Grade 5 Math Study Guide (Simple Version)

1. Time: 12-Hour and 24-Hour Clock

 12-Hour Clock:
The day is split into two parts: AM and PM.
 AM means from midnight to noon (12:00 midnight to 11:59 morning).
 PM means from noon to midnight (12:00 noon to 11:59 night).
 Example: 7:00 PM means 7 in the evening.
 24-Hour Clock:
Counts hours from 00 to 23, starting at midnight.
 Example: 13:00 means 1:00 in the afternoon (1 PM).
 To change from 12-hour to 24-hour: For PM times, add 12 to the hour.

2. Time Zones
 The world is divided into time zones because the sun shines on different places at different times.
 This means when it is daytime here, it might be nighttime somewhere else.
 Example: When it is 8 AM in the Philippines, it may be 3 AM in London, England.

3. GMDAS (Order of Doing Math)

What is GMDAS?
 GMDAS is a set of rules that tell us the correct order to solve math problems with more than one operation (like addition,
multiplication, parentheses, etc.).
 Following GMDAS makes sure everyone solves a math problem the same way and gets the correct answer.

What Does GMDAS Stand For?

 G — Grouping symbols (Parentheses (), Brackets [], Braces {})
 M — Multiplication
 D — Division
 A — Addition
 S — Subtraction

How to Use GMDAS Step-by-Step

Step 1: Grouping Symbols (G)
 First, solve anything inside grouping symbols like parentheses first.
 If there are multiple sets of parentheses or brackets, solve the innermost ones first and work outward.
 Grouping symbols could be:
 Parentheses: ( )
 Brackets: [ ]
 Braces: { }

Example:
Solve 5+(3×2)5+(3×2)
Solve inside parentheses first: 3×2=63×2=6
 Now add: 5+6=115+6=11

Step 2: Multiplication and Division (M and D)

 Next, solve multiplication and division operations as they appear from left to right.
 They have the same priority. Always do whichever comes first when reading left to right.
Example:
Solve 8÷2×48÷2×4
Read left to right:
 First, 8÷2=48÷2=4
 Then, 4×4=164×4=16

Step 3: Addition and Subtraction (A and S)

 Last, solve addition and subtraction operations as they appear from left to right.
 Like multiplication and division, addition and subtraction have the same priority.
Example:
Solve 10−3+210−3+2
From left to right:
 First, 10−3=710−3=7
 Then, 7+2=97+2=9

Full Example Using GMDAS

Solve: 7+3×(10−4)÷27+3×(10−4)÷2
Step 1 - Grouping symbols:
 (10−4)=6(10−4)=6
Now problem is:
 7+3×6÷27+3×6÷2
Step 2 - Multiplication and Division from left to right:
 3×6=183×6=1818÷2=918÷2=9
Now problem is:
 7+97+9
Step 3 - Addition:
 7+9=167+9=16
 Answer: 16

4. Multiplying Fractions
 Multiply the top numbers (numerators) together, and multiply the bottom numbers (denominators) together.
 Example:
23×45=2×43×5=81532×54=3×52×4=158

5. Solving Problems with Multiplying Fractions

 Break the question into steps and multiply fractions carefully.
 Example: If you read 3443 of your book and then half of that the next day, multiply 34×12=3843×21=83. You read 3883 of the
book the next day.
6. Finding the Area of Shapes

1. Square
Formula:

Area=side×side

Example:
If the side is 4 cm,

Area=4 cm×4 cm=16 cm2

2. Rectangle
Formula:

Area=length×width

Example:
If length = 5 cm and width = 3 cm,

Area=5 cm×3 cm=15 cm2

3. Triangle
Formula:

Area=1/2×base×height

Example:
If base = 6 cm and height = 4 cm,

Area=1/2×6 cm×4 cm=12 cm2

4. Parallelogram
Formula:

Area=base×height

Example:
If base = 7 cm and height = 5 cm,

Area=7 cm×5 cm=35 cm2

5. Trapezoid
Formula:

Area=1/2×(sum of parallel sides)×height

Example:
If parallel sides are 6 cm and 4 cm, and height = 3 cm,

Area=1/2×(6 cm+4 cm)×3 cm=21×10×3=15 cm2

Grade 5 Math Quiz with Definitions, Multiple Choice, and 1. 12-Hour Clock divides the day into two parts. What
True or False are they?
a) Morning and evening
b) AM and PM
c) Day and night
Definitions (Read and choose correct answer)
d) Hours and minutes
 2. 24-Hour Clock counts hours from: c) 14\frac{1}{4}41
a) 1 to 12 d) 13\frac{1}{3}31
b) 12 to 24
c) 00 to 23 14. You read 34\frac{3}{4}43 of a book and then half of
d) 0 to 12 that. How much did you read the second day?
a) 38\frac{3}{8}83
3. Time Zones exist because: b) 12\frac{1}{2}21
a) The Earth takes 24 days to rotate c) 13\frac{1}{3}31
b) The sun shines on different places at different d) 68\frac{6}{8}86
times
c) Latitude changes the sun’s position 15. What is the area of a square with a side of 5 cm?
d) Time changes randomly worldwide a) 10 cm²
b) 25 cm²
4. GMDAS is the order of which math operations? c) 20 cm²
a) Grouping, Multiply, Divide, Add, Subtract d) 15 cm²
b) Group, Measure, Divide, Add, Subtract
c) Graph, Multiply, Divide, Average, Subtract 16. Calculate the area of a triangle with base 8 cm and
d) Grade, Multiply, Divide, Add, Solve height 6 cm.
a) 48 cm²
5. To multiply fractions, you multiply: b) 14 cm²
a) Numerators by numerators and denominators by c) 24 cm²
denominators d) 28 cm²
b) Numerators by denominators
c) Denominators by denominators 17. Find the area of a parallelogram with base 9 cm and
d) Numerators by sum of denominators height 4 cm.
a) 36 cm²
6. The formula for the area of a square is: b) 18 cm²
a) side + side c) 12 cm²
b) side × side d) 25 cm²
c) length × width
d) height × base 18. The area of a trapezoid with parallel sides 7 cm and 5
cm and height 3 cm is:
7. The formula for the area of a triangle is: a) 18 cm²
a) base × height b) 36 cm²
b) 12\frac{1}{2}21 × base × height c) 10 cm²
c) base + height d) 12 cm²
d) 12\frac{1}{2}21 × length × width

True or False (Write T for True and F for False)

Multiple Choice Questions
19. ___ The 12-hour clock counts hours from 00 to 23.
8. What is 7:00 PM in 24-hour format?
a) 19:00 20. ___ Time zones are caused by Earth’s rotation and
b) 07:00 sunlight.
c) 17:00 21. ___ In GMDAS, addition comes before multiplication.
d) 20:00
22. ___ To multiply fractions, multiply the numerators and
9. Convert 13:30 into 12-hour clock time. multiply the denominators.
a) 1:30 PM
b) 1:30 AM 23. ___ The area of a square is found by multiplying side
c) 11:30 AM by side.
d) 3:30 PM
24. ___ The formula for the area of a triangle is base ×
10. If it is 8:00 AM in Manila and London is 8 hours height.
behind, what time is it in London?
a) 12:00 AM 25. ___ The area of a parallelogram is base × height.
b) 5:00 PM 26. ___ The area of a trapezoid is half the sum of parallel
c) 8:00 PM sides times height.
d) 6:00 AM
27. ___ 3:00 PM in 24-hour time is 15:00.
11. Solve: 5+(3×2)5 + (3 \times 2)5+(3×2)
a) 11 28. ___ London is always 8 hours ahead of Manila.
b) 10
c) 16 29. ___ 7 + 3 × 2 equals 20 if you solve left to right
d) 7 without order of operations.

12. Solve 8÷2×48 ÷ 2 × 48÷2×4 30. ___ The sum of fractions means adding numerators
a) 16 and denominators separately.
b) 1 31. ___ You must solve the operation inside parentheses
c) 32 first in GMDAS.
d) 2
32. ___ The area of a rectangle is length plus width.
13. Calculate 23×34\frac{2}{3} \times \frac{3}{4}32×43
a) 57\frac{5}{7}75 33. ___ 14:00 is 2:00 PM in 12-hour clock.
b) 12\frac{1}{2}21
34. ___ Time zones help us know the time difference
between places.
35. ___ Multiply 35\frac{3}{5}53 by 25\frac{2}{5}52 equals
510\frac{5}{10}105.
36. ___ Multiplication and division have the same priority
in GMDAS.
37. ___ Addition and subtraction are done after
multiplication and division in GMDAS.
38. ___ The 24-hour clock only counts numbers up to 12.
39. ___ You convert PM times to 24-hour form by adding
12 to the hour.
40. ___ The area of a trapezoid is base × height.

Answer Key

1. b) AM and PM
2. c) 00 to 23
3. b) The sun shines on different places at different times
4. a) Grouping, Multiply, Divide, Add, Subtract
5. a) Numerators by numerators and denominators by
denominators
6. b) side × side
7. B
8. c) 19:00
9. a) 1:30 PM
10. a) 12:00 AM
11. a) Multiply inside parentheses
12. a) 16
13. B 31. True
14. A 32. False
15. b) 25 cm² 33. True
16. c) 24 cm² 34. True
17. a) 36 cm² 35. False
18. a) 18 cm² 36. True
19. False 37. True
20. True 38. False
21. False 39. True
22. True 40. False
23. True
24. False
25. True
26. True
27. True
28. False
29. True
30. False