Verbal-Reasoning

(Inferences AND Conclusions)

Directions for questions 1 and 5: Choose the set of three statements that makes a logical
sequence.

1. (a) Chocolate causes Acne. (b) Chocolates are good for health.
(c) Teenage girls eat lots of chocolate (d) Teenage girls love chocolates.
(e) Acne occurs in teenage. (f) Teenage girls are most likely to have acne.

[A] cfa [B] eac [C] bde [D] None of these

2. (a) Bush is a dolphin. (b) Some dolphins are mammals

(c) All dolphins are mammals. (d) Bush is a mammal.
(e) Mammals can fly. (f) Bush can’t fly.

[A] def [B] cad [C] adc [D] bad

3. (a) Socrates is mortal. (b) Some human beings are mortals.

(c) Human beings are immortal. (d) Socrates is not mortal.
(e) All human beings are mortals (f) Socrates is a human being.

[A] bfd [B] cbf [C] ecd [D] fea

4. (a) All men are football fans. (b) Some men are foot ball fans.
(c) Jerry is a woman. (d) Some women are foot ball fans.
(e) Jerry is a man (f) Jerry is a foot ball fan.

[A] adc [B] afe [C] aef [D] bde

5. (a) All Americans read books. (b) All Floridians are Americans.
(c) Some Floridians may not read books. (d) Some Floridians are Americans.
(e)Many Americans read books. (f) Floridians don't read books,

[A] cda [B] abc [C] ebc [D] fab

Directions for questions 6 to 17: Each of the following questions has four sets of
statements, each set containing three statements. Mark the option that identifies all such
sets in which the third statement can be logically concluded from the first two
statements.

6. (A) Some lethal things are not toys. All lethal things are guns. Some guns are not toys.
(B) Some buses are not CNG users. Some buses are city-operated. Some city-operated
buses are not CNG users.
(C) Some students are not happy. No greedy persons are happy. Some greedy persons are
students.
(D) Cars are expensive. Cars are fast. Some fast things are expensive.

[A] Only A [B] Only B [C] Only C [ D] A & D

7 (A) An average lesson is better than a good lesson. A poor lesson is better than an average
lesson. A poor lesson is better than a good lesson.
(B) Girls love ice creams. Boys love chocolates. Girls don't love chocolates.
(C) Some swans are mice. No priests are mice. Some priests are swans.
(D) All dancing is singing. Some singing is playing. All playing is dancing.

[A] Only D [B] A & C [C] Only A [D] Only B

8. (A) All elastic bars are flexible things. No rigid levers are flexible things. Rigid levers are
not elastic bars.
(B) No aliens are men. Some men are comets. Some comets are not aliens
(C) Smart workers are mostly clever. I am a smart worker. I am clever.
(D) Some nightmares are not tigers. No tigers are nuns. All nuns are nightmares.

[A] Only C [B] Only A [C] A & B [D] Only B

9. (A) No fairies are ministers. No ministers are kids. Some kids are not fairies.
(B) Most of my friends don't watch movies. Suman is my friend. So Suman doesn't watch
movies.
(C)Women are better managers than men. Jerry is not as good a manager as Jimmy.
Jerry is not a woman.
(D) All great novels are great art. All great art is moving and meaningful. Moby-Dick, a
great novel is moving and meaningful.

[A] Only A [B] Only D [C] C & D [D] Only B

10. (A) All rhinos are mammals. All mammals are animals. All rhinos are animals.
(B) All swans are white, Some birds are swans. Sorne birds are white.
(C) No rabbits are cats. No turtles are rabbits. No turtles are cats.
(D) No books are conscious. No spoons are books. No spoons are conscious

[A] Only D [B] Only B [C] Only C [D] A & B

11. (A) Some professors are not married. All husbands are married. Some husbands are not
professors.
(B) All students are teapots. Our dog is a teapot. Our dog is a student.
(C) Some birds are not dreams. Some birds are caterpillars. All caterpillars are dreams.
(D) All tigers snakes. All monkeys are tigers. All monkeys are snakes.

[A] Only C [B]Only A [C] Only D [D] Only B

12. (A) Some X can be Y. All X must be Z. Some Z can be Y

(B) Some A are not B. No B are C. No A can be C
(C) All M are P. All Q are M. All Q are P.
(D) No H is I. No I is J. Some J are H.
[A] Only A [B] Only C [C] A & C [D] A & D

13. (A) Some relatives are not jets. No swans are jets. Some swans are relatives.
(B) Some birds are lions. Some birds are not fruits. No fruits are lions.
(C) No siblings are villages. All villages are shepherds. No shepherds are sibling ■
(D) No fish are poets. All salmon are fish. No salmon are poets.

[A] Only A [B] Only D [C] Only C [D] Only B

14. A. Some Xs are Ps. Some Ps are Ys. Some Xs are Ys.
B. All Sonas are bright. Some bright are crazy. Some Sonas are crazy.
C. No faith is strong. Only strong have biceps. No faith has biceps.
D. All men are weak. Some weak are strong. Some strong are weak.

[A] A and D [B] C only [C] D only [D] None of these

15.. A. Some tri-cycles are cycles. All cycles are vehicles. Some tri-cycles are vehicles.
B. All girls are teeth. No teeth is yellow. No girls are yellow.
C. No hand is foot. Some foot are heads. Some hands are heads.
D. Every man has a wife. All wives are devoted. No devoted has

[A] B & C [B] A & B [C] C & B [D] A, B, C & D

16. A. No sun is not white. All moon is sun. All moon is white.
B. All windows are open. No open space is closed. All window is closed space.
C. No German can fire. All Americans bombard. Both, Germans and Americans can
fight
D. No X is Z. No Z is Y. No X is Y.

[A] A only [B] B only [C] C only [D] D only

17. A. All Os are oval. All ovals are circular. All Os are circular.
B. Some fat are elongated. Some elongated things are huge. Some fat are huge
C. Idiots are bumblers. Bumblers fumble. Idiots fumble.
D. Water is good for health. Health foods are rare. Water is rare.

[A] D only [B]C only [C] Both A and C [D] All of these

Directions for questions 18 to 20: In each question, four statements follow an opening
statement. Choose the option that indicates the sequence(s) of statements that can
logically follow the opening statement.
18. No film stars are given any awards.
A. He is a film star. B. He was given an award.
C. He is not a film star. D. He was not given any award.
A] BC B] CA C] DA D] CB
19. No footballers are given the Noble prize.

A. He is a footballer. B. He was given the Noble prize.

C. He is not a footballer. D. He was not given the Noble prize.
[A] BC [B] CA [C] DA [D]CB

20. Ex-cricketers can be called upon to coach.

A. He was called to coach. B. He is an ex-cricketer.

C. He is not an ex-cricketer. D. He was not called to coach.

[A] BD [B] BA [C]DC [D] None of these

Answers

1. [D] cfa is not correct, though teenage girls eat lots of chocolates it is not proved
that chocolate causes acne.

2. . [B] All dolphins are mammals (c) and Bush is a dolphin (a), so Bush is a mammal
(d). dac is not right since Bush is a dolphin and Bush is a mammal, it doesn’t
prove that all dolphins are mammals.

3. . [D] Socrates is a human being (f) and all human being are mortals (e), so Socrates
is mortal (a). bfd may not be correct because it says some men are mortals and
Socrates is a man, so he may or may not be mortal.

4. [C] All men are foot ball fans (a), and Jerry is a man (e), so obviously being a man
Jerry is a foot ball fan (f). afe may not be correct because all men are foot ball
fans, Jerry is a foot ball fan, but this doesn’t mean that Jerry is a man, he may
also be a woman.

5. [C] Many Americans read books (e) and all Floridians are Americans (b), so there
is a possibility that Floridians might read books. abc is not correct because all Americans
read books and Floridians are Americans, so we should conclude that all Floridians read
books; here we can’t conclude with a possibility of may/might.

6. [D] Some lethal things are not toys, and all lethal things are guns, so some lethal
things/guns are not toys. Cars are expensive and cars are fast, so some fast things
are expensive.
7. [C] A poor lesson is better than a good lesson because a poor lesson is better than an
average lesson, and an average lesson is better than a good lesson.

8. [C] No aliens are men and some men are comets, it is possible that some comets
(who are men) are not aliens.

9. [B] All great novels are great art and all great art is moving and meaningful. Moby-
Dick being a great novel should be a great art and all great art is moving and
meaningful, therefore Moby-Dick is moving and meaningful.

10. [D] All rhinos are mammals and all mammals are animals, so all rhinos are animals.
All swans are white and some birds are swans, so those birds which are swans are
white, hence some birds are white.

11. [C] Since all monkeys are tigers and all tigers are snakes, all monkeys are snakes.

12. [C] Since all X are Z and some X can be Y, some Z can be Y. Since all M are P and
all Q are M, obviously all Q are P.

13. [B] No fish are poets and all salmon are fish, so no salmon can be poets.

14. [B] If only strong have biceps and no faith is strong, it can be inferred that no faith
has biceps. In A, X and Y may or may not overlap; hence, no definite conclusion
can be made. Similarly, in B, the Sona and crazy sets may not overlap. D offers
no logical inference.

15. [B] Atleast those tri-cycles which are cycles are vehicles and hence, A is a logically
correct sequence. In B, if no teeth is yellow, no girl can be yellow, since all girls
are teeth.

16. [A] If no sun is not white, it implies that all sun is white. All moon is sun, so it
follows that all moon is white.
17. [C] If all Os are oval and all ovals are circular, it follows that all Os are circular.
Hence, A is a logical sequence. Also, if idiots are bumblers and bumblers fumble,
it follows that idiots fumble. Hence, C is also a logical sequence.

18. [A] No film stars are given any awards means that anyone who gets an award cannot
be a film star but this does not imply that all those who are not film stars get
awards.

19. [A] No footballers are given the Noble prize means that anyone who gets Noble prize
cannot be a footballer but this does not imply that all those who are not
footballers get Noble prize.

20. [D] Ex-cricketers can be called to coach does not mean only ex-cricketers are called
to coach or that all ex-cricketers are called to coach.