School Camiguin Polytechnic State Year Level 2nd Year

College
Student Baclayo, Aivie Learning English
Bangi, Clea Jean Area
Cabeguin, Rei Ian
Jacot, Trixie Nichole
Tanghian, John Paul
Cooperating Topic Tenses
Teacher
Teaching Date May 03, 2025 | Semester 2nd Semester
and Time

PERFORMANCE STANDARD

CONTENT STANDARD

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students shall be able to:

A. Distinguish between the simple past and past perfect tenses.

B. Explain how the choice between the simple past and past perfect tenses affects the
sequence of events in a narrative.
C. Formulate sentences using the simple past and past perfect tenses.
II. SUBJECT MATTER
 TOPIC :
Simple Past and Past Perfect Tenses
A. REFERENCES :

B. OTHER LEARNING RESOURCES :

C. MATERIALS:
D. INTEGRATION :
E. VALUE FOCUS :
II. PROCEDURES

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

A. Routinary Activities

 Prayer

 Greetings

 Calling to Order

 Checking of Attendance
 B. Review
- Suggest mo interactive nga activity
para ani nga part
Before we proceed to the topic let us have
first a recap. What had we tackled last the
previous meeting?

C. Motivation (10 minutes)

WHAT HAPPENED WHEN?

Today, we are going to become time

travelers, exploring how we talk about events
that have already happened!

Showing of Digital Pictures

Take a peak at these pictures. The first set

shows someone planting seeds, and the next
shows them harvesting crops.
Tell me, what did they do first?
What did they do after?

Now, imagine you want to say that the

planting was already finished before the
harvest even started. How would you
emphasize that the first action was completed
earlier?
For example:
1) The crops had already grown tall when
it was time to harvest.

Today, we will learn how to use the two ways

to talk about the past: the simple past for
actions that happened, and the past perfect
for actions that had finished before another
past action. This will help us tell our stories
effectively!

(Next Activity: Showing of a Video Clip)

Let’s watch a short video clip of preparing for

a celebration. Notice how some things had to
be done before others. Can you point out an
action that was completed before another one
started?

(To identify sequential events, facilitator may

guide the students).
 D. Lesson Proper

E. ACTIVITY (15 minutes)

Activity: Timeline Expressions Relay

Let us visualize time expressions. Here is a

timeline showing ‘Yesterday’ and ‘Earlier
Yesterday.’ I have cards with different actions
that might have happened. In your teams,
one by one, come up, pick a card, place it on
the timeline where you think it belongs, and
say a sentence about it using the correct
tense.

For example, if you pick ‘went to church’ and

place it under ‘Yesterday,’ you might say,
‘Yesterday, I went to church.’ If you pick ‘had
finished homework’ and place it under ‘Earlier
Yesterday,’ you might say, I had finished my
homework before I went to school yesterday.

F. ANALYSIS

Great job with the activities! Now, let’s talk

more about what we’ve discovered.
In the ‘Timeline Relay,’ what helped you
decide whether to use the simple past or the
past perfect?

(Let students articulate the concept of one

action happening before another).

Can you think of a time you were

telling/sharing a story and you needed to
make it clear that one thing happened before
another? How could you have used the past
perfect in that situation?

Now, let’s take a closer look at these two

important ways we talk about the past.
(Projecting the PPT Slides on the LED
Screen)

Let’s start with the Simple Past Tense. When

do we typically use this tense?

The simple past tense is used to describe

actions or events that were completed at a
definite time in the past. This ‘definite time’
can be specified (e.g., yesterday, last week,
in 2020). The focus is on the completion of
the action in the past. Grammatically,
regular verbs in the simple past usually end in
‘-ed’ (e.g., walked, played, jumped), while
irregular verbs have unique forms that we
need to learn (e.g., went, ate, saw, ran).

Now, let’s talk about the Past Perfect Tense.

Our activities showed us it talks about an
action that happened before another action in
the past. Can someone explain this in their
own words?

The past perfect tense is used to describe an

action or event that was completed before
another action or event in the past. It helps us
establish a sequence of past events,
indicating which one occurred first. Think of it
as the 'past in the past.' The structure of the
past perfect is always ‘had’ followed by the
past participle of the verb (e.g., had walked,
had eaten, had seen). This ‘had + past
participle’ form is consistent for both regular
and irregular verbs.

Let us consider a situation: Imagine you

arrived at the school after the flag ceremony
had already started. How would you describe
these two events, and how would you show
which one happened first?

In this case, the flag ceremony starting

happened before your arrival. So, we would
say: The flag ceremony had already started
when I arrived at school. Notice how the past
perfect (had started) clearly indicates the
earlier action, and the simple past (arrived)
describes the later action. If we just said ‘The
flag ceremony started. I arrived at school,’ the
order isn’t as clearly stated.

Why is this distinction between the simple

past and the past perfect significant when we
tell stories or describe past events?

Using the correct tense helps us

communicate effectively and avoid confusion
about the order of events. Imagine a story
where you say, “I ate dinner, and then I
washed the dishes.” This implies the eating
happened first. But if you wanted to say the
dishes were already washed before you ate
because your aunt helped, you would say,
‘The dishes had been washed before I ate
dinner.’ The past perfect clarifies this
sequence. In narratives, especially when
dealing with several past events, the past
perfect is significant for creating a logical
order of events and timeline for the
reader/listener.

Can you think of other situations where using

the past perfect would be helpful to show the
sequential/logical order of past events?

G. ABSTRACTION

Alright, let’s put all our detective work

together. What is the simple past tense used
for?
And what is the past perfect tense used for?
What is the structure of the past perfect
tense?
So, when we want to show the order of two
past actions and emphasize that one was
finished before the other, which tense shall
we use for the earlier action?
5. APPLICATION

6. EVALUATION 1.
Activity: My Past Story

Now, for your activity sheets, this activity is

called ‘My Past Story.’ I want you to think
about two events that happened to you or
someone you know recently. Write two
sentences in the simple past tense to
describe these events in the order they
occurred.
Then, rewrite those two sentences as one
sentence using the past perfect tense for the
event that happened first. Make sure your
sentences clearly show the sequence of
events.
For example: ‘I went to the market. I bought
fresh fish,’ can be constructed as ‘I had gone
to the market before I bought fresh fish.’
 7. ASSIGNMENT (Wrap-Up)

Let’s have a quick review. What’s one key

difference between the simple past and the
past perfect?
Give me an example of a sentence using the
past perfect tense.

For your assignment, think of a short story or

a folktale you know. Write down two
sentences from the story – one using the
simple past and one using the past perfect.
Explain why you think the storyteller chose
each tense to describe when the actions
happened.

A job well done, class. Class dismissed! See

you on Friday.

REMARKS/COMMENTS

Baclayo, Aivie
Bangi, Clea Jean
Cabeguin, Rei Ian
Jacot, Trixie Nichole
Tanghian, John Paul
________________________________
Student Presenters