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Disaster Management Roles & Teams

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24 views5 pages

Disaster Management Roles & Teams

Uploaded by

anjalivanaparthianjali
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

4.

11 – Roles & Responsibilities of Government / Government


Initiatives on Disaster Management

🟩 1. National Committee on Disaster Management (NCDM):

• Setup by: Government of India


• Headed by: The Prime Minister
• Role: Makes important recommendations on how the country should prepare for and respond to
disasters.
• These recommendations help in forming a strong national disaster management program.

🟩 2. Support from United Nations Development Programme (UNDP):

• UNDP works with the Indian government to improve disaster management systems.
• They help in planning, training, and building capacity at different levels (village, block, district,
and state).

🟩 3. Programme Components include:

1. State & District Disaster Management Plans: These are official guides that tell what to do before,
during, and after disasters.
2. Village/Ward-Level Plans: Disaster plans are also made at the local level – like Gram Panchayat,
Block, and Urban Local Bodies.
3. Formation of Disaster Management Committees: Teams are made at each level, ensuring
women are equally involved.
4. Capacity Building: Special training in first aid, rescue, water/sanitation, and shelter
management.
5. Building Safe Structures:
6. Use of earthquake & cyclone-resistant designs.
7. Retrofitting (making old buildings stronger).
8. Demo units for technology training.
9. Integration with Development:
10. Disaster management is linked with local development plans like roads, water supply, housing, etc.

🟩 4. Responsibilities at State and Central Level:

• Primary Responsibility: Lies with the State Government.


• Central Government:
• Helps financially and logistically during major disasters.
• Sends teams, equipment, and funds as supplementary support.

1
4.12 – Community / Community Level Disaster Management
Community participation is very important in managing disasters effectively.

🔷 The Four Main Components of Disaster Management:

1. Preparedness:

Getting ready before a disaster strikes.

• 📣 Awareness and education programs.


• 📝 Planning at local levels (schools, individuals, communities).
• 🚒 Mock drills and practice sessions.
• 📦 Inventory of resources – both materials and skilled people.
• 🚨 Warning systems to alert in time.
• 🤝 Mutual help agreements with nearby communities.
• 👥 Identify vulnerable groups (children, elderly, disabled).

2. Response:

Actions taken during or immediately after a disaster.

• 🛑 Activate control rooms and emergency centers.


• 👮 Rescue teams deployed.
• 📢 Warning updates issued.
• 🍲 Community kitchens started.
• 🏠 Temporary shelters and toilets setup.
• 🚑 Medical camps started.
• 🚚 Mobilize more resources as needed.

3. Recovery:

Helping the community return to normal life after the disaster.

• 🧼 Health and safety awareness.


• 🧠 Counselling for trauma victims.
• 🛣️ Restore basic services – roads, power, communication.
• 🏠 Provide new shelters.
• ♻️ Reuse materials from rubble.
• 💰 Financial help.
• 💼 Find jobs for affected people.
• 🏗️ Rebuild homes and buildings.

2
4. Prevention:

Steps to reduce the chances or impact of future disasters.

• 🌍 Land use planning (avoid building in risky zones).


• 🚫 Stop construction in danger zones (like flood plains).
• 🧱 Disaster-resistant buildings.
• 🔍 Identify risks early.
• 📚 Educate the community.

⛑️ Why is Community Involvement Important?

• First responders are always the locals or neighbors, not the outside agencies.
• Proper training makes them life-savers.
• Community-based disaster management empowers local people with skills and confidence.

4.13 – Local Institutions / Institutional Framework


This refers to the organized structure of roles and responsibilities at different levels.

🟥 1. Disaster Management Structure (National Level):

• NDMA (National Disaster Management Authority):


• Apex body.
• Chaired by the Prime Minister.
• National Executive Committee:
• Consists of 14 secretaries from key ministries.
• Chief of Integrated Defence Staff is also a member for coordination.

🟥 2. Centre-Level Institutions:

• NDMA: Makes policies and guidelines for disaster management.


• NIDM (National Institute of Disaster Management): Trains professionals and prepares
educational material.
• NDRF (National Disaster Response Force): Special force for handling major disasters.

🟥 3. State Level:

• SDMA (State Disaster Management Authority):


• Headed by Chief Minister.
• State Executive Committee: Implements state-level disaster management policies.

3
🟥 4. District Level:

• DDMA (District Disaster Management Authority):


• Headed by District Collector / Magistrate.
• Acts as a bridge between government and the local people.

🟦 Other Supporting Institutions:

1. Armed Forces – provide rescue, logistics, medical help.


2. Central Paramilitary Forces – support in disaster zones.
3. Police & Fire Services – immediate response.
4. Civil Defence & Home Guards – trained volunteers.
5. SDRF (State Disaster Response Force) – state-level rescue teams.
6. NCC – National Cadet Corps helps in relief efforts.
7. NSS – National Service Scheme student volunteers.
8. NYKS – Youth organization supporting disaster activities.

4.14 – Stakeholders in Disaster Management


Stakeholders are the people and organizations that participate in managing disasters:

1. 💼 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR):


2. Companies provide money, materials, and support during disasters.
3. 🤝 Public Private Partnership (PPP):
4. Government works with private companies to build infrastructure and improve response systems.
5. 🗞️ Media Partnership:
6. The media helps in spreading awareness, providing live updates, and educating people before
and during disasters.
7. 👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Training Communities:
8. People are trained in first aid, evacuation, safety, etc.
9. 🏫 Disaster Management Education in Schools:
10. Students are taught how to respond in emergencies. This builds a culture of preparedness from a
young age.

4.15 – Role of NGOs in Disaster Management


Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) are voluntary, non-profit agencies registered under Indian laws
such as:

• Societies Registration Act, 1860


• Companies Act, 1956
• Public Charitable Trust Acts

4
🌟 NGOs play a significant role in the following ways:

• Disaster Preparedness:

• Conduct community awareness campaigns.

• Train local communities in emergency drills, first-aid, and safe evacuation.

• Educate the public on hazards and how to cope.

• During Disasters:

• Provide emergency relief such as food, water, shelter, clothing, and medical aid.

• Assist in evacuation and first-response.

• Support search and rescue teams.

• Post-Disaster Recovery:

• Help in rebuilding homes and community infrastructure.

• Provide psychological counselling and social support.

• Assist in restoring livelihoods and temporary employment.

• Coordination and Advocacy:

• Work closely with government agencies, international bodies, and other NGOs.

• Advocate for community-focused policies and risk reduction measures.

NGOs help strengthen disaster response systems by filling in gaps, especially where government support is
delayed or insufficient. Their quick, localized actions often save lives and reduce suffering.\ Examples of
NGOs include: \ • Red Cross, which provides emergency response and first aid. \ • SEEDS India, which
works on school safety and community preparedness. \ • Sphere India, which coordinates various NGOs for
faster and more effective relief delivery.

Common questions

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NGOs play a significant role in post-disaster recovery by assisting in the rebuilding of community infrastructure, which is critical for restoring normalcy. They also provide psychological counseling and social support, which is essential for community healing and reducing trauma impacts. These roles often address gaps in government response, making NGOs invaluable in ensuring comprehensive recovery efforts .

Integrating disaster management with local development plans benefits preparedness and response by ensuring that infrastructure such as roads, water supply, and housing are built with disaster resilience in mind, thus minimizing potential damage. This approach ensures that resilience is embedded in community structures, thereby facilitating quicker recovery after a disaster .

The primary responsibility for disaster management lies with the State Government, focusing on on-the-ground response and initial recovery efforts. The Central Government complements these efforts by providing financial and logistical support during major disasters, sending specialized teams, equipment, and funds to bolster the state's capacity .

Land use planning and strict construction regulations contribute to disaster prevention by avoiding construction in high-risk areas and ensuring buildings are built to withstand potential hazards, thus reducing vulnerability. Challenges in implementing these measures include legal and financial constraints, resistance from developers, and the need for consistent enforcement across jurisdictions .

Community-based disaster management strategies empower local populations by equipping them with the necessary skills and confidence to act as first responders during a disaster. This empowerment is crucial as local communities are often the immediate responders, and their involvement can lead to quicker, more effective initial responses, potentially saving lives and minimizing damage before external aid arrives .

The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) contributes significantly to India's disaster management efforts by providing specialized skills and manpower necessary to handle vast and varying disaster scenarios, from urban collapses to natural catastrophes. Its effectiveness is demonstrated through well-executed operations following standard protocols that optimize response times and coordination with other agencies, thereby minimizing loss and facilitating rescue operations .

The National Committee on Disaster Management (NCDM), headed by the Prime Minister, plays a crucial role in shaping India's disaster management framework by providing strategic recommendations for the country's preparedness and response. This high-level guidance is vital for forming robust national disaster management programs as it aligns efforts across different levels of government, ensuring coordinated and effective responses .

Media partnerships in disaster management are critical for quickly spreading awareness and information, providing live updates, and educating the public proactively. Advantages include wide reach and rapid communication. However, potential drawbacks include the risk of disseminating unverified information leading to panic or confusion and the sensationalization of events, which can distract from effective response and recovery efforts .

Involving women equally in disaster management committees is important as it ensures diverse perspectives and needs are considered, leading to more comprehensive and effective disaster response and recovery strategies. Women often play crucial roles in community support and recovery, and their participation can improve the tailoring of efforts to suit the needs of all community members, thus enhancing overall resilience .

Incorporating disaster management education in schools is essential as it builds a culture of preparedness and resilience from a young age, equipping students with the knowledge and skills to respond effectively during emergencies. Long-term benefits include a more informed community capable of reducing risks and losses during disasters and greater community cohesion in emergency responses .

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