Professional Diploma in
Project
Management
Project Initiation Phase
The International
Space Station is
Did you one of the world’s
megaprojects.
know?
Identify scope
Explain feasibility studies
Identify stakeholders
Create a project charter
Objectives
Lesson 2
Initiation phase
objectives
Scope Goals/Deliverables
Feasibility Stakeholders
Project scope
Scope
• Detailed account of every
aspect of the project
• Determine boundaries
• Use visuals
• Be specific
Six phases of defining the scope
1 2 3 4 5 6
Plan Control Collect Define Create Work Validate
Scope Scope Requirements Scope Breakdown Scope
(Smartsheet, 2019)
Structure
(WBS)
Timeline Deliverables
Scope of work
sections
Milestones Reports
Timeline Deliverables
Scope of work
sections
Milestones Reports
Timeline Deliverables
Scope of work
sections
Milestones Reports
Timeline Deliverables
Scope of work
sections
Milestones Reports
Scope creep
• Top cause of project failure
• Generally occurs when:
• Projects are not accurately defined
• Documents are inaccurate
• Control is lost/loosely managed
Scope creep
Specs
Cost Time Effort Resources
Identifying
project goals
• Purpose of undertaking the project
• Long-term outcome
• Tangible statements
• Measurable targets
SMART goals
Measurable Realistic
S M A R T
Specific Attainable Timely
Identifying project
objectives
• What needs to be achieved to reach
the project goal
• Five categories:
• Business Objectives
• Financial Objectives
• Regulatory Objectives
• Effectiveness Objectives
• Performance Objectives
Identifying project
deliverables
• Quantifiable goods or services
• Key aspects of deliverables:
• Must exist within project scope
• Be approved by stakeholders
• Must be strategically planned
• Must contribute to the overall
success of the project
Identifying
milestones
• Sequence in which the project
must be completed
• Ensure vital processes are
accomplished within the allotted
time frame
• Progression is monitored as it
moves through each phase
Project feasibility
A feasibility study is an analysis that
takes all of a project's relevant
factors into account to ascertain the
likelihood of completing the project
successfully.
A feasibility study
• The project
• When implemented
• Reasons for taking on the project
• Plan to achieve goals
• Best practices
• Report on likelihood of success
T echnical
Types of E conomic
Feasibility L egal
Studies
O perational
S cheduling
Technology
Labour
Technical
Feasibility Transport/Shipping
Study
Physical location
Materials
Target market
Economic Competitors
Feasibility
Study Predicted expenses
Demand forecasts
& projections
Confirm legal
requirements & restrictions
Legal
Feasibility Copyrights
Study
Permits
Compatibility with
business operations
Operational Environment
Feasibility
Study Ease of operation
Fit for purpose
Scheduling Project timeline
Feasibility
Study Milestones
T.E.L.O.S.
If it is feasible
Red, Amber & Green review (RAG)
Problems are arising that may
jeopardise the success of the
project
Potential problems have appeared &
intervention may be necessary as the
project progresses
Project is proceeding as planned & on schedule
Technical Review
Economic Review
Go/No-Go
Review Legal Review
Operational Review
Scheduling Review
Project stakeholders
Project stakeholder
‘an individual, group or organisation
that is actively involved in the
project’
Identifying
stakeholders
We need people pics Who is affected Who has the power
for all the slides in
this timeline – it is positively or negatively to make it succeed
about stakeholders by the project? or fail?
Who has influence over
other stakeholders?
Who makes the Who has the potential
decisions about to solve problems
money? with the project?
Who has specialist
skills which are Who is the
crucial to the project? end user?
Who is in charge of
assigning or procuring
resources or facilities?
Internal
stakeholders
Top management
Resourcing directors
Finance department
Other teams
Expanded stakeholders
• Suppliers
• Vendors/contractors/subcontractors
• Customers
• Manufacturers
• Environmental organisations
• Community members
• Government
• Media
Assessing
stakeholder interest
& influence
Keep Key
satisfied players
Mapping the
Power
power interest
matrix Keep
Minimal
effort informed
Level of interest
High power & Keep Key
high interest satisfied players
Power
x
• Key players
• Need to be engaged
regularly and managed
closely Minimal Keep
• Will require the most effort informed
effort to keep satisfied
Level of interest
High power & Keep Key
low interest satisfied players
Power
x
• Keep satisfied
• Strike a balance between
keeping them informed
but not overloading them Minimal Keep
• Treat with caution effort informed
Level of interest
Low power & Keep Key
high interest satisfied players
Power
x
• Keep informed
• Make sure they don’t have
any major issues Keep
Minimal
• Can be helpful effort informed
Level of interest
Low power & Keep Key
low interest satisfied players
Power
x
• Require minimal effort
• Monitor them but don’t
bore them Keep
Minimal
• May become more effort informed
powerful
Level of interest
Creating a
stakeholder register
Items to include in stakeholder register
Name/contact details Power
Title/position Requirements/contribution
Level of interest Expectations/concerns
Stakeholder register example
Internal/
Name Position Interest Influence Contribution Concerns Contact
External
John Doe Internal CEO High High Financial expertise Budget johndoe@[Link]
Susan Approves Project
External Client High High susansunshine@[Link]
Sunshine deliverables timeline
Project charter
The project charter
• Reason for the project
• Main stakeholders
• Benefits of the project
• Objectives and constraints
• Risks identified
• Budget overview
Initiation
Phase Scope of
the project
Stakeholders Project
Charter