HOLIDAY HOMEWORK

SESSION 2025-26
CLASS :XII
SUBJECT : BUSINESS STUDIES

GUIDELINES FOR PROJECT- BUSINESS STUDIES

CBSE PROJECT WORK

PAGE 1

COVER PAGE SHOULD INCLUDE:

TITLE OF THE PROJECT…………………

CLASS…………………SECTION………………… ROLL NUMBER (by CBSE)
…………………… NAME OF THE SCHOOL…………………..

SESSION………………..

SUBMITTED TO-MRS. ETIKA PURI

PAGE-2

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special

gratitude to Mrs Etika Puri, Project
incharge, for giving me this great
opportunity to work on this project and
also for her valuable suggestions,
guidance and her help throughout the
course of the project.
I am highly obliged to her for being the
source of inspiration throughout the
project work. I also express my gratitude
and sincere thanks to all those people
who supported me directly or indirectly in
gathering information related to the
project.

(Name of the Student) Class

XII

PAGE-3
​ CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that………………………of class XII
Commerce completed his/ her Business Studies project
entitled…………under my supervision .She/he has shown
sincerity in completion of this project.
I certify that this project is as per the guidelines issued by
CBSE.
Date-

SIGNATURE of PROJECT
INCHARGE:

EXTERNAL EXAMINER’s
Signature

PAGE 4

INDEX

• Make 4 columns

TITLE PAGE signat

OF ure
NUMB
TOPIC ER
S
Objecti
ve
 Introdu

ction

Very Important to note:

• This project should comprise 35-40 pages. Each
page should be properly numbered.

• Every page of the project should be in the

handwriting of students only.

• Every page should have suitable pictures

related to the topic.

PAGE 5
 1. . Project One: Elements of Business
Environment
1. Changes witnessed over the last
few years on mode of packaging and its
economic impact.
a) The changes in transportation of fruits and
vegetables such as cardboard crates being
used in place of wooden crates, etc. Reasons
for above changes.
b) Milk being supplied in glass bottles,
later in plastic bags and now in tetra-pack
and through vending machines.
c) Plastic furniture [doors and stools]
gaining preference over wooden
furniture.
d) The origin of cardboard and the various
stages of changes and growth.
e) Brown paper bags packing to recycled
paper bags to plastic bags and cloth
bags.
f) Re use of packaging [bottles, jars
and tins] to attract customers for their
products.
 g) The concept of pyramid packaging for

milk.

h) Cost being borne by the

​

consumer/manufacturer.
i) Packaging used as means of
​

advertisements.
2. The reasons behind changes in the
following: Coca – Cola and Fanta in the
seventies to Thumbs up and Campa Cola in
the eighties to Pepsi and Coke in nineties.
The teacher may guide the students to the
times when India sold Coca Cola and Fanta
which were being manufactured in India by
the foreign companies. The students may
be asked to enquire about
a) Reasons of stopping the
manufacturing of the above mentioned
drinks in India THEN.
b) The introduction of Thums up and
Campa cola range.
c) Re entry of Coke and introduction of
Pepsi in the Indian market.
 d) Factors responsible for the change.

e) Other linkages with the above.

f) Leading brands and the company
having the highest market share.
g) Different local brands venturing in the
Indian market. h) The rating of the above
brands in the market. i) The survival and
reasons of failure in competition with the
international brands. j) Other observations
made by the students The teacher may
develop the following on the above lines 3.

2. Changing role of the women in the past 25

years relating to joint families, nuclear
families, women as a bread earner of the
family, changes in the requirement trend of
mixers, washing machines, micro wave and
standard of living.
3. . The changes in the pattern of
import and export of different
Products.
4. The trend in the changing interest rates
and their effect on savings.
5. A study on child labour laws, its
implementation and consequences.
6. The state of ‘anti plastic campaign,’
the law, its effects and implementation.
7. The laws of mining /setting up of
industries, rules and regulations, licences
required for running that business.
8. Social factors affecting acceptance and
rejection of an identified product. (Dish
washer, Atta maker, etc)
9. What has the effect of change in
environment on the types of goods and
services? The students can take examples
like: a) Washing machines, micro waves,
mixers and grinder. b) Need for crèche, day
care centre for young and old. c) Ready to
eat food, eating food outside, and tiffin
centres.
10. Change in the man-machine ratio with
technological advances resulting in change
of cost structure.
11. Effect of changes in technological
environment on the behaviour of
employee.
 PROJECT 2-PRINCIPLES OF
MANAGEMENT. INTRODUCTION-HENRY
FAYOL

uABOUT HENRY FAYOL. (2-3 PAGES)

uABOUT THE ORGANISATION-FOR EXAMPLE

– ANY ONE
uA DEPARTMENTAL STORE.

AN INDUSTRIAL UNIT.

A FAST FOOD OUTLET.

ANY OTHER ORGANISATION APPROVED BY

THE PROJECT INCHARGE.
*Each principle to be explained in the following manner:(14 pages)

DIVISION OF WORK (for each principle,one page)content-

uMEANING.

uAPPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLE.

uQUESTION ASKED

uOBSERVATION.

uCONCLUSION
 uSHOULD INCLUDE ALL THE
PRINCIPLES. SUPPORT WITH PHOTOGRAPH
ON THE UNRULED
PAGE.
Or

They may enquire into the application of

scientific management techniques by F.W.
Taylor in the unit visited. Scientific
techniques of management.
1. Functional foremanship.
2. Standardisation and simplification of work.
​

3. Method study.
​

4. Motion Study.
​

5. Time Study.
​

6. Fatigue Study
7. Differential piece rate system.
​

APPENDIX
 uSUPPORTING DOCUMENTS-CAN BE
QUESTIONNAIRE,
DATA TAKEN FROM ORGANISATION
AND ANY OTHER INFORMATION.

SAMPLE FOR QUESTIONNAIRE

Name of the organization…………………

Name of the employee and
designation…………

1. How many seniors give you orders?

(a)​ on e
(b)two
(c)thre e

2. Are you involved in

decision making? (a)Yes
(b)No
 3. How does the authority move in
your organization? (a)Top to bottom
(b)Bottom to top

4. Do you follow the

spirit of unity? (a)Yes
(b)No

5. Are you satisfied

with the salary? (a)Yes
(b)No

6. Does management discriminate on

any of the following basis?
(a) Caste

(b) Religion

c)Sex

(d)None

7. How is your work

assigned to you? (a)assigned
by anyone
(b)senior assigns on the basis of capabilities
 8. Whose interest is supreme in the
organization? (a)Employee interest
(b)Organization interest

9. Do you think organization is

just and honest? (a)Yes
(b)No

10. Do all the employees work with

same objective? (a)Yes
(b)No

11. The power to give

order is (a)Centralized
(b)Decentralized
12. Do you wish to
leave the organization?
(a)Yes
(b)No

13. Do you ever think of new schemes for the

growth of the organization?
(a)Yes
(b)No

14. Are jobs and duties assigned on the basis of

division of labour?
(a)Yes

(b)No

*Above questionnaire should be on A4 size paper.

*Original record of the employees should be enclosed in the project. (10-12 recorded
responses)

*Above data should be analysed and interpreted in the form of bar diagram, pie charts.

*DOWNLOADED PROJECTS FROM THE WEBSITE

WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED. IT SHOULD BE AN
ORIGINAL RESEARCH STUDY.
*CONCLUSION SHOULD BE OF 1 PAGE
MENTIONING AND DISCUSSING ALL THE
KNOWLEDGE YOU’VE
GAINED FROM THIS PROJECT.

*LAST PAGE OF THE PROJECT WILL BE

BIBLIOGRAPHY.

III. Project Three: Stock Exchange .

The purpose of this project is to teach school students the

values of investing and utilising the stock market. This project also teaches important
lessons about the economy,

mathematics and financial responsibility. The basis of this project is to learn about the stock
market while investing a specified amount of fake money in certain stocks. Students then study
the results and buy and sell as they see fit. This project will also guide the students and
provide them with the supplies necessary to successfully monitor stock market

trends and will teach students how to calculate profit and loss on stock. The project work will
enable the students to: understand the topics like sources of business finance and capital
market understand the concepts used in stock

exchange inculcate the habit of watching business channels, reading business

journals/newspapers and seeking information from their elders. The students are expected
to:

a) ​ Develop a brief report on History of Stock

Exchanges in India. (your country)
b) Prepare a list of at least 25 companies
listed on a Stock Exchange.
c) To make an imaginary portfolio totalling a sum
of Rs. 50,000 equally in any of the 5 companies of
their choice listed above over a period of twenty
working days. The students may be required to report
the prices of the stocks on daily basis and present it
diagrammatically on the graph paper. They will
understand the weekly holidays and the
holidays under the Negotiable Instruments Act. They will
also come across with terms like closing prices, opening
prices, etc. During this period of recording students are
supposed to distinctively record the daily and starting and
closing prices of the week other days under the negotiable
instrument act so that they acquire knowledge about
closing and opening prices. The students may conclude by
identifying the causes in the fluctuations of prices.
Normally it would be related to the front page news of a
business journal, Change of seasons. Festivals. Spread of
epidemic. Strikes and accidents Natural and human
disasters. Political environment. Lack of faith in the
government policies. Impact of changes in government
policies for specific industry. International events. Contract
and treaties at the international scene.
Relations with the neighbouring countries. Crisis in developed countries, etc.

The students are expected to find the value of their investments and accordingly
rearrange their portfolio.

The project work should cover the following aspects;

1. Graphical presentation of the share

prices of different companies on different
dates.
2. Change in market value of shares due to
​

change of seasons, festivals, natural and

human disasters.
3. Change in market value of shares due to change
​

in political environment/ policies of various

countries/crisis in developed countries or any other
reasons
4. Identify the top ten companies out of the 25
selected on the basis of their market value of shares. It
does not matter if they have made profits or losses.
 IV. Project Four: Marketing management

PRODUCTS given by CBSE

1. Adhesives
2. Air conditioners
3. Baby diapers
4. Bathing Soap
5. Bathroom cleaner
6. Bike
7. Blanket
8. Body Spray
9. Bread
10. Breakfast cereal
11. Butter
12. Camera
13. Car
14. Cheese spreads
15. Chocolate
16. Coffee
17. Cosmetology product
18. Crayons
19. Crockery
20. Cutlery
21. Cycle
22. DTH

23. Eraser
24. e-wash
25. Fairness cream
26. Fans
27. Fruit candy
28. Furniture
29. Hair Dye
30. Hair Oil
31. Infant dress
32. Inverter
33. Jams
34. Jeans
35. Jewellery
36. Kurti
37. Ladies bag
38. Ladies footwear
39. Learning Toys
40. Lipstick
41. Microwave oven
42. Mixers
43. Mobile

44. Moisturizer

45. Music player

46. Nail polish
47. Newspaper
48. Noodles
49. Pen
50. Pen drive
51. Pencil
53. Razor
54. Ready Soups
55. Refrigerator
56. RO system
57. Roasted snacks
58. Salt
59. Sarees
60. Sauces/ Ketchup
61. Shampoo
62. Shaving cream
63. Shoe polish
64. Shoes
65. Squashes
66. Suitcase/ airbag
67. Sunglasses
68. Tea
69. Tiffin Wallah
70. Toothpaste
71. Wallet
72. Washing detergent
73. Washing machine
74. Washing powder
75. Water bottle
76. Water storage tank
77. Wipes

Any more as suggested by the teacher. The teacher

must ensure that the identified product should not be
items whose consumption/use is discouraged by the
society and government like alcohol products/pan
masala and tobacco products, etc. Identify one
product/service from the above which the students
may like to manufacture/provide [pre- assumption].
Now the students are required to make a project on
the identified product/service keeping in mind the
following:
1. Why have they selected this product/service?
 2. Find out ‘5’ competitive brands that exist in the
market.
3. What permission and licences would be
required to make the product?
4. What are your competitors Unique
Selling Proposition. [U.S.P.]?
5. Does your product have any range give details?
6. What is the name of your product?

7. Enlist its features.

8. Draw the ‘Label’ of your product.
9. Draw a logo for your product.
10. Draft a tag line.
11. What is the selling price of your competitor’s
product?
(i) Selling price to consumer (ii) Selling price to retailer (iii)

Selling price to wholesaler What is the profit margin in percentage to the Manufacturer.
Wholesaler. Retailer.

12. How will your product be packaged?

13. Which channel of distribution are you going
to use? Give reasons for selection?
14. Decisions related to warehousing, state reasons.
15. What is going to be your selling price? (i) To consumer
(ii) To retailer (iii) To wholesa

16. List 5 ways of promoting your product.

17. Any schemes for (i) The wholesaler (ii) The
retailer
(iii) The consumer

18. What is going to be your ‘U.S.P?

19. What means of transport you will use and why?
20. Draft a social message for your label.
21. What cost effective techniques will you
follow for your product.
22. What cost effective techniques will you follow for
your promotion plan. At this stage the students will
realise the
Importance of the concept of marketing mix and the necessary

decision regarding the four P’s of marketing. Product Place

Price Promotion
On the basis of the work done by the students the project report
should include the following:

1. Type of product /service

identified and the
(consumer/industries) process involve
there in.

2. Brand name and the product.

3. Range of the product.
4. Identification mark or logo.
5. Tagline.
6. Labeling and packaging.
7. Price of the product and basis of price fixation.
8. Selected channels of distribution and reasons
thereof.
9. Decisions related to transportation and
warehousing. State reasons.
10. Promotional techniques used and starting
reasons for deciding the particular technique.
11. Grading and standardization. Presentation
and Submission of Project Report At the end of the
stipulated term, each student will prepare and
submit his/her project report.
As of now topics have been assigned according to your Roll No.s . If you want to change the
topic , get it approved by project incharge.

All the Best.