World War II was caused by the Treaty of Versailles, the rise of fascism, and the failure of appeasement. Major events included the invasion of Poland, the Battle of Britain, Pearl Harbor, and D-Day, with the Allied Powers consisting of the USA, USSR, and UK, while the Axis Powers included Germany, Italy, and Japan. The aftermath saw the formation of the United Nations, the beginning of the Cold War, and the start of decolonization.