Practical:5
Aim: To implement playfair ciphex text technique using C++ to
generate ciphextext.
Code:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define SIZE 30
// Function to convert the string to Lowercase
void toLowerCase(char plain[], int ps) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < ps; i++) {
if (plain [i] > 64 && plain[i] < 91)
plain[i] += 32;
}
}
// Function to remove all spaces in a string
int removeSpaces (char* plain, int ps) {
int i, count = 0;
for (i = 0; i < ps; i++)
if (plain[i] != ' ')
plain[count++] = plain[i];
plain[count] = '\0';
return count;
}
// Function to generate the 5x5 key square
void generateKeyTable(char key[], int ks, char keyT[5][5]) {
int i,j,k,flag=0;
// a 26 character hashmaр
// to store count of the alphabet
int dicty[26] = { 0 };
for (i = 0; i < ks; i++) {
if (key[i] != 'j')
dicty[key[i] - 97] = 2;
}
dicty['j' - 97] = 1;
i = 0;
j = 0;
for (k = 0; k < ks; k++) {
if (dicty[key[k] - 97] == 2) {
dicty[key[k] - 97] -= 1;
keyT[i][j] = key[k];
j++;
if (j == 5) {
i++;
j = 0;
}
}
}
for (k = 0; k< 26; k++) {
if (dicty[k] == 0) {
keyT[i][j] = (char) (k + 97);
j++;
if (j == 5) {
i++;
j = 0;
}
}
}
}
// Function to search for the characters of a digraph
// in the key square and return their position
void search(char keyT[5][5], char a, char b, int arr[]) {
int i, ;
if (a == 'j')
a = 'i';
else if (b == 'j')
b = 'i';
for (i= 0; i < 5; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
if (keyT[i][j] == a) {
arr[0] = i;
arr[1] = j;
}
else if (keyT[i][j] == b) {
arr[2] = i;
arr[3] = j;
}
}
}
}
// Function to find the modulus with 5
int mod5(int a) { return (a % 5); }
// Function to make the plain text length to be even
int prepare(char str[], int ptrs) {
if (ptrs % 2 ! = 0) {
str[ptrs++] = 'z';
str[ptrs] = '\0';
}
Return ptrs;
}
// Function for performing the encryption
void encrypt(char str[], char keyT [5][5], int ps) {
int i, a[4];
for (i = 0; i < ps; i += 2) {
search(keyT, str[i], str[i + 1], a);
if (a[0] == a[2]) {
str[i] = keyT[a[0]][mod5(a[1] + 1)];
str[i + 1] = keyT[a[0]][mod5(a[3] + 1)];
}
else if (a[1] == a[3]) {
str[i] = keyT[mod5(a[0] + 1)][a[1]];
str[i + 1] = keyT[mod5(a[2] + 1)][a[1]];
}
else {
str[i] = keyT[a[0]][a[3]];
str[i + 1] = keyT[a[2]][a[1]];
}
}
}
// Function to encrypt using Playfair Cipher
void encryptByPlayfairCipher(char str[], char key[]) {
char ps, ks, keyT[5][5];
// Key
ks = strlen(key);
ks = removeSpaces (key, ks);
toLowerCase(key, ks);
// Plaintext ps = strlen(str);
toLowerCase(str, ps);
ps = removeSpaces (str, ps);
ps = prepare(str, ps);
generateKeyTable(key, ks, keyT);
encrypt(str, keyT, ps);
}
// Driver code
int main() {
char str[SIZE], key[SIZE];
// Key to be encrypted
strcpy(key, "Monarchy");
cout <<"Key text: " << key << "\n";
// Plaintext to be encrypted
strcpy(str, "instruments");
cout << "Plain text: " << str << "\n";
// encrypt using Playfair Cipher
encryptByPlayfairCipher(str, key);
cout << "Cipher text: "<< str << "\n";
return 0;
}
Output: