HEAT TRANSFER QUESTION BANK 2019-20
SIDDHARTH GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS :: PUTTUR
Siddharth Nagar, Narayanavanam Road – 517583
QUESTION BANK (DESCRIPTIVE)
Subject with Code : Heat Transfer (16ME320) Course & Branch: [Link] -ME
Year & Sem: [Link] & II-Sem Regulation: R16
UNIT –I
Basic Concepts and Conduction
1 a) Define the following terms. L1 5M
i).Heat ii).Heat transfer
b) List the some important areas which are covered under the discipline of heat L1 5M
transfer.
2 a) List the basic laws which govern the heat transfer. L1 5M
b) Name and explain the mechanism of heat transfer L1 5M
3 a) What is Fourier’s law of conduction? State the assumption and essential L1 5M
feature of it.
b) Define the following terms. L1 5M
i).Thermal Conductivity ii).Thermal Resistance
4 a) Distinguish between conduction, convection and radiation modes of heat L3 5M
transfer
b) Calculate the rate of heat transfer per unit area through a copper plate 45 L4 5M
mm thick, whose one face is maintained at 350 oC and the other face at 50
o
C. Take thermal conductivity of copper as 370 W/m oC.
5 a) What is conduction heat transfer? Explain its parameters. L1 5M
b) A plane wall is 150 mm thick and its wall area is 4.5 m2. If its conductivity L4 5M
is 9.35 W/m oC and surface temperature are steady at 150 oC and 45 oC,
determine i).Heat transfer across the plane wall, ii).Temperature gradient in
the flow direction
6 a) What is convection heat transfer? Explain its parameters. L1 5M
b) A wire 1.5 mm diameter and 150 mm long is submerged in water at L4 5M
atmospheric pressure. An electric current passed through the wire and is
increased until the water boils at 100 0C. Under the condition, if convective
heat transfer coefficient is 4500W/m2 0C. Find how electric power must be
supplied to the wire to maintain the wire surface at 120 0C
7 a) Write the laws of radiation? Explain its parameters. L1 10M
b) A surface having an area of 1.5 m2 and maintained at 300 0C exchanges heat L4 5M
by radiation with another surface at 40 0C. The value factor due to the
geometric location and emissivity is 0.52. Determine
i).Heat loss by radiation ii).The value of thermal resistance
iii).The value of equivalent convection coefficient
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HEAT TRANSFER QUESTION BANK 2019-20
8 Derive the general heat conduction equation in Cartesian coordinate. L3 10M
9 Derive the general heat conduction equation in Cylindrical coordinate L3 10M
10 Derive the general heat conduction equation in Spherical coordinate. L3 10M
UNIT –II
One Dimensional Steady State Heat Conduction and Transient Heat Conduction
1 a) Derive an expression for heat conduction through a plane wall L3 5M
b) The inner surface of a plane Brick wall is at 60 0C and the outer surface is at 5M
35 0C. Calculate the rate of heat transfer per m2 of surface area of the wall,
which is 220 mm thick. Take thermal conductivity of the brick is 0.51 W/ m
0
C.
2 a) Derive an expression for heat conduction through a composite wall L3 5M
b) A reactor’s wall, 320 mm thick, is made up of an inner layer of fire brick (k L4
= 0.84W/m 0C) covered with a layer of insulation (k = 0.16 W/m 0C). The
reactor operates at a temperature of 1325 0C and the ambient temperature is
25 0C. Determine the thickness of fire brick and insulation which gives
minimum heat loss.
3 A steam pipe of outside diameter 80 mm and 25 m long conveys 800 kg of L4 10M
steam per hour at a pressure of 22 bar. The steam enters the pipe with a
dryness fraction of 0.99 and is to leave the other end of the pipe with the
minimum dryness fraction of 0.97. This is to be accomplished by using a
lagging material (k = 0.2 W/m 0C), determine its minimum thickness to meet
the necessary condition, if the temperature of the outside surface of lagging
is 25 0C. Assume that there is no pressure drop across the pipe and the
resistance of the pipe material is negligible.
4 a) Obtain the expression of heat conduction through hollow cylinder. L3 5M
b) A spherical shaped vessel of 1.4 m diameter is 90 mm thick. Find the rate of L4 5M
heat leakage, if the temperature difference between the inner and outer
surface is 220 0C. Thermal conductivity of the material of the sphere is 0.083
W/m 0C.
5 a) Derive the expression for the overall heat transfer coefficient for a plane L3 4M
wall.
b) A cold storage room has walls made up of 220 mm of brick on outside 90 L4 6M
mm of plastic foam and finally 16 mm of wood on the inside. The outside
and inside air temperatures are 25 0C and -3 0C respectively. If the inside and
outside and heat transfer coefficients are 30 and 11 W/m2 0C respectively the
thermal conductivity of brick, plastic foam and wood are 0.99, 0.02 and 0.17
W/m 0C respectively. Then determine
i. The rate of heat removal by the refrigeration, if the total wall area is 85 m2
ii. The temperature of the inside surface of the brick
6 a) Explain the concept of critical radius of insulation for a cylinder. L2 5M
b) Calculate the critical radius of insulation for asbestos (k = 0.172 W/m K) L4 6M
surrounding a pipe and exposed to room air at 300 K with h = 2.8 W/m K.
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HEAT TRANSFER QUESTION BANK 2019-20
Calculate the heat loss from a 475 K, 60 mm diameter pipe when covered
with the critical radius of insulation and without insulation.
7 a) What is lumped system analysis? Derive the expression for it. L2 4M
b) A 50 cm x 50 cm copper slab 6.25 mm thick has a uniform temperature of L4 6M
300 0C. Its temperature is suddenly lowered to 36 0C. Calculate the time
required for the plate to reach the temperature of 108 . Take ρ = 9000 kg/m 3,
c = 0.38 kJ/kg 0C, k = 370 W/m 0C and h = 90 W/m2 0C.
8 a) Write short note on transient heat conduction. L1 4M
b) A steel ingot (large in size) heated uniformly to 745 0C is hardened by L4 6M
quenching it in an oil bath maintained at 20 0C. Determine the length of time
required for the temperature to reach 595 0C at a depth of 12 mm. The ingot
may be approximated as a flat plate. For steel ingot take α(thermal
diffusivity) = 1.2x10-5 m2/s.
9 a) Sketch various types of fins. Give examples of use of fins in various L3 5M
engineering applications
b) Calculate the amount of energy required to solder together two very long L4 5M
pieces of bare copper wire 1.5 mm diameter with solder that melts at 190 0C.
The wires are positioned vertically in air at 20 0C. Assume that the heat
transfer coefficient on the wire surface is 20 W/m2 0C and thermal
conductivity of wire alloy is 330 W/m 0C.
10 a) Explain the fin effectiveness and fin efficiency L2 5M
b) A longitudinal copper fin (k = 380 W/m 0C) 600 mm long and 5 mm L4 5M
diameter is exposed to air stream at 20 0C. The convective heat transfer
coefficient is 20 W/ m2 0C. If the fin base temperature is 150 0C, determine
i. The heat transferred, and
ii. The efficiency of the fin
UNIT –III
Convection
1 Explain hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer with reference to flow L2 10M
over flat plate.
2 a) What is convective heat transfer? Distinguish between free and forced L1 5M
convection
b) Derive the expression for Reynolds number and how flows are determined L3 5M
by Reynolds number?
3 Air at 20 0C and at a pressure of 1 bar is flowing over a flat plate at a L4 10M
velocity of 3 m/s. If the plate is 280 mm wide and at 56 0C. Calculate the
following quantities at x = 280 mm, given that properties of air at the bulk
0
mean temperature C are ρ = 1.1374 kg/m3, k = 0.02732 W/m
0
C, cp = 1.005 kJ/kg K, υ = 16.76x10-6 m2/s, Pr = 0.7
i. Boundary layer thickness
ii. Local friction coefficient
iii. Average friction coefficient
iv. Thickness of the boundary layer
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HEAT TRANSFER QUESTION BANK 2019-20
v. Local convective heat transfer
vi. Average convective heat transfer
vii. Rate of heat transfer by convection
4 a) What is the physical significance of the Nusselt number? How is it defined L1 4M
b) Assuming that a man can be represented by a cylinder 350 mm in diameter L4 6M
and 1.65 m high with a surface temperature of 28 0C. Calculate the heat he
would lose while standing in a 30 km/h wind at 12 0C.
5 a) Define Nusselt number, Prandtl number and their significance. L1 4M
b) Air stream at 24 0C is flowing at 0.4 m/s across a 100 W bulb at 130 0C. If L4 6M
the bulb is approximately by a 65 mm diameter sphere. Calculate
i. The heat transfer rate,
ii. The percentage of power lost due to convection
6 In a straight tube of 60 mm diameter, water is flowing at a velocity of 12 L4 10M
m/s. The tube surface temperature is maintained at 70 0C and the following
water is heated from the inlet temperature 15 0C to an outlet temperature of
45 0C. taking the physical properties of water at its mean bulk temperature,
Calculate the following:
i. The heat transfer coefficient from the tube surface to the water
ii. The heat transferred iii. The length of the tube
7 a) Mention the empirical correlation of free convection L3 4M
b) A vertical cylinder 1.5m high and 180mm in diameter is maintained at 1000C L4 6M
in an atmosphere environment of 20 0C. Calculate heat loss by free
convection from the surface of the cylinder. Assume properties of air at
mean temperature as ρ = 1.06 kg/m3,ν = 18.97 x 10-6 m2/s, cp = 1.004
kJ/kg0C and k = 0.1042kJ/mh0C
8 a) Mention correlation for flow over a horizontal plate L3 5M
b) A horizontal plate measuring 1.5 m x 1.1 m and at 215 0C, taking upward is L4 5M
placed in still air at 25 0C. Calculate the heat loss by natural convection. The
convective film coefficient for free convection is given by the following
empirical relation h = 3.05(Tf)1/4 W/m2 0C. where Tf is the mean film
temperature in degree Kelvin
9 a) Mention correlation for across bank of tubes. L3 4M
b) A cylinder body of 300 mm diameter and 1.6 m height is maintained at a L4 6M
constant temperature of 36.5 oC. The surrounding temperature is 13.5 oC.
Find out the amount of heat to be generated by the body per hour if ρ = 1.025
kg/m3,ν = 15.06 x 10-6 m2/s, cp = 0.96 kJ/kg0C and k = 0.0892 kJ/mh0C and
β=1/298 K-1. Assume Nu=0.12([Link])1/3.
10 Calculate the heat transfer from a 60 W in candescent bulb at 115 0C to L4 10M
ambient air at 25 0C. Assuming the bulb as a sphere of 50 mm diameter.
Also, find the percentage of power lost by free convection. The correlation is
given by: Nu = 0.60 ([Link])1/4.
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HEAT TRANSFER QUESTION BANK 2019-20
UNIT –IV
Phase Change Heat Transfer and Heat Exchangers
1 a) Differentiate between the mechanism of filmwise and dropwise L3 5M
condensation
b) Explain briefly the condensation mechanism on the vertical plate L2 5M
2 Explain briefly the various regimes of saturated pool boiling with diagram L3 10M
3 a) Mention correlation in boiling with proper expression L3 5M
b) Mention correlation in condensation with proper expression L3 5M
4 Saturated steam at tsat = 90 0C (P= 70.14 kPa) condenses on the outer surface L4 10M
of a 1.5 m long 2.5 m OD vertical tube maintained at a uniform temperature
t∞ = 70 0C. Assuming film condensation. Calculate
i). The local transfer coefficient at the bottom of the tube, and
ii). The average heat transfer coefficient over the entire length of the tube.
Properties of water of 80 0C, ρl = 974 kg/m3, kt = 0.668 W/mK, µl =
0.335x103 kg/m3, hfg = 2309 kJ/kg, ρv << ρl
5 a) What are the applications of boiling and condensation process? L1 4M
b) A vertical tube of 60 mm outside diameter and 1.2 m long is exposed to L4 6M
steam at atmospheric pressure. The outer surface of the tube is maintained at
a temperature of 50 0C by circulated cold water through the tube. Calculate
the following
i). The rate of heat transfer to the coolant, and
ii). The rate of condensation of steam
6 a) What is heat exchanger? L1 3M
b) How are heat exchangers classified explain with neat diagram L2 7M
7 a) Derive the expression for Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference L3 5M
(LMTD) in case of parallel flow
b) Derive the expression for Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference L3 5M
(LMTD) in case of counter flow
8 The flow rate of hot and cold water streams running through a parallel flow L4 10M
heat exchanger are 0.2 kg/s and 0.5 kg/s respectively. The inlet temperatures
on the hot and cold sides are 75 0C and 20 0C respectively. The exit
temperature of hot water is 45 0C. If the individual heat transfer coefficients
on the both sides are 650 W/m2 0C, calculate the area of heat exchanger.
9 a) Draw the boiling curve of the water and explain. L3 4M
b) In a certain double pipe heat exchanger hot water flow at a rate of 5000 kg/h L4 6M
and gas cooled from 95 0C to 65 0C. At the same time 50000 kg/h of cooling
water at 30 0C enters the heat exchanger. The flow conditions are that
L4overall heat transfer coefficient remains constant at 2270 W/m2 K.
Determine the heat transfer area required and the effectiveness, assuming
two streams are in parallel flow. Assume for the both the streams cp = 4.2
kJ/kg K
10 a) Distinguish between Boiling and Condensation L3 4M
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HEAT TRANSFER QUESTION BANK 2019-20
b) Two fluids A and B exchange heat in a counter-current heat exchanger. L4 6M
Fluid A enters at 420 0C and has a mass flow rate of 1 kg/s. Fluid B enters at
20 0C and has a mass flow rate of 1 kg/s. Effectiveness of heat exchanger is
75 %. Determine: i). The heat transfer rate
ii). The exit temperature of fluid B.
Specific heat of fluid A is 1 kJ/kg and that of fluid B is 4 kJ/kg K.
UNIT –V
Radiation
1 a) Define Radiation heat transfer L1 5M
b) Define the term absorptivity, reflectivity and transmittivity of radiation L1 5M
2 a) State the following law: L1 5M
i) Wien’s displacement law ii) Stefan Boltzmann law
b) State the following law: L1 5M
i) Krichhoff’s law ii) Planck’s law
3 a) What is black body ? How is differ from a gray body ? L1 4M
b) The effective temperature of the body having an area of 0.12 m2 is 527 oC. L4 6M
Calculate the following
i) The total rate of energy emission
ii) The wave length of maximum monochromatic emissive power
4 Calculate the following for an industrial furnace in the form of a black body L4 10M
and emitting radiation at 2500 oC.
i) Monochromatic emissive power at 1.2 µm length
ii) Wave length at which the emissive is maximum
iii) Maximum emissive power
iv) Total emissive power
v) Total emissive power of the furnace if its assumed as a real surface with
emissivity equal to 0.9
5 a) Define Shape factor and mention salient features of its. L1 4M
b) Mention the shape factor’s fact and properties for specific geometries and L3 6M
for the analysis of radiant relation exchange between surfaces.
6 a) The radiation shape factor the circular surface of a thin hollow cylinder of L4 10M
10 cm diameter and 10 cm length is 0.1716. What is the shape factor of the
curved surface of the cylinder with respect to itself.
7 a) Discuss electrical network analogy for thermal radiation system L3 5M
b) Write short note on radiation shields L1 5M
8 Calculate the net radiant exchange per m2 area for two large parallel plates L4 10M
at temperature at 427 oC and 27 oC respectively. ε (hot plate)=0.9 and ε
(cold plate)=0.6. If a polished aluminium shield is placed between them,
find the percentage reduction in the heat transfer, ε(shield)=0.4
9 a) Determine the radiant heat exchanger in W/m2 between two large parallel L4 5M
steel plates of emissivities 0.8 and 0.5 held at temperature of 1000 K and
500 K respectively, if a thin copper plate of emissivity 0.1 is introduced as a
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HEAT TRANSFER QUESTION BANK 2019-20
radiation shield between the two plates. Use σ= 5.67x10-8 W/m2K4.
b) Assuming the sun to be a black body emitting radiation with maximum L4 5M
intensity at λ = 0.49 µm, Calculate the following
i). The surface temperature of the sun
ii). The heat flux at surface of the sun
10 Consider two large parallel plates one at t1 = 727 oC with emissivity ε1 = 0.8 L4 10M
and other t2 = 227 oC with emissivity ε2 = 0.4. An aluminium radiation
shield with an emissivity, εs = 0.05 on both side is placed between the
plates. Calculate the percentage reduction in heat transfer rate between the
plates as result of the shield. Use σ= 5.67x10-8 W/m2K4.
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