Straight Line Graphs: Equations & Examples
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mastones25Straight Line Graphs: Equations & Examples
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Powered by AITo convert the point-slope form y - y₁ = m(x - x₁) to slope-intercept form y = mx + c, expand the formula by distributing the gradient m on the right-hand side, resulting in y = mx - mx₁ + y₁. Then, isolate y by adding mx₁ - y₁ to both sides, leading to y = mx + (y₁ - mx₁). This final equation is in slope-intercept form with c = y₁ - mx₁ .
Starting with the point-slope form y - 2 = 3(x - 1), simplify to y - 2 = 3x - 3. Convert to slope-intercept form: y = 3x - 1. To convert to general form, rearrange to 3x - y - 1 = 0 .
A line perpendicular to a line with a gradient of -1/2 should have a gradient of 2. This is because the product of the gradients of perpendicular lines must be -1. Solving -1/2 × m = -1 gives m = 2 for the perpendicular line .
Two lines are parallel if they have the same gradient, meaning m₁ = m₂. For two lines to be perpendicular, the product of their gradients must equal -1 (m₁ × m₂ = -1). By calculating and comparing the gradients from the line equations, one can determine whether the lines are parallel or perpendicular .
The gradient is undefined because the x-coordinates of both points are the same (3), causing a division by zero in the gradient formula, m = (y₂ - y₁) / (x₂ - x₁). This results in a vertical line, which lacks a defined slope .
The line y = 2x + 1 is steeper than y = 0.5x + 1. This can be determined by comparing their gradients. The gradient of y = 2x + 1 is 2, while the gradient of y = 0.5x + 1 is 0.5. Since 2 > 0.5, the line with the greater gradient is steeper, making y = 2x + 1 the steeper line .
To sketch y = -x + 4, start by identifying the y-intercept at (0,4). Plot this on the graph. The gradient is -1, indicating a downward slope of 1 unit for every 1 unit moved to the right. From (0,4), move 1 unit down and 1 unit right to locate a second point at (1,3). Draw a line through these points to complete the graph. This line represents the equation .
In the equation of a straight line, y = mx + c, the gradient (m) indicates the steepness and direction of the line. A positive gradient means the line slopes upwards, while a negative gradient indicates a downward slope. The y-intercept (c) is the point where the line crosses the y-axis. Together, these components determine the positioning and orientation of the line on a graph; changing either will result in a rotation or translation of the line .
The gradient of a line becomes undefined when the line is vertical, which occurs when the x-values of the two points used to calculate the gradient are equal, resulting in a division by zero. On a graph, this produces a vertical line parallel to the y-axis without a defined slope, implying straight-up or straight-down direction .
To find the y-intercept, set x = 0 in the equation 2x + y = 6, giving y = 6, so the y-intercept is (0,6). To find the x-intercept, set y = 0, yielding 2x = 6, or x = 3, so the x-intercept is (3,0).