14.

PROBABILITY

2025

Q. A card is selected at random from a deck of 52 playing cards. The probability of it being a
red face card is

(a) 3/13 (b) 2/13 (c) ½ (d) 3/26

Q. Assertion (A) : The probability of selecting a number at random from the numbers 1 to
20 is 1.

Reason (R): For any event E, if P(E) = 1, then E is called a sure event.

Q. Two dice are thrown at the same time. Determine the probability that the difference of
the numbers on the two dice is 2.

Q. In a cricket match, a batsman hits the boundary 7 times out of the 42 balls he plays. The
probability of his not hitting a boundary is :

(a) 1/7 (b) 2/7 (c) 5/6 (d) 1/6

Q. Rahul is a lucky charm for his cricket team. He has a jar of cards with numbers from 10
to 74. Before each match, he draws a card from the jar. If the card bears an even number,
the team wins. If the number is even and divisible by 5, they win by a big margin. If the
number is an odd number less than 30, they win by a small margin. And if the number is a
prime number between 50 and 74, they lose.

Answer the following questions if Rahul draws a card today :

(i) What is the probability that Rahul draws a card with an even number ?

(ii) What is the probability that Rahul draws a card with an odd number less than 30?

(iii) (a) What is the probability that Rahul draws a card with a prime number between 50
and 74 ?

OR

(b) What is the probability that Rahul draws a card with an even number divisible
by 5 ?

Q. If all the red face cards are removed from the deck of 52 playing cards, then the
probability of getting a black jack from the remaining cards is :

(a) 2/46 ( b) 2/52 (c) 4 /48 (d) 2/23

 Q. The probability of drawing an even prime number out of numbers from 1 to 30 is :

(a) 1/30 (b) 4/15 (c) 7/30 (d) 0

Q. A die is thrown once. The probability of getting a number which is not a factor of 36,
is :

(a) ½ (b) 2/3 (c) 1/6 (d) 5/6

Q. The probability of guessing the correct answer of a certain test question is x/12 . If
the probability of not guessing the correct answer is 5/6 , then find the value of x.

Q. Three unbiased coins are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability of getting :

(a) Exactly two tails (b) At least one head

(c) at most two heads

Q. If 65% of the population has black eyes, 25% have brown eyes and the remaining
have blue eyes, what is the probability that a person selected at random has :

(a) Blue eyes ?

(b) Brown or black eyes ?

Q. If in a lottery, there are 10 prizes and 30 blanks, then the probability of winning a
prize is :

(a) ¼ (b) 1/3 (c) ¾ (d) 2/3

All face cards of spades are removed from a pack of 52 playing cards and the remaining
pack is shuffled well. A card is then drawn at random from the remaining pack. Find the
probability of getting :

(a) A face card

(b) An ace or a jack

Previous Year Questions 2024

Q1: A bag contains 3 red balls, 5 white balls and 7 black balls. The probability that a ball
drawn from the bag at random will be neither red nor
black is: (1 Mark) (CBSE 2024)
(a) 1/3 (b) 1/5 (c) 7/15 (d) 8/15
Q2: The probability of getting a bad egg in a lot of 400 eggs is 0.045. The number of good
eggs in the lot is: (1 Mark) (CBSE 2024)
(a) 18 (b) 180 (c) 382 (d) 220

Q3: Two dice are thrown together. The probability that they show different numbers is:
(1 Mark) (CBSE 2024)
(a) 1/6 (b) 5/6 (c) 1/3 (d) 2/3

Q4: Assertion (A): In a cricket match, a batsman hits a boundary 9 times out of 45 balls he
[Link] probability that in a given ball, he does not hit the boundary is 4/5.
Reason (R): P(E) + P(not E) = 1. (1 Mark) (CBSE 2024)
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true, and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion(A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true, but reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of assertion (A).
(c) The assertion (A) is true, but the reason (R) is false.
(d) The assertion (A) is false, but the reason (R) is true.

Previous Year Questions 2023

Q5: In a group of 20 people. 5 can't swim. If one person is selected at random, then the
probability that he/she can swim is (1 Mark)
(2023)
(a) ¾ (b) 1/3 (c) 1 (d) ¼

Q6: The probability of the occurrence of an event is denoted by p, and the probability of the
non- occurrence of the event is denoted by q. The relation between p and q is (1 Mark)
(2023)
(a) p +q=1 (b) p= 1, q=l (c) p=q-1 (d) p+p+ 1 = 0

Q7:A girl calculates that the probability of her winning the first prize in a lottery is 0.08. If
6000 tickets are sold, how many tickets has she bought?
(a) 40 (b) 240 (c) 480 (d) 750

Q8: Two dice are thrown together. The probability of getting the difference of numbers on
their upper faces equals 3 is(1 Mark) (CBSE, 2023)
(a) 1/9 (b) 2/9 (c) 1/6 (d) 1/12

Q9: A card is drawn at random from a well-shuffled pack of 52 cards. The probability that
the card drawn is not an ace is (1 Mark) (2023)
(a) 1/13 (b) 9/13 (c) 4/13 (d) 12/13
Q10: DIRECTIONS: In the question, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement
of Reason (R). Choose the correct option out of the (1 Mark) (CBSE 2023)

Assertion (A): The probability that a leap year has 53 sundays is 2/7
Reason (R): The probability that a non-leap year has 53 Sundays is 5/7.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true,
and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true,

and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) The assertion (A) is true, but the Reason (R) is false.
(d) The assertion (A) is false, but the Reason (R) is true.

Q11: A bag contains 5 red balls and n green balls. If the probability of drawing a green ball
is threetimes that of a red ball, then the value of n is (1Mark) (2023)
(a) 18 (b) 15 (c) 10 (d) 20

Q12: A bag contains 4 red, 3 blue and 2 yellow

balls. One ball is drawn at random from the bag.
Find the probability that the drawn ball is (i) red
and (i) yellow. (2 Marks) (2023)

Q13: If a fair coin is tossed twice, find the

probability of getting 'almost one head.' (2Marks) (CBSE 2023)

Previous Year Questions 2022

Q14: The probability of getting two heads when

two fair coins are tossed together is (2022)
(a) 1/3
(b) 1/4
(c) 1/2
(d) 1

Q15: In a single throw of a die. The probability of

getting a composite number is (2022)
(a) 1/3
(b) 1/2
(c) 2/3
(d) 5/6
Q16: The probability that a non-leap year has 53
Wednesdays is (2022)
(a) 1/7
(b) 2/7
(c) 5/7
(d) 6/7
Q17: From the letters of the word "MANGO", a
letter is selected at random. The probability that
the letter is a vowel is (2022)
(a) 1/5
(b) 3/5
(c) 2/5
(d) 4/5

Previous Year Questions 2021

Q18: Case study-based questions are

compulsory. Attempt any 4 sub-parts from the
question. Each sub-part carries 1 mark. (2021)

During summer break, Harish wanted to play with

his friends, but it was too hot outside, so he decided
to play some indoor games with his friends. He
collects 20 identical cards and writes the numbers
1 to 20 on them (one number on one card). He puts
them in a box. He and his friends make a bet on the
chances of drawing various cards out of the box.
Each was given a chance to tell the probability of
picking one card out of the box.
Based on the above, answer the following
questions:
(i) The probability that the number on the card
drawn is an odd prime number is
(a) 3/5
(b) 2/5
(c) 9/20
(d) 7/20

(ii) The probability that the number on the card

drawn is a composite number is
(a) 11/20
(b) 3/5
(c) 4/5
(d) 1/2 [2021, 1 Mark]
(iii) The probability that the number on the card
drawn is a multiple of 3, 6 and 9 Is
(a) 1/20
(b) 1/10
(c) 3/20
(d) O

(iv) The probability that the number on the card

drawn is a multiple of 3 and 7 is
(a) 3/10
(b) 1/10
(c) 0
(d) 2/5 (2021, 1 Mark]

(v) If all cards having odd numbers written onthem are removed from the lie box and then
one card is drawn from the remaining cards, the probability of getting a card having a
prime
number is
(a) 1/20
(b) 1/10
(c) 0
(d) 1/5

Previous Year Questions 2020

Q19: The probability of an event that is sure to

happen is

Q20: If the probability of an event E happening is

0.023, then P(E) =

Q21: A letter of the English alphabet Is chosen at

random. What Is the probability that the letter is
a consonant? (CBSE 2020)

Q22: A die is thrown once. What is the

probability of getting a number less than 3?

Q23: If the probability of winning a game is 0.07,

what is the probability of losing it? (2020)
Q24: A jar contains 18 marbles. Some are red,
and others are yellow. If a marble is drawn at
random from the jar. The probability that it is red
is 2/3. Find the number of yellow marbles in the
jar. (2020)

Q25: A die is thrown twice. What is the probability that

(i)5 will come up at least once, and
(ii) 5 will not come up either time? (2020)

Q26: If a number x is chosen at random from the numbers -3, -2, -1,0, 1, 2, 3. What is the
probability that x²< 4? (2020)

Q27: Two dice are thrown simultaneously. What

is the probability that the product of the
numbers appearing on the top is 1? (CBSE 2020)

Q28: A Group Housing Society has 600 members

who have their houses on the campus and
decided to hold a Tree Plantation Drive on the
occasion of the New Year. Each household was
given the choice of planting saplings of its choice.
The number of different types of saplings planted
were:
(1) Neem - 125
(2) Peepal - 165
(3) Creepers - 50
(4) Fruit plants - 150
(5) Flowering plants - 110
At the opening ceremony, one of the plants is
selected randomly for a prize. After reading the
above passage, answer the following questions.
What is the probability that the selected plant is:
(A) A fruit plant or a flowering plant?
(B) either a Neem plant or a Peepal plant? (CBSE 2020)

Q29: If a number x is chosen at random from the

numbers -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3. What is the
probability that x<4? (CBSE 2020)

Q30: Find the probability that a leap year

selected at random will contain 53 Sundays and
53 Mondays. (CBSE 2020)

Q31: A game in a booth at a Diwali fair involves

using a spinner first. Then, if the spinner stops on
an even number, the player is allowed to pick a
marble from a bag. The spinner and the marbles
in the bag are represented in the figure.
Prizes are given when a black marble is picked.
Shweta plays the game once.

(A) What is the probability that she will be

allowed to pick a marble from the bag?
(B) Suppose she is allowed to pick a marble from
the bag; what is the probability of getting a prize,
when it is given that the bag contains 20 marbles
out of which 6 are black? (CBSE 2020)

Previous Year Questions 2019

Q32: Cards numbered 7 to 40 were put in a box. Poonam selects a card at random. What is
theprobability that Poonam selects a card which is a multiple of 7? (2019)
Q33: A card is drawn at random from a pack of 52
playing cards. Find the probability of drawing a
card that is neither a spade nor a king. (2019)

Q34: A pair of dice is thrown once. Find the

probability of getting
(i) there is an even number on each dice
(ii) a total of 9. (2019)

Q35: A bag contains some balls, of which x are

white, 2x are black, and 3x are red. A ball is
selected at random. What is the probability that
it is (2019)
(i) not red
(ii) white?
Q36: A die is thrown once. Find the probability of
getting a number which
(i) is a prime number
(ii) lies between 2 and 6.

Q37: A game consists of tossing a coin 3 times

and noting the outcome each time. If getting the
same result in all the tosses is a success, find the
probability of losing the game. (2019)

Q38: Cards marked with numbers 5 to 50 (one

number on one card) are placed in a box and
mixed thoroughly. One card is drawn at random
from the box. Find the probability that the
number on the card taken out is
(i) a prime number less than 10,
(ii) a number which is a perfect square. (2019)

Q39: A child has a die whose 6 faces show the

letters given below:

The die is thrown once:

What is the probability of getting (i) A (i) B?
(2019)