“A World of Difference”

The Recognized World Leader in Heat Pipe

Dehumidification and Energy Recovery

Mailing Address: 4340 North East 49th Avenue, Gainesville, Florida 32609
E-mail: heatpipe@[Link]
[Link]
TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. General Information

Who to Contact at HPT

Introduction

Heat Pipes--Overview

II. Heat Pipe Applications and Products

A. Commercial/Industrial

1. Dinh ® Dehumidifier Heat Pipes -- The DHP TM Series

1.1 Custom Wrap-Around Heat Pipes

1.2 U-Framed Heat Pipes

1.3 Drop-In Combo CoilsTM

1.4 Controllable Heat Pipes

2. Commercial/Industrial Dehumidifiers -- The BKPTM Series

3. Heat Exchanger and Heat Recovery Heat Pipes -- The 3-D Series

B. Light Commercial/Residential

1. Dehumidifier Heat Pipes/Evaporator Coils -- The Z-CoilsTM

2. Modular Dehumidifier Air Handlers -- The AHR Series

3. Flat Heat Pipes for Duct Installations -- The RDHPTM Series

4. Waste Heat Recovery for Free Hot Water -- The Hot PlatesTM

5. Duct Air Dryers -- The DADTM Series

WHO TO CONTACT AT HPT

Office & Plant: Tel: (352) 367-0999 Toll free: (800) 393-3464
Fax: (352) 367-1688
E-mail: heatpipe@[Link]

CEO/President: Khanh Dinh Kdinh@[Link]

Executive VP/CFO: Giang Dinh
Executive VP/COO: Peter Johnson Johnson@[Link]

Reception:
Receptionist Claudette Weggeland
Secretary/Receptionist Diane Ward

Sales and Engineering:

VP of Engineering Bill Schweikle Schweikle@[Link]
VP of Sales Mazen Awad Awad@[Link]
Regional Sales Manager Hank Cousineau Hankc@[Link]
Application Engineering Manager Charlie Myers Myers@[Link]
Application Engineer Gary Sinkus Sinkus@[Link]
Application Engineer James Stephens Stephens@[Link]
National Residential Sales Manager Chuck Yount Residential@[Link]
Web Designer Anchalee Phataralaoha Anchalee@[Link]

Production:
Production Manager Leon Cason

Research and Development:

R&D Manager Thang Dinh Thang@[Link]
CAD/CAM Ronnie Wilkins Rwilkins@[Link]
Chief Technician Jim Farber Farber@[Link]
Support Thao Ly

Administration:
Purchasing Marlene Leddick
Shipping Greg Smith

All members of the staff may be reached via E-mail at heatpipe@[Link].

th
Mailing Address: 4340 NE 49 Avenue l Gainesville, Florida 32609 l USA
[Link]
INTRODUCTION

Heat Pipe Technology, Inc.

Heat Pipe Technology, Inc. was founded by president and inventor Khanh Dinh in 1982. With funding
from private investors and a grant from the Department of Energy, HPT began research on a new use for
heat pipes, a passive heat transfer device previously used in many various applications ranging from
orbiting satellites to the Alaskan Pipeline ground spikes. By applying heat pipes to standard air
conditioning coil systems, the dehumidification performance and efficiency was greatly enhanced, with no
increase in energy use. For the application of heat pipes to HVAC, Khanh Dinh received the first of 17 US
patents.

Projects to follow proved the technology could be applied on any scale, while being commercially viable
and practical to implement. While humidity control became a widely recognized requirement for indoor air
quality in all modern buildings, heat pipes were proving to be one of the most cost effective and efficient
methods of dehumidification in the world.

With a staff of talented mechanical engineers and a specialized team of installation experts, HPT began
installing patented Dinh® Dehumidifier Heat Pipes in thousands of locations around the world. The client
list grew to include many high profile locations such as Walt Disney World, The Kennedy Space Center
and the Salvador Dali Museum, as well as numerous restaurants, premier hotels, supermarkets and
schools. Applications have ranged from 2 to 230 ton systems.

In addition to the applications of HPT technology outlined in this manual, recent license agreements with
General Electric and International Environmental Corporation are bringing heat pipes to PTAC and fan
coil mass production for in-room units. Other licenses include Mitsubishi (Japan), TECO (Taiwan) and
S&P Coil (UK). Heat Pipe Technology has 17 US patents, and 6 foreign patents available to license.
HPT has several OEMs already in place specializing in various industries, including Season’s 4, Applied
Air Systems (Canada), Tropic-Kool Engineering and Octagon Air.

Today, HPT manufactures heat pipes for dehumidification and energy recovery for many diverse HVAC
applications. In addition to the custom and retrofit designs, HPT makes the world famous BKP Series
packaged dehumidifiers, offering the tremendous performance benefits of heat pipes. For 1999, HPT is
bringing to market an entirely new line of fresh air machines for commercial and light industrial
applications.

HPT is represented worldwide by 65 independent engineering firms as of January 1999. Call for the name
of a representative in your area: (352) 367-0999.

The Heat Pipe Principle

Having first been invented near the turn of the century, the heat pipe is not in itself a new invention.
Early heat pipes were constructed out of hollow metal tubes which were sealed at both ends, vacuumed
and charged with a small quantity of evaporative fluid. They contained a "wick" to transport the fluid from
one end of the heat pipe to the other.
Relying on the energy absorbed and released from the phase-change of the fluid, the hollow heat pipe
allowed an extremely fast heat transfer. Heat applied to one end of the pipe would almost
instantaneously evaporate the fluid inside. This vapor would then move to the other, colder end of the
pipe where it quickly condensed back into a liquid, releasing the heat absorbed during the evaporation.

Recent Heat Pipe Development

Modern heat pipes are able to transfer heat several thousand times faster than a solid copper rod.
However, the applications for heat pipes have been limited in the past due to its construction expense.
The requirement for separate pipes, and interior capillary wicks, has traditionally kept the cost of heat
pipes too high for all but the most exotic applications. Additionally, wick materials did not last very long.

Khanh Dinh, the founder of Heat Pipe Technology, Inc., revolutionized the construction of heat pipes in
the early 1980's and he was granted the first of several heat pipe patents in 1986. The methods he
developed brought the cost of the company's patented heat pipes down to a commercially affordable
level. His first patent also disclosed a new and previously undiscovered use for heat pipes, namely, using
them to increase the efficiency and dehumidification capability of air conditioning systems.

The Discovery of Heat Pipe Dehumidification

In 1983, before the founding of Heat Pipe Technology, Inc., Khanh Dinh conceived of a method for
applying heat pipes to an air conditioning system. He built a prototype, which included a heat pipe
arrangement that would later become the company's patented dehumidification heat pipe technology.
The initial testing indicated that the heat pipe dramatically improved the performance of the evaporator
coil for dehumidification.

Dinh's research led to a Technology Utilization contract with NASA. The potential of the technology was
also recognized by the Department of Energy's (DOE) award in 1991 through a grant for bringing the heat
pipe technology to public awareness.

Heat Pipes for Dehumidification & Energy Recovery

In an air conditioning system, the colder the air becomes as it passes over the cooling coil, the more
moisture is condensed out. HPT heat-pipes wrap around the evaporator coil, with one part of the heat
pipe in the return air stream and the other part in the supply air stream. Warm incoming air is precooled
by the evaporator (precool) section of the heat pipes. The air is then cooled further (overcooled) by the
cooling coil for more moisture extraction. Next, air is passively heated back up by the condenser (reheat)
section of the heat pipes to lower the relative humidity. The supply air from the system now has much
lower moisture content and lower relative humidity.
TM
The above design is used in our packaged dehumidifier line BKP Series. This makes HPT
dehumidifiers the most efficient in the business.

While consuming no energy, the heat pipe precooling effect allows the cooling coil to operate at a lower
temperature, considerably increasing the moisture removal capabilities of the system. With lower
humidity, the indoor air becomes more comfortable at higher thermostat settings, resulting in net energy
savings.

Heat pipes are also used to recover energy as heat exchangers between supply and exhaust air streams.
With no moving parts and no tilt mechanism needed, HPT 3-D energy recovery modules have distinct
advantages over the competitors and other technologies.
The Markets for Heat Pipe Technology
HPT's advances in heat pipes have opened many large markets with a wide variety of applications. The
commercial and industrial applications include, but are not limited to, medical and health facilities, schools,
supermarkets, restaurants, libraries and archives, warehouses, hotels, public and commercial buildings, and
high-tech facilities.

In 1989, the company began designing and installing commercial heat pipe systems used for dehumidification
and passive cooling. Early installations included cooling systems for government radar and satellite tracking
stations, heat recovery for buildings using outside air, and resolution of building humidity problems.

By 1990, the company had discovered the huge market that exists for commercial HVAC dehumidification
systems. The company began performing market research and working closely with a number of utility
companies, specifying engineers, and national restaurant chains to install, test and monitor the heat pipes.
The results were very favorable and the technology became the centerfold of numerous presentations at
workshops and seminars.

Since then, the growth of heat pipe acceptance has become apparent with numerous installations.

Opportunities in Commercial Applications

There are many applications for the company's patented technology. Commercial markets are extremely
®
receptive to the dehumidification products. Below is a partial listing of the commercial applications for Dinh
Dehumidifier Heat Pipes as well as some of HPT's recent commercial retrofit projects.

Bakeries Film Processing & Drying Mini Storage

Candy Manufacturers Food Manufacturers Museums/Archives
Cleanrooms Health Care Office Buildings
Clothing Manufacturers Hospitals Paper Manufacturers
Computer Rooms Hotel/Motel Print Shops
Convenience Stores Injection Molding Supermarkets
Educational Facilities Laboratories Swimming Pool Enclosures
Electronic Assembly Libraries Textile Manufactures
Fast Food Restaurants Machine Shops Warehouses
HEAT PIPES FOR DEHUMIDIFICATION

Overview
Heat pipes are the most effective passive method of transferring heat available today. In their simplest
form, a heat pipe is a sealed tube containing a phase-change fluid. The best heat pipes are usually made
of copper, although stainless steel may be used for high temperature applications. Different working
fluids are used to suit various temperature ranges. In the case of heat pipes for HVAC applications,
commercially available refrigerants are normally used as the working fluid. When applied to one end of
the heat pipe, heat boils the inside fluid causing it to change phase from liquid to gas. This vaporization
process absorbs large amounts of heat. Vapor then travels to the other end of the heat pipe, where the
lower temperature causes the working fluid to condense. Fluid return is normally accomplished by gravity
mechanism. Condensation of the working fluid releases the heat absorbed in the evaporation phase
resulting in heat transfer from the heat pipe hot end to the heat pipe cold end.

Heat pipes can transfer heat with as little as one degree F of temperature difference between one end
and the other.

Passive HPT heat pipes do not need a circulating pump to operate and have no operating cost except for
a nominal increase in static pressure. They have no moving parts to malfunction or to be maintained.
HPT controllable heat pipes are passive with no moving parts except for solenoid valves.

HPT manufactures heat pipes for both dehumidifying and energy recovery applications.

Basic Heat Pipe Structure Diagram

C A traditional heat pipe is a hollow cylinder filled with a vaporizable

liquid.

D A. Heat is absorbed in the evaporating section.

B. Fluid boils to vapor phase.

C. Heat is released from the upper part of cylinder to the

environment; vapor condenses to liquid phase.

D. Liquid returns by gravity or capilarity to the evaporating section.

B

A
HEAT PIPES AND AIR CONDITIONING

Air Conditioning in a Hot and Humid Climate

Standard
Cooling Coil

Hot and Very Humid Air Over-Humid Air

Some Moisture
Removed

Overcooling to Remove Excess Humidity

Oversized
Cooling Coil

Hot and Very Humid Air Over-cooled Air

More Moisture
Removed

Reheating Overcooled Air to Comfortable Condition

Oversized
Cooling Coil

Heater

80°F / 70%RH 50°F / 97%RH 60°F / 67%RH

Hot & Humid Over-cooled Dry and

Comfortable

More Moisture
Removed
Using Heat Pipes to Improve Efficiency / Moisture Removal Capacity

60°F / 67%RH 50°F / 97%RH

Dry and Over-cooled

Comfortable

Standard
Cooling Coil

80°F / 70%RH 70°F

Hot & Humid

Heat Pipe
More Moisture
Removed

 Dehumidifier Heat Pipe Principle”

“The Dinh

COOLING
COIL

80°F 70°F 50°F 60°F / 67%RH

97%RH

PRECOOL REHEAT

More Moisture
Removed
 Heat Pipe Dehumidification

Precool Reheat

Increased Condensate

Note: The above diagram shows only one circuit. Typically heat pipe systems are comprised of multiple
circuits. Actual heat pipe installations may differ from the above.
COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS

• The DHP Series

Dehumidifier Heat PipesTM
DHP - Standard Wrap-Around Dehumidifier Heat Pipes
DHP-U - U-Framed Dehumidifier Heat Pipes
DHP-B - Combo Coils
DHP-C - Controllable Dehumidifier Heat Pipes
DHP-M - Monoflat Heat Pipes

TM
• The BKP Series
Commercial/Industrial Dehumidifiers
Model BKP 100-1000
Model BKP 250-1000 -AC

• The 3-D Series

Heat Exchangers and Energy Recovery Heat Pipes
HRM Models