Pest Notes, Publication 7466

Revised October 2019

Roses: Insects and Mites

Integrated Pest Management for Home Gardeners and Landscape Professionals

R oses are among the most intensively managed plants in

many home gardens, parks, and landscapes. For some gar-
deners, this intensive management may include the application
of pesticides to manage insects and mites. Other enthusiasts
can maintain vigorous plants and produce high quality blooms
with little or no use of insecticides.
The keys to avoiding pest problems are careful selection of
varieties (which vary significantly in susceptibility to insect and
disease problems), good attention to appropriate cultural prac-
tices, and occasional handpicking or water sprays to remove
pests. Regularly monitor for pests and keep an eye out for rising
populations of the natural enemies that often rapidly reduce
the numbers of aphids, mites, and other pests.
For management of diseases see Pest Notes: Roses: Diseases and
Abiotic Disorders, and for general tips on cultural practices and
weed control, see Pest Notes: Roses: Cultural Practices and Weed
Control.
Figure 1. Rose aphids infesting
IDENTIFICATION AND blossom buds.
BIOLOGY
little damage to plants, although some Lady beetles often increase in num-
Aphids gardeners may be concerned by their ber when aphid populations are high.
very presence. Moderate to high pop- The convergent lady beetle is sold at
Aphids are the most common insect
ulations can secrete copious amounts nurseries for release against aphids
pests on roses. Species include the rose
of honeydew, resulting in the growth and may provide limited control when
aphid, Macrosiphum rosae, the potato
of sooty mold, which blackens leaves. properly released. For more informa-
aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, and
Very high numbers of aphids may dis- tion on how to release them see UC
the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, among
tort or kill buds or reduce flower size. IPM’s convergent lady beetle page in
others.
the Natural Enemies Gallery at ipm.
In most areas of California aphids are [Link]/PMG/NE/convergent_lady_
Aphids (Figure 1) favor rapidly grow-
only considered a major problem for [Link].
ing tissue such as buds and shoots.
about 6 weeks in spring and early sum-
Low to moderate levels of aphids do
mer before high summer temperatures Releasing green lacewings against the
reduce their numbers. rose aphid has not been shown to offer
significant control in research trials. A
Aphids have many natural enemies naturally occurring fungal disease may
Authors: including parasitic wasps, lady bee- control aphids when conditions are wet
tles, soldier beetles, and syrphid flies
Mary Louise Flint, Extension or humid.
(see the section on Common Natural
Entomologist Emerita, Entomology, UC
Enemies) that may rapidly reduce In many landscape situations, knock-
Davis. increasing populations. Ants pro- ing aphids off with a forceful stream or
John F. Karlik, UC Cooperative tect aphids from natural enemies, so spray of water early in the day is all that
Extension, Kern County. keeping them out of bushes with sticky is needed to supplement natural con-
barriers, baits, or traps may improve trol. Insecticidal soaps or horticultural
biological control.
 Pest Notes: Roses: Insects and Mites Page 2 of 7

oils (including neem oil) can also be

used to suppress aphids with only
moderate impact on natural enemies.
Soil-applied systemic insecticides,
such as the neonicotinoid imidaclo-
prid, are effective but are not usually
necessary and may harm pollinators
and natural enemies. Use of broadly
toxic insecticides is not warranted in
most gardens and landscapes. For Figure 2. Rose leaves damaged by
Figure 3. Adult rose leafhopper.
twospotted mite.
more information on aphids see Pest
Notes: Aphids.
many insecticide labels, most insec-
Insects and Mites that Cause ticides are not very effective against
them and can actually trigger mite
Leaves to Stipple or Yellow flare-ups as mentioned above. For
Spider mites, including twospotted more information about spider mites,
spider mite, Pacific spider mite, and see Pest Notes: Spider Mites.
strawberry spider mite, all in the
Tetranychus genus, feed on foliage, Rose leafhopper, Edwardsiana rosae
causing leaves to become stippled or (Figure 3), causes stippling damage
bleached, and may cause leaves to dry that appears larger than mite stippling.
up and fall (Figure 2). Some species Along with stippling, cast skins and
produce webbing while others do not. the absence of webbing on the un-
Spider mites are tiny (about the size of derside of leaves are good indications
the period at the end of this sentence) that these leafhoppers are present.
and are best seen with a magnifier. Leafhoppers are not common prob-
lems in most areas; be sure to check for
Mites usually appear first on the the insects themselves if suspect stip- Figures 4 and 5. Brown scars from
undersides of leaves but may move pling is observed. Plants can tolerate western flower thrips feeding on
to the upper surfaces as populations moderate stippling. Knock leafhoppers rose bud sepals. (inset) Adult
increase. High numbers are usually off with a water spray or use an insecti- western flower thrips.
associated with dry, dusty conditions. cidal soap on nymphs if an infestation
Spider mite numbers may greatly is severe. in curled leaves, and under the calyxes
increase if their many natural enemies of flowers. Chilli thrips has a broad
are killed by broad-spectrum insec- Insects that Distort or Discolor host range and, because of its habit of
ticides applied against other pests. Blossoms attacking leaves as well as flowers, has
For instance, applications of carbaryl the potential to cause much more seri-
Thrips. Western flower thrips,
or pyrethroid insecticides (such as ous damage than other thrips species.
Frankliniella occidentalis, and madro-
cyfluthrin and permethrin) to control
ne thrips, Thrips madroni, primarily Thrips problems are more likely to be
insect pests are frequently followed by
cause injury to rose flowers, causing severe where many rose plants grown
an increase in mite populations.
blossom petals to streak with brown or close together provide a continuously
Conserving natural enemies, providing become distorted (Figure 4). Damage blooming habitat. Fragrant, light-col-
sufficient irrigation, and reducing dust may be severe if flowers are attacked ored, and white roses are most often
may all help control mites. Overhead early at the bud stage (Figure 5). The attacked and can be severely dam-
irrigation or periodic washing of leaves tiny yellow or black thrips insects can aged. Cultivars with sepals that remain
with water can be very effective in be found within the blossoms. tightly wrapped around the bud
reducing mite numbers. until blooms open have fewer thrips
In August 2015, a new species of thrips,
problems.
If chemical treatment is necessary, the chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis,
spider mites can be controlled with was found infesting roses in southern In most home garden and landscape
insecticidal soap or horticultural oil, California. This species, which is native situations, thrips can be tolerated.
and sprays should be targeted to en- to Asia and about ¼ the size of western Frequent clipping and prompt dispos-
sure coverage of the undersides of the flower thrips, can severely distort plant al of spent blooms may reduce thrips
leaves. growth. This species may be found on problems. Control with insecticides
leaves, leaf litter, on the axils of leaves, is difficult because products are most
Although spider mites may be listed on
 Pest Notes: Roses: Insects and Mites Page 3 of 7

effective on developing thrips, which be helpful if applied to the soil in early in California. If you believe you have
usually feed deep within buds or to midsummer. found a Japanese beetle in your
flowers where pesticide applications landscape, contact the California
cannot reach. Hoplia beetle, Hoplia callipyge (Figure Department of Food and Agriculture
7), is about ¼ inch long and chews Hotline (1-800-491-1899; also see cdfa.
It should be noted that western flower holes mostly in the petals of open [Link]/plant/JB/).
thrips can sometimes be considered flowers. It is primarily a problem in the
beneficial because they are predators Central Valley from Sacramento south Leafcutting bees, Megachile spp., cut
of spider mites. to Bakersfield. semicircular holes in the margins of
leaves and carry leaf material back to
The hoplia beetle prefers feeding on use in lining their nests (Figure 8). Bees
Insects that Chew Blossoms flowers of light-colored roses (white, are important pollinators and should
and/or Leaves pink, apricot, and yellow) and does not not be killed. There are no effective
Fuller rose beetle. Adults of Fuller damage leaves. Larvae are root feeders controls.
rose beetle (Figure 6), Naupactus god- but do not feed on the roots of rose
mani, chew flowers and foliage leaving plants. There is only one generation a Rose curculio, Merhynchites bicolor, is
notched or ragged edges. Adult beetles year and damage is usually confined to a reddish-black snout weevil about ¼
are pale brown weevils that are about the 2- to 4-week period in late spring inch long that prefers yellow and white
3/8 inch long. They are flightless and when adults are active. roses. Adults feed by drilling holes in
hide during the day, often on the un- flower buds that may kill the devel-
Adult hoplia beetles can be hand- oping bud or result in ragged holes in
dersides of leaves. Feeding takes place picked or infested rose blooms re-
at night. The larvae are root feeders but blossoms when they open. If weevils
moved. Insecticide sprays are not very are numerous, terminal shoots may be
do not seriously damage roses. effective and should not be necessary killed as well. Eggs are laid inside buds
Low numbers can be ignored. in a garden situation. For more infor- and larvae feed within, often killing
Otherwise, handpick the beetles off mation about hoplia beetle, see Pest buds before they open. When mature,
plants, use sticky material on stems to Notes: Hoplia Beetle. larvae drop to the ground to overwin-
trap and exclude them, and trim any Hoplia beetles may be mistaken for ter and pupate in the soil, emerging
branches touching walls, fences, or Japanese beetles, Popillia japonica, as adults in spring. There is only one
other plants. serious pests in other areas of the generation a year.
In California, adults emerge from United States, but Japanese beetles are Hand pick adults off plants and destroy
June to November and are difficult about twice as long and are metal- buds infested with larvae. Many beetles
to control with insecticides. Parasitic lic green with coppery wing covers. may be removed from heavily infested
nematodes, which attack larvae, may Japanese beetles are not established bushes by gently shaking plants over a
bucket of soapy water. A broad-spec-
trum insecticide can be applied to kill
6 7 8 adults if the infestation is severe.
Caterpillars such as orange tortrix,
tussock moth, fruittree leafroller, tent
caterpillar, and omnivorous looper
may feed on rose leaves, flowers and
buds (Figures 9 and 10). Some of these
caterpillars may also tie leaves togeth-
er with silk. Some caterpillars, like
9 10 11 the tobacco budworm, may bore into
flower buds. Look for the caterpillar or
its frass inside. Hand pick caterpillars
or prune out and promptly dispose of
infested buds or rolled leaves (often
hiding caterpillars within).
Damage is usually not severe and
treatment with pesticides not generally
Figures 6-11. Top row, left to right: adult Fuller rose beetle (weevil); adult
necessary. Leaf-feeding caterpillars
hoplia beetle and feeding damage; rose leaves damaged by a leafcutting bee.
can be reduced with the microbial
Bottom row, left to right: caterpillar frass and holes chewed in rose petals; insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis or the
rose bud damaged by caterpillar boring; roseslug larva chewing rose leaf. insecticide spinosad. These materials
 Pest Notes: Roses: Insects and Mites Page 4 of 7

will be most effective when caterpillars

are small, and caterpillars within buds 12 13
are unlikely to be killed. Damage may
not be noticed until after caterpillars
are full grown and no longer vulnerable
to insecticide applications.
Roseslugs include several species of
sawflies that damage leaves on roses.
Sawflies are wasps with plant-feed- 14 15
ing larvae that resemble caterpillars
(Figure 11). Young larvae skeletonize
lower leaf surfaces while mature larvae
chew large holes in leaves.
Roseslugs have many natural enemies
that help keep their populations down.
They may be washed off plants with Figures 12-15. Top row, left to right: larva of Pacific flatheaded borer;
strong streams of water or killed with raspberry horntail sawfly larva and frass.
insecticidal soap, horticultural oil,
Bottom row, left to right: necrotic, bent, dead rose terminal killed by
or spinosad. Insecticides containing raspberry horntail; Adult and immature stages of San Jose scale.
Bacillus thuringiensis are not effective
against roseslugs because they are not
the larvae of butterflies or moths. infestation. Prune down infested canes honeydew, which may cause leaves
until a healthy cross section is found. to be sticky and will allow black sooty
mold to colonize leaf surfaces. Washing
Insects That Cause Canes to Scale insects that may attack roses plants with soap and water may reduce
Die Back include two species of armored scales: populations. Pruning and application
the rose scale, Aulacaspis rosae, and of horticultural oil in winter for ar-
Flatheaded borers, Chrysobothris spp.
the San Jose scale, Quadraspidiotus mored scales should provide sufficient
(Figure 12), may kill canes or entire
perniciosus (Figure 15). These pests control.
plants. Larvae are white and up to 1
may cause cane decline or dieback
inch long with enlarged heads. Adult
when numbers are high. San Jose scale For more information about scale
beetles do not significantly damage
may spread by wind from nearby or- insects, see Pest Notes: Scales.
roses.
chards, and so may be found on roses
Eggs tend to be laid on stressed rose near urban-agricultural interfaces in Insects Seldom Found on
plants, especially in bark wounds California’s Central Valley and other
caused by sunburn or disease. Remove fruit or nut tree production areas. California Roses
and destroy infested plant material and Mossy rose galls, created by the gall
Armored scales can be observed on wasp Diplolepis rosae, are spherical
keep plants healthy by providing suffi-
canes as small, grayish, round to oval spined masses of plant tissue about an
cient irrigation and avoiding excessive
encrustations, ranging in size from 1/8 inch in diameter that form on year-
summer pruning.
to ¼ inch. These insects have no legs or old rose twigs (Figure 16). At first,
Raspberry horntail larvae, Hartigia antennae for most of their lives and are the deformity resembles moss, but it
cressoni, are white, segmented larvae immobile. becomes hardened as it enlarges.
up to 1 inch long that feed within rose
In winter, cut back and destroy infested Although mossy rose gall is most
stems or canes (Figure 13). Adults are
canes and apply insecticidal oil to any common, many kinds of galls can form
black or black and yellow wood wasps
remaining infested canes if the scale on roses; most caused by different
about 1/2 inch long.
population is high. Scales are attacked gall wasp species. They may occur on
In the spring, horntail feeding can by many natural enemies. Look for exit twigs, stems or leaves and have various
cause tips of canes to wilt and die in holes in mature scale covers, indicating shapes and textures. Galls are more
spring, reducing second-cycle rose parasitization. common in cooler, northern parts of
blooms (Figure 14). California than in the Central Valley.
Other scale insects, including cottony
cushion scale, Icerya purchasi, and They are generally not damaging and
Inspect canes in spring (mid-April to
several species of soft scales, such as pruning them out should provide suffi-
mid-June) for egg-laying incisions or
black scale, Saissetia oleae, may also be cient control.
swellings caused by larvae feeding
within and cut them off below the found on roses. These insects produce Rose midge, Dasineura rhodophaga,
 Pest Notes: Roses: Insects and Mites Page 5 of 7

are likely to see more. aphids and are predators in both the
adult and larval stages. Look for the
Parasitic wasps are also important in black, alligator-shaped larvae with
the control of scale insects, caterpillars, orange dots and oblong, yellow lady
and many other insect pests. beetle eggs that are laid on end in
Minute pirate bug. Minute pirate bugs, groups (Figure 18).
Orius tristicolor, are tiny true bugs with Releases of commercially available
black and white markings as adults. convergent lady beetles can reduce
They are often among the first preda- aphid numbers. However, large
Figure 16. Mossy galls on rose tors to appear in spring, and they feed
containing larvae of cynipid wasps. numbers must be released on each
on mites, insect and mite eggs, imma- individual rose plant. Mist lady bee-
ture scales, and thrips. tles with a water spray before release.
was found infesting roses in a nursery Make releases in the evening at dusk by
Lacewings. Green lacewings in the
in Petaluma, California, in August 1996; placing beetles on canes at the base of
genera Chrysopa and Chrysoperla are
however, it has not been reported in plants. Wet plants first with a fine spray
common natural enemies of aphids
California since. This pest can cause of water.
and other soft-bodied insects. The gray-
severe damage and is established in
green to brown alligator-shaped larvae Expect 90% of the lady beetles to fly
Oregon, Washington, and other states,
are the predatory stage. The green lacy- away in the first 24 hours. The remain-
so rose growers should be on the
winged adults feed on honeydew. ing lady beetles are unlikely to lay eggs
lookout for new infestations, especially
when purchasing new plants. Lady beetles. Many different red and and will fly away once aphid popula-
black lady beetle species are predators tions have been substantially reduced.
Rose midges are tiny flies that lay their
of aphids; the most common is the Leatherwings or soldier beetles.
eggs inside the sepals of flower buds
convergent lady beetle, Hippodamia These moderate to large-sized beetles
or on plant terminals. Hatching larvae
convergens. Another common species in the cantharid family have leath-
move into flower buds to feed, leaving
in the garden is the Asian multicolored erlike dark wings and orange or red
the injured buds to wither, blacken,
lady beetle, Harmonia axyridis. heads and thoraxes (Figure 19). Several
and die. Pupation occurs in the soil and
2 to 4 generations can occur annually. These lady beetles feed primarily on
Take any suspected infested ma-
terial to your county Agricultural 17 18
Commissioner for identification. Don’t
confuse the rose midge with the similar
looking beneficial midge, Aphidoletes
aphidimyza, which feeds on aphids.
Aphidoletes larvae are found on stem,
bud, or leaf surfaces feeding within
aphid colonies, whereas Dasineura
larvae will be hidden out of view at the
bases of developing buds.

19 20
COMMON NATURAL ENEMIES
Aphid parasites. Tiny parasitic wasps
are very important in the control of
aphids on roses. Adults lay their eggs
within the aphid and developing wasp
larvae feeding within rapidly immobi-
lize the aphids. Eventually, the para-
sites kill the aphids and turn them into
bronze or black crusty, bloated mum-
mies. The parasitic wasp larva pupates
within the mummy and then cuts a Figures 17-20. Top row, left to right: parasitized aphids (mummies); lady
neat, round hole and emerges as a full- beetle larva consuming aphid.
grown wasp (Figure 17). Once you see Bottom row, left to right: adult soldier beetle; syrphid fly larva.
one mummy in the aphid colony, you
 Pest Notes: Roses: Insects and Mites Page 6 of 7

species feed on aphids and are very The aphid-feeding larvae, often found Because they are so small, a hand lens
common on roses. within aphid colonies, are legless and is helpful in viewing them.
maggot-shaped (Figure 20) and vary
Many people mistake soldier beetles in color from dull brown or yellow Thrips. Sixspotted thrips,
for pests, but they can be important to bright green; some species have a Eotetranychus sexmaculatus, feeds on
predators. Sometimes the beetles, stripe down their backs. Don’t mistake spider mites. Western flower thrips are
which may feed on pollen and nectar them for moth or butterfly caterpillars, plant feeders but also feed on spider
as well as aphids, leave dark splotches which have legs and chew holes in mites. While thrips damage may not be
of excrement on leaves. Soldier beetle leaves. tolerated within commercial produc-
larvae are also predaceous but live tion, in landscape settings thrips may
in the soil, feeding on soil-dwelling Predaceous mites. A number of provide benefits outweighing the limit-
invertebrates. predatory mites feed on spider mites, ed damage they cause.
often keeping them at tolerable levels.
Syrphid flies. Syrphids, sometimes Predatory mites can be distinguished Spiders. All spiders are predators and
called flower flies or hover flies, are from the plant-feeding spider mites by many contribute significantly to biolog-
important predators of aphids and are the absence of the two spots on either ical control. Many types of spiders in-
very common on roses. Syrphids super- side of the body, their pear shape, and cluding crab spiders, jumping spiders,
ficially resemble honey bees or wasps, their more active habits. cobweb spiders, and orbweavers occur
feed on nectar and pollen before re- in landscapes.
producing, and are often seen hovering Compared to the plant-feeding species
above flowers. There are many species of mites, which remain in one location •••
of hover flies in California. feeding, predatory mites move rapidly
around the leaf when looking for prey.

REFERENCES
Bethke JA, Dreistadt SH, Varela L. 2014. Pest Notes: Thrips. UC Kabashima JN, Dreistadt SH. 2014. Pest Notes: Scales. UC
ANR Publication 7429. Oakland, CA. ANR Publication 7408. Oakland, CA.
[Link]/PMG/PESTNOTES/[Link] [Link]/PMG/PESTNOTES/[Link]
Dreistadt SH. 2016. Pests of Landscape Trees and Shrubs. UC Karlik JF, Goodell PB, Osteen GW. 1995. Improved mite sam-
ANR Publication 3359. Oakland, CA. pling may reduce acaricide use in roses. California Agricul-
[Link]/IPMPROJECT/ADS/manual_landscape.html ture 49(3):38–40.
Online at [Link]/archive/?article=ca.v049n03p38.
Flint ML. 2013. Pest Notes: Aphids. UC ANR Publication 7404. (Accessed on 25 January 2019).
Oakland, CA.
[Link]/PMG/PESTNOTES/[Link] Karlik JF, Tjosvold SA. 2003. Integrated Pest Management
(IPM) for Roses. In Encyclopedia of Rose Science, AV Roberts
Flint ML, Dreistadt SH. 1998. Natural Enemies Handbook. UC ed. Elsevier Science. Amsterdam, Netherlands.
ANR Publication 3386. Oakland, CA.
[Link]/IPMPROJECT/ADS/manual_naturalenemies. Karlik JF, Tjosvold SA. 2003. Spider Mites. In Encyclopedia of
html Rose Science, AV Roberts ed. Elsevier Science. Amsterdam,
Netherlands.
Godfrey LD. 2011. Pest Notes: Spider Mites. UCANR Publica-
tion 7405. Oakland, CA. Perry EJ. 2010. Pest Notes: Hoplia Beetle. UC ANR Publication
[Link]/PMG/PESTNOTES/[Link] 7499. Oakland, CA.
[Link]/PMG/PESTNOTES/[Link]
Pest Notes: Roses: Insects and Mites Page 7 of 7

WARNING ON THE USE OF PESTICIDES

Pesticides are poisonous. Some pesticides are more toxic than others and present higher risks to people, nontarget
organisms, and the environment. A pesticide is any material (natural, organic, or synthetic) used to control, prevent,
kill, suppress, or repel pests. “Pesticide” is a broad term that includes insecticides, herbicides (weed or plant killers),
fungicides, rodenticides, miticides (mite control), molluscicides (for snails and slugs), and other materials like growth
regulators or antimicrobial products such as bleach and sanitary wipes that kill bacteria.
Always read and carefully follow all precautions and directions provided on the container label. The label is the law and
failure to follow label instructions is an illegal use of the pesticide. Store all chemicals in the original labeled containers
in a locked cabinet or shed, away from food or feeds, and out of the reach of children, unauthorized persons, and
animals. Never place pesticides in food or drink containers. Consult the pesticide label to determine active ingredients,
correct locations for use, signal words, and personal protective equipment you should wear to protect yourself from
exposure when applying the material.
Pesticides applied in your garden and landscape can move through water or with soil away from where they were
applied, resulting in contamination of creeks, lakes, rivers, and the ocean. Confine pesticides to the property being
treated and never allow them to get into drains or creeks. Avoid getting pesticide onto neighboring properties (called
drift), especially onto gardens containing fruits or vegetables ready to be picked.
Do not place containers with pesticide in the trash or pour pesticides down the sink, toilet, or outside drains. Either use
all the pesticide according to the label until the container is empty or take unwanted pesticides to your local Household
Hazardous Waste Collection site. Contact your county agricultural commissioner for additional information on safe
container disposal and for the location of the Hazardous Waste Collection site nearest you. Follow label directions for
disposal of empty containers. Never reuse or burn the containers or dispose of them in such a manner that they may
contaminate water supplies or natural waterways.

Produced by the Statewide Integrated Pest Management For more information, contact the University of California Cooperative
Program, University of California, 2801 Second Street, Davis, CA Extension office in your county. See your telephone directory for ad-
95618-7774. dresses and phone numbers, or visit: [Link]/County_Offices.
University of California scientists and other qualified professionals have
Technical Editor: K Windbiel-Rojas
anonymously peer reviewed this publication for technical accuracy.
ANR Associate Editor: AM Sutherland The ANR Associate Editor for Urban Pest Management managed this
process.
Editor and Designer: B Messenger-Sikes
To simplify information, trade names of products have been used. No
ILLUSTRATIONS: Figures 1-15, 17-20: Jack Kelly Clark; Figure 16: endorsement of named products is intended, nor is criticism implied of
AL Antonelli. similar products that are not mentioned.
This material is partially based upon work supported by the Extension
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under special project Section
This and other Pest Notes are available at [Link].
3(d), Integrated Pest Management.

Suggested citation: Flint, ML, Karlik, JK. 2019. UC IPM Pest Notes:
Roses: Insects and Mites. UC ANR Publication 7466. Oakland, CA.

ANR NONDISCRIMINATION AND AFFIRMATIVE ACTION POLICY STATEMENT

It is the policy of the University of California (UC) and the UC Division of Agriculture & Natural Resources not to engage in discrimination against or harassment of any person in any of its programs or activities (Complete nondiscrimination
policy statement can be found at [Link]/sites/anrstaff/files/[Link] ).
Inquiries regarding ANR’s nondiscrimination policies may be directed to John Fox, Affirmative Action Contact, University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources, 2801 Second Street, Davis, CA 95618, (530) 750-1397.