Check by putting z 1 1 0 i and
or | x i(y 1)| | x i(y 1)| z2 0 i
2 2 2 2
or x (y 1) x (y 1) 1 1
39. (c) R.H.S = | ( z 1 z 2 )2 | | ( z 1 z 2 )2 |
2 2 2 2 2 2
or x (y 1) x (y 1)
1 1
| z1 z 2 | 2 | z1 z 2 | 2 {| z 2 | | z | 2 }
or y 2 2 y 1 y 2 2 y 1 or 4 y 0 or y 0 2 2
Hence from (i), we get z x , where x is any 1
2 [| z 1 | | z 2 | 2 ] | z 1 | | z 2 |
2
real number. 2
34. (a) z x iy , then | z 5 | | x iy 5 | | x 5 iy | 9 4 12 i 5 12
40. (a) 3 2i 3 2i 3 2i i
3 2 i 3 2i 3 2 i 13 13 13
( x 5 )2 y 2 .
2 2
(2 i) 2i 2 5 5 12
35. (c) (1 i) | 1 i | 1 Modulus = 1 .
(3 i) 3i 10 13
13
z1 z 2 z z2 41. (b) z x iy | z | 2 x 2 y 2 1 .....(i)
36. (c) 1 1 cos i sin
z1 z 2 z1 z 2 z 1 (x 1) iy ( x 1) iy
Now,
z 1 ( x 1) iy ( x 1) iy
Complex Numbers 77
( x 2 y 2 1) 2iy 2 iy r cos 5 and r sin 3
[by equation
( x 1)2 y 2 ( x 1)2 y 2 3 3
tan tan 1
(i)] 5
5
z 1
Hence, is purely imaginary. 1 i 1 i 1 i (1 i)2
z 1 48. (d)
1i 1i 1i 2
42. (c) Given expression, | 2 z 1 | | 3 z 2 | , minimum Now 1 i r(cos i sin ) r cos 1, r sin 1
1 r 2 , / 4
value of | 2 z 1 | is 0 at z . So value of given
2
1 1 1 i 2 cos i sin
expression , minimum value of
0 4 4
2 2 2
2 1 1
| 3 z 2 | is 0, at z . So value of given (1 i)2 . 2 cos i sin
3 2 2 4 4
1 1
expression 0 . So minimum value of By De Moivre's Theorem, cos i sin
3 3 2 2
1
given expression is .
3 Hence the amplitude is and modulus is 1.
2
43. (a) | z | 1 | x i y | 1 x 2 y 2 1 1 i
Trick : arg arg(1 i) arg(1 i)
z 1 (x 1) i y ( x 1) i y 1 i
z 1 ( x 1) i y ( x 1) i y 45 o (45 o ) 90 o
(x 2 y 2 1) 2i y 2i y 1i 1i 2
1.
( x 1)2 y 2 ( x 1)2 y 2 ( x 1)2 y 2 1i 1i 2
( x 2 y 2 1) 49. (d) Let z x iy, z x iy
Re ( ) 0 . y
Since arg(z ) tan 1
x
3 4 xi
44. (c) i . Taking modulus and squaring y
3 4 xi arg(z ) tan 1
x
on both sides, 2 2 1 .
Thus arg(z ) arg(z ) .
45. (b) We have | z 1 | 1 and z 2 be any complex
number. 5
50. (c) | z | 4 and arg z 150 o
6
z1 z 2 | z z2 |
1 ; z 1 z1 | z 1 | 2
1 z1 z 2 z2 Let z x iy , then | z | r x 2 y 2 4
1
z1 5
and 150 o
| z z2 | 6
1 | z 1 | ; Given that | z 1 | 1
| z1 z 2 | x r cos 4 cos 150 o 2 3 .
| z1 z 2 | | z1 z 2 | 1
1. and y r sin 4 sin 150 o 4 2
| z1 z 2 | | z1 z 2 | 2
46. (d) Let z 1 r1 (cos 1 i sin 1 ) , z 2 r2 (cos 2 i sin 2 ) z x iy 2 3 2i
2
| z1 z 2 | [(r1 cos 1 r2 cos 2 ) 5
Trick : Since 150 o , here the
arg z
(r2 sin 1 r2 sin 2 )2 ]1 / 2 6
complex number must lie in second quadrant,
[r12 r22 2 r1 r2 cos( 1 2 )]1 / 2 [(r1 r2 )2 ]1 / 2 so (a) and (b) rejected. Also | z | 4 which
(| z 1 z 2 | | z 1 | | z 2 |) satisfies (c) only.
Therefore cos( 1 2 ) 1 1 2 0 1 2
1i 3 (1 i 3 )(1 i 3 )
Thus arg (z 1 ) arg(z 2 ) 0 . 51. (c) If z
1i 3 (1 i 3 )(1 i 3 )
Trick : | z 1 z 2 | | z 1 | | z 2 | z 1 , z 2 lies on same
1 3 2i 3 2 2i 3 1 3
straight line. i
13 4 2 2
arg z 1 arg z 2 arg z 1 arg z 2 0
y
Thus arg(z ) tan 1 tan 1 3 60 o .
47. (d) Let z 5 3 i x 3
r(cos i sin ) 5 3 i Since the complex number lies in III quadrant,
therefore
78 Complex Numbers
arg (z ) is 180 o + 60 o 240 o z1 z 2 is purely
1 i 3 imaginary.
Aliter : arg arg(1 i 3 ) arg(1 i 3 )
63. (c) We have | z 1 z 2 | 2
1 i 3
| z 1 | 2 | z 2 | 2 2 | z 1 || z 2 | cos( 1 2 )
60 o 60 o 120 o or 240 o .
52. (b) It is a fundamental concept. where 1 arg(z 1 ) and 2 arg(z 2 )
53. (b) z sin i(1 cos ) Since arg z 1 arg z 2 0
2 | z 1 z 2 | 2 | z 1 | 2 | z 2 | 2 2 | z 1 || z 2 |
cos 2 sin
1 1 1 2
amp (z ) tan tan
(| z 1 | | z 2 |) 2
sin
2 sin cos
2 2 | z 1 z 2 | || z 1 | | z 2 ||
64. (c) Squaring the given relations implies that
tan 1 tan .
2 2 x 1 x 2 y1 y 2 0
1i 3 y1 y
54. (a) Let z amp (z ) or arg(z ) Now amp z 1 amp z 2 tan 1 tan 1 2
1 3 x1 x2
3 /(1 3 ) y1 y 2
tan 1 tan
1
3
3 1 x1 x 2 y x y2x1
1 /(1 3 ) tan tan 1 1 2 tan 1 .
y1 y 2 x 1 x 2 y1 y 2 2
3 1
x1 x 2
55. (c) arg(1 i 3 ) tan 1 120 o
1
z
65. (a) We have arg 1
because it lies in second quadrant.
z2
3 i 3 i 6 5i i2 6 5 i i2
56. (c) arg arg arg(z 1 ) arg(z 2 ) arg (z 1 ) arg (z 2 )
2 i 2 i 5
Let arg (z 2 ) , then arg (z 1 )
10
arg 0 . z 1 | z 1 | [cos( ) i sin( )]
5
| z 1 | ( cos i sin )
57. (a) We know that the principal value of lies
between and . and z 2 | z 2 | (cos i sin ) | z1 | (cos i sin )
58. (b) Let z 0 ib , where b 0 . Then z lies on +ve (| z 1 | | z 2 |)
Hence z 1 z 2 0 .
y-axis and so arg(z ) .
2
59. (d) Let z 0 ib , where b 0 . Then z is y y
66. (c) amp(z) amp ( z ) tan 1 tan 1
represented by a point on O Y (negative x x
sin
direction of y axis), therefore arg(z ) . 67. (d) amp (z ) tan 1
2 1 cos
60. (a) Let z a i0 , where a 0 . Then z is
represented by a point on negative side of x- tan 1 cot tan 1 tan .
2 2 2 2 2
axis, therefore arg(z )
61. (c) Since the multiplication of a complex number z
68. (c) arg 1 arg z1 arg (z 2 ) arg z1 arg z 2 arg(z 1 .z 2 )
by i rotates through it by a right angle in z2
negative (clockwise) direction.
Option (c) gives the same result.
62. (a) We have | z 1 z 2 | 2 | z 1 | 2 | z 2 | 2
13 5 i
69. (b) arg arg(13 5 i) arg(4 9 i)
| z 1 | 2 | z 2 | 2 2 | z 1 || z 2 | cos( 1 2 ) 4 9i
| z 1 | 2 | z 2 | 2 5 9
tan 1 tan 1
Where 1 arg(z 1 ), 2 arg(z 2 ) 13 4 4
70. (b) Let z 1 r1 (cos 1 i sin 1 )
cos( 1 2 ) 0 1 2
2 Then | z 1 | | z 2 | | z 2 | r1
z z | z1 | and arg(z 1 ) arg(z 2 ) 0 arg(z 2 ) arg(z1 ) 1
arg 1 Re 1
2 z
| z | cos 2 0
z2 2 2 z 2 r1 [cos( 1 ) i sin(1 )] r1 (cos 1 i sin 1 )
z z 1 z1 z 2 .
Note : Also Re 1 0 Re( z 1 z 2 ) 0
z2 71. (c) | z 1 z 2 | | z 1 | | z 2 |
Complex Numbers 79
| z 1 z 2 | 2 | z1 | 2 | z 2 | 2 2 | z1 || z 2 |
sin
10
| z 1 | 2 | z 2 | 2 2 Re | z 1 z 2 | For amplitude, tan tan .
10 10
cos
| z1 | 2 | z 2 | 2 2 | z 1 || z 2 | 10
2 Re | z 1 z 2 | 2 | z1 || z 2 | 81. (d) Let z 1 i 3
2 | z1 || z 2 | cos(1 2 ) 2 | z 1 || z 2 | b 3
then tan 1 tan 1
cos( 1 2 ) 1 or 1 2 0 a 1 3
arg(z 1 ) arg(z 2 ) Clearly, z is in III quadrant.
2 Therefore argument
1 i 1 i 1 i (1 i) 2i
72. (a) i 2
1 i 1 i 1 i 2 2 ( ) ( / 3) .
3
Im(z ) 0 , Hence amplitude = / 2 . 82. (d) | z | | | 1 ......(i)
73. (a,d) These are the properties of moduli. z z z
and arg i 1 .....(ii)
1 3 i
2
74. (a) amp amp (1 3 i ) amp ( 3 i) From equation (i) and (ii)
3 i
z z
| z | | | 1 and 0; z z 0
.
3 6 6 z
z z ; z i| | 2 i. .
75. (d) Amplitude of 0 is not defined.
83. (b) We have z x iy and let their complex z 2
76. (a) Since arg z 0 i.e. – ve, we choose arg z = –
and given that arg (z ) z 2
where is ve
y
arg (z ) [ ( )] z 2 arg(z ) ; z 2 tan 1
x
2 ( ) arg(z ) z 2 [arg (z )]
arg ( z ) arg(z ) . . which lies in second quadrant, i.e. z .
1 2i 1 2i 1 2i
1 3i 1 3i 3 i 84. (b) 1 0i
77. (d) z 1 (1 i) 2 1 (1 1 2i) 1 2 i
3 i 3 i 3 i
Modulus =1
3 i 3i 3 4i 0
= i Amplitude = tan 1 0.
3 1 4 1
amp (z ) / 2 [ tan b / a] 85. (d) Given z1 1 2 i , z 2 3 5 i and z 2 3 5 i
2 2 1 3i 2 2 3i z 2 z 1 (3 5 i)(1 2 i) 13 i
78. (c) z =
1 3i 1 3i 1 3i 13 z2 (3 5 i) 3 5i
1 3 3 / 2 2
z i arg (z ) tan 1 . 13 i 3 5 i 44 62 i
2 2 1/ 2 3 =
3 5i 3 5i 34
3 i z z 44 22
79. (b) z cos i sin
6 6 2 2 Then Re 2 1
34 17 .
z2
3 1
| z | 1 86. (a) Given : (3 i)z (3 i)z
4 4
and Let z x (3 i) , x R
y 1/2 1 L.H.S. = (3 i)z = (3 i) x (3 i)
arg (z ) tan 1 tan 1 tan 1
3
x 3 / 2
= x (3 i) (3 i) x [(3)2 1 2 ] 10 x
1
arg(z ) tan tan .
6 6
R.H.S. = (3 i)z (3 i) x (3 i) x [3 2 1 2 ] 10 x
80. (c) sin i 1 cos 2 sin cos i2 sin 2 Hence, L.H.S. = R.H.S.
5 5 10 10 10
z x (3 i) satisfies the equation, then
2 sin cos i sin
10 10 10 z x (3 i) , where x is a real number.
80 Complex Numbers
87. (c) ( 8 i) 50 3 49 (a ib) a x 2 y 2 , b 2 xy and hence
Taking modulus and squaring on both sides,
a ib x 2 y 2 2 xyi ( x yi) 2 x iy
we get
Note: In the question, it should have been
(8 1) 50 3 98 (a 2 b 2 ) given that a, b, x , y R.
9 50 3 98 (a 2 b 2 )
7. (d) Since 1 i 2 cos i sin ,| 1 i| 2
4 4
3 100 3 98 (a 2 b 2 )
| 1 i| x 2 x ( 2 ) x 2 x 2 x / 2 2 x
(a 2 b 2 ) 9 . x
x x 0
2
Square root, Representation and Logarithm of Therefore, the number of non-zero integral
complex numbers solutions is nil or zero.
1 7i (1 7 i) (3 4 i) 25 25 i
8. (a) 1 i
1. (a) x iy
a ib
x iy
a ib (2 i) 2 (3 4 i) (3 4 i) 25
c id c id Let z x iy 1 i
2 2
a b 3
Also x 2 y 2 ( x iy)(x iy) r cos 1 and r sin =1 and r 2
c2 d 2 4
a2 b 2 1 7i 3 3
(x 2 y 2 )2 Thus 2 cos i sin
c2 d 2 (2 i)2 4 4
2. (b) Given that 8 6 i x iy z
1 7i 1 7i
Aliter : 2
8 6i (x iy)2 (2 i)2 3 4i
x 2 y 2 8 .....(i) and 2 xy 6 .....(ii)
1 7i 4
2 2 and arg tan 1 7 tan 1
Now x y 64 36 10 .....(iii) 3 4i 3
From (i) and (iii), we get x 1 and y 3 4 3
tan 1 7 tan 1
Hence z (1 3 i) 3 4
Trick : Since {(1 3 i)}2 8 6 i 1 7i 3 3
2
2 cos i sin
3. (b) 7 24 i x iy (2 i) 4 4
Squaring both sides, 7 24 i x 2 y 2 i(2 xy ) 9. (b) If z re i r(cos i sin )
Equating real and imaginary parts, we get iz ir(cos i sin ) r sin ir cos
x 2 y 2 7 and 2 xy 24 or e iz e ( r sin ir cos ) e sin e ri cos
x 2 y 2 49 576 625 25 or | e iz | | e r sin || e ri cos | e r sin | e ir cos |
4. (c) x iy (a bi) e r sin [{cos 2 (r cos ) sin 2 (r cos )}]1 / 2 e r sin
x iy a 2 b 2 2 iab x a 2 b 2 , y 2 ab 1 i (1 i)(1 i) 1 (i) 2 2i
10. (b) i
1 i (1 i)(1 i) 1 1
x iy (a 2 b 2 ) 2iab b 2 a 2 2iab
which can be written as cos i sin
(b ia)2 (b ia) . 2 2
5. (a) Let 3 4 i x iy 3 4 i x 2 y 2 2ixy 11. (c) Here 1 3 re i 1 i 3 re i
r cos ir sin
x 2 y 2 3, 2 xy 4 ......(i)
Equating real and imaginary parts, we get
( x 2 y 2 ) 2 ( x 2 y 2 ) 2 4 x 2 y 2 (3) 2 (4 ) 2 = 25
r cos 1 and r sin 3
x2 y2 5 …..(ii)
2
Hence tan 3 tan tan .Hence
From equation (i) and (ii) x 2 4 x 2 , 3
2
y 2 1 y 1 . Hence the square root of (3 4 i) .
3
is (2 i) .
1
12. (a) y cos i sin e i , then e i cos i sin
6. (d) a ib x yi a ib 2
( x yi) 2 y
Complex Numbers 81
1
y 2 cos . x cos i sin [Taking +ve sign]
y 6 6
3 i 19. (d) Let z 1 i 3 , r 1 3 2
13. (c,d) Since cos i sin
2 6 6
3 2
3 3 tan 1
3 i 1 3
cos i sin i
2 6 6
2 2
z 2 cos i sin
3 i 3 3
and cos i sin 20
2 6 6 2 2
3
(z ) 20 2 cos i sin
3 i 3 3
and cos i sin i .
2 2 2 20 20
2 2 1 3
2 20 cos i sin 2 20 i .
Hence the result. 3 3 2 2
1 3
14. (c) 1 i 3 2 i 2 cos i sin 2e i / 3 5
2 2 3 3 1
1 5i 1 5 i 3
20. (c) tan i tan log
3 3 2 5
(1 i 3 )9 (2e i / 3 )9 2 9 .e i(3 ) 1
3
2 9 (cos 3 i sin 3 ) 2 9 5i 1 1
Im tan 1 log 4 . 2 log 2 log 2 .
a ib (1 i 3 )9 2 9 ; b 0 . 3 2 2
15. (a) e e
i
e cos i sin e cos [e i sin ]
e cos [cos(sin ) i sin(sin )] 21. (a) Let z (1 i)i . Taking log on both sides,
i
Real part of e e is e cos [cos(sin )] log z i log(1 i) i log 2 cos i sin
4 4
i
16. (b) Let z e e e cos i sin e cos e i sin
ze cos
[cos(sin ) i sin(sin )]
i log 2e i / 4
i 12 log 2 log e i / 4
z e cos cos(sin ) ie cos sin(sin ) 1 i i
i log 2 log 2
e cos sin(sin ) 2 4 2 4
amp (z ) tan 1 cos
e cos(sin ) z e / 4 e i / 2 log 2 . Taking real part only,
tan 1 [tan( sin )] sin . 1
Re( z ) e / 4 cos log 2 .
2
1i 3 1i 3 3 i
17. (c) z z x i z x i
3 i 3 i 3 i 22. (b) Let z i log log
x i i x i
3 3i i 3 2( 3 i)
z z x i x i x 2 1 2ix
3 1 4 log log
2
i x i x i x 1
3 i
z cos i sin x 2 1
2 6 6 z 2x
log 2 i 2 ......(i)
i x 1 x 1
Now z cos i sin
6 6 log( a ib) log( re i ) log r i
100
= log a 2 b 2 i tan 1 (b / a)
(z )100 cos i sin
6 6 2
z x 2 1 2x 2 1 2x
Hence, log
(z ) 100
cos
50
i sin
50
cos
2
i sin
2
i x 2 1 x 2 1 i tan x 2 1
3 3 3 3
n
[by eq . (i)]
(z )100 lies in III quadrant.
z x 4 1 2x 2 4 x 2 2x
2 3 3 4 log i tan 1 2
18. (d) x 3 x 1 0 x i (x 2 1) 2 1 x
2
log 1 i (2 tan 1 x ) 0 i (2 tan 1 x )
3 i 3 i
x z i 2 2 tan 1 x 2 tan 1 x 2 tan 1 x .
2 2 2
23. (c) e iA .e iB .e iC e iA iB iC e i( A B C ) e i
[ A B C ]
82 Complex Numbers
= cos i sin (1) i(0 ) 1 . + (1 2 4 )r 2 e i 2
7 i 3 4 i 21 25 i 4 25 (1 i) 3 z 20 , since 1 2 0 1 2 4
24. (d) z = = (1 i)
3 4i 3 4i 16 9 25
Note : Students should remember this
z 14 (1 i)14 [(1 i)2 ]7 = (2i)7 2 7 i7 2 7 i .
question as a formula.
5. (b) Equation bz b z c
Geometry of complex numbers
Putting z x iy, b b1 ib2
1. (c) Since the coordinates in complex plane are (2, where x , y, b1 , b 2 are real, then the given
3) and (1, 1) Hence the required distance is equation become
5. (b1 ib2 )(x iy) (b1 ib2 )(x iy) c
Trick : We know that the distance between z 1 or 2b1 x 2b 2 y c
and z 2 is | z 1 z 2 | therefore, the required
Which is equation of a straight line.
length | 2 3 i 1 i | 5 .
Note : It is a fundamental concept.
2. (b) Diagonals of a parallelogram ABCD are 6. (b) Let z 1 , z 2 , z 3 be three complex numbers in A.P.
bisected each other at a point
Then 2 z 2 z 1 z 3 .
z z3 z z4
i.e. 1 2 z1 z 3 z 2 z 4
2 2 Thus the complex number z 2 is the mid-point
3. (b) By adding aa on both the sides of of the line joining the points z 1 and z 3 So the
z z a z az b three points z 1 , z 2 and z 3 are in a straight line.
we get, (z a)(z a) a a b 7. (b) Since the triangle with vertices
z 1 a i, z 2 1 bi and z 3 0 is equilateral, we
| z a | 2 | a | 2 b , { z z | z | 2 }
have
This equation will represent a circle with
z 12 z 22 z 32 z 1 z 2 z 2 z 3 z 3 z 1
centre z a, if | a | 2 b 0 , i.e . | a | 2 b since
(a i)2 (1 ib)2 0 (a i)(1 ib) 0 0
| a | 2 b represents point circle only.
a 2 b 2 2 i(a b ) a b i(1 ab)
4. (c) Let r be the circum radius of the equilateral
triangle and the cube root of unity. Equating real and imaginary parts,
Y A(Z1)
a2 b 2 a b ……(i) and 2(a b ) 1 ab .....
A(Z1– (ii)
Z ) r
From (i), (a b )[(a b ) 1] 0
2 O 2
X O(Z0 either a b or a b 1
3 3
) Taking a b , we get from (ii)
C(Z3–
2 Z ) 4 a 1 a 2 or a 2 4 a 1 0
3 B(Z2) C(Z3)
4 16 4
Let ABC be the equilateral triangle with z 1 , z 2 a 2 3
2
and z 3 as its vertices A, B and C respectively Since 0 a 1 and 0 b 1, we have
with circumcentre O(z 0 ) . The vectors ab 2 3
OA, OB, OC are equal and parallel to
Taking a b 1 or b 1 a, we get from (ii)
O A, O B, O C respectively.
2 1 a(1 a) or a2 a 1 0 , which gives
Then the vectors O A z 1 z 0 re i
imaginary values of a . Hence a b 2 3 is
2 the required value of a and b .
O B z 2 z 0 re 3
re i
8. (a) Let 1 5 z , then 1 5 z
4
i | 1 | 5 | z | 5 2 10 ( | z | 2, given
O C z 3 z 0 re 3
r 2 e i
value)
z1 z 0 re i , z 2 z 0 re i , z 3 z 0 r 2 e i Thus lies on a circle.
Squaring and adding 9. (c) Given the vertices of quadrilateral
i
z12 z 22 z 32 3 z 02 2(1 )z 0 re 2
A(1 2i), B(3 i), C(2 3 i) and D(2 2i)
Complex Numbers 83
Now, AB 16 1 17 , BC 16 1 17
CD 16 1 17 , DA 16 1 17
AC 9 25 34 , BD 25 9 34
Hence it is a square.
10. (d) | z | 4 2 (3)2 5
Let z 1 be the new vector obtained by rotating
z in the clockwise sense through 180 o ,
therefore
z 1 e i z (cos i sin ), i.e., z 4 3i
The unit vector in the direction of z 1 is
4 3
i .
5 5
Therefore required vector
4 3 4 3
3 | z | i 15 i 12 9 i
5 5 5 5
11. (b) Since maximum distance of any complex
number from origin is given by | |
therefore,
1 1 1 1 1
| | 2
| |
22 2
| | 2 2 | | 1 0 | |
2
Hence max | | is 1 2 .
12. (b) 3 4 i i.e., (3,4 ) lie in fourth quadrant in
complex plane, after turned anticlockwise
through 180 o this will lie in II quadrant,
therefore, the number will be 3 4 i , now
after stretching it 2.5 times i.e., multiplying
by 2.5, the required complex number will be
15
10 i .
2
13. (a,b) It is given that OP OQ
| OP | | OQ | | a ib | | c id |
Also OP OQ , OP OQ 0
(a c) i(b d ) 0 a c 0 b d
1 ak
14. (c) We have z k 1 a a 2 ..... a k 1
1a
1 ak
zk
1a 1a
1 | ak | | a| k 1
zk
1 a | 1 a | | 1 a | | 1 a|
1 1
z k lies within z .
1 a | 1 a|
Complex Numbers 83
15. (a) Let A be the vertex with affix z 1 . There are Again slope of DM 2 and slope of AM is
two possibilities of z 2 , i.e., z 2 can be obtained y 1
2 x2
by rotating z 1 through either in clockwise
n AM is perpendicular to DM
or in anticlockwise direction.
(1,1)D C
B (Z2 O
) 2
n 2
n (2,–1)
M
A(Z1 ) B(Z2)
(x,y) B
i 2 i 2 A
z2 z2 n
e z 2 z1 e n , (| z 2 | | z 1 |)
z1 z1 y 1
2 1 x 2 2(y 1) .....(ii)
2 2 x2
z 2 z 1 cos i sin
n n Hence from (i) and (ii), we get
1 3
16. (b) We have | BD | | (4 2 i) (1 2i)| 9 16 5 y , and x 3,1
2 2
Let the affix of A be z x iy 19. (d) Let A, B, C be the points represented by the
5 numbers z 1 , z 2 , z 3 and P be the point
The affix of the mid point of BD is ,0 .
2 represented by z
Since the diagonals of a parallelogram bisect C(z3
P(z) P(z)
each other, therefore, the affix of the point of )
5
intersection of the diagonals is ,0 .
2
A(z1 ) B(z2
D(4+2i C )
)
E(5/2+0i) P(z)
Now the four points A, B, C, P form a
A(x+iy) B(1–2i)
parallelogram in the following three orders.
(i) A, B, P, C (ii) B, C, P, A and (iii) C, A, P, B
1
We have | AE | 5 BD AC AE In case (i), the condition for A, B, P, C to form a
2
parallelogram is AB CP i.e., z 2 z 1 z z 3
Which is satisfied by option (b).
or z z 2 z 3 z 1
17. (a) We have | z z 1 | | z z 2 | | z z 3 | | z z 4 |
Similarly in case (ii) and (iii), the required
Therefore the point having affix z is points BC AP or z 3 z 2 z z 1 i.e.,
equidistant from the four points having z z 3 z1 z 2
affixes z 1 , z 2 , z 3 , z 4 . Thus z is the affix of
and CA BP or z 1 z 3 z z 2 i.e.,
either the centre of a circle or the point of
z z1 z 2 z 3
intersection of diagonals of a square or
rectangle. Therefore z 1 , z 2 , z 3 , z 4 are either 20. (b) Let z x iy , therefore given equation
becomes
concyclic or vertices of a square. Hence
( x iy)( x iy) (2 3 i)(x iy) (2 3 i)( x iy) 4 0
z 1 , z 2 , z 3 , z 4 are concyclic.
x 2 y 2 2 x 3 y 3ix 2iy 2 x
18. (a) BD 2 AC 2 DM 2(2 AM ) – 2 iy 3 ix 3 y 4 0
2 2 2 2
or DM 2 AM or DM 4 AM x y 4 x 6y 4 0
2
or 5 4 [(x 2) (y 1) ] 2
.....(i) Therefore given equation represents a circle
with radius
84 Complex Numbers
Radius 2 2 3 2 4 4 9 4 9 3 . z 22 z 32 2 z 2 z 3 z 12 z 32 2 z 1 z 3
21. (d) Area of required rectangle = 4×area of OABC z 12 z 22 2z1 z 2 2z1 z 3 2z 2 z 3 2z 32 2z1 z 2
Y
(z 1 z 2 ) 2 2 [(z 1 z 3 z 32 ) (z 1 z 2 z 2 z 3 )]
C B(a, b 3 ) (z 1 z 2 ) 2 2(z 1 z 3 ) (z 3 z 2 ) .
X
25. (d) Let the vertices be z 0 , z 1 ,....., z 5 w.r.t centre O at
O A
origin and | z 0 | Y 5 .
A4 (1+2i
) A3
4 a b 3 4 ab 3 . X
A5 O (0,0 A2
22. (a) This is a parallelogram OP1 P2 P3 . Then the mid )
point of P1 P2 and OP3 are the same. But A0 A1
x x 2 y1 y 2
midpoint of P1 P2 is 1 , A 0 A1 = | z 1 z 0 | | z 0 e i z o |
2 2 = | z 0 || cos i sin 1 |
So that the coordinates of P3 are
= 5 (cos 1)2 sin 2
x 1 x 2 , y 1 y 2
Thus the point P3 corresponds to sum of the = 5 2 (1 cos ) = 5 2 sin( / 2)
complex number z 1 and z 2 . 2
A 0 A1 = 5 . 2 sin = 5 ....(i)
6 6 3
OP 3 OP 1 P1 P3 OP 1 OP 2 z 1 z 2
Similarly, A1 A2 A2 A3 A3 A4 A4 A5 A5 A0 5 .
| z 2|
23. (d) Given, 2
| z 3| Hence the perimeter of, regular polygon is
A o A1 A1 A 2 A 2 A 3 A 3 A 4 A 4 A 5 A 5 A 0 6 5 .
( x 2)2 y 2 2 ( x 3) 2 y 2
26. (c) It is a fundamental concept.
( x 2)2 y 2 4 [(x 3)2 y 2 ]
27. (a) Equation of circle | z z 0 | 2 r 2
2 2 2 2
x y 4 4 x 4 x 4 y 36 24 x
(z z 0 )(z z 0 ) r 2 (z z 0 )(z z 0 ) r 2
2 2
3 x 3 y 20 x 32 0
zz zz 0 z z 0 z 0 z 0 r 2 .
20 32
or x 2 y 2 x 0 .....(i) 1 3 2 2
3 3 28. (d) z 2 z 1 e 2 i / 3 i cos i sin
2 2 3 3
We know that, standard equation of circle,
x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 .....(ii) 1 3 1 3 3 1
i i 1 .
Comparison of (i) from(ii) 2 2 2 2 4 4
20 10 32 29. (b) The two circles are C 1 (0 , 0 ), r1 12 ,
2g g , f 0, c
3 3 3
C 2 (3, 4 ), r2 5 and it passes through origin, the
Hence, Radius B
centre of C 1 . A
100 32 4 2
= g2 f 2 c C 1 C 2 5 r1 r2 7 5
9 3 9 3 5 C
2
24. (d) BC AC and C / 2 Hence circle C 2 (3,4)
C 1
By rotation about C in anti clockwise sense lies inside circle C 1 . (0,
A(z1) 0)
CB CA e i / 2 Therefore minimum
distance between them is
AB C 1 B C 1 A r1 2 r2 12 10 2 .
30. (b) | PQ | | QR | | RS | | SP | and PQR 90 o .
90° 31. (a) It is a fundamental concept.
C(z3 32. (b) | z 2 | | z 2 | 8
B(z2 )
)
(z 2 z 3 ) (z 1 z 3 ) e i / 2 i (z 1 z 3 ) ( x 2) 2 y 2 ( x 2) 2 y 2 8
x 2 y 2 4 4 x 64 x 2 y 2 4 4 x
(z 2 z 3 ) 2 (z 1 z 3 ) 2
Complex Numbers 85
ai
16 (x 2) 2 y 2 z3 z 3 (0, a / 3)
3
8 x 64 16 ( x 2) 2 y 2 z 1 , z 2 and z 3 are collinear
( x 8 ) 2 ( x 2) 2 y 2 1 1 1
a
x 2 64 16 x 4[ x 2 y 2 4 4 x ] 2 3 1 0 (1 2) 1 (3 2) 0
3
0 a/3 1
2 2 x2 y2
3 x 4 y 48 0 1, a 5 0 a 5 .
16 12
which is an ellipse. 42. (c) It is based on the properties of moduli.
33. (b) Let z 1 1 3 i, z 2 5 i and z 3 3 2 i 43. (b) Vertices are 0 0 i0, z x iy
Then area of triangle and ze i ( x iy) (cos i sin )
x 1 y1 1 1 3 1 (x cos y sin ) i(y cos x sin )
1 1
A x 2 y2 1 5 1 1 0 0 0 1
2 2 1
x 3 y3 1 3 2 1 Area x y 1
2
Hence z 1 , z 2 and z 3 are collinear. (x cos y sin ) (y cos x sin ) 1
34. (a) | z1 z 2 | | z1 | | z 2 | 1
[ xy cos x 2 sin xy cos y 2 sin ]
35. (b) Let 2
z x iy ;
z iz ( x y ) i( x y ) and iz y ix
1 1
If A denotes the area of the triangle formed by sin ( x 2 y 2 ) | z | 2 sin [ | z | x 2 y 2 ] .
2 2
x y 1
1 44. (d) z 1 1 2i, z 2 2 3 i, z 3 3 4 i
z , z iz and iz , then A x y x y 1
2
y x 1 | z 1 z 2 | | 1 i | 2
Applying transformation R 2 R 2 R1 R 3 , we and | z 2 z 3 | 1 i 2.
get
and | z 1 z 3 | | 2 2i | 2 2 .
x y 1
1 1 2 1 Hence vertices are collinear.
A 0 0 1 (x y 2 ) | z | 2
2 2 2 z 5i x i(y 5 )
y x 0 45. (a) 1 1
z 5i x i(y 5 )
36. (a) Given that points are A(3 4 i), B(5 2i)
and C(1 16 i) z |z |
| x i(y 5 ) | | x i(y 5 ) | , 1 1
Area of triangle z2 | z2 |
x 1 y1 1 3 4 1
1 1 x 2 25 10 y y 2 y 2 x 2 25 10 y
x 2 y2 1 5 2 1 0
2 2 20 y 0 y 0.
x 3 y3 1 1 16 1
z i
Hence points are collinear. 46. (a) Given that Im
37. (d) It is a fundamental concept. z 2
z z2 z3 x iy i x i (y 1)
38. (d) The affix of G is 1 . Since z 0 is the Let z x iy =
3 x iy 2 ( x 2) iy
mid point of AG . Therefore affix of the mid- [ x i(y 1)][(x 2) iy]
point of AG is 0.
[(x 2) iy][(x 2) iy]
z1 z 2 z 3
z1 x 2 2x y 2 y (y 1)(x 2) xy
3 0 4 z1 z 2 z 3 0 i
2 2 2 2
1 1 ( x 2) y ( x 2) y
z z If it is purely imaginary then real part must
39. (c) We have 1 2 1 z 12 z 22 z 1 z 2
z 2 z1 be equal to zero.
z 12 z 22 z 32 z 1 z 2 z 1 z 3 z 2 z 3 , where z 3 0 x 2 y 2 2x y
0 x 2 y 2 2x y 0
z1 , z 2 and the origin ( z 3 0 ) form an ( x 2 )2 y 2
equilateral triangle. Which is a circle and its radius is given by
1 1 5
40. (a) Area of the triangle |z|2 18 | z | 6 . g2 f 2 c 1 0
2 4 2
41. (d) z 1 1 i z 1 (1, 1)
z 2 2 3 i z 2 (2, 3 )
86 Complex Numbers
Therefore Argand diagram is circle of radius
52. (a) Let z x iy .Then x 3 and y 5 2
5
. ( x 3 )2 2 ......(i)
2
2 2
and y 5 ......(ii)
47. (b) | z 1 | 2 | z 1 |
From (i) and (ii), ( x 3 )2 5 y 2
Putting z x iy | x iy 1 | 2 | x iy 1 |
( x 3 )2 y 2 5 .
| ( x 1) iy | 2 | ( x 1) iy | Obviously it is a circle.
( x 1)2 y 2 2[(x 1)2 y 2 ] 53. (c) | z 3 i | 2, let z x iy | x i(y 3)| 2
x2 y2 6x 1 0 . Squaring both sides, we get [ x 2 (y 3)2 ] 4
Which is the equation of a circle. x 2 y 2 6y 5 0
z a 54. (c) Here | z zi | 1 | x iy i( x iy)| 1
48. (b) We have 1
za
| ( x y ) i(y x ) | 1 ( x y ) 2 (y x ) 2 1
| z a | | z a | | z a | 2 | z a | 2
2(x 2 y 2 ) 1 . Hence z lies on a circle.
(z a)(z a) (z a)(z a)
z 1
(z a)(z a) (z a)(z a) 55. (c) 1 | z 1 | | z i |
z i
z z z a a z aa z z za a z aa | ( x 1) iy | | x i(y 1)|
za z a a z a z 0 (a a)(z z ) 0
( x 1)2 y 2 x 2 (y 1)2
z z 0 ( a a 2 Re( a) 0)
2 x 2 y or x y 0
2 Re( z ) 0 2 x 0 x 0
Which is the equation of a straight line.
Which is the equation of y-axis.
56. (b) z ( x iy) z 2 x 2 y 2 2ixy
49. (c) We have | z 1 | | z 1 | 4
Re( z 2 ) 1 x 2 y 2 1 , which is a hyperbola.
| z 1 | 2 | z 1 | 2 2 | z 1 || z 1 | 16
57. (c) | z 1 | | z i | | x 1 iy | 2 | x i(y 1) | 2
(z 1)(z 1) (z 1)(z 1) 2 | (z 1)(z 1)| 16
(x 1)2 y 2 x 2 (y 1)2
2 | z | 2 2 2 | z 2 1 | 16 | z | 2 | z 2 1 | 7
x y 0 i.e., a straight line through the
x2 y2
| x iy | 2 | ( x iy)2 1 | 7
1 (ellipse) origin.
4 3
| z | 2 | z | 1
Therefore the points z are on the boundary or 58. (b) We have log 2
3 2 | z |
in the interior of the ellipse.
z 1 x iy 1 (x 2 y 2 1) 2iy | z | 2 | z | 1
50. (b) Wehave ( 3 )2 | z | 2 4 | z | 5 0
z 1 x iy 1 (x 1)2 y 2 2 | z |
z 1 2y 1 | z | 5 | z | 5 as | z | 0
Therefore arg tan 1 2
z 1 x y2 1 Locus of z is |z|<5
1 2y y
Hence tan 2 2
59. (d) arg( x a) iy tan 1
x y 1 3 4 x a 4
2y y
tan 3 tan 1 x a y
x2 y2 1 3 x a 4
2 2 60. (a) | z 2 i | | z 3 i |
x2 y2 1 y x2 y2 y 1 0
3 3 | ( x 2) i(y 1)| | (x 3) i (y 1)|
Which is obviously a circle.
( x 2)2 (y 1)2 = ( x 3)2 (y 1)2
2 z 1 2( x iy) 1 (2 x 1) 2iy
51. (b) We have x 2 4 4 x y2 1 2y x 2 9 6x y2 1 2y
iz 1 i( x iy) 1 (1 y ) ix
[(2 x 1)(1 y ) 2 xy ] i[2 y(1 y ) x (2 x 1)] 2x 4y 5 0 .
61. (a) | iz 1 | | z i | 2
(1 y )2 x 2
(2 z 1) | i( x iy) 1 | | x iy i | 2
But it is given that imaginary part of is
(iz 1) | (y 1) ix | | x i(y 1)| 2
–2
((y 1)) 2 x 2 x 2 (y 1) 2 2
x 2 y 2 0 . Which is a straight line.
Complex Numbers 87
| (1 y ) ix | | x i(y 1) |
(y 1)2 x 2 2 x 2 (y 1) 2
x 2 1 y 2 2y x 2 y 2 1 2y y 0
y 2 1 2y x 2 4 x 2 y2 1 2y 4 x 2 (y 1)2
Hence z x iy x . So z lies on real axis.
4 y 4 4 x 2 (y 1)2 y 1 x 2 (y 1)2 | z 5 i| x 2 (y 5 ) 2
2 2 2 67. (a) 12 2 12
x (y 1) (1 y ) | z 5i | x (y 5) 2
x 2 y 2 1 2y 1 y 2 2y x 2 0 x 0 x 2 y 2 25 10 y 12 [ x 2 y 2 25 10 y ]
i.e. equation of straight line. 11 x 2 11y 2 130 y 275 0.
2 2 2 2
i i i i Which represents the equation of a circle.
62. (d) z z x iy x iy
2 2 2 2 z2
68. (b) Put z x iy in arg
1
2
1
2 z 2 6
x i y x i y
2 2 ( x 2) iy
arg
2 2 ( x 2) iy 6
1 1
x 2 y x 2 y 2 y 0 i.e. x-axis.
2 2 arg((x 2) iy) arg ((x 2) iy)
6
z 1 (x 1) iy y y
63. (a) arg k arg k tan 1 tan 1 .
z 1 ( x 1) iy x 2 x 2 6
arg ( x 1) iy arg (x 1) iy k y y
y 1 y tan 1 x 2 x2 2
tan 1 tan k y 6
x 1 x 1 1 2
x 4
y y
xy 2 y xy 2 y 1
( x 1) ( x 1) tan
tan 1 2
k x 2 y2 4 6 3
y
1 2 x 2 y 2 4 3y 4 0
x 1
y ( x 1) y (x 1) 2y Which is equation of a circle.
tan k 2 2
2 2
x y 1 x y 1
z i
2y 2y 69. (a) 1 | z | z
x 2 y2 1 x 2 y2 1 0 i 3
tan k tan k z
3
It is an equation of circle whose centre is
( g, f ) (0, cot k ) on y-axis. Clearly locus of z is perpendicular bisector of
line joining points having complex number
64. (d) z 2 3 i x iy 2 3 i ( x 2) i(y 3 )
i
y 3 y 3 0 i0 and 0 . Hence z lies on a straight
tan 1 tan 1 3
x 2 4 x2 4
line.
x y 1 0.
70. (b) Given | 8 z | | z 8 | 16 .
65. (b) We have | z 2 1 | | z | 2 1
Clearly locus of z is an ellipse.
| ( x iy) 2 1 | | x iy | 2 1
2 71. (c) Equation of ray PQ arg( z 1)
| ( x 2 y 2 1) 2 xyi | x 2 y 2 1 4
Equation of ray PR arg( z 1)
( x 2 y 2 1) 2 (2 xy ) 2 x 2 y 2 1 4
x 4 y 4 1 2 x 2 y 2 2y 2 2 x 2 4 x 2 y 2
Shaded region is arg( z 1)
x 4 y 4 1 2 x 2 y 2 2y 2 2 x 2 4 4
2 x 2 y 2 2 x 2y 2 4 x 2 x 0 | arg( z 1)|
; | PQ | ( 2 ) 2 ( 2 ) 2 2
then, z x iy 0 iy iy 4
Hence z lies on imaginary axis. |PA| =2 ; |PR| = 2
1 iz
66. (b) w , then | w | 1 so, arc QAR is of a circle of radius 2 unit with
z i
centre at P(1,0 ) . All the points in the shaded
1 iz
1 | 1 iz | | z i | region are exterior to this circle | z 1 | 2 .
z i
| 1 i( x iy) | | x iy i | 72. (b) | z 1 | | z 2 | | z i |
88 Complex Numbers
(i) | z 1 | | z i | 1 1
cos 2n i sin 2n
represents a straight line through origin i.e., 2 2 2 2
yx (Using De Moivre's theorem)
3 4 n 4 n
(ii) | z 1 | | z 2 | x = [cos i sin ]
2 4 4
Putting n 0 , 1
which is a straight line 1 1 1i
we get cos i sin i
(iii) | z 2 | | z i | 4 x 2 y 3 4 4 2 2 2
which is a straight line 5 5 1 1 1 i
and cos i sin i
| z 1 | | z 2 | | z i | can represent a triangle. 4 4 2 2 2
1i
73. (a) From | z 1 | | z 2 | Therefore i
2
| x iy 1 | | x iy 2 | Trick : Check by squaring the options, here (c)
is the square root of i because on
3
( x 1) 2 y 2 ( x 2) 2 y 2 x 1i
2 squaring ,we get i .
2
Similarly from | z 1 | | z i | ; x y
3 3 2. (c) x 1 , x 2 , x 3 ..... upto cos i sin cos 2 i sin 2
Hence, x ,y 2 2 2 2
2 2
upto .....
Therefore only one solution for the equation.
cos 2 ..... i sin 2 .....
74. (b) | z z 1 | | z z 2 | 2 a 2 2 2 2
when | z 1 z 2 | 2 a , then it is an ellipse
z 1 2 3 i and z 2 2 6 i cos 2 i sin 2 cos i sin 1 .
1 1
1 1
z 1 z 2 (2 3 i) (2 6 i) 4 3 i 2 2
(cos i sin )4 (cos i sin )4
| z 1 z 2 | | 4 3i | 3. (d)
(sin i cos )5 1
5
2 2
i 5 sin cos
= 4 (3 ) 5 i
But 5 4 is false, because in any triangle sum (cos i sin )4 (cos i sin )4
(By
of two sides is not smaller than third side. i (cos i sin )5
i (cos i sin ) 5
P(z ) is not represent locus of any point. property)
1
75. (d) z 2 i 2 (cos i sin )9 sin 9 i cos 9 .
i
2 5 5
Here, tan 1 = tan 1 (1) = 135 o 3 1 3 1
2 4. (b) Given that z i i
2 2 2 2
Now, rotate z in opposite direction with 45°
5 5
angle
cos i sin cos i sin
180 6 6 6 6
0 5 5 5 5
tan 1 (0) tan 1 cos i sin cos i sin .
6 6 6 6
2
Hence Im (z) = 0.
Hence x 2 and y 0 . 5. (a) Using De Moivre's theorem
(cos i sin )n (cos n i sin n ) and putting
De Moivre's theorem and Roots of unity n 0 , 1, 2 then we get required roots.
1/ 2 4 (cos 75 o i sin 75 o )
6. (d)
1. (c) i (i)1 / 2 cos i sin 0 . 4 (cos 30 o i sin 30 o )
2 2
1/2 10 (cos 75 o i sin 75 o )(cos 30 o i sin 30 o )
cos 2 n i sin 2n (where n I )
2 2 10
10 (cos 45 o i sin 45 o ) (1 i)
2
Complex Numbers 89
7. (c) 14. (b) cos cos cos 0 ……(i)
sin i cos i 2 sin i cos i(cos i sin ) sin sin sin 0 …....(ii)
Given expression is Let a cos i sin , b cos i sin
(i)3 [cos( 10 18 3 ) i sin(25 )] c cos i sin
= i (cos 25 i sin 25 ] . abc 0 [by (i) and (ii)] .....(iii)
1/2 1 1 1
8. (a) We have a 2i 2 i1 / 2 2 cos i sin a b c
2 2
= [cos i sin ] 1 [cos i sin ] 1 [cos i sin ] 1
1 1
2 cos i sin 2 i 1 i cos i sin cos i sin cos i sin
4 4 2 2
ab bc ca 0 ....(iv) [by (i) and (ii)]
Trick : Check with options.
Squaring both sides of equation (iii),
9. (c) We have (cos i sin )(cos 2 i sin 2 )
we get a 2 b 2 c 2 2ab 2bc 2ca 0
...... (cos n i sin n ) 1
or a 2 b 2 c 2 0 [by (iv)]
cos( 2 3 ... n ) i sin( 2 . n ) 1
[cos i sin ] [cos i sin ] 2 [cos i sin ] 2 0
2
n(n 1) n(n 1) (cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 )
cos i sin 1
2 2 i (sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 ) 0
n (n 1) n(n 1) separation of real and imaginary part ,
cos 1 and sin 0
2 2 .....(v)
cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 0
n(n 1) 4m and sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 0 .....(vi)
2m , where m I.
2 n(n 1)
n
1 2 sin 1 2 sin 1 2 sin2 0 [by eq. (v)]
2 2
2
2 cos ( / 2) 2i sin( / 2) cos( / 2)
10. (b) L.H.S. 3
2
2 cos ( / 2) 2i sin( / 2) cos( / 2) sin 2 sin 2 sin 2
.
2
n n 15. (c) See solution of above question.
cos ( / 2) i sin( / 2) e i( / 2) i n
i( / 2 ) (e ) 53
cos( / 2) i sin( / 2) e 3 i
16. (c) ( 3 i)53 2 53
2 2
cos n i sin n .
= 2 53 (cos 150 o i sin 150 o )53
11. (d) Dr i(1 cos ) sin 2i cos 2 2 sin cos
2 2 2
2 53 [cos(150 o 53 ) i sin(150 o 53 )]
4
cos( / 2) i sin( / 2) 2 53 [cos( 22 30 o ) i sin(22 30 o )]
L.H.S
i cos( / 2) sin( / 2)
3 1
1 2 53 [cos 30 o i sin 30 o ] 2 53 i .
= (cos i sin )4 cos 4 i sin 4 . 2 2
i4
1
12. (a) cos i sin cos i sin 2 ..... to 17. (b) Let cos i sin z and cos i sin
2 2 2 2 10 10 10 10 z
10
cos 2 ..... i sin 2 .... 10
1z (z 1)z
2 2 2 2 Therefore, ( z )10
1 (z 1)
1 1 1 1 1
cos 1 2 ..... i sin 1 2 ..... z
2 2 2 2 2 2 10
z 10 cos i sin cos i sin 1 .
1
i sin
1 10 10
cos cos i sin 1
2 1 2 1 (cos 2 i sin 2 ) 4 (cos 4 i sin 4 ) 5
1 1 18. (a)
2 2 (cos 3 i sin 3 ) 2 (cos 3 i sin 3 ) 9
4 4
cos i sin (cos i sin) cos 4 i sin 4 [(cos i sin )2 ]4 [(cos i sin ) 4 ]5
13. (d) 4
i (cos i sin )4 cos 4 i sin 4
sin i cos [(cos i sin )3 ] 2 [(cos i sin ) 3 ] 9
(cos 4 i sin 4 )(cos 4 i sin 4 ) (cos i sin )8 (cos i sin )20
(cos 4 i sin 4 )(cos 4 i sin 4 ) (cos i sin ) 6 (cos i sin ) 27
2
(cos 4 i sin 4 ) (cos i sin )8 20 6 27 (cos i sin )49
cos 8 i sin 8
cos 2 4 sin 2 4
90 Complex Numbers
cos 49 i sin 49 .
100
n z 100 2 cos i sin
3 3
19. (c) (sin i cos )n cos i sin
2 2 100 100
2 100 cos i sin
3 3
= cos n i sin n .
2 2 1 i 3
(cos i sin ) (cos i sin ) 2 100 cos i sin 2 100
20. (b) 3 3 2 2
(cos i sin ) (cos i sin )
Re( z ) 1 / 2 1
cos( ) i sin( ) .
Im (z ) 3 / 2 3
[By de-movire's theorem].
n n
8 1 sin i cos 1 cos i sin
1 cos( / 8 ) i sin( / 8 ) 26. (a)
21. (a) 1 sin i cos 1 cos i sin
1 cos( / 8 ) i sin( / 8 )
2 cos 2 / 16 2i sin / 16 cos / 16
8 ( where )
2
2 cos / 16 2i sin / 16 cos / 16
2 n n
2 cos 2 2i sin cos cos i sin
[cos / 16 i sin / 16 ]8 2 2 2 2 2
[cos / 16 i sin / 16 ]8 2 cos
2
2i sin cos cos i sin
8 8 2 2 2 2 2
n
cos i sin cos i sin
16 16 16 16 cis n
2
[cos( / 16 ) i sin( / 16 )]16 cis cis(n )
2 2
cis
2
cos 16 i sin 16 = cos 1 .
16 16
n
22. (a) x 1 . x 2 . x 3 ...... = cis n cis n
2 2
cos i sin n n
4 4 cos n i sin n .
2 2
27. (c) (1 i)n (1 i)n
cos 2 i sin 2 cos 3 i sin 3 .....
4 4 4 4 n n n n
(2)n / 2 cos i sin cos i sin
4 4 4 4
cos 2 3 .... i sin 2 3 .....
4 4 4 4 4 4 n n
n 1 n n
/4 /4 2 2 . 2 cos 2 2 cos ( 2 )n 2 cos .
= cos i sin 4 4 4
1 1/ 4 1 1/4
1
28. (a) x 2 cos
1 3i x
= cos / 3 i sin ( / 3 ) .
2 x 2 2 x cos 1 0 x cos i sin
4
(cos i sin ) cos 4 i sin 4 1 1
23. (c) x n cos n i sin n
(sin i cos )5 i 5 (cos i sin ) 5 x cos i sin
= i (cos 4 i sin 4 ) (cos i sin ) 5 1 1
cos i sin cos n i sin n
= i [cos 4 i sin 4 ] [cos 5 i sin 5 ] x xn
= i [cos( 4 5 ) i sin(4 5 )] 1
Thus, x n 2 cos n .
xn
= sin(4 5 ) i cos( 4 5 ) .
1/3
29. (b) iz 4 1
1/3 3 i
24. (a) i cos i sin cos i sin . 1
2 2 6 6 2 2 z4 z 4 i z (i)1 / 4
i
25. (c) Let z (1 i 3 ) z (0 i)1 / 4
r 3 1 2 and r cos 1, r sin 3
1/4
z cos i sin
2 2
tan 3 tan .
3 3
z cos i sin (using De Moivre’s
z 2 cos i sin 8 8
3 3 theorem)
Complex Numbers 91
30. (d) Since ( ) 2 2 and ( 2 )2 4 3 Since the expression has only 4 different
roots, therefore on putting n 0 , 1, 2, 3 in
31. (d) If is a complex cube root of unity then
3 1 and 1 2 0 , therefore 2n 2n
cos i sin and multiplying
2 2 4 4
(1 )(1 )
them,
(2 2 )(2 ) 4
3 3
(c) Let x 27 1 / 3 x 3 27 0 we get cos i sin cos i sin
32.
4 4 4 4
( x 3)( x 2 3 x 9) 0
5 5 7 7
1 i 3 cos 4 i sin 4 cos 4 i sin 4
x 3, x 3 . Hence, roots are
2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
i i i i
3, 3 ,3 2 . 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Trick : As we know (27 )1 / 3 must have 3 roots, 1 1 1 1
(1)(1) 1 .
so (a) option cannot be the best. Here (c) 2 2 2 2
satisfies.
33. (c) Let n 3 k 1
x 1 2
43. (d) Given that x 2 1 0
n 2 n 3 k 1 2 (3 k 1 ) 3 k 6 k 2
2 1 x
( 3 )k . ( 3 )2 k . 2 2 1
Applying transformation R1 R1 R 2 R 3 , we
Hence 1 n 2 n 1 1 0
get
34. (b) Since imaginary cube root of unity are square
of each other. 1 1 1
3 2 3 2 3 3 x x 2 1 0
35. (a) (1 ) (1 ) ( ) ( )
2 1 x
6 3 3 3 3 1 1 0
( x 2 )(x ) 1 2 ( x )
36. (b) Complex cube root of unity are 1, , 2
2 (x 2 ) 0
Let , 2 ; Then 4 4 1 1
x2 0 x 0
4 ( 2 )4 ( 1 ) ( 2 )1 2 1 0 .
1 2
37. (d) (1 )(1 2 )(1 4 )(1 8 ) Trick : Putting x 0, we get 2 1 0
(1 )(1 2 )(1 )(1 2 ) (1 )2 (1 2 )2 2 1
2 3
= (3 )(3 ) 9 9 . 44. (b) If x a b, y a b and z b
38. (b) (1 2 )5 (1 2 )5 Then xyz (a b)(a b 2 )(a 2 b ), where
5 2 5 3
(2 ) (2 ) 32 32 ( ) 2 3 3
and 2 (a b )(a 2 ab 2 ab b 2 )
32( 2 ) 32(1) 32 (a b)(a 2 ab b 2 ) a 3 b 3
39. (c) Given that x a, y b , z c 2 Trick : Put a b 2
then x 4 , y 2( 2 ) 2 and
x y z a b c 2
Then 1 2 0
a b c a b c z 2( 2 ) 2
40. (c) ( x y )( x y )(x 2 y ) xyz 4 (2)(2) 16 and (b) i.e. a 3 b 3 16 .
(x 2 xy xy y 2 )(x 2 y ) 45. (b) We have
x 3 x 2 y(1 2 ) xy 2 (1 2 ) y 3 x 3 y 3 z 3 (a b)3 (a b 2 )3 (a 2 b )3
x 3 y3 ( 1 2 0) 3 a 3 3 b 3 3(a 2 b ab 2 )(1 2 2 4 )
41. (b) (1 )(1 2 )(1 4 )(1 8 )...... upto 2n factors 3 a 3 3 b 3 3(a 2 b ab 2 )(1 2 ) 3(a 3 b 3 )
Trick : As in the previous question
( 2 )( )(1 )(1 2 )..... upto 2n factors
x 3 y 3 z 3 (4 )3 (2)3 (2)3 48 and (b)
1.1.1..... upto n factors = 1
3/4 i.e. 3(a 3 b 3 ) 48
1/4
42. (b) Given that cos i sin [cos i sin ] . 46. (b) Multiplying the numerator and denominator
3 3
by and 2 respectively I and II expressions
92 Complex Numbers
a b c 2 a b c 2 1(1 1) / 2 , 2( 2 1) / 2 3 1,..... 4 (5 ) / 2 10
2
2
b c a c a b Hence it gives the values 1 and only.
(a b c ) 2 2
(a b c ) 2 53. (a) It is obvious because the cube roots of unity
2 1
(b c 2 a) (c 2 a a ) are 1,
1 i 3 1 i 3
,
2 2 2
47. (a) The cube roots of unity are 1, , . We know
that if z 1 , z 2 , z 3 are the vertices of an 54. (c) (1 )7 A B ( 2 )7 A B
equilateral triangle in the Argand plane. Then 14 A B
z 12 z 22 z 32 z 1 z 2 z 2 z 3 z 3 z 1
2 . 12 A B A B 2 0
2
If we take z 1 1, z 2 , z 3 A 1, B 1 ( 1 2 0)
Then z 12 z 22 z 32 1 2 4 0
1 2 1 i2
2 2
and z 1 z 2 z 2 z 3 z 3 z 1 1 . . . 1 55. (a) 1 i 1 2 1
3 2
1 2
0 i i 1 1
Thus z 12 z 22 z 32 z1 z 2 z 2 z 3 z 3 z 1 1 i 2
Therefore triangle is equilateral. 1i 1 2 1 = 0
Note : Students should remember this i i 1 1
question as a fact.
( Two rows are identical)
1 1
48. (c) Here i 3 is one of the two imaginary 56. (b) x 1 (cos 0 i sin 0 ) cos 2r i sin 2r e i2r
n o
2 2
cube root of unity. If we denote it by . x e i( 2 r / n) , r 0 , 1, 2 ……..
1 3 Obviously the roots are 1, e 2i / n , e 4 i / n ...... which
Then 1000 999 ( 3 ) 333
i.
2 2 are obviously in G.P. with common ratio
49. (a) Since p 0 . Let p q , where q is positive. e 2 i / n .
Therefore p 1 / 3 q 1 / 3 (1)1 / 3 . 57. (a) (3 2 4 )6 (3 2 )6 (3 1)6 64
1/3 1/3 1/3 2
Hence q , q and q 58.
rd th
(b) 4 , 8 2 etc. 3 , 5 , 7 factors are each
th
The given expression st th th th
equal to 1 and 4 , 6 , 8 factors are each
nd
x y z 2 1 z y 2 z 1 equal to 2 .
2
. 2.
x y z x y 2 z L.H.S (2 )(2 2 )(2 )(2 2 )..... to 2n factors
3 i 3 1 (2 2 3 )(2 2 3 )...... to n factors (2 2 )n 2 2n
50. (a) Given that z i
2 2 2
1 2 2 1
1 3
iz i 59. (a) We have 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 2
3
2 2 0
2 2
3 3 3 6 4 3 3 3 3 3
Now z 69 z 4 (17 ) z (iz) 4 (17 ) z ( )68 z , ( i 4 n 1)
n
69 ( 3 )23 1 z
i 60. (a) We have z n (1 z )n 1
i i i z 1
3 1 z z
Aliter : z i cos i sin 11 / n is a n th root of unity
2 2 6 6 z 1 z 1
69
69 69 z | z|
z 69 cos i sin cos i sin 1 1 | z | | z 1 |
6 6 6 6 z 1 | z 1|
1 1
cos 11 i sin 11 0 i(1) i . x 0 x Re( z ) 0 .
2 2 2 2
n 1
51. (b) Given equation x 4 1 0 61. (a) 1 2 ..... n 1 0 , ( n 1)
( x 2 1)( x 2 1) 0 1
62. (d) The n th roots of unity are given by
x 2 1 and x 2 1 x 1,i
i 2 (k 1 )
52. (d) The product is given by zk e n , (k 1, 2 ...., n)
. 2 . 3 ..... n 1 2 3 ...... n n(n 1) / 2
On putting n 1, 2, 3,....., we get
Complex Numbers 93
i2 (k 1)
128 14 128 12 2 128 2
| zk | e n 1 for all k 1, 2,....., n 15 15
1 i 3
1 i 3
| z k | | z k 1 | for all k 1, 2 ....., n 2 2 2 2
73. (a) 2 15
63. (a) Trick : Put a 1, b 1, c 2 , a b c 0 (1 i) 20 (1 i) 20
(1 2 2 )3 (1 2 2 )3
(3 2 )3 (3 )3 27 27 54 15 30 15 1 1
= 2 15 =2 20
Also option (a) gives the value (1 i)
20
(1 i) 20 (1 i) (1 i) 20
i.e ., 27 1 1(2) 54 (1 i)20 (1 i)20 2 15 20 20
12 6 6 6 2 4 2 = 2 15 = 20 [(1 i) (1 i) ]
64. (c) x 1 (x 1)(x 1) (x 1)(x 1)(x x 1) (1 i 2 ) 20 2
Common roots are given by x 4 x 2 1 0 1 1
= 5 [(i i 2 )20 (1 i) 20 ] = 5 (i 20 1) (1 i) 20
1 i 3 2 2
x2 , 2 or 4 , 2 ( 3 1) 2 1 1
2 5 (1 i)20 = 4 (1 i) 20 = 4 [(1 i)2 ]10
2 2 2
or x 2 ,
1 1
65. (a) z 1 1, z 2 i, z 3 1, z 4 i 4 [1 i 2 2 i]10 = 4 (2i)10
2 2
13 (i)3 (1)3 (i)3 0 . (2)10 i10 6
= 2 64 .
66. (b) Since is an imaginary cube root of unity, let 24
1 3 9 27
it be then ( )3 n 1 ( )3 n 3 3 n 5 ..... 1/2
74. (a) 2 8 32 128 1 3 / 4
1 5, { 3 n 1 and 3 1} 1 2 0
2 1 [1 2 0]
1 i 3 1 i 3 75. (c) (3 3 2 ) 4 (3 ) 4 [ 2 1]
67. (d) As and 2
2 2
= (2 )4 16 4 16 .
( )20 ( 2 )20 18 . 2 39 . 2 1
76. (c) (1 2 )(1 2 )6 (2 )(2 2 )6 128 .
68. (c) Since and are complex roots of unity, we
77. (d) 1 . . 2 3 1 .
may write , 2
3 i 1 3i
1 1 78. (c) z iz
Hence, 4 28 4 ( 2 )28 2 2
. 2
z i z 69 i 69 . 69 i ( 3 n i 4 n 1)
56 1 2 1 0 i
69. (c) (3 5 3 2 )2 (3 3 5 2 )2 2 2
79. (c) n cos i sin
(3 3 3 2 2 )2 (3 3 3 2 2 2 )2 n n
2 2 1 i 3
(1 2 0, 3 1) 3 cos i sin
3 3 2 2
(2 )2 (2 2 )2 4 2 4 4 4 (1) 4 . 2
2 2 4 4
and 32 cos i sin cos i sin
3 3 3 3
70. (c) Given, sin(10 23 ) sin( 2 )
4 4
1 i 3
1 2.
sin sin sin . 2 2
4 4 4 2 ( x y 3 z 32 ) (x y 32 z 3 )
71. (a) ( x y z 2 )( x y 2 z )
6 6 6 6
3 i i 3 1 3i 1 3i
x 2 y 2 z 2 xy yz zx .
2 2 2i 2i
80. (d) z z 1 1 z 2 z 1 0 z or 2
1 For z , z 100 z 100 ( )100 ( )100
[( )6 ( 2 )6 ] [( 3 ) 2 ( 3 )4 ]
i6 1
= 2 1
1 3 i , 2 1 3 i
2 2 For z = – 2, z 100 z 100 ( 2 )100 ( 2 )100
1 1
(1 1) 2 . 200 2 2 2 1.
200
72. (d) (1 w 2 )7 (1 2 2 2 )7 (2 2 )7
81. (c) x 4 x 3 x 1 0 x 3 ( x 1) 1( x 1) 0
94 Complex Numbers
1 3i 1 3 i = 99 [1 2 ] [Since 1 2 0, 3 1 ]
x 1 0 or x 3 1 0 x 1, 1, ,
2 2
= 0.
so its real roots are 1 and – 1.
92. (a) sin 1 (e i ) x iy
1i 3 1 i 3 1 i 3 2 i2 3
82. (c)
1 i 3 1 i 3 1 i 3 4 sin( x iy) e i
1 i 3 sin x cosh y i cos x sinh y cos i sin
2
cos
n
On comparison, cosh y ,
1 i 3 sin x
n 3 1 n 3 .
1 i 3 sin
sinh y cosh 2 y sinh 2 y 1
2 3n 2 2 3n
cos x
83. (a) [(1 ) ] [(1 ) ]
3n 2 3n 1 sin 2 sin 2
( ) ( ) ( 3 ) 2 n 1 n 1 2 n 0 .
3 n
1
1 cos x cos 2 x
2
84. (a) (a b ) (a b ) (a b 2 )
cos 2 x sin 2 cos 2 x sin 2 cos 2 x sin 2
(a b ) (a 2 ab ( 2 ) b 2 3 )
= cos 2 x cos 4 x
2 2 3 3
(a b ) (a ab b ) a b .
cos 4 x sin 2 x cos 1 sin .
1 3
85. (b) i cos i sin
2 2 3 3 93. (b) sinh ix i sin x .
1/4 1/4 94. (c) cos (u iv) i
1 3
Now i cos i sin
2 2 3 3 cos u cos( iv) sin u sin(iv) i
cos u cosh v and sin u sinh v
cos i sin cis .
12 12 12
(cos( ix ) cosh x , sin(ix ) i sinh x )
86. (d) (8 )1 / 3 x x 3 8 0
2 2 1 = cos 2 u cosh 2 v sin 2 u sin h 2v 1
(x 2) (x 2 2 x 4) 0 .
cos 2 u cosh 2 v sin 2 u sinh 2 v cos 2 u sin 2 u
x 2, 2 , 2 2 or x 2, 1 i 3 , 1 i 3 .
cos 2 u cos h 2 v sin 2 u (1 sin h 2 v) cos 2 u
87. (d) 225 (3 8 2 ) 2 (3 2 8 ) 2
225 (5 2 3 ) 2 (5 3 ) 2 cos 2 u cos h 2 v sin 2 u cos h 2 v cos 2 u
225 18 5( 2 ) [ cosh 2 v sinh 2 v 1]
225 18 5(1) 225 18 5 248 .
cosh 2 v (cos 2 u sin 2 u ) cos 2 u
88. (a) ( 3 n 1) n ( 2 n 2 n ) 2 n ( n 4 n )
cos 2 u cosh 2 v [cos 2 u sin 2 u 1] .
(1 1) 0 2 n [ n ( 3 )n n ]
0 0 0 0. 95. (a) sec h (i ) sec (i2 ) sec( ) sec 1 .
89. (c) (3 3 2 ) 4 [(3 3 2 ) 4 ] 96. (c) cosh( i ) cosh( i )
2 4 4
[ 3 (1 ) ] [3( ) ] = cosh cosh (i ) sinh sinh(i )
[2 ]4 16 4 16 . cosh cosh (i ) sinh sinh (i )
90. (a) (1 2 2 )6 = (1 2 2 )6 2 sinh sinh i 2i sinh sin .
6 6
= ( 2 ) (3 ) 97. (b) cosh ( i ) cosh cosh (i ) sinh sinh (i )
(3)6 ( 3 )2 [Since 1 2 0, 3 1 ] Imaginary part sinh sin .
= 729.
98. (a) It is obvious.
91. (d) 99 1 101
99. (c) It is obvious.
Complex Numbers 95
tan u tan( iv)
100. (b) tan( u iv) i i
1 tan u tan( iv)
tan u i tan hv i[1 i tan u tan hv ]
[tan ix i tan hx ]
tan u(1 tan hv ) i(1 tan hv )
(tan u i)(1 tanh v ) 0
1 tan hv 0 tan hv 1
e v e v
1 e v e v e v e v
e v e v
2 e v 0 e v e v .
101. (a) tan 1 ( i ) x iy
i tan( x iy) …..(i)
Taking conjugate,
( i ) tan( x iy) …..(ii)
tan 2 x tan[( x iy) ( x iy)]
( i ) ( i ) 2
tan 2 x
1 ( i ) ( i ) 1 ( 2 2 )
1 2
x tan 1 .
2 1 2 2
102. (c) Let y | a b c 2 |
for y to be minimum y 2 must be minimum.
y 2 | a b c 2 | 2
y 2 (a b c 2 ) (a b c 2 )
1
= [(a b ) 2 (b c) 2 (c a) 2 ]
2
Since a, b and c are not equal at a time so
minimum value of y 2 occurs when any two
are same and third is differ by 1.
Minimum of y 1 (as a, b, c are integers)
103. (d) 2 (1 ) 3 (1 2 ) 2 ( 2 ) 3 ( )
= 2 2 0.
104. (c) x , y 2 , z 2
xyz ( ) ( 2 )( 2 )
= ( )[ 2 ( 2 ) 2 ]
= ( ) ( 2 2 ) 3 3 .
Complex Numbers 95
b cos i sin cos i sin
6. (d)
Critical Thinking Questions c cos i sin cos i sin
b
1. (c) Given equation a 2 2a sin x 1 0 cos( ) i sin( ) ......(i)
c
2 sin x 4 sin 2 x 4 c
a sin x (1 sin 2 x ) Similarly, cos( ) i sin ( ) ......(ii)
2 a
a sin x i cos x a
and cos( ) i sin( ) .....(iii)
b
If x a 1, x 270 o a 1 .
2 from (i) + (ii) + (iii)
2. (d) Using i 3 i, i5 i and i7 i , we can write the cos( ) cos( ) cos( )
given expression as i[sin( ) sin( ) sin( )] 1
(1 i)n1 (1 i)n1 (1 i)n2 (1 i)n2 Equating real and imaginary parts,
2[n1 C 0 n1 C 2 i 2 n1 C 4 i 4 .....] cos( ) cos( ) cos( ) 1 .
2[ n2 C 0 n2 C 2 i 2 n2 C 4 i 4 .....] 7. (b) We have
(1 i)(1 2i)(1 3 i).....(1 ni) a ib .....(i)
2[n 1 C 0 n1 C 2 n 1 C 4 ....]
(1 i)(1 2i)(1 3 i).....( 1 ni) a ib .....(ii)
2[n 2 C 0 n 2 C 2 n 2 C 4 ....]
Multiplying (i) and (ii), we get 2 . 5 .....( 1 n 2 ) a 2 b 2
This is a real number irrespective of the values
of n1 and n 2 . 8. (a) First note that | z | | z | and
| z 1 z 2 | | z 1 | | z 2 |
3. (d) Given that z 2 ( p iq)z r is 0 ......(i)
Now | z | | z 1 | | z | | 1 z | | z (1 z )| | 1 | 1
Let z (where is real) be a root of (i),
then Hence, minimum value of | z | | z 1 | is 1.
2
( p iq) r is =0 9. (b) | (az1 bz 2 ) | 2 | (bz 1 az 2 ) | 2
or 2 p r i(q s) =0
a 2 | z 1 | 2 b 2 | z 2 | 2 2 Re( ab) | z 1 z 2 | b 2 | z 1 | 2
Equating real and imaginary parts, we have
a 2 | z 2 | 2 2 Re( ab )| z 1 z 2 |
2 p r 0 and q s 0
2 (a 2 b 2 )(| z1 | 2 | z 2 | 2 )
s s
Eliminating , we get p q r 0
q 10. (a) We know that log a m log a n m n or m n ,
according as a 1 or 0 a 1 . Hence for
or s 2 pqs q 2 r 0 or pqs s 2 q 2 r
z x iy
4. (b) x 5 4 i x 2 10 x 25 16
log (1 / 3 ) | z 1 | log (1 / 3 ) | z 1 | | z 1 | | z 1 |
Now, x 4 9 x 3 35 x 2 x 4
1
(x 2 10 x 41)(x 2 x 4 ) 160 160 0 1
3
5. (b) We have 3 i (a ib)(c id) | x iy 1 | | x iy 1 |
ac bd 3 and ad bc 1 ( x 1)2 y 2 (x 1) 2 y 2
-1 b d 4 x 0 x 0 Re( z ) 0
Now tan tan 1
a c
11. (d) Since | z 1 | | z 2 | 1 , we have
b d
z 1 cos 1 i sin 1 , z 2 cos 2 i sin 2
tan 1 a c tan 1 bc ad tan 1 1
b d ac bd
1 . 3 where 1 arg(z 1 ) and 2 arg(z 2 )
a c
Also, z 1 a ib and z 2 c id.
Therefore a cos 1 , b sin 1 , c cos 2
n ,n I
6
and d sin 2
96 Complex Numbers
Also, R(z 1 z 2 ) 0 z 12 5 z 4
14. (c) We have and 1
z 8i 3 z 8
R[(cos 1 i sin 1 )(cos 2 i sin 2 )] 0
Let z x iy , then
R[(cos( 1 2 ) i sin(1 2 )] 0
z 12 5
3 | z 12 | 5 | z 8 i |
cos( 1 2 ) 0 1 2 1 2 z 8i 3
2 2
3 | ( x 12 ) iy | 5 | x (y 8 )i |
Now, w1 a ic cos 1 i cos 2 cos 1 i sin 1
9( x 12 )2 9 y 2 25 x 2 25 (y 8 )2 ....(i)
| w1 | 1
z 4
Similarly, | w 2 | 1 and 1 | z 4 | | z 8 |
z 8
Next w 1 w 2 (cos 1 i sin 1 )(cos 2 i sin 2 ) | x 4 iy | | x 8 iy |
cos( 1 2 ) i sin( 1 2 ) ( x 4 )2 y 2 ( x 8 )2 y 2 x 6
| w1 w 2 | 1 Putting x 6 in (i), we get y 2 25 y 136 0
Finally, R (w 1 w 2 ) R(w 2 w 1 ) y 17 ,8
Hence z 6 17 i or z 6 8 i
R[(cos 2 i sin 2 )(cos 1 i sin 1 )]
Trick : Check it with options.
R[cos( 2 1 ) i sin( 2 1 )]
1 1 1 z z z z z z
15. (a) 1 1 1 2 2 3 3
z1 z 2 z 3 z1 z2 z3
cos( 2 1 ) cos 0
2
( | z 1 | 2 1 z 1 z 1 , etc )
2 2
12. (c) Let z a ib,| z | 1 a b 1
| z 1 z 2 z 3 | | z 1 z 2 z 3 | | z 1 z 2 z 3 |
2 2
and w c id,| w | 1 c d 1 ( | z 1 | | z 1 |)
| z iw | | a ib i(c id)| 2 16. (c) Given numbers are
z 1 10 6 i, z 2 4 6 i and z x iy
(a d )2 (b c)2 4 ......(i)
z z1 (x 10 ) i (y 6)
| z iw | | a ib i(c id) | amp amp
4
z z2 ( x 4 ) i (y 6 ) 4
(a d )2 (b c)2 4 ......(ii) ( x 4 )(y 6) (y 6 )(x 10 )
1
From (i) and (ii), we get bc 0 ( x 4 )( x 10 ) (y 6 )2
Either b 0 or c 0 12 y y 2 72 6 y x 2 14 x 40 .....(i)
2
If b 0 , then a 1 . Then, only possibility is Now | z 7 9 i | | (x 7 ) i(y 9 )|
a 1 or 1 .
( x 7)2 (y 9) 2 ....(ii)
13. (c) Let z r (cos i sin ) .
2
From (i), ( x 2 14 x 49 ) (y 2 18 y 81) 18
1 1 2
Then z a z a ( x 7)2 (y 9 )2 18
z z
1 or [(x 7 ) 2 (y 9 ) 2 ]1 / 2 [18 ]1 / 2 3 2
r2 2 cos 2 a 2 ……(i)
r2 | ( x 7 ) i(y 9 )| 3 2 or | z 7 9 i | 3 2 .
Differentiating w.r.t. we get 17. (c) First deduce that a b c , then it will be
2
dr 2 dr z z1
2r 4 sin 2 0 equal to arg 3 .
d r 3 d
z 2 z1
dr 18. (d) Trick : On checking the options, (d) satisfies
Putting 0 , we get 0,
d 2 both the conditions.
19. (b) We have
r is maximum for , therefore from (i)
2 max amp(z)=amp (z 2 ), min amp (z)=amp (z 1 )
2 Y
1 1 a a 4
r2 2 a2 r a r
r2 r 2
15 15
Z2 1 Z1
25
2
1
X
Complex Numbers 97
n
C 0 C 2 C 4 C 6 ..... 2 n / 2 cos
4
23. (c) x cos i sin e i , y cos i sin e i
x m y n x m y n e im e in e im e in
e i(m n ) e i (m n ) cos(m n ) i sin(m n )
cos( m n ) i sin(m n )
15 3
Now amp (z 1 ) 1 cos 1 cos 1 2 cos( m n )
25
5
15 24. (d) We have
1 3
amp (z 2 ) 2 sin 1 sin 8 8
2 2 25 2 5 2r 2 r 2r 2 r
| max amp (z ) min amp (z )|
r 1
sin
9
i cos
9
i cos
r 1
9
i sin
9
8 2 r 8
i
3 3
2
sin 1 cos 1
5 5
i e
r 1
9 i , when e
r 1
r ( 2 i / 9 )
8
3 3 3 (1 ) ( 9 ) 1
cos 1 cos 1 2 cos 1 i i i i
2 2 5 5 5 (1 ) 1 1
20. (a) We have z 2 z 1 and z 4 z 3 ( 9 e i 2 cos 2 i sin 2 1 )
25. (b) Let the complex number a, b, c and u, v, w
Therefore z 1 z 2 | z 1 | 2 and z 3 z 4 | z 3 | 2
represent the vertices A, B, C and D, E, F of the
z z z z two triangle ABC and DEF respectively.
Now arg 1 arg 2
z
arg 1 2
z z
z4 3 4 3 Put b a r1 e i1
z 2
| z | 2 c a r2 e i 2
arg 1 2 arg 1 =0
| z | z
3 3 v u 1 e i1 , w u 2 e i 2 and r e i
( Argument of positive real number is zero). Substituting these values in the given
21. (c) Given that arg zw = .....(i) relations
c a r(b a) and w u (v u)r, we have
z i 0 z i z i iz
r2 e i 2 e i r1 e i1 r1 e i( 1 ) .......(i)
From (i), arg (iz 2 )
i 2 i1 i i(1 )
and 2 e 1 e e (1 )e .......(ii)
arg (i) 2 arg(z ) ; 2 arg(z ) Equating moduli and arguments of the
2
complex numbers on both sides (i), we get
3 3
2 arg (z ) ; a rg(z ) r2 r1 , 2 1
2 4
i.e., AC AB and CAB 2 1
22. (d) Since (1 x )n C 0 C1 x C 2 x 2 ..... C n x n
Similarly from (ii), we shall get DF DE and
Put x i , on both the sides, we get FDE 2 1
(1 i)n (C 0 C 2 C 4 .....) i(C1 C 3 C 5 .....) AC AB
Thus we get and CAB FDE
.....(i) DF DE
Hence the triangle ABC and DEF are similar.
Also, 1 i 2 cos i sin in amplitude 26. (a) One of the number must be a conjugate of
4 4
z1 1 i 3 i.e . z 2 1 i 3
modulus form
n or z 3 z1 e i2 / 3 and z 2 z 1 e i 2 / 3
n n / 2
(1 i) 2 cos i sin
4 4 2 2
z 3 (1 i 3 )cos i sin 2
n n 3 3
2 n / 2 cos i sin ....(ii)
4 4
Aliter : Obviously | z | 2 is a circle with centre
Equating the real parts in (i) and (ii) we get,
O(0 , 0) and radius 2. Therefore, OA OB OC
98 Complex Numbers
and this is satisfied by (a) because two vertices
( 2 0 )2 (0 2 )2 a 2 3 a 2 a
of any triangle cannot be same.
27. (a) Let OA, OB be the sides of an equilateral 2 a a 2 3 a 2 4 a 2 4 a a 2 3a 2
OAB and let OA, OB represent the complex 7
a 2 or 7 a 2 a 2 or a
numbers or vectors z 1 , z 2 respectively. 2
Y But a 0 from (i), therefore a 2 .
B(Z2 1
) 29. (b) Area of the triangle | z| 2
2
Z2– Z1
Z2 1
| z| 2 2 | z| 2 4 | z| 2.
Z1 A(Z1 ) 2
3
2
X z z
O 30. (c) z 2 z | z | | z | 2 0 1 0
| z | | z |
From the equilateral OAB , AB z 2 z 1
z
, 2 z | z | or z 2 | z |
z z1 | z|
arg 2 arg (z 2 z 1 ) arg z 2 / 3
z2 1 i 3
x iy | z | or x iy | z | 1 i 3
z 2 2 2 2
and arg 2 arg(z 2 ) arg(z 1 )
z1 3
1 3 | z| | z| 3
x | z |, y | z | or x ,y
z 2 z1 z 2 2 2 2
Also 1 2 , since triangle is
z2 z1
y 3 x 0 or y 3 x 0 y 2 3 x 2 0 .
equilateral.
31. (c) cos cos cos 0
z z1 z2
Thus the vectors 2 and have same and sin sin sin 0
z2 z1
modulus and same argument, which implies Let a cos i sin ; b cos i sin and
that the vectors are equal, that is c cos i sin . Therefore
z 2 z1 z 2 a b c (cos cos cos ) i (sin sin sin )
z 1 z 2 z 12 z 22 z 12 z 22 z 1 z 2
z2 z1
0 i0 0
Note : Students should remember this
If a b c 0, then a 3 b 3 c 3 3 abc or
question as a formula.
28. (a) If z x iy is a complex number satisfying the (cos i sin a)3 (cos i sin )3 (cos i sin )3
given conditions, then 3(cos i sin )(cos i sin ) (cos i sin )
2
a 3 a 2 | z 2 | | z i 2 2 i 2 | (cos 3 i sin 3) (cos 3 i sin 3 ) (cos 3 i sin 3 )
3[cos( ) i sin( )]
| z i 2 | 2 | 1 i | a 2 2
or cos 3 cos 3 cos 3 3 cos( ).
3 a 0 a 0 .....(i)
r r
Since | z 2 | a 2 3 a 2 represents a circle 32. (c) z r cos i sin 2
n2 n
with centre at A( 2 ,0) and radius 2 2
z 1 cos i sin ; z 2 cos i sin ; ....
2 2 n2 n2 n2 n2
a 3 a 2 , and | z 2 i | a represents the
n n
interior of the circle with centre at B(0 , 2 ) z n cos i sin lim (z 1 z 2 z 3 ......... z n )
n2 n2 n
and radius a , therefore there will be a
complex number satisfying the given lim cos 2 (1 2 3 ... n)
n n
condition and the given inequality if the
distance AB is less than the sum or difference
i sin 2 (1 2 3 ... n)
of the radii of the two circles, i.e., if n
Complex Numbers 99
n(n 1) n(n 1) 2 2
lim cos i sin 4 5 cos 222 i sin 222
n 2n 2 2n 2 3 3
i
cos i sin e 2 . 3 cos 243 i sin 243
2 2 3 3
33. (b) ( x 1)3 8 x 1 (8 )1 / 3
2 2
4 5 cos i sin 3 cos i sin
x 1 2,2 , 2 2 x 1,1 2 ,1 2 2 3 3 3 3
Trick : By inspection, we see that (b) satisfies 1 3 1 3
the equation i.e, 4 5 i 3 i
2 2 2 2
(1 1)3 8 0, (1 2 1)3 8 0 (1 2 2 1)3 8 0 .
3
34. (c) Since 1, , 2 , 3 ,..... n 1 are the n, n th roots of 4 4 2i i 3 .
2
unity, therefore, we have the identity
37. (d) a cos( 2 / 7) i sin(2 / 7 )
(x 1)(x )( x 2 ).....( x n 1 ) x n 1
a 7 [cos( 2 / 7) i sin(2 / 7 )]7
2 n 1 xn 1
or ( x )(x ).....( x )
x 1 cos 2 i sin 2 1 .....(i)
= x n 1 x n 2 ..... x 1 S (a a 2 a 4 ) (a 3 a 5 a 6 )
Putting x 1 on both sides, we get
a(1 a 6 )
S a a 2 a 3 a4 a5 a6
(1 )(1 2 ).....(1 n 1 ) n 1a
35. (b) r th term of the given series a a7 a 1
S 1 .....(ii)
1a 1a
= r[(r 1) ][(r 1) 2 ]
P (a a 2 a 4 )(a 3 a 5 a 6 )
= r[(r 1)2 ( 2 )(r 1) 3 ]
a 4 a 6 a 7 a 5 a 7 a 8 a 7 a 9 a10
= r[(r 1)2 (1)(r 1) 1]
n
a 4 a 6 1 a 5 1 a 1 a 2 a 3 (From eq (i)]
2 3 2
= r[(r 3 r 3] r 3 r 3 r
3 (a a 2 a 3 a 4 a 5 a 6 ) 3 S
(n 1 )
3 1 2 [From (ii)]
Thus sum of the given series (r 3
3 r 2 3 r)
r 1
Required equation is, x 2 Sx P 0
1 1 1 x2 x 2 0.
(n 1)2 n 2 3 . (n 1)(n)(2 n 1) 3 . (n 1)n
4 6 2
2r 2 r
38. (d) 11 / n cos i sin
1 n n
(n 1)n(n 2 3 n 4 )
4
2r1 2r
36. (c) Given equation is
Let z 1 cos i sin 1
n n
334 365
1 3 1 3 2r2 2r
4 5 i 3 i and z 2 cos i sin 2 .
2 2 2 2 n n
z
334 365 Then Z 1 OZ 2 amp 1 amp (z 1 ) amp (z 2 )
2 2 2 2
4 5 cos i sin 3 cos i sin z2
3 3 3 3
2(r1 r2 )
(Given)
668 668 n 2
4 5 cos i sin
3 3
n 4 (r1 r2 ) =4 × integer, so n is of the form 4
730 730 k.
3 cos i sin
3 3
39. (a) 2 ( 1) ( 2 1) 3(2 1)(2 2 1) ......
(n 1)(n 1) (n 2 1)
100 Complex Numbers
n
= (r 1)(r 1) (r
r 1
2
1)
n
= (r 1)(r
r 1
2 3
r r 2 1)
n n
=
r 1
(r 1)(r 2 r 1) = (r
r 1
3
r 2 r r 2 r 1)
n n 2
= (r ) (1) = n(n2 1)
r 1
3
r 1
n.
40. (d) We have,
(1 2 )m (1 4 )m ( 3 1)
(1 2 )m (1 )m
( ) m ( 2 )m
m
3
2 1 ( 2 )m 1 ( ) 2 m ( 3 ) m
2
Hence least positive integral value of m is 3.
You might also like
- Complex Numbers: Algebra and OperationsNo ratings yetComplex Numbers: Algebra and Operations21 pages
- Complex Number Operations and Iota ValuesNo ratings yetComplex Number Operations and Iota Values21 pages
- Integral Powers of Iota in Complex NumbersNo ratings yetIntegral Powers of Iota in Complex Numbers14 pages
- Mathematics II: Integral Calculus ProblemsNo ratings yetMathematics II: Integral Calculus Problems2 pages
- Complex Number DPP Questions and SolutionsNo ratings yetComplex Number DPP Questions and Solutions9 pages
- Sec: SC-60 JI Complex Numbers Date: 04-06-2020 - Single Answer TypeNo ratings yetSec: SC-60 JI Complex Numbers Date: 04-06-2020 - Single Answer Type6 pages
- Complex Numbers and De Moivre's Theorem ProblemsNo ratings yetComplex Numbers and De Moivre's Theorem Problems30 pages
- Functions, Limits, and DifferentiabilityNo ratings yetFunctions, Limits, and Differentiability72 pages
- Trigonometric Equations and Solutions GuideNo ratings yetTrigonometric Equations and Solutions Guide71 pages
- B.Sc. Computer Science April 2022 ResultsNo ratings yetB.Sc. Computer Science April 2022 Results1 page
- 2023-24 MSC Old Papers Mlsu Old PapersssNo ratings yet2023-24 MSC Old Papers Mlsu Old Papersss21 pages
- Half Adder and Full Adder Circuit AnalysisNo ratings yetHalf Adder and Full Adder Circuit Analysis3 pages
- Sets, Functions, and Relations OverviewNo ratings yetSets, Functions, and Relations Overview10 pages
- Coordinate Systems in Computer GraphicsNo ratings yetCoordinate Systems in Computer Graphics18 pages
- Class 9 Maths: Introduction to PolynomialsNo ratings yetClass 9 Maths: Introduction to Polynomials4 pages
- Quadratic Equations and Solutions GuideNo ratings yetQuadratic Equations and Solutions Guide21 pages