<br>

CHAPTER XIII.
RULES FOR THE CONDUCT OF TOWN SURVEYS
PRELIMINARIES.
1, Immcdiatcly the survey of a town has been ordercd under soction
S or 17 or both, of the A. P. Survey and Boundaries Act VIII of 1923
and the notification published in the A. P. Govenment Gazatte and
District Gazette, the officer-in-charge should publish in two successive issucs
of the (1) District Gazette, a notification in Survey Form No. 1 under sec
tion 6 (1) separately or combincd with section 18 of the Act, as the case
may be. A copy of this notification should be pasted in the municipal
ofice as well as in the village chavadi or if there is no chavadi, in some
conspicuous place in the villages comprised in the town, beforc commence
ment of survey; the fact of such publication should also
be announced by
beat of tom-tom in village or villages as the case may
be.
2. Before commnencing the survey, the ofice-in-charge should intim
ate the date of commencement of the survey to
Revenue Divisional Officer and the District the Municpal Chairman,
Collector.
3. He should also request the Collector to
Board for the appointmeat of thc Special Officers obtain the sanction of the
Revenue, dated 2nd June 1914, under G. Os. No. 1584,
and No. 2038 M.,dated 28th November
1917, specifying the dates by
which the services of each will
required. probably be
4. The Officer-in-charge should
Oficc, the maps and records obtain from the Central Survey
may have been of all surveys cadastral or topographical which
made of the village included
portant since, if the open field in the town. This is very
surveyed and the survey meets in such vill ages im
have already been cadastrally
all that is necessary to during the requirements of the Revenue Department,
survey in the Town
the Town Survey records Survey is merely to incorporate the
survey as may carrying out only such
be required under rule 109 supplementary
fication describing
the scheduled boundaries infra, Certifed copies of the noti
by the Government of the municipality as approved
and published in the
Planning Scheme map, ficial Gazctte and those of Town
should also be obtained layout plans approved and
reference. from exocutive authority pending approval
of the municipality, for
5. With such
available, the Inspectorcadastral and topographical
company of survey and land rocordsmaps of the town as aro
with thc municipal
subordinate, whom or District Surveyor
Tquested to depute the Chairman 1n
for thepurpose, should inspect should bc
the towa and mark
in tho
<br>

Ch. XIII) 179

CONDUCT OF ToWN-SURVEYS
maps thc boundarics of thc Municipality, and of the vards or divisions into,
which it is divided.
6. From these maps a tracing or an enlargement, whcrenecessary,
should bc preparcd showing the Municipal and 1Ward boundaries:andralsou
the boundaries of the cadastrally surveyed fields in the villages or;POrtions
of villags included within the town. The boundaries as perlayoutplann
approved and pending approval should be marked separatcly in this sketch ii
a distinguishing manner.
29 012 bi9i1
7. The theodolite stations and field stoncs fixed during the, cadastral;r
survey should bec noted in the tracing.
8. The blocks into which the town should
be divided for surveyi0
will be called the."index
should then be marked in the tracing. This tracing
map".
9. The size of a blcok should
be about 10 acres (4 hetarës)in'
as strcets and bazaars, 40 acres (16 hectafcs) inU
crovded localities such as and compounds and 160 acres (6444
garden
less crowded localities such as garden and compounds and 160
locatities such
hectares) in Iess crowded more open localities such as paddy ficldaî
acres (64 hectares) jn cultivated and
and waste lands.
bolck should as far as possible, be made egia"o
10. The sides of the occupy more than one sheet,'Si2e
mapped may not
so that each block when
mm. x 594 mm.)
30 inches by 27 inches (841 rivers,
boundaries should follow streets, roads,
11. The block should run along field bound
where they
etc., cKcept in open localities
aries. past should,
khandam boundaries, traversed ia the theodolite
12. Village and so that the amount of
as block boundaries
as rule, be adopted survey may be reduced to a minimum.
the town
work required for a rough estimate should boui
block pro cceds,
13. As the marking of demarcation. In town surveys, ficldid
rcquired for defiacd by'».
prepared of the stones to mark the bonndaries of properties
stones will not be requircd
masonry walls. three "iv
should be of the
granitc, They
14, The stones should be of
kinds as described below: (22,5
3 fect (90 cms.) long by 9 inches squarc, v
Theodolite station -Size long by 8 inches (20 cms.)
(45 cms.)
centimetres) square, on 18 inchesarrow should be deeply cut. The point of
on which broad of the stone and
should
with a fiat top the top
cut in the middle of broad arrow should
the arrow should be The lines forming the
serve as a plmmet hole.
<br>

[Ch.
180
A.P. SURVEY, DEPT. RULES) XII
2 inchcs (G c..) long and 1/2 inch (ono centimctre)
cach be not less than
deep. bound.
NB-Stoncs of larger size sliould bo uscd for marking tho
open blocks'and of
those the smaller size
aries of the Municpality and of
used in strccts.
One foot (30 cms) long by 6 inches (1s
Chain Survey Stones.-Size
on the top and an arrow mark on
cms) squarc with a St. Gcorge's Cröss
the sidc.
square
Ficld Stones,- Size 2 feet (60 cms) long by 6 inches (15 cms)
with thc arrow cut on one side.r
When theso aro used to demarcate sub-dívisions letter 's° should
be cut on
them at the time of planting. "
.gotie
When a Rock other than laterite is found conveniently situated, it
should be used as a theodolite station or field demarcation point, the
squares of the prescribed dimensions: being cut on it tò reprsent
th top
surface of the Survey Stone and the other. required narks: also cut át thei3
appropriate places.
Where the point at which a theodolite station chain survey Station or
field stone is to be planted falls on Roads, Streets or Lanes laid in cement,
concrete, it is onough, if the appropriate marks and symbols are'cut on the
concrete surface, as in the case of rock marks,;with the permission,of the
authorities concerned,
15. The rules in Chapter I should, as far as posiblé, be followed:
regard to the supply of stones required for demarcation.
[Link] Surveyors employed on' town surveys should be specially "
selected men of experiencé and tried ability ordinarily not below
the grade'
of Deputy Surveyor.
Boundary demarcation
17. Having for his guidance
1
the index map on which the block
boundaries are slhown the surveyor will demarcate
fxing theodolite stations at points where the boundaries of blocks
three or more streets or roads meet
and at important bends on block boundaries.
18. As the theodolite survey
will not afford suficient data of the exterior boundaries of blocks
for plotting the fieldsin the interior
additional points should be fixed
along roads and streets
thereot,
on straight lines betwecn within the blocks ri
two theodolite stations.
19. The additional points
ilett:
should bemarked with chain ssurvey
planted in roads, streets and lanes. care stones.
When such stones have to be
be taken to levy thom at loast 2 or 3 should
inches (S to 8 contimnetres)
surface of the ground so as not to below the
hindor tho trafic,
<br>

'Ch. XII) CONDUCT OF TOwN SURVEYS

btu arc should bc taken to sco
that the maximum number
points and a few number of thcodolito stations aro sclccted to additional
rcducc the
2theodolite work to the absolute minimúm,
20. Wherc it is observed that any strcot, lanc, ctc., cannot bc fixcd
in position, otherwise than by a theodolite travcrsc, thcodolite stations
should also bc planted along such streets, lanes, ctc.
io 3l0 21:Ii 'case of 10 acre (4 hectarcs) blocks, the thcodolite stations
'shoild not bc morc'than 7 chains a part.
22. In mediun and open blocks of 40 and 160 acres (16 and 64
"hectares rcspectively' thcodolitc stations may be as far apart as possible,
provided ench station is clearly visiblé from the adjoin'ng station on
cither sidc.
23. Where block boundaries run' along roads or streets, the station
stones must be'planted at the sidcs of the roads or strccts, not in the middle.
They should' be planted alternatively on thc right and left sides of
the road so that the chain lines may, for facility of measurement, traverse
the road, dhagonally; thus if station No. 2. is on thc right side of the road
station Nos. 1 and 3 will be on the left side. These stones should be buried
two or three inches (5 or centimtres) below the surface of the ground so
6

as not to interfere with

[Link]
ti:24.. In,open localities, however, the stones should be fixed so as to
[Link]:abovc the ground for one-third of their length.
25. A new station should bc fixed at the point where a block boun
dary crosses a yillage orKhandanjboundary already traversed if there is no
theodolite station at the point already. When the new traverse work con
nected to the old Khandam boundaries or when it is not possible to refix
new traverse
the old Khandam stones properly and obscrve angles from the
stones toithe Khandam stones; it is .not necessary to plant stations at the
crossing point.
-26.- The distance between' thcodolite stations should be carefully
a
measured with the-hundred feet (twenty metres) chain and rccorded in
Lfield book.
27. The position of each thcodolite and chain survey station embed
ded'in a road or street should' be independently determined by measuringa
with thc tape and recording to the ncarest inch (ncarest centimetro) in
Lficld book, the tie lincs to it from neighbouring permancat objects.
bin 2. 28. From thc index map, a sketch map should bo prepared for each
ward roughly to scalo 16 inchesl mile (1 m,m, S,000 m,m.), The sketch
map should show the block boundaries, distinguishing old tlheodolite stations
a
from the new. The symbol for new thcodolite stations will be triangle,
<br>

DEPT. RULES [Ch, XIII

A.P. SURVEY
the cadastral survcry maps should
symbol shown in
whilg for old oncs the
adoptcd, tb. show in approximato
positions
map should also
29. Thc sketch rivers, rail-roads, ctc.
temples, tanks,
important buildings, consccutively
co
numbcred
in cach ward should be
noitrta [Link] blocks corner.
mencing from the north-west names af
upper part of
the sketch should be entered the
31.:,,On the adjoining
znoilr and town and the letter of the ward. The letter of the,
the districts
sketch.
wards should also be shown in the hand
surveyor should sign the sketch in the lower right demarca
.oldirzo dates of commencement and completion of
nSorncr and çnter, the
tion.
will begin as soon
as possible
rtoitctz [Link] Survey with theodolite
passed by a Sub
[Link];demarç[Link] the blocks bas been inspccted and
or Officer (Inspector of Survey and
section Oficer (Distsict Surveyory Section
Land, Reeords),r
Traverse Survey
lb9ind :sei 1luda z: or Section Officer
(District Surveyor)
oz
[Link] Sub-section Officer to the Commissiones
(Iaspector of Survey and Land Records) will give notice
each day of the be surveyed the next day and the conmissioner
streets to
wii döse ihese trafic under section 172 of the Andhr Pradesh
streets to
(Andhra area) District Municipalities Act, 1920, (Act V of 1920) while
-measurement is in progress,
or ii 1s iFöhis guidance. Theodolite Surveyor should be furnished
Witho 32797N
map
and
o9V:1 ), Copy, of the sketch
vrl) ii e1(ii)y acopy of the field book referred to rule 27, showing only the
line measurements.
vlltyi:36:-1 The,outer boundary of the town should be surveyed first. The
:surveyshould start from and closed on cld traverse work, The angles and
distances should be entered in their proper placcs in the traverse field
books.
-ib9dn9
ohoundaries
2ni:t37, inThe should next be surveyed and
then the block
boundaries the orders of the numbers of the blocks as a rule.
38: Süch of the boundaries as haye been surveyed in the past should
,not be:surycyed again but the new traverses should,be connected with the old
OneS, whorever possible.

anoilsJ:39:91Trigonometrical stations, if any within the town, should. bo,con

.nected [Link] traverse work,
<br>

'Ch. xiii) CÔNDCT ÔF TOWN sURVEYs

.183
[Link] town and ward boundarics should be surveycd by
Scction
OMcer (Inspector of Survey and Land Records) or
Sub-section OMcers
(District Surveyor), This work should bc cxecutcd with the samo
prccision
and carc as in the case of main circuits in cadastral survevs. The survey
of the block boundaries may . be cntrusted to cxperienced Deputy
Surveyors.
41,Each Theodolite Surveyor will be given, six Chainman and
will be provided with a good theodolite with a least count of 30 inches or 20
inch cs one hundered .feet 30, metrcs), chain, 1 Gunter's (20 metres)
chain, four flags, one hundred fcet (20 metres) steel tap and a spring
balance.
42. He should carefully testihis chain, daily with the steel tape and
correct it if necessary. At every station he should observe angles in accord
ance with the instructions in Rule 7, Chapter III. The observations should
be made as far as possible to arrows; not to lag-staves, SO that greater prec
ision in observation may be secured.
43. After angles have been taken at a station the distances betwcen
that and the next station should be carefully measured. The surveyor
must himself sec that the chain follows the straight line between the two
stations.
44. All the entries in the traverse field book must be in ink, a
correction is made, the original entry must be scored through, not erased'and
f
should be distinctly visible.
i

45. Observations for azimuth should be taken up by the Officer

in-charge or by Section Officer (Inspector of Survey and Land Records) at
intervals of 40 stations. on the: town and ward boundaries. But
this will not be necessary where the available cadastral survey traverses are
sufficient for checking the accuracy of the town survey traverses.
Traverse computation.
[Link] computation should be done in general, in accordance
with the instructions contained in Chapter 1V, with this difference that no
main circuit lincs from G.T.S. to G.T.S. need be taken.
47. The town boundary and ward traverses should be dealt with in
the same manner as illage boundary traverses and the block traverses as
khandam traverses in ordinary cadastral surveys, only the limit of
error in distances in the former is 1 in 2,000 and in the latter 1
in 1,000.
48. Correction for convergency of meridian need be applied only
l similar corroctions hayc becn applicd in the connected old traverse work.
49, Co-ordinates from the origin of the traverse should be computed
for cach G.T. station mentioned in rule 39 supra.
<br>

184 -A.P. SURVEY DEPT. RULES [Ch. XII

Plotting. a, tnt #1
.t:'raversc conta:
50. The traverse of cach block together with the GT,Station
ined in it should be plotted in a separate sheet, the scale of plot
dependine
on the arca thus
33 feot' (1 m
m

10 acre (4 Hectares) or close block, scale 1"

500 m.m.).
Dnà 40-acre (16 Hectares) or medium block, scal'1"66 feet (1 m.m.
O1.000
m.m. ),
if it.
160-acre (64 Hectares)or opcn block, scale 1"=132 feet (1
o m.m,

"2;000 m.m.),
51. The plot should be in duplicate one sheet of drawing paper 170
1gtams of size: 30 inches by 27 inches (841 m.m, X 594 m.m.) The
Section or rectangle within the sheet will measure 24 inches by 25 inches
(5000 m.m. by 5000 m.m) and will be divided into 16 (25) squares. The
-side of each square will measure 200 feet (2,50,000 m.m.) on the scale of
1"=33' (1 m.m.S00 m.m,) 400 feet 5,00,000 m.m.) on the scale of 1''=66'
(1 m.m. = 1,000 m,m.) and 800 feet (1,00,000 m,m.) .on, the scale of
1".=132' (1 m,m. 2,000 m.m.) The interior chain survey stones should
also be shown in the traverse plot.
52. A triplicate copy of the plot should be pricked from the original
or
theduplicate on 112 grams drawing paper to serve as, the basis for the
demarcation sketch referred to in rule 33 ,:
[Link]: 10
53. The traverse of each ward should bplottedon the scale 40
inchesa mile (1 m.m=2,000 m.m.) and that of the town on scale 16
inches a
mile (1 m.m. =$,000 m.m.)
54. These plots should be on full sheets of 170:grams drawing paper
of size [Link] by 27 inches (841 m,m, by.1189 m; m). The section ior
rectangle will measure about 30-inches by 23 inches (1,000 m,m, by. 750-m,m.)
and will be divided into 12 squares. The side of each. square will measuro
1,000 feet (5,00,000 m.m.) on sale 40 inchs to a mile (1 m.m-=2,000
m.m.)
and 2,[Link] (10,00,000 m.m.) on scale 16" =1 mile (1 m.m, =5,000 m-m)»
i 25. Thc block boundaries should be plotted' in
the tráversé plót O

cach ward and the ward boundaries in the ttaverse plöt

of thé toWn.
J2* 56. The Head Draughtsman should carefully
examin the Squari3
'of cach sheet and also the scale drawn upon thc man: ibat
57. The traverse plotting should bo cxamined and the, stations inked
in blue. The traverse lines should be drawn in penci.