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The document discusses the preparation of haloalkanes from alkanes through substitution reactions, detailing the reactivity of different alkane types and the conditions required for these reactions. It also covers the addition of HX to alkenes, the stability of free radicals, and various methods for synthesizing halogenated compounds. Additionally, it highlights the importance of reaction conditions and the influence of factors such as temperature and the presence of catalysts.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
19 views8 pagesCam Scanner
The document discusses the preparation of haloalkanes from alkanes through substitution reactions, detailing the reactivity of different alkane types and the conditions required for these reactions. It also covers the addition of HX to alkenes, the stability of free radicals, and various methods for synthesizing halogenated compounds. Additionally, it highlights the importance of reaction conditions and the influence of factors such as temperature and the presence of catalysts.
Uploaded by
madhavj907Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
' [Preparation of Hoboalkanes
@ From alkanes > By Substitution of H by hellogon -
@ Chlorinal™s occur im liffuseel Burl on ad 250 —He0% 40 give .
winture of poly hedlogon clertva bver :
4¢hjuy 4Ch/wy tClefov.
Cy Sales, CHC eeloy Chet, pyar? SNCs Tyrer” Ccly
=Her
+ IF Clty iw exco, meno 3. Uchlevo prod: Ave inmsjoY Gmourt.
eIp Ch wo, ated Ft bee
+ Not geod wetled te prepared Pure haloolkame an we
get ix ef Haloalkarer (Poly halo clerivalive of Alkere)
+ Free Rocticad Substitution Ren occur ar happen in Auntight.
* Reactivi by of 3° Alkane > 2° Alkane > 1° Alkane.
_ “ Fr > Ch > & > Te
+enlow. ¢ ¢
CHACHCH, JS c-c-C FC
Propane ees acktoye prepame
Bx .
Lt8m/e . c-c-é + ¢-€-¢
bBrewo 2-Bremo brupawe 957
+ Haghn alkanes On elLorinel” give wux of alt powible as
halo denivalives of alkane -
ce a
CHyCH, CH-CHts —talew, C-o-c4 + c~e nde,
-cboro|
cH, Prehtene 2 Bett Hs awe thal
2-Methyl bulane ce se
iso bewtomne cC-c-c-¢ 4+ CH" ~o-e
‘3 Cs
2- chLoro emia \ ~chtovs-3-metlig!
UD) Brew nalien! occur at Zoo -Yoor
3o00¢
Shy +t By => CHye Br + HBr
BaD have, CR
Sra ele ae a oe
ee ap ae
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(©) _Loctination? Th (2 newnrihbe an H-I no forwec! ba
cA, + LS CHl * HAT
* To rea CHT + tn pre ‘event beackusond xu
Ho
remove WT trem Tan mix: ae barkwared Tx +
SHI + HIO; —~> 37. + 2420
She + 2UHNOs —y FT2 ¢ 2IVOD. + 2H,0
@_ Flaorindion 1 Wghly exothermic , fast # @rplosive +0
mot Aucces full or Gerried.
k Gane of FSurblution of Benaylicl Allytcd> 3° > 2°> > VingtyAyt
Tn Sunlyghl, Benzybe # AMylc free radicals ane formed which
ane Stable dnc te Yeronente Ao form earber than 3°, 2°1° freerad:
CH, = CH et, <—— > én, — CH=CH
aa A co A se
mom 7 ed ti— ee Co
—_
@_ from Alkene? By addition of HX be alkene:
co) Symmebucal alkeve t ¢
Cte) CH=CH, + Hel —— fe CH, (Chloe ethane)
CncH=cuch, Se Chip CH CHECH.
ar 2-Byemebuteme
(1) In Untumn- Allene: Hix add accovdrna tp Meankoumikoy |
Reactivity of HT H-Ox> H-Ce > HE
Teachers Signature :
Scanned with CamScanner rz
2 oe
Hee zr “cH, fF CHsCHy~ Ch
~ CH,CH =CH, CH,CH-CH, ‘A
3 > Chlewe p efor, chlow p ES,
Propene Bu
Hv : Clty CH, CH,
CHz CH-CHs ste fg Hg CN
acBrtmoprofane PY) -Bremoprefametins
KE cugin-eny A ct CH, CHL
Zico propane |- Todo p pone
“ br it p*
+ CHycHcH= cH, HA >» GHeCH-CH, + Gist ms
* But -l-ene 2-Bremobatine (-Brewol Yr)
I z
——— HI +
2-Me prepene Zelode-2-™me prepare |-flodo-2:-Me-prepard
ct Ch, CH ax
+ CMs C-CH SCH Non 2, chyba cHacts Fr Cg EH —CHI~ciy
H BeH Gey, '2:Bremo-3-wetl
Me but -l-ene |, 2: Bromo-2-Mebulame butane (201)
Above van oceun clue fo Wa Hadsuce alaft which make move
Atoble - 3°Carbocalion a given below 7 .
Clts
: CHa + Cis a
Bn ee ee eee eee ee ern ene
a : b- Gos s b-G- GH Cls Cation
2°Carbycation fy Grove stelle
(demtr Atable) Br
By
‘ Eran e CHL CH,
Knonarch Effect @ Perorice fect:
Pretelitiow of HP by onsym: alkene Tn of Otsanic
pooxicls CReOTO-R]Genzey® Peroxice) take place tn Arch mask ovomhay
maanner ‘Cee BH aHace: over. Garben ‘hour more vos] H-
idle : pr
+ CHLCH = CH, + HAX Perit scare di 4° CH CHCty
Gticcog _(Bromoprepane 2eBromap wept
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Expt. No. ...-----+++1------- Page No...
oS Han Bi
iS sO +
| CHC = ls arate =
[+ Pevoricle €fFecl th app liealale to Only Hx. NOT om He + HE.
CL
Tope =ch pO te A MKV 18 Followed)
| Prepene ov No Peroxicle pao al T-thlono propane
@) By Ram isto Attecrtt <2 H-
( ) fom Alconsl*
tb) nb pe Pay jPUs, SOUP HBR.
(2) By Ren between Alcebrcl Hx
Ron + HX ——> R-X + HOH
+Nucleophilee Aulstitubin accua attacking X"chaplace TH frais Alcabsl.
[for Chlansdabkawe i llse cont HCL + YinCtpanbys (lucas Reagent) |
am
CH CH OH Hey. ae CHCH,Ct +) OOH
*CHCHHOH — 7.0, ct on CHACHA F HOW
Use of ambyd ZnCl: Prabuyd: Znlhy 15 Dehyobutl Ajont Te Yemove
H,0 from Txn mix. + faveur forward rxn. also ZnCl, help im the
Z—on bord In Alcohe? + make Substitution Cory +
3° Alcohel > 2 Alcohel > PAlcohet
H—I > H—br > HH HOF
breaking «|
|-Reactivity sf
*Reactivily of
(Na Ar)
Tor Bromo olkane? Use Kby + HSOy or CHBr 48%)
Ry teen, SO gi came Her + KHSOy
Cotte-oW + HOy ——? Glen + HOW
se Teacher's Sigmattr ronan
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a
fr _lodoolkanes Use KI + HsPOy. GM HL C574)
KI + Hg P0y ——~> HF + KH,POg
CaHs-oh + HEL ——>» Gig-EL + HoH
® H,SOy vs not used olning vx lotw altehel anol IKI fo.
Prepared Loclool kanes, Qo H,S0y & Abory mend
agent oxidise HE info: Tr Ao jocloalkave wil! wol form
+ fr Hig hen alechet
cus CHs
Cty —cH-a, = + C2 ——> Chr -¢- Fic, = HOH
iy cH
cH, OH “ee a a
2" Alcoled 3° Chlovoalkane..
Here 1,2>Methye (ci) Abift for I, A Hye Abift] take plese -
be Give wore Atalale conbocaten !
os, + Cts.
i
CHa G— GHC, aH, cud on sens sag
Clty gH du, # OH 7
er
te oer me
Clty <6 Hes — CH eS cmaiee Ch,
cH . a cH
ed 2° Grpecalign
Ouore ttalole) Bam 2
B by Ren bho “Alcohod + Pls, Ptr, ,0+I>, Pels, Sodt,_
Py
3 R-CH-oW BAH + POH), Apo
(pan;
$9 BMS) 30 cyim ay + POH”
P tle (rs) BRE + POWs
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Expt. No. ....--------------+ Page No...§
=
|_ 3 Ci,cH,-oh Ps Cy Cte = C0 POH), Ctt,F0s
De
Ethanol | Pe 0B) ae PH
po .
ert, (CD Bcu, CH, —T f Ob)
lodbethane - Phorphosvows aca
Pets
co CC ht POL
CH,CH,- OH —
thoned [Sou Cuslty-C2 + HCL + S02
Fouling CDaszan Meftiod)
1 obrtatiwedd ‘in
pune Atabe-
Chtevoethame
+ SOsBr + SOT, ane unstable. R-Br + R-T Cam't be preferred
+ 2° #3° Alcwhst ane wal wed ’ on aban a
| otkeme om heating. oe
W By Haliche Exchomge:
@) “Finkel stein Rew.
Roth C2 Ng T eafone ACH = Nac
RCH BY i CHROH Na Bx
+ NaC +Neby ane jurcluble in Acotowe “get precipitated are
Alkyt imclidal is frcecclinn | _pune
(en ae Eee ee aE 1B SbG
ReCtty= Ch !
R=cHy—by a Ret F al
cry chy-br 7h» Cheers F 5 (9 Pie seam: LE
Cage
1
Hg,
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Borocline -Humolieken Aun?
Silver Sall of Carbonyl atid + Br tn Chk gv Crevoalkene
+ R-CorAg + Br, ——>x R-Br + Cr + Arbo.
“Hy coBAY + By ——7 ChyBr + 4 +"
+ Bromoatkave Couloining C! ome Low than corborybe acicl & former
+ Todoatkane (A-D) commat le prepared by thio method an we|
get enter by vom bho Tr + ReooAy! -
2eCwAy + Tn — A-toor +.°C0, + 249r Girmonini Re
D Preparation of Ally halicle + Bowzy! halicle
When alkene Cexcept Ethene) ane hela unith Ch or Br, ot Sd CriaK),
oto ce Uy : tion
# from allylic & duploeed by X an Allybic halgena
WI3k
+ Cheech + th EE dipcpacn + He
Propene Ally Chlosucte
Soo
CHsCH = ch, + Ba -=—=> ch-ch = cr, + YU Gr
3-Brswoprp-lene
bse
heat
a t Bar ay ; a HO
3-Bromocyclelex ame
AHS as hea} Cr cet
Ay 2 4
7 on Tigi? an Ae + Hox
4 (Bromo ethyt)-[-wubebenzene
Tt w& Benayhic Abeatituben .
¥ Tf atkene sveacl with NBS CN-Bremo Succinimicle) Pa presed
Of Aumlight, H stow from allybie C's meplaeedl by aL,
Cte
es
CHyCH= CH, + Le nee te glenn,
a 5
ean NOE Allyl Growele
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= Ue no
woe Thi ucle [Soch] 1 Perved t> pnehare cilnraaltane frsnn |
u re [C HN] —
13- LS!
anal “Tas chlosticle [Soci] 2
ge 1
CHR ECH a? CCH ls CA CH=CH
dulce, of HX So _hoth svleare tum Num
id ire ag.
i
ise: $ H,Gt pohich com oltsck on FGshocatim .
t
a
cuscn = cy cata CH; —) 15 CH=CH, hats prepame
tet > cu cu-cHs Papbam-2-of
on
0.7- o : + HSO
9 ft Cs Hi on
4a the xn, fo) OH pe Socg_——>
) CH,CHe ty + Not
Oye er
al