Combating climate change with NbS
Module 4
Assess vulnerabilities by climate change
Benefits provided by NbS
Name: Swarupa Sane
Roll No: 24PTPHDA24
Nirma University, Ahemdabad
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The European Commission support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents which reflects the
views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Climate Change Vulnerabilities at Thane Creek
Vulnerability Explanation
Inundation of low-lying
Sea-level rise mangrove areas; saline
intrusion into freshwater zones
Stronger cyclones and coastal
Increased storm intensity storms could damage
mangroves and infrastructure
Urban runoff + tidal surges
Flooding and poor drainage increase waterlogging and
reduce wetland absorption
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NBS Case Studies Thematically Similar to Thane Creek
Vulnerability Explanation
Affects water salinity, bird
Heatwaves and temperature
migration, and biodiversity
rise
stability
Higher pollution and thermal
stress reduce mangrove
Ecosystem degradation
regeneration and fish
spawning
Disturbed tidal flow and
Erosion and siltation riverbank instability due to
upstream land-use change
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Nature-Based Solutions: Climate Benefits from Case
Studies
Bangladesh – Community Mangrove Restoration
Adaptation:
o Buffers storm surges and sea-level rise
o Reduces physical damage to inland areas
Mitigation:
o Large-scale carbon sequestration
o Improves coastal soil health
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Nature-Based Solutions: Climate Benefits from Case Studies
Vietnam – Mangrove + Livelihood Integration
Adaptation:
o Flood regulation and shoreline stabilization
o Resilient farming systems reduce exposure to saltwater
intrusion
Mitigation:
o Mangroves absorb CO₂
o Restoration reduces erosion and sediment loss
Sundarbans – Protected Mangrove Reserve
Adaptation:
o Cyclone buffering and habitat stability
o Biodiversity supports ecological resilience
Mitigation:
o Blue carbon storage in mangrove biomass and soils
o Maintains coastal microclimate
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authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Benefits NbS Could Provide at Thane Creek
NbS Function Climate Benefit
Enhances coastal defense, storm
Mangrove restoration surge buffering, and reduces flood
exposure
Improves water quality, helping
Bio-filtration ecosystems adapt to temperature
and salinity stress
Mangroves act as carbon sinks,
Carbon sequestration contributing to Mumbai’s emissions
reduction goals
Healthy food webs and migratory
Biodiversity support bird habitats increase ecological
adaptability
Improves local awareness and
Community engagement adaptive capacity through eco-
tourism and monitoring
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authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Why NbS Is Ideal for Climate Response at Thane Creek
Cost-effective: Natural defenses are cheaper and longer
lasting than artificial infrastructure.
Multi-benefit: One action (e.g., planting mangroves)
supports flood control, livelihoods, and carbon storage.
Community-driven: Like Sundarbans and Bangladesh, local
involvement ensures ownership and long-term success.
Urban-fit: NbS can be integrated into Mumbai’s wetland
conservation, storm water planning, and tourism
development.
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authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Conclusion
Thane Creek is vulnerable to urban flooding, sea-level rise,
and biodiversity loss, all worsened by climate change.
Nature-based solutions like community-based mangrove
restoration, model are successful examples in Bangladesh,
Vietnam, and the Sundarbans, provide powerful tools for both
climate adaptation and mitigation. These should be
prioritized in Mumbai’s environmental and development
planning.
© URGENT
The European Commission support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the 8
authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein