Exponentials and logarithms - Exponential equations PhysicsAndMathsTutor.
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1. Rabbits were introduced onto an island. The number of rabbits, , years after they were
introduced is modelled by the equation
1
= 80e , 0
(a) Write down the number of rabbits that were introduced to the island.
(1)
(b) Find the number of years it would take for the number of rabbits to first exceed 1000.
(2)
d
(c) Find .
d
(2)
d
(d) Find when 50.
d
(3)
(Total 8 marks)
2. The function f is defined by
2 –8
f( ) 1 – , 4, 2
( 4) ( – 2)( 4)
–3
(a) Show that f( )
–2
(5)
Edexcel 1
Exponentials and logarithms - Exponential equations [Link]
The function g is defined by
ex 3
( ) x
, , 1n 2
e 2
e
(b) Differentiate g( ) to show that g ( ) ,
(e – 2) 2
(3)
(c) Find the exact values of x for which g ( ) = 1
(4)
(Total 12 marks)
3. The point lies on the curve with equation
= 4e2 +1
.
The -coordinate of is 8.
(a) Find, in terms of ln 2, the -coordinate of
(2)
(b) Find the equation of the tangent to the curve at the point in the form = + , where
and are exact constants to be found.
(4)
(Total 6 marks)
4. The amount of a certain type of drug in the bloodstream hours after it has been taken is given
by the formula
1
e 8 ,
where is the amount of the drug in the bloodstream in milligrams and is the dose given in
milligrams.
A dose of 10 mg of the drug is given.
Edexcel 2
Exponentials and logarithms - Exponential equations [Link]
(a) Find the amount of the drug in the bloodstream 5 hours after the dose is given.
Give your answer in mg to 3 decimal places.
(2)
A second dose of 10 mg is given after 5 hours.
(b) Show that the amount of the drug in the bloodstream 1 hour after the second dose is
13.549 mg to 3 decimal places.
(2)
No more doses of the drug are given. At time hours after the second dose is given, the amount
of the drug in the bloodstream is 3 mg.
(c) Find the value of .
(3)
(Total 7 marks)
5. A heated metal ball is dropped into a liquid. As the ball cools, its temperature, °C,
minutes after it enters the liquid, is given by
400 e–0.05 + 25, 0.
(a) Find the temperature of the ball as it enters the liquid.
(1)
(b) Find the value of for which 300, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.
(4)
(c) Find the rate at which the temperature of the ball is decreasing at the instant when 50.
Give your answer in °C per minute to 3 significant figures.
(3)
(d) From the equation for temperature in terms of , given above, explain why the
temperature of the ball can never fall to 20 °C.
(1)
(Total 9 marks)
Edexcel 3
Exponentials and logarithms - Exponential equations [Link]
6. A particular species of orchid is being studied. The population at time years after the study
started is assumed to be
2800 e 0.2
= , where is a constant.
1 e 0.2
Given that there were 300 orchids when the study started,
(a) show that = 0.12,
(3)
(b) use the equation with = 0.12 to predict the number of years before the population of
orchids reaches 1850.
(4)
336
(c) Show that = 0.2
.
0.12 e
(1)
(d) Hence show that the population cannot exceed 2800.
(2)
(Total 10 marks)
7. Find, giving your answer to 3 significant figures where appropriate, the value of for which
(a) 3 = 5,
(3)
(b) log2 (2 + 1) – log2 = 2,
(4)
(c) ln sin = –ln sec , in the interval 0 < < 90°.
(3)
(Total 10 marks)
Edexcel 4
Exponentials and logarithms - Exponential equations [Link]
8. Every £1 of money invested in a savings scheme continuously gains interest at a rate of 4% per
year. Hence, after years, the total value of an initial £1 investment is £ , where
= 1.04 .
(a) Sketch the graph of = 1.04 , 0.
(2)
(b) Calculate, to the nearest £, the total value of an initial £800 investment after 10 years.
(2)
(c) Use logarithms to find the number of years it takes to double the total value of any initial
investment.
(3)
(Total 7 marks)
9. Find the exact solutions of
(i) e2 +3
= 6,
(3)
(ii) ln (3 + 2) = 4.
(3)
(Total 6 marks)
Edexcel 5