Subsidiary

ICT for
Uganda
Curriculum Topic 2 out of 15:
COMPUTER MANAGEMENT
Recommended Coverage Duration: 16 periods (22/3 weeks)
Senior Five Term I

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[Link] UACE SUB-ICT 2: Computer Management Slide 1/45

 Background
• Interacting with computers and other ICTs for the first time
is one of the most challenging tasks. However, system
developers invented storage media, system administrative
tools, services and programmes, menus, graphics,
commands and most interestingly voice recognition
interfaces to facilitate the interaction and dialog between
the system and the user.
• It is important that the learner is introduced to the general
operating system environment, common files and folders
plus their management, and basic utilities.
• Learning Outcome: The learner should be able to
demonstrate that he can efficiently manage files.
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 Presentation Outline
UACE Sub – ICT Topic 2:
Topic 2: Computer Management
• Sub Topic 1. Booting Process
• Sub Topic 2. File Management
• Sub Topic 3. Common Utilities
• Sub Topic 4. Print Management

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 Sub Topic 1. Booting Process

Sub topic Objectives:

a. Booting of a computer
– describes the booting process.
– identifies types of booting
b. Computer programme
– explains the concept of a computer programme.
– explains various ways of starting a programme.

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 a) Booting of a computer
• Booting is the
process of starting a
Types of Booting:
computer. •There are two types of booting: Cold
booting and warm booting .
• Booting is a series of
operations used to •Cold booting is the action of starting
start and set a up a computer which has been
computer for use. completely off. Usually, it commences
• NB: More details on with switching on the power supply
the series of buttons on the monitor and system unit
operations during /box respectively.
booting will be
covered in •Warm Booting is the action/process of
subsequent chapters. restarting a computer which is already
running. It is also called rebooting.
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 b. Computer programme
• A computer program is a set of instructions that a
computer uses to perform a specific task, such
as word processing, accounting, or data
management. Also called an application.
• Almost everything you do on your computer
requires using a program. For example, if you want
to draw a picture, you need to use a drawing or
painting program. To write a letter, you use a word
processing program. To explore the Internet, you
use a program called a web browser. Thousands of
programs are available for Windows.
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 b. Computer programme
• Starting a program
• The Start menu is the gateway to all of the programs on
your computer. To open the Start menu, click the Start
button . The left pane of the Start menu contains a small
list of programs.. To open a program, click it.
• If you don't see the program you want to open, but you
know its name, type all or part of the name into the search
box at the bottom of the left pane.
• To browse a complete list of your programs, click the Start
button, and then click All Programs.
• More ways of how to open computer programmes will be
discussed in the next chapters.
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 Sub Topic 2. File Management
Sub topic Objectives: b. Files
a. Folders – defining a file.
― defining a folder. – creating a file.
― Creating folder on a – identifying file types.
storage medium of a – saving a file in a desired
computer. location.
― moving a folder to a – Using folders and sub folders
desired Location to effectively categorise files.
― deleting a folder. c. Desktop
– describing how to customise
the Desktop.
– explaining the major icons on
the desktop.
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 Introduction
• In a physical office • Like drawers in a real filing cabinet, they
filing system you may contain several labeled folders to
store files within keep other folders (subfolders) and your
folders in a file files organized. If you create an organized
cabinet which may system of folders, it is easy to find your
have several computer files when you need them.
drawers. If you
organize the system
well, it will be easy
to find files when
you need them.
Computer disk
partitions are like
filing cabinet
drawers.
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 Introduction
• File management involves operations on files and folders
on a computers disks.
• File management operations include
• Creating files and folders
• Moving
• Copying
• Selecting single or multiple files (ctrl+click / Shift+click)
• Renaming
• Searching and Sorting by name, date or file extension (type)
• Printing
• Deleting
• Restoring or emptying recycle bin etc.
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 a. Folders
• A folder is a named storage location where related files can
be stored. In contrast, a file is a collection of related data
saved with a given name on a storage medium.

• A folder is also known as a directory in some operating

systems.
• All folders or directories originate from a special directory
called root directory or folder. The root directory is
represented by a back slash (\). A folder or directory may
be created inside another folder or directory.
• Such a folder or directory is called a subfolder or a
subdirectory.
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 a. Folders
Creating a new folder
• To create a new folder:
• Using my computer icon, on the folder tree on the left
pane, select the location (desktop) in which you want to
create a new folder.
• 1. On the File menu tab, Click new folder
• 2. Type a new name for the folder to Replace the
temporary name, then press Enter key or click the icon
once.
• Or Right Click on the free space on the desktop,
• Point to New, click folder. Type a new name for the folder
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 a. Folders
Renaming a folder or file
• Renaming refers to changing the previous name to a new
name. To rename a file or folder proceed as follows:
• Using My Computer icon, display the Explorer window.
• On the folder tree on the left pane, select the file or folder
to be renamed.
• On the File menu, click Rename. Type the new name, and
then press Enter key.
• Or Right Click on folder or file and choose Rename option
from the pop up menu.
• Or Select the file or folder icon and Press F2 function key,
Type the new name, and then press Enter key.
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 a. Folders
• Deleting a folder or file
• In Windows, when you delete an item from the hard disk, it
is temporarily held in a special folder called the Recycle bin
from where it can be restored if necessary.
• Warning: Items deleted from a removable storage are not
held in the recycle bin and are completely lost.
• To delete a file or folder proceed as follows:
• Using My computer icon, display the Explorer window.
• On the folder tree on the left pane, select the item that is
to be deleted. On the File menu, click Delete.
• A message appears on the screen asking whether you
actually want to delete the item. Confirm by clicking Yes.
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 a. Folders
• Restoring deleted files • Empting the recycle bin
and folders • To completely discard files and
• To restore a file or folders you deleted, you need to
folder from the recycle empty the Recycle Bin. To empty
bin to its original the Recycling Bin proceed as
location proceed as follows:
follows: • Double click the recycle Bin icon
• Double click the on the desktop to open.
Recycle Bin icon. • Choose Empty Recycle Bin from
• Select the deleted File menu.
item(s) to be restored. • Click Yes when prompted to
• Click File then Restore confirm deletion of the files.
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 a. Folders
• Copying files and folders
• Cut or copy command are used to move or create a
duplicate of an item respectively. When you cut or copy an
item, it is temporarily held in a temporary storage location
known as the clipboard. To copy a file or folder:
• Using my computer icon, display the Explorer window.
• Select the file or folder to be copied.
• On the Edit menu, click copy.
• Select the drive or folder where you want the item to be
copied.
• From the edit menu, click paste. Information or item is
pasted to a new location.

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 a. Folders
• To move a file or folder proceeds as follows:
• Using My computer icon, display the Explorer windows.
• On the Edit menu, click Cut.
• Select the drive or folder where you want the item moved.
• From the Edit menu, click paste.
• Move progress dialog will be displayed on the screen.
• Moving a folder
• To move a folder to a desired location:
• Click the folder and hold
• Drag and drop to the desired location

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 a. Folders
Practice Activity: Folder Structures
1. In your user space create the folder structure shown
below. Schoolwork

Maths English History

2. The History folder needs to be further subdivided into two
folders Notes and Past Exams. Create these folders in the
History subfolder.
3. Rename the folder Schoolwork to Classwork.
4. Delete the Maths Folder and update the diagram by
drawing in your activity book the current folder structure.
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 a. Folders
Practice Activity 2: Folder Structures
1. In your user space create the folder structure
shown below. PR Department

Events Advert Leaflets

Easter Holiday Christmas Summer Special Posters Yellow Pages

2. Rename the Folder YellowPages to Fliers

3. Copy all the three subfolders inside the Events
folder to the Leaflets folder
4. Delete Summer Special subfolder under Leaflets

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 a. Folders
Practice Activity 3: Folder Structures
• You are creating a folder structure for a small business with three
departments: Accounts, Personnel, and Marketing
• The personnel department wants to sort its files into three groups:
Wages, Contracts, and Disciplinary
• The marketing department want to sort their fields into two groups:
Clients and Images
• Sketch a suitable folder structure for the above organisation and
create the folder structure as shown in your sketch.
• Open the Folders Pane at the left of Windows Explorer and expand all
folders to show the structure. Take a screenshot of this window and
use any appropriate program to save your screenshot under the
Images folder.

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 b. Files
• Every document, picture, sound or video saved on a
computer’s storage is a file.
• A file is associated with the program that is used to read it,
so if you double-click a file that was created in Notepad,
the Notepad program starts and displays the file.
• For example, you can edit the text in a document or change
the colors in a picture.
• All files have names, and all file names consist of two
parts—the name and the extension—separated by a
period. The type of file or the program in which it was
created is indicated by the extension. The extension is a
short abbreviation of the file type. Its usually 3 letters.
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 b. Files
• By default, Windows hides file extensions.
• If you would prefer to see your file extensions, open My
Documents (or any folder) in Windows Explorer, and on the
Tools menu, click Folder Options, and display the View tab.
Clear the Hide extensions for known file types check box,
and then click OK to close the dialog box and apply your
settings.
• Files also have icons, which are graphic representations of
the file type. Depending on the way you’re looking at your
files, you might see a large icon, or a small icon.

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 b. Files
• Creating a new file
• Depending on the programs installed in your computer, you
can create different types of files such as drawings, text
document etc. To create a new text document:
• On the free space on the desktop, right click.
• Point new, click Text Document. From the list available on
application.
• Type a new name for the new file to replace the temporary
name and press Enter key. NB: In windows, file name can
contain up to 255 characters, including spaces but, with no
special symbols such as \|/:*?”<>.

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 b. Files
• Practice Activity 4: Creating Files and Folders
Create a folder by right-clicking a blank area on the Desktop, pointing to New on the
shortcut menu, and clicking Folder.
• A new folder named New Folder appears. Type Works, and press Enter.
• Double-click the Works folder. The folder is empty.
• On the File menu, point to New, and then click Text Document.
• A new file named New Text Document appears in the window.
• Type Adventure Works Mystery [Link], and press Enter.
• The new file is named.
• Click a blank area in the folder to deselect the file.
• Now create another file named Fall Canoe [Link].
• The Works folder now has two empty text files in it.
• Double-click Fall Canoe [Link].
• The document is opened in Notepad.
• Type Watch for our upcoming schedule of guided canoe trips.
• Click the Close button in the upper-right corner of the Notepad
window, and click Yes to save the changes to the file
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 b. Files
• Selecting Multiple Files
Sometimes, though, you’ll want to select more than one
file at a time. For example, you might need to move a group
of files, or copy several files at once.
There are many ways to select multiple files:
■ Shift+Click If the files you want to select are listed one
after another, click the first file in the group, hold down
Shift, and then click the last file in the group.
■ Ctrl+Click If the files you want to select are not listed
together, hold down Ctrl while you click each file. If you
select a file that you don’t want to include in the group,
hold down Ctrl, and click the file again to deselect it.

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 b. Files
Types of files File Attributes: Every file has
There are three types of files the following details:
namely: i). System files ii). • A file name and an optional
Application files iii). Data files extension. The name and
• System files: contain extension are separated by
information that is critical for a period (.) e.g. [Link]. In
the operation of the this case, the file name is
computer. Jeff and the extension is
• Application files: holds doc.
programs and are executable. • The size in bytes,
• Data files: contains user • date, and
specific data • time the file was created.
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 b. Files
• Table below shows some file extension and whether it is a
system, application or a data file.
Extension File type Description

.doc Data Microsoft Word document file.

.xls Data Microsoft Excel document file.
.ppt Data Microsoft PowerPoint document file.
.pub Data Microsoft Publisher document file.
.accdb Data Microsoft Access document file.
.txt Data A plain text file created using note pad editor
.exe Application files The file that launches a particular application, e.g.
[Link]

.bat System files Files containing a series of commands loaded during boot up.

.sys System files System files that perform fundamental operations in a computer.
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 b. Files
• Saving a file
• After typing the content of the file in the work area, click
file and then click save. Otherwise, the file will be saved
with a different name or location then:
• Save As
• 1. Click File menu and then
• 2. From the Save As dialog box, select where the
document is to be saved then type its name.
• 3. Click the save button

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 b. Files
Finding Files
When you are saving your work you must
always be aware of: [Link] drive it is saved
on. 2. The folder it is placed in. 3. The file
name.
• If you follow these simple rules it will make
finding your files much easier.
• If you lose a file, you can use the Search
utility in Windows Explorer to look for the
file. The search feature is fairly
sophisticated and will allow you to search
on a number of different criteria:
• Name
• Date
• Type (Using the file extension)
• Size
• Containing text
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 b. Files
Practice Activity 4: Creating Files and Folders
1. In your X drive create a folder and name it
with your first and last name.
2. Within this folder create three subfolders
called java, python and php.
3. Within each of the three new folders
create two subfolders – src and images.
By now you should have created ten
folders shown below:-
4. Create a new text file document called
java in the java/src folder.
5. Create a new Microsoft Word document
called Java in the python/src folder.

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 b. Files
7. Create a new Microsoft Paint document called Image in the java/images folder.
8. Try to place a Shortcut file to the new image file created into both the
python/images and php/images folders.
9. Rename the short cut in the php/images folder to “My Shortcut to
image”
10. Edit the text file java in the java/src folder, type your name and save
the file.
11. Place a copy of the file java into the python/src folder.
12. Rename the copied file python.
13. Move the file java from the python/src folder into the java/src folder.
14. Find out the size (in bytes) of the java/src/java document. Create a
new text file called fileSize in the java/scr folder, type the size of the file
and save it.
15. Try to create a compressed zip file for the folder you created in step 1.
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 File Specification and File path
• A file specification is the name given to identify a
file. The path is the first part of the file
specification. The file name and extension make up
the remainder of the file specification. For example,
the file specification
• C:\Users\Peter\[Link]
• identifies the file [Link] in the Peter
subfolder under Users folder on the C drive.

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 c. Desktop
• Once a computer is turned on, the operating system is
loaded into the main memory and finally the desktop is
displayed showing that the computer is ready for use.

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 c. Desktop
• Major features of a windows desktop.
• Desktop Background
• Windows lets the user to customize the desktop
background by applying favorite themes, colors, pictures
and wallpapers.
• Icons
• An icon is a graphical representation of a program on the
screen. Icons are mostly manipulated using a pointing
device e.g. the mouse.

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 c. Desktop
• Major features of a windows desktop.
i. Taskbar
• The taskbar enables the user to easily switch between
different programs and tasks that are currently running.
Whenever the user starts a program or opens a file, its
button appears on the task bar and stays there until the
user exits the program.
• Task bar is the band where the buttons of currently running
task are displayed. For example, the task manager shows
the tasks currently running. You can switch between
various tasks by clicking their respective buttons on the
task manager.
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 c. Desktop
Major features of a windows desktop.
ii. System tray/Notification area:
• This is at the right part of the taskbar. It has icons of
tasks running in the background but are not
displayed on the screen. Examples are, the time and
calendar, an antivirus program, volume control etc.
to display such a task, simply click its icon in
windows 7.
iii. Start button: The left most button on the taskbar
that the user clicks to display the start menu.
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 c. Desktop
Key start menu items:-
• All programs menu displays a list of programs installed in
the computer. The menu has a small solid arrow. When you
point the arrow, a submenu called a sidekick menu is
displayed.
• My recent documents: List of the last fifteen recently
accessed files. You can open any of the listed files from a
storage device by clicking its name provided that the device
is accessible.
• Control panel : Provides tools used to maintain and make
changes to the computer setup and configuration.

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 c. Desktop
• Customizing the Desktop
• Windows lets the user change desktop appearance,
background and resolution.
• To customize the desktop, right click the desktop to display
properties dialog box.
• Make the appropriate changes by clicking each tab.
• Theme and background To apply a new theme or
wallpaper
• Click the theme/background tab.
• Select theme or wallpaper of your choice.

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 Sub Topic 3. Common Utilities
Sub topic Objectives:
a. Utility programs:
― defines a utility programme.
― lists utility programmes (search utility, file
compression utility, disk defragmenter, antivirus).
― uses search tools to locate files or folders.
― compresses and decompresses a folder.
― defragments a storage medium.
― defines an antivirus programme.
― identifies antivirus programmes.
― uses anti-virus programmes.

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 a Utility programs
• Utility program is a system software designed to maintain a
computer in optimum working conditions.
• Common utility programs
– Search utility : used to locate a file or folder by name located on
any of your hard drives in less than a second.
– File compression utility: reduces the amount of space used by
files stored on that drive.
– Disk defragmenter: consolidates scattered file fragments so that
each file occupies a single, contiguous space on a hard drive.
– Screen saver : Takes over screen and displays graphics after some
period of inactivity. Used primarily for entertainment or security.
prevents CRT from phosphor burn-in (ghosting).

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 a Utility programs
• Anti-virus program is a utility used to prevent, detect, scan
and remove malware, such as computer viruses from
storage devices and memory.
• Examples of the antivirus program include: Kaspersky,
Avast, AVG Anti-virus, Avira, BitDefender, F-Secure, Norton
Anti-virus, McAfee VirusScan, Panda security, Clam Antiv-
virus, ESET nod32. etc.

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 Sub Topic 4. Print Management
Sub topic Objectives:
a. Printing:
― selecting a printer.
― printing a document.

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 a. Printing
• To Print is to produce a hardcopy of a document.
• When you’re using a computer, you might want to keep a
copy of what you can see on the screen. If you have a
printer connected to your computer, or have access to a
network printer, you can create a “hard copy” of your work
• To print a document;
• Click file menu
• Choose option print. This will bring the print dialog box
• Select the printer name i.e. HP Laser jet P1102 series. And
change the necessary details A4 paper size, properties for
advance setting.

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 a. Printing
Practice Activity: Printing
1. Start the WordPad program.
2. Type the Uganda National Anthem and save it as typing.
3. To print the file, select File and the Print. The Print dialog box appears.
4. If it’s not already selected, click on the name of the printer you want
to use.
5. Look at the options. You can print more than one copy, or certain
pages or areas of a document.
6. To print a single copy of the typing document, click Print,
7. Close
NB: Ask for permission from your teacher before printing in the
computer Laboratory.

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 Subsidiary
ICT for
Uganda
Topic 2: Computer Management

Next Topic:
Topic 3: Computer Laboratory Care and
Maintenance
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