■ General Mathematics 11 Reviewer
Functions & Operations
- Function: each x → only one y
- Operations: (f+g)(x) = f(x)+g(x); (f-g)(x) = f(x)-g(x); (f·g)(x) = f(x)g(x); (f/g)(x) = f(x)/g(x), g(x)≠0; (f■g)(x)
= f(g(x))
- Inverse Function: swap x & y, solve for y.
Sample: f(x)=2x+3 → inverse: y=(x-3)/2
Rational Functions
- Vertical Asymptote: denominator = 0
- Horizontal Asymptote: num < denom → y=0; num=denom → ratio of coefficients; num > denom →
oblique.
Sample: f(x) = (2x²+1)/(x²+3) → HA: y=2
Exponential & Logarithmic
- y=a^x ↔ x=log_a(y)
- Laws: log_a(xy)=log_a x + log_a y; log_a(x/y)=log_a x - log_a y; log_a(x^n)=n log_a x; log_a x =
log_b x / log_b a
Sample: log■ 8 = 3 since 2³=8
Business Math
- Simple Interest: I=Prt; F=P+I
- Compound Interest: F=P(1+r/m)^(mt)
Sample: P=5000, r=5% yearly, t=2 yrs
F=5000(1+0.05)^2=5512.50
Sequences
- Arithmetic: a_n=a■+(n-1)d; S_n=n/2(a■+a_n)
Sample: a■=3, d=2, a■=11, S■=35
- Geometric: a_n=a■ r^(n-1); S_n=a■(1-r^n)/(1-r); S∞=a■/(1-r)
Sample: a■=2, r=3, a■=54
Logic
- Negation: ~p
- Conjunction (p∧q): true if both true
- Disjunction (p∨q): true if at least one true
- Conditional (p→q): false only if p=T, q=F
- Biconditional (p↔q): true if same value
Sample: If p: "It rains", q: "Ground wet" → p→q true unless rain & ground not wet