2009- 2010 FALL TERM

ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY PREPARATORY SCHOOL

STARTER GROUPS WEEKEND MATERIALS (WEEK 6)

PART A: READING
Text 1

Before Reading: Discuss the following questions

1. What do you know about Australia and Australians?
2. Do you want to live in Australia? Why?
3. Do you have any relatives or friends in Australia?
4. Do you know anything about the history of Australia?

HISTORY OF AUSTRALIA

People first arrived in Australia about 50,000 years ago.

The first people in
Australia were the
Aboriginal people. They
came by boat from the
islands of Indonesia. They
lived in all parts of
Australia. Their lives were
simple and they had very
few needs. They lived by hunting, fishing and gathering
food. They lived in groups, and they spoke many different
languages.

In the 16th century, people from the Netherlands, France, and

Britain arrived in Australia. First they found the north and
west coast. This was dry land and was actually not good to
live in. So, they moved to other parts of the country. But in
1770 a British sailor, Captain James Cook, discovered the
east coast of Australia. He called it New South Wales. He
thought it was an excellent place to settle.

In 1788, the British sent people on ships to Australia. Britain needed a place to send its criminals
(people who were in jail for theft and other crimes). Its jails were full. The first group of people settled
at a place they called Sydney. For the first few years they did not have much food, and life was very
hard. But soon they began to do farming, and more people joined them. Sydney grew, and people
started new towns.

Soon people from Sydney explored other parts of Australia.

George Bass and Matthew Flinders travelled south to
Tasmania. Hamilton Hume and William Hovell went south by
land. They found the Murray River, and good land in Victoria.
Thomas Mitchell went inland, and found more rivers. Others
went north and found Queensland. Then, some people found
gold in 1851. So, many more people wanted to come to
Australia. The country grew very fast, and some people
became very rich.

As more people from Europe established towns and farms

across Australia, they moved native Aboriginal people off

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their land. Some Aborigines were killed, and many died from illness and hunger. Soon few Aborigines
were left, and they lived in small areas.

In 1840, Britain stopped sending criminals to Australia. The people in Australia wanted to control
their own country. They didn’t want to live under the control of London. So in 1851 New South
Wales, Victoria and the other colonies established their own parliaments. They wanted to make their
own laws.

A.
Read the sentences and write (T) for true and write (F) for false sentences according to the text.

1. ___ The Aborigines were in Australia when the Europeans came.

2. ___ The native people of Australia came from the Netherlands, France and Britain.
3. ___ Life in Australia was not easy at the beginning for European people.

B.
Read the text and answer the questions

1. Who were the first people of Australia?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Where did the first people in Australia come from?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Who arrived in Australia in the 16th century?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Why did people move to other parts of Australia in the 16th century?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Why did Britain send people to Australia?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. What did the criminals start to do when they settled Australia?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. What happened in Australia after some people found gold?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. Why were few Aborigines left?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. Why did colonies in Australia establish their own parliaments?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. What does “they” in paragraph 5 refer to?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11. What does “explored” in paragraph 4 mean?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. What does “moved” in paragraph 2 mean?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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Text 2:

Before Reading: Discuss the following questions.

1. Do you like ghost stories?
2. Do you believe in ghosts?
3. What makes you scared?

NOT ALONE

My mother and father left the house to go to the movies. I was at home with my
two little sisters. Suddenly, there was a knock on the door. I was frightened. I
didn’t want to open the door, but I had no other choice. So I opened the door.

I saw a man at the door and said, "Can I help you?" He looked at me. He didn’t reply. He just
looked at me. I repeated myself several times, but he just stared. I thought that he was deaf.
Then, I signed 'Can I help you?' He nodded, heavily and then pushed me aside and came into
the house. I signed 'Do I know you? Do my parents know you?' He nodded again. And then
he stared at the picture of a strange figure on the wall.

He automatically sat at the kitchen table, like he knew where

everything was in the house. On a piece of paper, he wrote you are
Tom. How did he know my name? I asked him what his name was and
he shook his head. I asked again and he shook no. I started to get
worried for myself and for my two baby sisters in the house. I told him
to wait there. I ran into the next room and picked up the phone to call
the police. But when I picked up the phone, I didn't hear a dial tone; I
heard breathing ... deep breathing.

I hung up the phone and looked back into the kitchen. The man
was still there. He didn’t move. I called the kids upstairs and I
locked them in my room. They were safe there. Then, I ran into
my parents’ room to get the cordless phone. When I clicked the
phone, I heard breathing. This time, I was really scared. I
screamed and hid behind the wall.

When I looked into the kitchen, the strange man was gone. I
didn't like this. I went to the kitchen and saw the note on the
table. “You are not alone.” The man was gone, but I was even
more scared. Now, everything in the house was more scary. I
heard frightening sounds. The picture on the wall stared at me. I
was worried, frightened and helpless.

Fortunately, my parents returned early. I told them about everything

and my father explained me everything. “The note is mine. The strange
man is my cousin Jack. He is deaf. He can’t hear you. The telephone
lines were cut off because of the storm. The TV is turned on. There
was a scary movie on. The picture of a figure stares at you when you
stare at him.”

A.

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Read the sentences and write (T) for true and write (F) for false sentences according to the text.

1. ___ The strange man was a ghost.

2. ___ Tom wasn’t worried anymore when the strange man was gone.
3. ___ Tom’s father and the strange man were relatives.

B.
Read the text and answer the following questions.

1. Why did Tom open the door?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Why didn’t the strange man answer Tom’s questions?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Why did Tom lock his little sisters in his room?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. What did Tom do when the cordless phone didn’t work?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. How did Tom feel when the strange man was gone?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Who wrote the note on the kitchen table?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Why didn’t the telephones work?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Why did Tom hear frightening sounds?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. What does “they” in paragraph 4 refer to?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. What does “stared” in paragraph 2 mean?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11. What does “frightening” in paragraph 5 mean?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

C.
Write a story. Start with the given sentences. When you write, answer the following questions.
Who are the characters? What are they like? Where are they? What happens in there?

It was a sunny, beautiful day. It was the first day of school. Jack was on his way to school.
Suddenly, ...................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
.................

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Text 3:

Before Reading: Discuss the following questions.

1. How often do you dream? Do you remember
your dreams? Give examples.
2. Do dreams have special meanings?

Many people wonder: Why do we sleep? Why do we dream? They ask themselves the purpose or
reason. There are many theories about this. We don’t know the answer. One theory of sleep says that
during the day, we use many important chemicals in our bodies and brains. We need to sleep so we
can repair our bodies. Scientists call this theory the “Repair Theory”. According to this theory, during
sleep, our bodies produce a growth hormone. It helps us grow. Another theory is that the purpose of
sleep is to dream. Dreaming happens only during one stage – REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep.
REM sleep occurs about every 90 minutes and it lasts for about 20 minutes. Some scientists believe
REM sleep helps us to remember things, but other scientists don’t agree on this.

Everyone sleeps and dreams every night. Many times we don’t remember our dreams, but we
still dream. The cause of dreams is unknown. There were many theories about dreams in the
past, and there are different theories about them today, too. According to many cultures,
dreams can predict the future. For example, in your dream you are a rich businessman, and
you really become rich the next day. However, according to some people, dreams are just a
form of entertainment.

According to Freud, there are a lot of symbols about our past in our dreams. He thought
dreams are about events from our childhood. Other psychologists disagree with him. They
believe dreams are about our ideas, needs and problems now. There is interesting new
research on the brain. When we are awake, many parts of our brain are active, for example,
the parts for emotions, vision, logic, and so on. But, during the sleep period, the part of the
brain for logic is not active.

Read the text and answer the following questions.

1. What is the text mainly about?

a. Psychologists’ ideas about dreams.

b. The purpose or cause of sleeping and dreams.
c. The symbols in dreams and their meanings.

2. How do we develop physically according to Repair Theory?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. What happens only during the REM sleep?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. What does Freud say about dreams?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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5. What parts of our brain are active when we are awake?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. What part/s of brain is/are not active when we are asleep?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. What does “predict” mean in paragraph 2?

a. watch b. remember c. tell

8. What does “him” refer to in paragraph 3?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Follow Up: Work in pairs. Student A tells his/her dream. Student B listens to his/her friend’s dream
and tries to explain its meaning. Ask and answer questions about the dream.

e.g.
A: I had a strange dream last night.
B: What did you see?
A: I saw an elephant and it …………….

PART 2
GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

1. Complete the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in parenthesis.

In the past, the Indus Valley in South Asia was different from what it is today. It was the center of the
Indus Valley Civilization. Over 4000 years ago, there (be) _________ (1) a big busy city called
Mohenjo Daro in this valley. About 35000 people used to live there then, but the city (be) _________
(2) empty now. There are only small towns and villages along the Indus River. Long ago, this city (be)
__________ (3) very organized. It had streets and big buildings, but there (not/be) _________ (4) any
traffic or air pollution. There were schools, baths, meeting halls, and markets. There were also
swimming pools with their own dressing rooms around the city for the hot months of the year. In
people’s homes, there were bedrooms, gardens and even bathrooms. The buildings (be)_________ (5)
attractive and modern for that time. In their free time,
the people (like) _________ (6) to dance, ride and
swim. The people (eat) ________ (7) rice at every
meal. They (not/eat) _________ (8) much meat, green
vegetables, or fruit. There were a lot of farms around
the city with sheep, pigs and cows. But people
(not/use)_________ (9) animals for food. They used
animals for work and travel. For long journeys, people
(prefer) _________ (10) elephants, carts or ships.
Today, people are not sure why the people of Mohenjo
Daro decided to leave the city. But we know that they
had an amazing civilization.

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2. Choose the alternatives that best complete the text.

Rudolf Nureyev was a famous ballet dancer. He _________ (1) born on 17 th March in 1938
on a traveling train in Northern Russia. Nureyev _________ (2) in Moscow. He was from a
poor family and _________ (3) three older sisters. Even as a child, he
danced with dance groups and the Ufa Opera Ballet. He was very talented
and loved to dance. In 1955, at the age of seventeen, he _________(4) to
study at the Leningrad Ballet School. He _________(5) this school. So,
Nureyev _________(6) the Kirov Ballet as a solo dancer. He had main
roles in important ballets such as Sleeping Beauty, Giselle and the Swan
Lake. He became a well-known dancer in Russia and _________(7)
traveling outside the country. In 1962, he danced in France for six months
and became an international star. But, he _________(8) his performances.
He had over 90 roles in more than 30 ballet and modern dance companies.
He _________(9) working in his own ballets in 1972. They were great
works for his time. He _________(10) on 6 th January 1993 in Paris,
France. But his talent and energy are unforgettable in the history of ballet.

1. 6.
a. is a. joined
b. was b. join
c. were c. didn’t
d. isn’t d. did

2. 7.
a. grew up a. start
b. grow up b. starts
c. grown up c. started
d. did grew up d. is started

3. 8.
a. has a. did stop
b. had b. didn’t stop
c. have c. stops
d. did d. is stopped

4. 9.
a. go a. begun
b. goes b. begins
c. went c. begin
d. is d. began

5. 10.
a. didn’t like a. dead
b. doesn’t like b. is dead
c. likes c. died
d. liked d. did die

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3. Complete the text with the suitable words from the box. There are three extra words.

success, joined, travelled, amazing, career, married, discovered, games, stayed,

moved, decision, habits, started

Thierry Henry started his professional _________ (1) in 1994. He was only 17 years old. He
_________ (2) playing football at an early age. His father wanted him to become a football
player, but his mother wanted him to study at university. He did both. He was an excellent
student as well as a/an _________ (3) football player. Thierry often played football with his
friends and one day a man from the French Football Academy watched him play. He invited
him to the academy and Thierry _________ (4) the academy. Thierry _________ (5) there for
the next two years. In 1998, he played for France in the World Cup and in 1999 he ________
(6) to an Italian club. He wasn’t happy there and so he decided to go to
an English team. It was a good _________ (7) to go to England. He
became the top scorer of the team in England. This was a great
_________ (8). He was very successful and happy there. He
_________ (9) a British model and actress, Claire Merry, in Britain.
Today, he plays for an English team and he is the team captain. Before
he plays any matches, he likes to play computer _________ (10) and
listen to rock music.

4. Choose the alternatives that best complete the text.

Last weekend was lovely and warm so Samantha, Timothy, Jackie and I _________ (1) to go
on a picnic at the seaside. The night before, we
packed the picnic basket, prepared our beach bags
and set off early the next day. Timothy _________
(2) us up in his car at nine o’clock and we arrived
almost two hours later. _________, (3) there was a
parking space next to the entrance because the beach
is usually busy on the weekends. So, we _________
(4) the car and walked along the coast to find a shady
cool spot for our picnic. We had a great day but by
the afternoon we were _________ (5) and we
decided to go home. We packed up our things and
walked back to the car park. When we arrived, we were _________
(6) to find that our car wasn’t there and another car was in its place.
We called the police and asked them to come down and help us find
the car. A policewoman _________ (7) a few minutes later. When we
explained, she just smiled and pointed to a sign. Parking wasn’t
_________ (8) there.

1. a. called b. decided c. liked

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d. hated c. Finally b. tired a. closed
d. Surprisingly c. easy b. died
2. d. noisy c. changed
a. brushed 4. d. arrived
b. rented a. parked 6.
c. picked b. fixed a. lucky 8.
d. started c. drove b. heavy a. allowed
d. stole c. shocked b. ready
d. interested c. busy
3. d. frightened
a. Probably 5.
b. Regularly a. fired 7.
5. Choose the alternatives that best complete the text.

Keiko (it means ‘lucky one’ in Japanese) was a six-ton killer whale. He had an amazing
journey and touched many people’s hearts. He was born
in the Atlantic Ocean, near Iceland, in 1977. Keiko was
only two years old when a fishing boat caught him and
_________ (1) him from his family. They _________
(2) him in an aquarium in Iceland. He didn’t stay there
long because the Marine Land in Ontario, Canada
_________ (3) him and trained him. He learned fast and
a few years later Keiko’s luck _________ (4). He
became the most famous whale in the world when a big
company chose him to star in ‘Free Willy’. The film
was a _________ (5) success and they made two more _________ (6). These Three films
made Keiko popular all over the world. Children really loved Keiko. People wanted him to
have a better life. People didn’t want the film company to _________ (7) Keiko. They wanted
freedom for Keiko. In the end, the company agreed. They _________ (8)
him to the Oregon Coast Aquarium by plane because he was too big for a
train or truck. It was the first time in 14 years that he could swim in natural
seawater. Finally, Keiko was free to swim off the shores of Iceland again.
But he never made a full return to the wild and always wanted and needed
human company. He died in December 2003.

1. a. saw b. thick c. bake

a. copied b. bought c. alive d. help
b. killed c. went d. huge
c. taught d. thought 8.
d. took 6. a. moved
4. a. yesterday b. liked
2. a. changed b. after c. used
a. go b. closed c. afterwards d. wanted
b. drive c. started d. ago
c. put d. studied
d. ask

7.
5. a. press
3. a. safe b. use

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PART 3
SENTENCE FORMATION

1. Combine the sentences with “so” and 2. Put the words into correct order to
“but”. make sentences.

1. She was ill. She didn’t come to school. 1. were/when/at high

……………………………………………. school/you/play/you/did/play/What/sports?
…………………………………………….
2. She was ill. She came to school. …………………………………………….
…………………………………………….
3. I went to bed late. I couldn’t get up 2. last night/bed/early/go to/you/Did?
early. …………………………………………….
…………………………………………….
……………………………………………. 3. did/buy/at the mall/you/What/yesterday?
…………………………………………….
4. I went to bed late. I could get up early.
……………………………………………. 4. got/the top
score/you/when/happy/you/Were?
5. I was very tired. I continued studying. …………………………………………….
…………………………………………….
5. years ago/college/two/finished/He.
6. I was very tired. I stopped studying. …………………………………………….
…………………………………………….
6. the party/attend/you/didn’t/Why?
7. She eats a lot. She is overweight. …………………………………………….
…………………………………………….
7. Did/have/you/a nice
8. She eats a lot. She is thin. time/you/were/when/on vocation?
……………………………………………. …………………………………………….
…………………………………………….
9. They aren’t from England. They know
English. 8. this morning/breakfast/you/eat/Did?
……………………………………………. …………………………………………….
…………………………………………….
9. last night/tired/I/was/so/to
10. They are from England. They know bed/went/I/early.
English. …………………………………………….
……………………………………………. …………………………………………….
…………………………………………….
10. difficult/were/The
questions/but/them/answer/could/I.
…………………………………………….
…………………………………………….