Additive type Purpose Examples Benefits Risks
Preservative Extend shelf life Sodium benzoate Prevent food May cause allergic
Prevent spoilage and Nitrates spoilage and reactions in
bacteria growth sensitive
individuals.
Sweeteners Replace sugar and Aspartame and Lower calorie May cause
provide sweetness Stevia intake, safe for digestive issue
diabetics potential long term
health concerns.
Flavor Enhancers Enhance or Mono sodium Enhance taste Can trigger head
intensify flavors glutamate and aches or other react
Natural flavors also ions in some
people.
Colorants Add or restore Carmine and Beta- Improve Can cause allergic
color carotene appearance reactions,
of food hyperactivity in
children
Emulsifiers Help mix Lecithin and Improve texture, Can cause allergic
ingredients that Polysorbate 80 prevent separation reactions in
don’t naturally sensitive
combine individuals.
Thickening Agent Improve Gelatin and Improve texture Can cause
texture ,creates Guar gum and stability digestive
consistency discomfort in large
amounts
Food Additives