PLAYING WITH NUMBERS (CHAPTER-3)
POINTS TO REMEMBER:
1.(a) A factor of a number is an exact divisor of that number.
(b) Every number is a factor of itself. 1 is a factor of every number.
(c) Every factor of a number is less than or equal to the given number.
(d) Every number is a multiple of each of its factors.
(e) Every multiple of a given number is greater than or equal to that number.
(f) Every number is a multiple of itself.
2. (a) The number other than 1, with only factors namely 1 and the number itself, is a prime number.
Numbers that have more than two factors are called composite numbers. Number 1 is neither prime
nor composite.
(b) The number 2 is the smallest prime number and is even. Every prime number other than 2 is
odd.
(c) Two numbers with only 1 as a common factor are called co-prime numbers.
(d) If a number is divisible by another number then it is divisible by each of the factors of that
number.
(e) A number divisible by two co-prime numbers is divisible by their product also.
3.(a) Divisibility by 2,5 and 10 can be seen by just the last digit.
(b) Divisibility by 3 and 9 is checked by finding the sum of all digits.
(c) Divisibility by 4 and 8 is checked by the last 2 and 3 digits respectively.
(d) Divisibility of 11 is checked by comparing the sum of digits at odd and even places.
4.(a) The Highest Common Factor (HCF) of two or more given numbers is the highest of their
common factors.
(b) The Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) of two or more given numbers is the lowest of their
common multiples.
SECTION - A
1. The product of a non-zero whole number and its predecessor is
a) always divisible by 3 b) always divisible by 6
c) never a prime number. d) always divisible by 2.
2. The smallest three-digit number which is divisible by 8,16, 32.
a) 128 b)160 c) 100 d) 192
3. Which of the following statements is true?
a) 2 is the only prime number which is even
b) 0 is a factor of every number.
c) A number for which the sum of all its factors is equal to twice the number is called a
perfect number.
d) HCF of two or more numbers is divisible by their LCM.
e) LCM of two distinct numbers is 28 and their HCF is 8.
4. Which of these represent a multiple of 10?
(i) 37 x 1 x 10
(ii) 1 x 19 x 19
a. only (i) b. only (ii) c. both (i) and (ii) d. neither (i) nor (ii)
5. Two numbers having only 1 as common factor are called
(a) Prime numbers (b) Co- prime numbers (c) Composite numbers (d) Odd numbers
6. Which of the following pair is co-prime
(a) 6 and 8 (b) 18 and 35 (c) 7 and 35 (d) 30 and 415
7. ASSERTION (A): 400 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 5 x5
REASON (R): Every composite number can be expressed as a product of its prime factors.
A) Both assertion and reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.
B) Both assertion and reason are correct, but reason is not the correct explanation for assertion.
C) Assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect.
D) Both assertion and reason are incorrect
8. ASSERTION(A): For two given numbers,18 can be the HCF and 320 can be the LCM of the
two numbers.
REASON(R): HCF of any given number is always a factor of their LCM.
A) Both assertion and reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.
B) Both assertion and reason are correct, but reason is not the correct explanation for assertion.
C) Assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect.
D) Both assertion and reason are incorrect.
SECTION B
10. Using divisibility tests, determine which of the following numbers are divisible by 4?
(a) 4096 (b) 21084
11. Using divisibility test. determine which of the following numbers are divisible by 9?
(a) 672 (b) 5652
12. State true or false-
(i) Every multiple of a number is greater than or equal to the number.
(ii) The number of multiples of a given number is finite.
(iii) Every number is a multiple of itself.
SECTION C
[Link] the HCF of 36 and 84 and 72
14. Find the LCM of 80, 125, 160
15. A merchant has 120 litres of oil of one kind, 180 litres of another kind and 240 litres of a third
kind. He wants to sell the oil by filling the three kinds of oil in tins of equal capacity. What should be
the greatest capacity of such a tin?
16. Three brands A, B and C of biscuits are available in packets of 12, 15 and 21 biscuits respectively.
If a shopkeeper wants to buy an equal number of biscuits, of each brand, what is the minimum
number of packets of each brand he should buy?
17. Test the divisibility of following numbers by 11 (a) 5335 (b) 9020814
18. Find the HCF of 36, 126 and 180.
[Link] the greatest 4-digit number and express it in terms of its prime factors
SECTION -D
20.(i) Write first five multiples of 6
(ii) Write all factors of 18
(iii) Express 44 as sum of two odd prime numbers
25. (i) Which of the following pairs are coprime
(a) (12,15) (b) (8,21) (c) (15, 64)
(ii) Write two numbers, each of which is divisible by 2 but not by 4
(ii) Using factor tree method , find the prime factorisation of 75
26.(i) Find the smallest number which when divided by 25,40,60 leaves a remainder of 7 in each
case.
(ii) HCF of two consecutive number is always:
(a) product of numbers (b) sum of numbers
(c) difference of numbers (d) none of these
(iii) LCM of two consecutive number is always:
(a) product of numbers (b) sum of numbers
(c) difference of numbers (d) none of these
SECTION E
27. A seminar is being conducted by an Educational Organisation, where the participants will be
educators of different subjects. The number of participants of Hindi, English and Mathematics
events are 60,84 and 108 respectively.
A. In each room the same number of participants are to be seated and all of them being of the same
subject, hence the maximum number of participants that can be accommodated in each room are :
(i) 14 (ii) 12 (iii) 18 (iv) 16
B. Find the number of rooms required to accommodate participants of Hindi event?
(i) 5 (ii) 7 (iii) 12 (iv) 9
C. What is the minimum number of rooms required during the event?
(i) 11 (ii) 31 (iii) 41 (iv) 21