Class IX Science Formative Assessment II
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singing ND dancing makes beautiful lifeClass IX Science Formative Assessment II
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singing ND dancing makes beautiful lifeCommon questions
Powered by AIThe plasma membrane maintains cellular homeostasis by regulating the entry and exit of substances, ensuring that the internal environment remains stable. It is described as selectively permeable because it allows certain molecules to pass through while blocking others, enabling the cell to control its internal conditions effectively .
Leucoplasts are the plastids involved in food storage. They are significant because they are responsible for the storage of starches, oils, and proteins in plant cells, which are essential for the plant's growth and energy needs .
Schleiden and Schwann contributed to cell theory by proposing that all plants and animals are composed of cells, thus highlighting the cell as the fundamental unit of life. This was significant because it unified biology under a common framework, facilitating further discoveries in cellular and molecular biology .
Filtration is based on the principle of size exclusion, using a barrier to separate particles based on their size. It is chosen for separating an insoluble solid from a liquid because the solid particles cannot pass through the filter, while the liquid passes through, leaving a clear separation .
The negative acceleration (deceleration) indicates a reduction in the vehicle's speed, requiring an external force to act in the opposite direction of motion. For a 1500 kg vehicle decelerating at 1.7 m/s², the stopping force can be calculated using Newton's second law: F = ma. Here, F = 1500 kg * 1.7 m/s² = 2550 N .
Newton’s third law explains the interaction between the horse exerting a force on the cart and the ground pushing back with an equal and opposite force. As the horse pushes against the ground with its hooves, the ground exerts an equal force forward, allowing the cart to move. This dynamic interaction of forces is crucial in understanding motion .
Osmosis can be demonstrated using a potato and sugar solution. By submerging potato slices in different concentrations of sugar solution, water will move in or out of the potato based on the concentration gradient, showing how water moves through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to high concentration .
A pure substance consists of a single type of matter with a definite composition and distinct chemical properties, while a mixture contains two or more substances physically combined. Oxygen gas is considered a pure substance because it is made up entirely of oxygen molecules (O2) with consistent properties throughout .
The difference arises due to their masses; a cricket ball has more mass than a tennis ball, resulting in greater momentum (p = mv). As per Newton's second law, greater force is required to change the motion of a heavier object. Therefore, it is easier to stop a tennis ball as it has less momentum and requires less force .
A homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition throughout, where the individual substances are not distinguishable, like salt water. In contrast, a heterogeneous mixture has visibly different substances or phases, such as oil and water with clearly distinct layers, reflecting differences in composition and properties .