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TCC Physics 1 Key Concepts and Terms

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
100 views9 pages

TCC Physics 1 Key Concepts and Terms

Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Welcome to issb with Bilal

Tcc physics most important questions

Created by sir Bilal Arif

Quantity & Units:

Speed meter/sec

Acceleration meter/sec2

Resistance ohm

Charge coulomb C

Pressure Pascal

Force Newton

Torque Newton/meter2

Area Meter 2

Volume cubic meter

Current Ampere

Power watt

Momentum Newton. Second

1. Scalar Quantities:

Those physical quantities which are measured only by their magnitude,

called scalar quantities e.g. 25 liter petrol.

2. Vector Quantities:

Those physical quantities which are measured not only for their

magnitude but their direction as well for their complete description, called vector quantities

3. Speed:

The distance covered by a body per unit time, called speed.


4. Velocity:

The distance covered by a body per unit time but in a specific direction, called

velocity.

5. Mass:

The quantity of matter present in a body, called mass.

6. Weight:

Weight is the force with which the earth attracts the body towards it center,

called weight. W=mg

7. Ammeter:

A device which is used to measured the current, called ammeter.

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Voltmeter:

A device which is used to measured the voltage or potential difference v,

called voltmeter

9. Machine:

A device which helps us to do work more conveniently, called machine.

10. kinds of Machines:

Lever, pulley, wheel & axels, inclined plane, screw etc.


11. Barometer:

A device which is used to measured the atmospheric pressure, called

barometer.

12. Newton first law of motion / Inertia:

Every object continuous it state of rest or in uniform

motion in a straight line unless it is acted upon by some external force, called Inertia.

13. Newton 3rd law:

For every action there is always equal but opposite in direction, called

Newton 3rd law.

14. Efficiency:

Efficiency =output of the machine / input of the machine

15. Torque:

Turning effect of force is called torque

Torque = Force * moment arm

16. Atomic No:

The total numbers of proton & electrons in the nucleus of an atom, called

atomic no.

17. Atomic Mass:

The total number of protons & neutrons in the nucleus of an atom, called

atomic mass.

18. Friction:

That force which resists the motion of a body, called friction.

1. With out friction between our legs and ground we will able to move on.

2. Due to friction heat is produced and causes burning.


19. Momentum:

It is the product of mass and velocity, momentum will be increased with the increased

of mass of the moving body as well momentum will be increased with the increase in velocity

of the body.

P=Mv Newton. Second (Unit)

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Law of conservation of Momentum:

The momentum of an isolated system remains constant

“Isolated system means a system where no external force exerted”

21. Newton 2nd law of Motion:

When a force acts on a body it produces acceleration in its own

direction, which is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportially to the mass of

the body i.e.

F=ma

22. Distance:

The change of position of a body, called distance.

23. Displacement:

The change of position of a body but in a particular direction, called

displacement.

24. Radar:

Radar is used for the purpose of locating and identifying the objects, which can’t
be seen by eyes or telescope. It is used for military purpose, for air traffic control, for

weather observation as well for storm warning.

25. Center of gravity:

Center of gravity is the point where the whole weight of the body appears

to act.

26. Matter:

Matter is made up of small particles, called molecules. Molecules are made up

of one or two atoms. Matter exists in three state i.e. solid, liquid & gas. Temperature and

pressure change the state of matter.

27. Law of Universal Gravitation:

Every object in the universe attracts every other object with some

force that is called law of universal gravitation.

28. Types of Equilibrium:

Stable Equilibrium: A Moving car or Book lying on a table.

Unstable Equilibrium: A pencil is standing on a table for a moment

Neutral Equilibrium. When center of gravity is below the point of suspension

29. Audible Frequency:

A frequency of sound waves that can be detected by human ear easily,

called audible frequency. The average range of audible frequency is 20 HZ to 20000 HZ.

30. Evaporation:

Changing of liquid into vapour with out being boiling, called evaporation

Drying cloth is the best example of it

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31. Frequency:

The number of vibration in one second, called frequency.

F=I / T

32. Time period:

Time required completing one vibration or one complete trip, called time

period.

33. Concave lens:

It is thinner at the center and thicker at the edges. It diverges the beam of

light.

Uses: head light of automobiles, microscope, searching lights as well medical

check-up for air, nose etc khy liye bhi used hota hai.

BECAUSE IT GIVES REAL AND VIRTUAL VIEW

34. Convex lens:

It is thicker at the center at thinner at the edges. It converge the beam of

light.

Uses: Narrow turning, security purpose, to see the lower part of vehicles

BECAUSE IT GIVES REAR VIEW


35. E=MC2

According to this mass can be converted in energy and energy can be

converted in mass, it is explained by Einstein.

Coulomb’s Law:

An electrostatic attractive or repulsive force between two point charges is

directly proportional to the product of the magnitude of the charges and inversely

proportional to the square of the distance between them.

44. Pressure:

Pressure is the force per unit area. Pressure has a direct relation with force

and has inverse relation with area.

P=f / A

45. Barometer:

Barometer is a device which is used for measuring atmospheric pressure.

46. Pascal Law:

The pressure applied to any place to an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally

and undimensionally to every portion of the fluid.

47. Buoyancy:

Buoyancy is the force with which a liquid pushes an object upward, when it is

lowered in liquid..
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53. Mechanical advantage:

It is a ratio between load and effort.

M.A = Load / Effort

54. Mechanical Advantage of Lever:

Mechanical advantage of lever can be increased by increasing the effort

arm as compared to weight arm.

55. Transfer of heat:

There are three processes by which heat energy is transferred from one

place to another. 1conduction 2 radiation 3 convection

Conduction: In this mode heat energy is transferred from atom to atom or molecule

to molecule with out the movement of substances or mass from one position to another.

Convection: In this mode heat energy is transferred from one place to another place

by means of movement of atom or molecules.

Radiation: In this mode no medium, is required as in convection and radiation. When

these radiations fall on the object they transfer energy to the body.

56. Echo:

The sound heard after reflecting from the surface is called Echo.

57. Wavelength:

It is a horizontal distance covered by a wave in one complete cycle.

58. Amplitude:
It is a maximum vertical distance covered by a wave from it normal.

59. Ultrasonic and subsonic:

Waves having the frequency above the audible range, called ultrasonic

and waves having frequency below the audible range, called subsonic.

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Dollar effects

is the apparent change in frequency of wave to the observer moving

relative to it source.

63. Reflection of light:

Bouncing back of a light ray after hitting any surface is known as

reflection

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