DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM(SEP)
III SEM [Link] (2025)
Unit-I
Introduction to Databases: Database, Characteristics of database approach. Database users.
Data models. Database schema. Database architecture. Data independence, interfaces, and
classification of DBMS. Advantages of using DBMS. E-R Model: Entity-Relationship
model:
E-R Model Concepts: Entity, Entity types, Entity sets, Attributes, Types of attributes, key
attribute, and domain of an attribute. Relationships between the entities. Relationship types,
roles and structural constraints, degree and cardinality ratio of a relationship. Weak entity
types, E -R diagram.
Unit-II
Relational Data Model: Relational model concepts, characteristics of relations. Relational
model constraints, Domain constrains, key constraints, primary and foreign key constraints,
integrity constraints and null values. SQL: Introduction to SQL, Data types, Types of
database
languages, DDL, DML, DCL, TCL, Aggregate functions, grouping, nested sub queries,
views.
Unit-III
Relational Algebra: Basic Relational Algebra operations. Set theoretical operations on
relations, Join Operation. Data Normalization: Anomalies in relational database design.
Decomposition. Functional dependencies. Types of normal form, first, second and third
normal form. Boyce-Codd normal form. PL/SQL, Introduction, Data types, Syntax of
PL/SQL, Variables, Constants, Operators, If and Case statements, Looping, Exception
handling, Cursors, Functions, Packages.
Unit-IV
Query Processing Transaction Management: Introduction Transaction Processing. Single
user
& multiuser systems. Transactions: read & write operations. Need of concurrency control:
The lost update problem, Dirty read problem. Types of failures. Transaction states. Desirable
properties (ACID properties) of Transactions. Concurrency Control Techniques: Locks and
Time stamp Ordering. Deadlock & Starvation.
CAMBRIDGE COLLEGE 1
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM(SEP)
III SEM [Link] (2025)
ASSIGNMENT 1
E-R Model: Entity-Relationship model:
ASSIGNEMENT 2
Types of normal form, first, second and third normal form. Boyce-Codd normal form
CAMBRIDGE COLLEGE 2
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM(SEP)
III SEM [Link] (2025)
CAMBRIDGE COLLEGE 3