𝗜.
𝗙𝗟𝗨𝗜𝗗 𝗠𝗢𝗩𝗘𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗧 & 𝗣𝗥𝗘𝗦𝗦𝗨𝗥𝗘 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗧𝗥𝗢𝗟
1. Pump – Moves liquids through process lines.
2. Compressor – Pressurizes gases for transmission or chemical reactions.
3. Driver (hashtag#Motor or hashtag#Turbine) – Provides mechanical power to
hashtag#pumps and hashtag#compressors.
4. Control Valve – Modulates flow, pressure, or level within process systems.
5. Manual Valve (hashtag#Gate, hashtag#Globe, hashtag#Ball, etc.) – Used for isolation
or manual flow control.
𝗜𝗜. 𝗦𝗘𝗣𝗔𝗥𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 & 𝗣𝗨𝗥𝗜𝗙𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡
6. Three-phase Separator – Separates oil, gas, and water phases.
7. Knockout Drum – Removes entrained liquids from gas.
8. Cyclone Separator – Uses hashtag#centrifugal force to separate particulates.
9. Flash Drum – Separates vapor from liquid after pressure drop.
10. Filter Separator – Removes solids and liquids from gas streams.
𝗜𝗜𝗜. 𝗧𝗛𝗘𝗥𝗠𝗔𝗟 𝗣𝗥𝗢𝗖𝗘𝗦𝗦𝗜𝗡𝗚 & 𝗛𝗘𝗔𝗧
11. Heat Exchanger – Transfers heat between two process streams.
12. Furnace/Heater/Preheater – Heats fluids for processes like hashtag#distillation.
13. Boiler – Generates steam by heating water.
14. Cooling Tower – Cools hot process water using air.
14. Air Cooler– Cools hot streams using (ambient) air.
15. Steam Trap – Removes condensate from steam systems without releasing steam.
𝗜𝗩. 𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗖𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 & 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗦𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗨𝗡𝗜𝗧𝗦
16. Reactor – Converts hashtag#feedstock through chemical reactions (e.g.,
hashtag#FCC reactor).
17. Regenerator – Restores spent hashtag#catalyst activity (e.g., in FCC units).
18. Absorber Column – Removes acidic gases (COx, H₂S, NOx, etc.) using absorbents.
19. Distillation Column – Separates hashtag#hydrocarbon fractions by hashtag#boiling
hashtag#point.
20. Desalter – Removes salt and impurities from crude oil.
𝗩. 𝗦𝗧𝗢𝗥𝗔𝗚𝗘 & 𝗦𝗔𝗙𝗘𝗧𝗬 𝗦𝗬𝗦𝗧𝗘𝗠𝗦
21. Storage Tank – Holds crude, intermediates, or final products.
22. Flare Stack – Burns off excess or waste gases during emergencies.
23. Scrubber – Cleans gases of particulates or harmful compounds.
24. Pressure Relief/Safety Valve (PRV, PSV) – Releases overpressurized line
temporarily/permanently respectively.
25. Slug Catcher – Holds sudden surges of liquid in gas pipelines.
𝗩𝗜. 𝗠𝗘𝗔𝗦𝗨𝗥𝗘𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗧 & 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗧𝗥𝗢𝗟 𝗜𝗡𝗦𝗧𝗥𝗨𝗠𝗘𝗡𝗧𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡
26. Pressure Gauge – Measures fluid pressure in real time.
27. Level Transmitter – Monitors liquid levels in tanks or drums.
28. Temperature Transmitter – Measures and transmits temperature data.
29. Flow Transducer – Converts flow characteristics into readable signals.
30. Instrumentation Panel – Central unit for monitoring and controlling process
variables.
Which of these have you encountered during your