Notes Part – II
Q What features can be used to group animals?
Answer: Features such as shape, size, body structure, color, and habitat can be used to group
animals.
Q How can we group animals based on how they move, and what are some examples?
Answer: Animals can be grouped based on how they move, such as flying, swimming, crawling,
running, etc. For example, birds fly, fish swim, snakes crawl, and goats walk.
Q How do adaptations help plants and animals survive in their habitat?
Adaptations allow plants and animals to better cope with environmental challenges, such as
climate, food sources, predators, and more.
Fill in the blanks
1. Animals use different body parts for movement.
2. Fish have streamlined bodies that help them swim.
3. The place where an organism lives is called its habitat.
4. Camels store food in their hump.
5. Rhododendrons are found in mountainous regions.
One-word answers
1. What helps fish move in water? → Fins
2. What is the shape of a deodar tree? → Conical
3. What type of habitat is a forest? → Terrestrial
4. Which animal survives well in a desert? → Camel
5. What do we call special features of animals that help them survive? → Adapta ons
Short Answer Ques ons
1. What is meant by adapta on?
→ Adapta on is a special feature or behaviour that helps an organism survive in its habitat.
2. Why do camels have long legs and wide hooves?
→ To walk easily on sand without sinking.
3. What is a habitat?
→ A habitat is the place where an animal or plant lives and gets food, water, air, and shelter.
4. What is the use of a streamlined body in fish?
→ It helps the fish swim easily in water.
5. Why do deodar trees have sloping branches?
→ Deodar trees have sloping branches so that snow can slide off easily in mountainous
areas.
6. What are amphibians, and how are they adapted to live both on land and in water?
Amphibians are animals that can live both on land and in water. They have special
adaptations such as moist skin for breathing in water and strong legs for moving on land.
Examples include frogs, salamanders, and newts.
Long Answer Ques ons
o Explain how animals are adapted to live in deserts and mountains.
In deserts, animals like camels have adapta ons like long legs, wide hooves, one or
two humps to store fat, and they excrete li le water to survive in hot, dry condi ons.
o In mountains, animals have thick fur to stay warm and shorter legs for climbing.
Camels in cold deserts have two humps and grow long hair to survive the cold.
2. Describe how plants in different regions show different adapta ons.
o Desert plants like cac have thick, fleshy stems to store water and survive heat.
o Mountain plants like deodar have sloping branches to let snow fall off easily.
o Rhododendrons are short in windy mountain tops and tall in lower mountain regions.
Applica on-Based Ques ons
1. Why don’t camels sweat much in deserts?
→ Camels don’t sweat much in deserts becausefc they need to conserve water to survive
the hot and dry climate of the desert.
2. If you see an animal with fins and a streamlined body, where would it most likely live?
→ In water (aqua c habitat).
3. Why would a cactus not survive well in a rainforest?
→ Because cactus is adapted for dry condi ons and would not handle the constant
moisture.
4. How do features of rhododendrons change with region?
→ They are short with small leaves in windy mountain tops and taller with bigger leaves in
other regions.
5. How did people help save the Silent Valley forest?
→ By crea ng awareness, wri ng le ers, publishing ar cles, and going to court to stop the
dam project.
6.
Know the Scien sts
Scien st Contribu on
Janaki Ammal Studied and preserved plant biodiversity; led the Botanical Survey of India
Salim Ali Documented birds and habitats; known as the 'Birdman of India'
Differences Between Camels in Hot and Cold Deserts
Camel in Hot Desert (Rajasthan) Camel in Cold Desert (Ladakh)
The camel has two humps to store fat,
The camel has one hump to store fat.
especially useful in winter.
It has long legs with wide hooves to walk It has shorter legs to walk comfortably on
easily on sand. slopes and rocky terrain.
It has short hair suitable for hot desert It has long hair on the head and neck to keep
temperatures. warm in cold climates.
The stored fat in the hump provides energy The two humps store fat that is used when food
during food scarcity. is not available in winter.
It does not sweat, excretes dry waste, and It also conserves water with similar
loses very li le water. adapta ons.
This camel is found in the hot desert region This camel is found in the cold desert region of
of Rajasthan. Ladakh.
Q: How do rhododendrons adapt to survive in different mountain regions? Explain with
reference to their size and leaf type.
Answer:
Rhododendrons adapt their size and leaf type depending on the climate and wind
condi ons of their habitat. In windy areas like the Nilgiris, they grow shorter with smaller
leaves to resist strong winds. In more protected mountain regions like Sikkim, they grow
taller with broader leaves. These adapta ons help them survive in different mountain
environments.
Q: Differences Between Rhododendrons Found in Different Places.
Rhododendrons in Sikkim and Himalayan
Rhododendrons in Nilgiris (Tamil Nadu)
Regions
Rhododendrons in the Nilgiris are shorter in
Rhododendrons in the Himalayas are taller.
height.
They may have larger leaves depending on
They have smaller leaves to survive strong winds.
the region.
The shorter height and smaller leaves help them The protected mountain slopes allow them to
withstand heavy mountain winds. grow taller and broader.
Found in the Shola forests of the Nilgiris in Tamil Found in Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal
Nadu. Pradesh, and U arakhand.
Difference Between Climbers and Creepers
Climbers Creepers
Plants with weak stems that need support to grow Plants with weak stems that grow along the
upward ground
Climb up using support like poles, walls, or other
Spread or trail on the ground
plants
Weak but flexible Very weak and so
Money plant, pea plant, grapevine Pumpkin, watermelon, cucumber
Body Part Animals/Examples Type of Movement
Fins Fish, Dolphins, Whales Swimming
Legs Goats, Lions, Humans, Kangaroos Walking, Running, Hopping
Wings Birds, Bats, Insects Flying
Tentacles Octopus, Squid Crawling, Swimming
Paws Dogs, Cats, Bears Walking, Running