10.
अमेरिका-यूरोपीय संघ (ईयू) संबंधों में पुनः समायोजन के भारत पर प्रभाव का
विश्लेषण कीजिए। भारत-ईयू साझेदारी के लिए इसमें क्या संभावनाएँ हैं? (उत्तर
150 शब्दों में लिखिए)
Analyse the impact of readjustments in US-European Union (EU) relations on India. What
potential does it hold for India-EU partnership? (Answer in 150 words) 10
Ans:
A shifting stand of the United States over issues like Ukraine, NATO, trade tariffs etc has
increased its gap with the European Union. The readjustments showcase the breaking down of
old relations.
Impact of readjustments in US-European Union (EU) relations on India:
● The US has been changing its perspective regarding multilateralism. The US
President claimed the EU was formed to hurt American interests.
○ India also faces challenges given US threats to other multilateral groups like
BRICS.
● The Ukrainian issue has severely damaged US-Europe relations as US sidelined
Europe in its initiation of peace talks over Ukraine.
○ US aligned with Russia twice at the UN, signalling a shift away from Europe.
○ India will be impacted in terms of finding a balance between the US-EU and
crafting its own strategy over the Ukraine crisis.
● Europe sees the US threatening, indirectly or even directly, to cut off NATO security
guarantees, in case of a Russian invasion.
○ US opposed NATO membership for Ukraine.
○ India's strategic and defence alliances with the US can come under pressure for
long-term reliability.
● The EU and US represent almost 30% of global trade in goods and services and 43%
of global GDP.
○ Recently, US initiated high tariffs on global imports; impacting the largest trade
partner like EU.
○ India has also been threatened with high tariffs.
● Europeans are trying to fulfill development aid where USAID has been cut.
○ particularly in terms of global environmental protection.
○ U.S. withdrawal from the post-Kyoto treaties, such as Paris Agreement will
impact India's goal of climate justice.
● EU nations claim foreign interference in national elections from US.
○ Creates a partnership vacuum and opportunities for building strong
partnerships with major partners like India.
Potential it holds for India-EU partnership:
● EU is India's largest trading partner with about 6,000 EU companies in India and
bilateral trade reaching $135 billion in 2022-23.
○ The EU and India, both among the world’s five largest economies, have the
opportunity to deepen economic ties.
● In 2004, India and the EU formally established a strategic partnership, further
strengthened by the launch of free trade talks in 2007.
○ FTA talk process stalled in 2014, restarted in 2022 and now offers a reasonable
chance of delivering a bilateral free-trade agreement.
● EU, facing potential tariffs from the US, views India as a critical partner in diversifying
its trade ties.
○ India also seeking to diversify its trade ties.
● India-EU brought closer by the geopolitical situation and their common pursuit of
strategic autonomy and global security.
○ This like-minded outlook will help India manage the geopolitical complexities
particularly of the Indo-Pacific region.
● Help both India and EU to reconstruct a rules-based global order for the new
multipolar world.
○ important for the multilateral particularly climate regimes, where EU and Indian
positions converge.
■ India's critical role in achieving net-zero carbon objectives.
● India has showcased its growing international role with the launch of the India-Middle
East-Europe Economic Corridor.
○ Potential for more inter-regional engagement in the future.
There is a significant shift in the post-war international order built under the leadership of the
U.S. and EU. It can bring India-EU closer on strategic partnerships, global challenges, security
and defence.