Integration Formulas - Class 11
1. Basic Formulas of Integration
Integral of x^n dx = (x^(n + 1)) / (n + 1) + C , n not equal to -1
Integral of 1/x dx = ln|x| + C
Integral of e^x dx = e^x + C
Integral of a^x dx = (a^x) / ln a + C
Integral of 1/(a^2 + x^2) dx = (1/a) * arctan(x/a) + C
Integral of 1/sqrt(a^2 - x^2) dx = arcsin(x/a) + C
Integral of 1/[x * sqrt(x^2 - a^2)] dx = (1/a) * arcsec|x/a| + C
2. Trigonometric Function Integrals
Integral of sin x dx = -cos x + C
Integral of cos x dx = sin x + C
Integral of sec^2 x dx = tan x + C
Integral of csc^2 x dx = -cot x + C
Integral of sec x tan x dx = sec x + C
Integral of csc x cot x dx = -csc x + C
3. Special Trigonometric Integrals
Integral of tan x dx = ln|sec x| + C
Integral of cot x dx = ln|sin x| + C
Integral of sec x dx = ln|sec x + tan x| + C
Integral of csc x dx = ln|csc x - cot x| + C
4. Important Notes
Constant Rule: Integral of k dx = kx + C
Sum Rule: Integral of [f(x) + g(x)] dx = Integral of f(x) dx + Integral of g(x) dx
Difference Rule: Integral of [f(x) - g(x)] dx = Integral of f(x) dx - Integral of g(x) dx
Substitution Method: Useful when the integral is not directly solvable.